barriers-to-communication powerpoint presentation for lecture use.pptx

PowerPoint presentation on the barriers of communication

1. Current Events and Social Issues 1. Is social media more harmful than beneficial to society? 2. Should the voting age be lowered to 16? 3. Is climate change the greatest threat to humanity? 4. Should schools implement mandatory mental health education? 5. Should governments provide universal basic income?

2. Education 6. Are standardized tests an effective measure of student intelligence? 7. Should college education be free for all? 8. Is online learning as effective as traditional classroom learning? 9. Should students have the right to grade their teachers? 10. Can technology truly enhance the learning experience in schools?

3. Technology and Ethic s 11. Should there be limits on artificial intelligence development? 12. Is privacy more important than national security? 1. Are video games a positive or negative influence on youth? 14. Should social media companies be held accountable for misinformation? 15. Is technology making people less social?

4. Health and Lifestyle 16. Should junk food be banned in schools? 17. Is veganism the best diet for both health and the environment? 18. Should vaccinations be mandatory for all? 19. Is the portrayal of body image in media harmful to youth? 20. Should mental health days be considered an acceptable excuse for school absence?

5. Politics and Law 21. Should countries have open borders? 22. Is democracy the best form of government? 23. Should death penalty be abolished? 24. Is civil disobedience a justified response to unjust laws? 25. Should political campaigns be publicly financed to ensure fairness?

6. Culture and Society 26. Is cultural appropriation harmful or is it a form of appreciation? 27. Can art and music influence social change? 28. Should immigration laws be more lenient? 29. Does globalization enrich or threaten local cultures? 30. Is cancel culture a form of social justice or censorship?

7. Examining Oral Communication Activities Based on F unctions of Communication and Usage of Verbal and Nonverbal Cues

8. Directions: Read each item carefully then choose the letter that corresponds to your answer. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper. 1. Which of the following shows information dissemination? a. announcing through the radio b. applauding the performers onstage c. buying groceries d. rallying for a cause 2. Which communicative function serves to inspire and influence? a. emotional expression b. motivation c. regulation and control d. social interaction 3. What communicative function is used in most people’s daily activities? a. control and regulation b. information dissemination c. motivation d. social interaction

9. 4 . What communicative function is involved when your teacher gives the coverage of the final exam? a. control and regulation b. emotional expression c. information dissemination d. motivation 5. Which of the following situations shows control and regulation as a communicative function? a. a news anchor delivering the headlines b. a policeman directing the traffic c. a young girl selling fresh flowers at the market d. boys sharing adventure stories

10. For numbers 6-15, write T if the statement is TRUE and write F if it is FALSE. 6. Accommodating visitors during town fiestas uses the social interaction function of communication. 7. Teachers motivate students by shouting at them when they are wrong. 8. A man speaking in front of the crowd with his head down looks very confident. 9. Misunderstanding may occur when there is misinterpretation of gestures. 10. Body posture is not important when a speaker wants to show confidence. 11. Facial expression can help to express a message better. 12. Emotional expression, as a function of communication, is used to influence or persuade another person to act. 13. A person’s emotional state does not affect his or her perception of a situation. 14. Students’ questions are not important to facilitate a good class discussion. 15. You can express yourself better if you choose your words well.

11. What’s New Look closely at the five pictures below. Imagine what goes on in their conversation, then, write a one or two-sentence description inside the box below each picture, describing how the people talk and the purpose of their conversation. a. b. c.. d. e.

12. Below are five boxes containing the definitions of communicative functions. Read each carefully and choose the picture from the previous page that best illustrates the function. Write the letter that corresponds to your answer inside the box . CONTROL AND REGULATION Communication functions to regulate and control the behavior of a person or group of people. SOCIAL INTERACTION Communication functions as a means to casually interact with other people. MOTIVATION Communication functions to inspire or motivate a person or people to be or do better. INFORMATION DISSEMINATION Communication functions as a way to share information or data in order to educate. EMOTIONAL EXPRESSION Communication functions as a way to connect to a person or people for the purpose of affecting them emotionally.

13. CONTENTS What is communication? Importance of communication. Barriers of communication Their remedies.

14. WHAT IS COMMUNICATION? The communication is the art of transmitting knowledge, ideas, information and thoughts from one person to another. The transfer should be such that the receiver understands the meaning and the intent of the message and give proper feedback It can be verbal or non verbal. Verbal refers to use of language and words Non-verbal refers to symbols and signs.

