Ataturk dam

about ataturk dam in turkey

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INTRODUCTION
•Turkey has a “water advantage” over other Middle
Eastern countries because Tigris and Euphrates
rivers form here.
•Turkey has developed the Southeastern Anatolia
Project, which consists of 22 dams and 19
hydroelectric plants along the Euphrates River.
•This project has greatly improved the standard of
living for Turkey’s citizens.

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Location of the Ataturk Dam

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•Ataturk dam is located on Euphrates River in
Bozova, Turkey.
• It is the world’s fourth largest Rock fill dam.
•Euphrates river is the longest river of the western Asia.
•The River originates from Mount Ararat at
4,500m above sea level.
•The River flows in Turkey, Syria and Iraq.
Ataturk Dam

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•Initially it was called Karababa dam.
•It is named in honour of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, the
founder of Turkish republic.
•Construction of dam begins in 1983 and was completed in
1990.
•The dam provides hydropower and Irrigation in Turkey.
•The cost of the project is 1250 MUSD.

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•The Euphrates receives most of its water in the form of
rain fall and melting snow.
•The discharge in months April and May accounts 36%
of the total annual discharge of the river.

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Ataturk dam

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Objectives
•Originally the dam is designed to provide water to 7,00,000 Ha
Irrigation and generate electricity with an installed power
capacity of 800 MW.
•In 1977, the generation capacity of the dam increased from
800 to 2100 MW and the total planned irrigation area was to be
extended to 8,00,000 Ha.
•To increase the per capita income in the region by 50%.
•To provide employment to 2 Million people.

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Hydraulic Particulars
1. Hydrology
Catchment area ………..92,240 km^2
Annual inflow …………..26,585 MCM(939TMC)
2. Reservoir
Retention water level………..EL 542.0 m
Minimum operating level……EL 526.0 m
Maximum water level………..EL 544.15 m
Active storage ………………12,700 MCM (449 TMC)
Reservoir capacity ……..…..48,700 MCM (1720 TMC)
Reservoir area ……………....817 km^2

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3.Dam
Type ………………………..Rock-fill with central core
Height above lowest foundation ………..169 m
Crest length…………………………….. 1,664 m
Elevation of top of dam …………………EL 549.0 m

4. Spillway
Type ………………... Controlled overflow spillway
Type of gates ………6 radial gates
Size of gates ………16 m × 18 m
Discharge capacity ……16,800 m3 /s

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Power intake
Type …………………Concrete gravity dam, 8 blocks
Type of gates ……....8 roller gates
Size of gates ………7.5 m × 7.5 m
Penstocks
Number of penstocks ………………8
Length………………………… Between 515 and 640 m
Diameter …………………………7.25 m

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Powerhouse
Location …………………………..Adjacent to the dam toe
Size (l × w × h) ……………………257 m × 53 m × 49 m
Net head ……………………………151 m
Valves …………………………….8 Butterfly
Turbines…………………………. 8 Francis
Rated space …………………….....150 rpm
Turbine discharge …………………1,748 m 3 /s
Installed capacity………………….. 8 × 300 = 2,400 MW
Annual energy total ……………….8,900 GWh

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Settlement of Dam
•The construction of the dam was started with the
construction of the upstream Coffer dam beginning of
September 1985.
•The construction of the main body of the dam itself was
started by December 1986, and completed in only 3 years and
8 months, which is much less than the originally estimated 5–
5.5 years.
• The fill of the dam contains high plasticity clay for the
impervious zone, natural and processed alluvium for the filter
zones, basalt and placated lime-stone for the shell zones.

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•The rock-fill dam undergoes deformations that are
regularly and systematically monitored since 1990
with different types of sensors.
• It is estimated that the central portion of the dam
crest has settled by around 7 m (23 ft) since the end
of the construction.
•The maximum horizontal (radial) deformation
measured is about 2.9 m (9.5 ft).

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 The field compaction of the impervious clay core of the
Ataturk Dam was not done to the standards
determined through the Proctor tests in the laboratory.
 Therefore, the clay core has settled considerably and
probably is still settling. As a result, the upper part
needs to be reconstructed to the originally intended
height of 549 m in order to maintain the 7 m freeboard
and keep the dam operational.
• The weathered vesicular basalt used in the rock section
has been slaking badly, adding up to the overall
settlement of the dam, and causing landslides in both
the clay core and the rock-fill sections on the upstream
side.

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• The slaking is caused by the expansion of nontronite
(iron montmorilonite).
• The slaking is still continuing indicating future landslides
and more settlement.
• Therefore, the reconstruction of the crest may only be a

solution.

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LAND ACQUISITION
• Approximately 45,000 people have been influenced by the
project.
• Ataturk Dam Expropriation which is the largest expropriation
project of Turkey governs 81,700 hectares of land.
• The expropriation compensation value of 494 Trillion TL (in
2004 unit prices) have been paid to the owners.
• Also people, who thought that the compensation payment is
underestimated, have sued General Directorate of State
Hydraulics to increase the compensation payment. These
payments that belong to the ended suits are approximately
163 Trillion TL (in 2004 unit prices).

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Rehabilitation and Resettlement
• The Directorate of Rural Affairs has estimated that
1129 families had to be displaced.
• Out of this number, 44% were to be resettled in rural
areas, and the balance of 56% in urban areas.
• 100% of the population had been fully compensated,

but only 30% of the population had been resettled
(344 families), and 70% still had to be resettled
(369 families in rural areas, and 416 families in
urban areas).

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References
• http://www.greenstrategy.se/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/Brismar-
NRF.pdf
•Impact of the Ataturk Dam Lake on Agro-Meteorological Aspects of The
South-eastern Anatolia Region Using Remote Sensing and GIS Analysis
•https://www.britannica.com/topic/Ataturk-Dam
•https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/2050/e31f75c776feef498a3c66b790b9
53475cef.pdf

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