Bandura’s Theory of Social Learning

A children learn through #Observation #Imitation & #Modelling also. In the process of #Education, this theory is very necessary for classroom situations.
#Social Learning Theory #Educational Psychology #Learning Theory #Observational learning #Social learning

1. Bandura’S theory of Social leARNING Advanced educational psychology Subhankar rana Ma education School of education Central university of himachal pradesh

2. What is social Learning ? Social learning is defined as learning through the observation of other people's behaviours. It is a process of social change in which people learn from each other in ways that can benefit wider social-ecological systems.

3. Who is Albert bandura ? Born on December 4, 1925 (Age-95) Canadian-born American psychologist Studied at the University of British Columbia ( Bolocan Award in psychology) and University of Iowa. Researched and taught at Stanford University. Elected president of American Psychological Association in 1974. Famous for research on Social learning theories.

4. Bandura’s Social learning theory Introduction: - Social learning theory emphasis on the importance of observing and modelling in the behaviour, attitude and emotional reactions of others. Focuses on the learning that occurs within a social context. Make a bridge between Behaviorist & Cognitive learning theory (encompasses attention, memory & motivation). SCLT basically based upon -Cognition

5. Experiment : Bandura (1961) conducted a controlled experiment study to investigate if social behaviours (i.e., aggression) can be acquired by observation and imitation. Children who were observed adults attacking Bobo -Dolls. When hit, the dolls fell over and then bound back up again. After this, the children were allowed to play in a room with the Bobo -Doll then they began to imitate the same aggressive behaviour of the adults, they had previously observed. However, when they observed adults acting aggressively and then being punished Bandura noted that the children were less willing to limited aggressive behaviour themselves. Bandura started that the person whose behaviour a person observed and often imitates is known as a ‘model’ and observational learning is referred to as ‘modelling.’ Bandura , Ross, and Ross (1961) tested 48 boys and 48 girls from the Stanford University Nursery School aged between 3 to 6 years old. Bobo -Doll Experiment:-

6. A live model: which involves an actual individual demonstrating or acting out a behaviour. A symbolic model: which involves real or fictional characters displaying behaviours in books, films, television programs, or online media. A verbal instructional model: which involves descriptions and explanations of a behaviour. Bandura identified three basic models of observational learning:

7. Principle of this theory Attention Retention Reproduction Motivation/ Reinforcement Observation + 4 Necessary Steps = Learning

8. Personal Factors Physical and Mental Health Personal Inadequacy Parental Attitude Environment at Home Goals of Life Readiness and Will Power Social Factors Religious Beliefs Mobility of Parents Factors affecting Social learning SCHOOL’S ENVIRONMENT Inadequate Curriculum Lack of Proper Recreational Facilities Improper Classroom Environment

9. Educational implementation Observational learning helps in increasing knowledge of learners, retention and life skills through observe and imitate to others brilliant students. Social learning theory has numerous implications for classroom use(Discipline making, Improve Creativity, High skill performance in the class). The teacher should model positive behaviours on himself/herself. Teachers should expose students to a variety of other models. This technique is especially important to break down traditional stereotypes. Vicarious reinforcement, modelling can be used by teachers to increase and focus learners attention . We can modify student’s behaviour by identifying his/her company or friend circle.

10. Conclusion Bandura’s Social learning theory emphasizes the power of observational learning and modelling process. Observation and modelling proved to be an effective means of learning many things concerning one's behaviour (love, anger, sympathy, prejudices, speaks, writes, dresses and eat, takes initiatives or shies away), all depend upon what has been observed, remembered, imitated and reinforced in the context of the vicarious or model learning as propagated by the social learning theory. We learn through simply observing and imitating the behavior of others who are taken as models.

11. References :- Books Kulshreshtha , N. S. (2020). NTA UGC NET/JRF/SET EDUCATION. Arihant . Mangal , S. (2018). Advanced Educational Psychology. Delhi: PHI Learning. Weblinks https://educationaltechnology.net/social-learning-theory-albert-bandura/ https://www.academia.edu/37427256/Educational_implications_of_social_learning_theory https://www.simplypsychology.org/bandura.html https://www.verywellmind.com/social-learning-theory-2795074  

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