ATOMIC MODELS grade 7 matatag curriculum week1.pptx

ATOMIC MODELS grade 7 matatag curriculum week1

1. ATOMIC MODELS

2. Atomic Model Proponent/ Year Introduced Main Features Contribution to understanding of atomic struc1ture 1. Solid Sphere model John Dalton (1803) Atoms are indivisible, indestructible particles that are the fundamental units of elements. This model laid the groundwork for understanding the composition of matter. 2. Plum Pudding Model J.J. Thomson (1904) Atoms are positively charged spheres with negatively charged electrons embedded within, resembling a “plum pudding.” Introduced the idea of subatomic particles (electrons). 3. Nuclear Model Rutherford (1911) Atoms consist of a small, dense, positively charged nucleus surrounded by orbiting electrons. Established the nuclear structure of the atom, challenging the homogeneous distribution of charge. ATOMIC MODELS

3. Atomic Model Proponent/ Year Introduced Main Features Contribution to understanding of atomic structure 4. Solar System Model Neils Bohr (1913) Electrons orbit the nucleus in fixed energy levels (orbits), and energy is emitted or absorbed when electrons jump between these levels. Integrated quantum theory into atomic structure, explaining atomic spectra. 5. Quantum Mechanical Model Erwin Schrödingern (1920s-1930s) Electrons exist in probabilistic regions called orbitals, rather than definite paths. This model, based on wave mechanics, provided a more accurate and comprehensive description of atomic structure and behavior. ATOMIC MODELS

4. atom Atom, the basic building block of all matter and chemistry. Atoms can combine with other atoms to form molecules but cannot be divided into smaller parts by ordinary chemical processes. Atom has subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons - have a positive electrical charge Neutrons - are electrically neutral—they carry no charge; Electrons - which are negatively charged.

5. Particle model of matter

6. Particle model of matter a theory/ model that explains how the particles that make up a substance are arranged, and how they move and interact with each other

7. Particle model of matter

8. Key concept All matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms or molecules. Atoms are the fundamental building blocks of elements, while molecules consist of two or more atoms chemically bonded together. Particles are constantly in motion: ▪ In solids, particles vibrate in place. ▪ In liquids and gases, particles move from one location to other. In solids, particles are closely packed with minimal space between them. In liquids and gases, particles have more space between them. As temperature increases, particle motion speeds up. Higher kinetic energy leads to faster vibrations and movement of particles.