15. IMPORTANCE OF COMMUNICATION Necessary for planning Understanding each other Establishment of effective leadership Life-blood of an organization Basis of decision making Smooth working of organization To plan business matters To motivate Co-ordination

16. BARRIERS ? Anything that prevents information to reach its destination.

17. BARRIERS There are three levels at which communication takes place Noticing is done with the senses, and is at the physical level Understanding is at the level of intelligence Acceptance is at the emotional level Anything that hinders the process of communication at any of these levels is a barrier to communication Barriers to communication can be defined as the aspects or conditions that interfere with effective exchange of ideas or thoughts.

18. FACTORS Environmental Technological Organizational Jargons External Noise Emotions Distance Personal Interests Halo Effect Misinterpretation Fear Stress Status Chain of command Trust Issues Negative Self Image

19. CLASSIFICATION OF BARRIERS PHYSICAL BARRIERS SEMANTIC AND LANGUAGE BARRIERS SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL BARRIERS ORGANIZATIONAL BARRIERS CROSS-CULTURAL BARRIERS

20. BARRIERS OF COMMUNICATION Lack of COMMONNESS is barrier Every obstacle that stands between the sender and receiver is barrier to communication The most important thing is the message If the message is not clear enough to convey its context, it leads to misunderstandings Effective communication involves overcoming these barriers and conveying the clear message Absence of defined role of any component = Creates Barrier

21. Frequently observed barriers Physiological Psychological Cultural Language Organizational Physical

22. SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL BARRIERS

23. What is Pyschological barrier? Psychological barriers can be described as the cause of distorted communication because of human psychology problems.

24. Psychological barriers Attitude and opinions: Emotions Filtering and distortion of message Status difference In attention Closed mind Fields of experience

25. Physiological Barriers Physiological barriers may result from the receiver’s physical state. For example, a receiver with reduced hearing may not grasp to entirety of a spoken conversation especially if there is significant background noise.

26. PSYCHOLOGICAL/ATTITUDINAL BARRIER Behaviors or perceptions that prevent people from communicating effectively. It comes about as a result of problems with staff in the organization. Limitation in physical and mental ability, intelligence, understanding, pre-conceived notions, and distrusted source divides the attention and create a mechanical barrier which affects the attitude and opinion.

27. Psychological/ Attitude Barriers Attitude and opinions Emotions Inattentiveness Narrow-mindedness Distrust Poor retention skills

28. WAYS TO OVERCOME PSYCHOLOGICAL BARRIERS Emotional management. To be successful, invest in your internal growth and personal development. Have a purpose. Rise above conformity. Renew yourself. Walk your talk. Remain curious. Doubt as motivation.

29. Cultural Barriers Each culture has its own rules about proper behaviour which affect verbal and nonverbal communication. Whether one looks the other person in the eye-or not; whether one says what one means overtly or talks around the issue; how close the people stand to each other when they are talking--all of these and many more are rules of politeness which differ from culture to culture.

30.   CULTURAL BARRIER This include age, education, gender, social status, economic position, cultural background, temperament, health, popularity, religion, political belief, ethics, values, motives, assumptions, aspirations, rules/regulations, standards, priorities can separate one person from another and create a barrier.   GENDER Major influence on the way we communicate with others. When men and women work together in a group, men tend to be more assertive and self-confident. Women are more likely than men to express their emotions, to reveal how they feel about a situation

31. Cultural Barriers Values Traditions Gestures

32. WAYS TO OVERCOME CULTURAL BARRIERS Learn a few key phrases. Because clear communication is essential for effective functioning, it is necessary that each of your employees understand what your clients and customers need. Learn others  culture demand . Promote appreciation of  cultural differences . Be open to trying new things. Be accommodating

33. Language or Semantic Barriers Language barrier is a figurative phrase used primarily to indicate the difficulties faced when people who have no language in common attempt to communicate with each other. It may also be used in other contexts.

34. SEMANTIC & LANGUAGE BARRIERS Those who speak do not know Those who know do not speak - Random Japanese Guy

35. SEMANTICS What do you mean by SEMANTICS ? Why is SEMANTICS required? When does SEMANTIC BARRIER arises?

36. SIMILAR SOUNDING WORDS These words are known as Homophones Pronunciation Spelling Meaning Examples : pale/pail alter/altar buy/bye/by rain/reign

37. WORDS HAVE MULTIPLE PRONUNCIATIONS These words are known as Homographs Spelling Pronunciation Meaning Examples The bandage was wound around the wound . We must polish the Polish furniture. He could lead if he would get the lead out.

