Audio-visual aids - classification, selection, use and production

The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines audio visual aids as “designed to aid in learning or teaching by making use of both hearing and sight.”

The Dictionary.com definition is “training or educational materials directed at both the sense of hearing and the sense of sight; films, recordings, photographs, etc., used in classroom instruction, library collections, or the like.”

The Instructional Technology course offered by ecoursesonline describes them as “instructional devices which are used to communicate messages more effectively through sound and visuals.”

From the definitions, we can surmise that audio visual aids are devices or materials that tap into both the hearing (or auditory) sense and sight (or visual) sense. Their purpose is to provide instruction, education or communication.

Audio visual aids may take the form of a:

Powerpoint presentation in support of a verbal lecture
Video clip with voice over, and moving or still images
Interactive whiteboard
Television
Projected images in support of verbal dialogue
A graphic, chart or written material in support of verbal dialogue Furthermore, a study on Visual, Audio, and Kinesthetic Effects on Memory Retention and Recall by Udomon, Xiong, Berns, Best, and Vike (2013) revealed that retention and recall of information is significantly improved when two or more senses are engaged in learning the information. Information presented in both audio and visual formats is more likely to be retained than information presented either way alone.

Interestingly, you can further improve retention by encouraging note-taking while listening to and viewing the audio visual information. The act of writing taps into the kinesthetic style of learning.

1. Audio-visual aids - classification, selection, use and production BY : AREPALLI NAVEEN KUMAR

2. Audio-visual aids Audio visual aids comprises of three words audio, visual and audio visual aids. Audio Aids: Instructional device through which message can be heard but not seen. Ex . Radio, Tape Recorder, CD players etc. Visual Aids: Instructional device through which message can be seen but not heard. Ex . Posters , Flashcards, charts. Audio Visual Aids: Instructional device through which message can be heard as well as seen Ex . Television.

3. DEFINITION: An audio-visual aid is an instructional device in which the message can be heard as well as seen. Audio visual aids are those sensory objects or images which initiate or stimulate and reinforce learning. - Burton “Audio-visual aids are those aids which help in completing the triangular process of learning i.e.; motivation, classification and stimulation". - Carter V. Good Audio visuals aids are any device which can be used o make the learning experience more concrete, more realistic and more dynamic. - Kinder S. James

4. CLASSIFICATION OF AUDIO VISUAL AIDS : A.V. aids can be broadly divided into 2 types based on their operation. Projected aids Non projected aids PROJECTED AIDS & NON-PROJECTED AIDS

5. Projected aids: Film Film strips Opaque projector OHP-over head projector .

6. NON-PROJECTED AIDS

7. Common classification Traditional Aids : Traditional practicing medias. Eg. Puppet shows, Folks songs, Drama,etc. Miscellaneous: people gathered or consists of various types or from different sources. Eg.Dramatization, Booklets, Newspapers, Magazines. Aids through activity: Teaching aids play a key role in teaching-learning situations. Eg. School Journey, Objects, Specimens, and Model collections, etc.

8. SELECTION OF AUDIO VISUAL AIDS Audio Visual Aids are used singly or in combination with other aids and extension methods The choice of Audio Visual Aids shall depend upon a number of criteria 1. Teaching Objectives whether to give information, to impart skill or bringing change in attitude etc.

9. Contd. 2. Nature Of subject matter being taught particular aspect of the technology

10. Contd. 3. Size of audiences small or big.

11. CONTD. 4. Availability of equipments, material and funds.

12. CONTD. 5. Skill and Experience of the extension agent in preparations and use of Audio Visual Aids.

13. USE OF AUDIO VISUAL AIDS Audio Visual aids plays an important role in making the teaching and learning process ( formal or non formal )more interesting effective and permanent. • Audio Visual materials can help bringing the world into classroom. • Audio Visual aids provide powerful force in thelearning process .

14. CONTD. Audio Visual materials stimulate motivation and help Learners. These are instructional devices which are used to communicate messages more effectively through sound and visuals. The aids help in stimulating the sensory organ like ears and eyes to facilitate quick comprehension of the message by the audience. They may be used for literate as well a forilliterate people.

15. PRODUCTION OF AUDIO VISUAL AIDS Production Of Av/Training Materials Broadly speaking, there are two types of production: Commercially produced Locally produced materials/aids Commercially produced materials are designed for a relatively heterogeneous audience and they The locally produced materials are designed for more specific purposes and for relativelycould be useful for multiple purposes. homogenous learner For adequate use of training aids in extension work, it is imperative to encourage extension agents to acquire and develop skills in the design and production of simple learning aids.

16. General Guidelines For The Production Of Training Materials/Aids (1) Identification or understanding of the specific training objective. (2) Familiarity with the characteristics of the target audience to ensure suitability in terms of age, social and cultural background, beliefs, linguistic competence etc. (3) The content of the message should then be selected based on the first 2 guidelines. (4) Cost effectiveness must be ensured.

17. Facilities Needed for Production 1. Spacious room for planning, design and development. 2. Provision for graphics, photographic and audio materials 3. Storage space for quick and easy and retrieval of materials 4. The maintenance culture to ensure continuous usefulness of the facility.

18. Materials For Production Adequate materials should be provided for graphics, sound recording, photography, duplicating and reproducing materials and some printing material . e.g. graphics require ampie supply of card boards, newsprints, brown papers mechanical lettering devices cut out letters, pens, inks, pencilsmarkers, rulers, water colour transparency sheet, laminating materials etc. For photography, we need ample supply of films and printing materials.

19. Equipment for Production Equipment should be provided for typing and production of materials. Tape recorders, editing equipment, tape duplicator for audio aids. Video camera and still camera.

20. CONCLUSION: The modernising world needs a modren thoughts and technology audio visual aids are one of those to teach many and to give knowledge for big size of people There are many advantages and disadvantages too for this type of modernization but we should use them in a fair way

21. REFERENCES: http://www.slideshare.net/pria87/audio-visual-aids?from_m_app=android https://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/teaching/the-use-of-audio-visual-aids-in-teaching-923-words/6070 http://www.slideshare.net/Harshitabhumra/audio-visual-aids-72444533?from_m_app=android https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://unaab.edu.ng/funaab-ocw/opencourseware/Production http://www.slideshare.net/1302011987/audio-visual-aids-or-instructional-aids?from_m_app=android