042 COMMUNITY SPACES
Barcelona is one of the most densely populated cities in Europe today,
with only 1.9 m
2
of green space available to each resident in the com-
pact Eixample neighbourhood. That is far below the standard targeted
by t
he European Union, which is 20 m
2
. On the other hand, we have
the most taxis and motorcycles per inhabitant, which undoubtedly
contributes to the fact that Barcelona is also considered a particularly
noisy city. In addition, there is a high level of air pollution and a general
lack of public spaces, even though numerous open spaces have been
created in the dense urban fabric since the 1980s through demolition
and systematic de-densification.
The ideal city of Eixample
But things should actually have turned out quite differently. Around
1850, Barcelona was bursting at the seams. When the city walls finally
fell, the Catalan engineer Ildefons Cerdà was commissioned to design
the city’s expansion. For this purpose, he created a new academic dis-
cipline, researching the living conditions of the population and study-
ing all the relevant urban development plans that had been realized to
da
te, with the aim of fundamentally improving living conditions for the
city’s inhabitants over the long term. His design for the ideal city was a
strict grid of same-sized blocks measuring 133 x 133 metres each, with
equal amounts of green space and built-up area – envisaged as the
antithesis of the unsanitary and dense old city of Barcelona. However,
from the beginning, his project was met with resistance, and the new
Eixample (meaning expansion in Catalan) he planned was successively
densified. As a result, Eixample is now five times as dense as originally
intended. Nevertheless, we owe many things to Cerdà’s foresight, such
as the 20-metre-wide streets lined with trees, the continuous perim-
eter block development, and its characteristic chamfered corners,
wh
ere the street space opens up like a square. Such elements have led
to a fascinating urbanity oscillating between rule and exception. This
urban grid has proven remarkably adaptable over the past 160 years
and continues to serve as the basis for urban development.
On Sundays, I like to walk with my children to the Mercat de Sant Antoni, which is right
in our neighbourhood. There, amidst like-minded people, we swap Pokemon trading
cards and browse the traditional book market around the renovated market hall. No
car traffic makes it a safe zone for the children. We are lucky to live in one of Barcelo-
na’s green, low-traffic superblocks, where we can escape the otherwise omnipresent
car t
raffic of the city.