38. WORDS HAVE MULTIPLE MEANING These Words are also known as homonyms Spelling Pronunciation Meaning Examples Never desert your friends in the desert . Close the window before the bee gets too close

39. DENOTATIONS AND CONNOTATIONS Denotation: The literal meaning of a word Connotaions : The emotions and associations connected to a word Favourable Connotation : 'honest', 'noble', 'sincere’ Unfavourable Connotation : 'cowardly', 'slow', 'incompetent‘ Examples: They gave us cheap stuff. At this shop, they sell things cheap

40. LANGUAGE BARRIERS Different Languages No Clarity in Speech

41. ORGANI Z ATIONAL BARRIERS

42. Organizational barriers Loss or distortion of messages as they pass from one level to another Filtering of information according to one’s understanding/interpretation Messages not read completely or not understood correctly Deliberate withholding of information from peers perceived as rivals Information gap if upper level does not know the true state of affairs

43. Lack of communication policy Authoritarian attitude of management Poorly Defined Authority and Responsibility Too Many Levels in Organization Structure Insufficient Communication Training

44. Overcoming Communication Barriers Individual Skills Active listening Select the appropriate channel for the message Make a special effort to understand each other's perspective Managers should practice MBWA.

45. Overcoming Communication Barriers Organizational Actions Create a climate of trust and openness Develop and use formal information channels in all directions Encourage the use of multiple channels including formal and informal communications The organizational structure should fit communication needs.

46. LANGUAGE BARRIERS Using Jargons Not being specific

47. OTHER COMMON BARRIERS TO EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION The use of jargon.  Over-complicated, unfamiliar and/or technical terms. Taboos.  Some people may find it difficult to express their emotions and some topics may be completely 'off-limits' or taboo. Taboo or difficult topics may include, but are not limited to, politics, religion, disabilities (mental and physical), sexuality and sex, racism and any opinion that may be seen as unpopular. Physical disabilities such as hearing problems or speech difficulties. Physical barriers to non-verbal communication.  Not being able to see the non-verbal cues, gestures, posture and general body language can make communication less effective. Phone calls, text messages and other communication methods that rely on technology are often less effective than face-to-face communication.

48.  STRESS/ORGANIZATIONAL BARRIER One of the major communication barriers faced by employees in most of the organization is stress. When a person is under immense stress, he may find it difficult to understand the message, leading to communication distortion. At the time of stress, our psychological frame of mind depends on our beliefs, experiences, goals and values. Thus, we fail to realize the essence of communication.

49. WAYS TO OVERCOME ORGANIZATIONAL BARRIERS Employee orientation Improving interpersonal relations Empathetic listening Using proper language Communication through actions Seek feedback

50. PHYSICAL BARRIERS

51. PHYSICAL BARRIERS Communication does not consist of words alone Another set of barriers is caused by your own physical appearance, your audience, time, place, space, climate, noise, choice of medium or the context of the document or the presentation.  Your ideas, however good and however skillfully imparted, are at the mercy of these various potential physical barriers.

52. Physical Barriers

53. Faulty Organizational Structure Large working area Closed office doors Separate areas for people of different status It forbids team member from effective interaction with each other .

54. Noise Physical noise (outside disturbance) Psychological noise (inattentiveness) Written noise (bad handwriting/typing) Visual noise (late arrival of employees )

55. External Noises are the sight, sound and other stimuli that draw people’s attention away from intended meaning. Examples: 1. noise from vehicles 2. singing at the neighborhood 3. visual aids in front of the classroom 4. the barking of the dog 5. the sound of airplane

56. Internal noises are the thoughts and feelings that interfere with meaning. Examples: 1. confrontation with a friend 2. fear of speaking in front of the class. 3. racial prejudice

57. Semantic noises are the alternate meanings aroused by a speaker’s symbols. This idea means that a word may have another meaning in the minds of the students. This is affected by the language in which they use and the culture they have. Examples: 1. incorrect grammar 2. excessive technical jargon 3. idiomatic expressions

58. Time and Distance Improper Time Defects in Medium of communication Network Facilities Mechanical Breakdowns

59. Information Overload Piling up of tasks due to improper time management. Excess number of people assigned for same task Work overload/Information duplication.

60. WAYS TO OVERCOME PHYSICAL BARRIERS Appropriate seating arrangement Ensure visibility and audiability Environmental comfort Minimise visual or oral distractions Proper time and space

61. Activity 1 : Identify the kind of communication barrier exemplified in the following statements. Tell whether it is Physiological, Psychological, Cultural, or Linguistic Barrier. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper. What’s More ________ 1. Trisha lacks confidence in her speech delivery. ________ 2. There are two types of meaning, the connotative and denotative. ________ 3. Reysa and Ardy cannot understand each other because of the noise of the construction site. ________ 4. Filipino and Americans are two different races. This m ay lead to misunderstanding. ________ 5. Maryjoy hardly sees the presentation because of the poor lighting in the room.

62. Activity 1 : Identify the kind of communication barrier exemplified in the following statements. Tell whether it is Physiological, Psychological, Cultural, or Linguistic Barrier. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper. What’s More ________ 6. The grade 11 students are no longer interested to listen in the topic during the seminar. _________7. Different views and opinions . _________8. Tim used idiomatic expression in delivering his speech, thus some of his audiences did not understand the message. ________ 9. The audience may lead to information over-load if the speaker continuously discusses for almost 8 hours. _______10. Andy got frustrated on the disapproval of her research proposal.

63. Activity 1 : Identify the kind of communication barrier exemplified in the following statements. Tell whether it is Physiological, Psychological, Cultural, or Linguistic Barrier. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper. What’s More ________ 6. The grade 11 students are no longer interested to listen in the topic during the seminar. _________7. Different views and opinions . _________8. Tim used idiomatic expression in delivering his speech, thus some of his audiences did not understand the message. ________ 9. The audience may lead to information over-load if the speaker continuously discusses for almost 8 hours. _______10. Andy got frustrated on the disapproval of her research proposal.

64. Activity 1 : Identify the kind of communication barrier exemplified in the following statements. Tell whether it is Physiological, Psychological, Cultural, or Linguistic Barrier. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper. What’s More ________ 6. The grade 11 students are no longer interested to listen in the topic during the seminar. _________7. Different views and opinions . _________8. Tim used idiomatic expression in delivering his speech, thus some of his audiences did not understand the message. ________ 9. The audience may lead to information over-load if the speaker continuously discusses for almost 8 hours. _______10. Andy got frustrated on the disapproval of her research proposal.

65. Explain why there is communication breakdown on the given situations. Again, write your answers on a separate sheet of paper. Activity 2 1. Jay and Michelle started talking about their plans for Christmas Vacation when their classmate, Moy, interrupted them. ______________________________________________ 2. “Mama, I will buy this cake for you. I am very sure that you will like its taste. It’s the best seller in this store!” ______________________________________________ 3. You spent the night thinking and analyzing why a student from another class talked to you on your way home. ______________________________________________

66. Explain why there is communication breakdown on the given situations. Again, write your answers on a separate sheet of paper. Activity 2 4. Livy encounters a participant who is very eager to share with others her views and opinions. She does this without asking permission. ______________________________________________ 5. In some Asian countries, direct eye contact is considered disrespectful and rude. In others, it is a must. ______________________________________________

67. Explain why there is communication breakdown on the given situations. Again, write your answers on a separate sheet of paper. Activity 2 4. Livy encounters a participant who is very eager to share with others her views and opinions. She does this without asking permission. ______________________________________________ 5. In some Asian countries, direct eye contact is considered disrespectful and rude. In others, it is a must. ______________________________________________

68. Assignment: Answer the following questions. Write your answers on the separate sheet of paper. What I Have Learned 1. What is communication breakdown? ___________________________________________________ 2. What are the barriers to communication? ___________________________________________________ 3. Why does breakdown of communication occur? ___________________________________________________

69. Being Specific

70. Ensure Proper Feedback

71. Be a good listener

72. Clarify ideas before communication The person sending the communication should be very clear in his mind about what he wants to say. He should know the objective of his message and, therefore, he should arrange his thoughts in a proper order.

73. Reduction and elimination of noise levels Noise is the main communication barrier which must be overcome on priority basis. It is essential to identify the source of noise and then eliminate that source. Volume kam kar -- 

74. Mutual Trust

75. Made By: Avegail A. Constantino Thanks to our teacher and colleagues