Basic characteristics of mental retardation of child

Disabilities, NET, SET, MA in Education.

1. Title of presentation on Basic Characteristics and preventive of Meatal Retardation JITENDRANATH GORAI B.ED & M.ED (NET) Research Scholar Central university of Gujarat

2. Abstract In our recent education system need to very much important to understand Mental condition of a child. When we understand the mental ability of a child then it will very effective for gaining education proper ways through mental retardation we can easily identify child ability for learning, and growth and development. In this presentation I explain basic characterises of mental retardation and preventive of mental retardation. Keywords: Education, mental Retardation, characterise ,Preventive, learning.

3. Introduction Definition Characteristics of mental Retardation Causes of mental Retardation Preventive Conclusion References

4. Mental retardation is one of most common chronic neurologic disability of childhood. Mental retardation affects about 1-3 percentage of population. Majority of cases are idiopathic. Most common in lower socioeconomic groups. Most common child mental retardation 75-90 percentage after goes unrecognized.

5. ‘Mental deficiency Act’- “Mental defectiveness as a condition of arrested or incomplete development of mind existing before the age of 18 years, whether arising from inherent causes or induced by disease or injury.”

6. Characteristics of mental retardation children:- Cognitive Characteristics :- Memory power is very limited. Ambiguity in pronunciation . They can’t remember much information . Physical Characteristics :- The shape of the head is unusual , small or large. Slow down when sitting, walking .

7. Behavioral Characteristics : - Don’t do your own thing . The tendency to say the same thing over and over again . Cannot master social behavior.

8. Causes of mental retardation:- Causes of infection:- This type of obstruction is seen in the baby if the mother is infected with any type of infection during the prenatal period, If there is an infection during the mother’s pregnancy, then there is a mental disability.

9. Heterogeneity of mother and baby blood class:- This type of heterogeneity can sometimes lead to fetal death. Mental disability of the baby after birth may be cause… (A) ABO Heterogeneity. (B) RH Heterogeneity.

10. Brain disease:- Hereditary problems can lead to special defects in brain .If there are different tumors in the brain, normal work is used in the brain.

11. Rubella infection:- Rubella is a type of viral infection. After birth, the disease spreads through the blood, metabolic lighting, clothing etc. An infected person to another person . Chromosome abnormalities:- The chromosome is the bearer and carrier of heredity. Different traits of father and mother are carried in the next off spring through the genes of certain diseases.

12. Pre-natal causes:- Post –natal causes:- If the mother is older . If the mother takes more drugs . If you give birth to more children . If the baby does not cry for 5 minutes after birth . If the child has jaundice . If the child is malnourished.

13. Reasons for pregnancy:- If the mother has high blood pressure . The mother suffer from mental depression . Injury of pregnancy

14. Preventives:- Primary level:- Get the mother checked regularly during pregnancy. Talking proper medicine and vaccination during pregnancy on the advice of a doctor . Do not take any drugs alcohol, tobacco during pregnancy . Take care during pregnancy to prevent any kind of infection . Arranging delivery in suitable light, air, place.

15. Birth care:- Where ever the baby is born at home or in the hospital, delivery must be done with the help of an experienced doctor or nurse . If a child is diagnosed with the disease after birth ,he should see a doctor immediately as he does not rely on way alternative system.

16. Secondary level:- Extreme care should be taken in case of underweight and in nature children . Psychiatric treatment for emotional and behavioral difficulties .

17. Tertiary prevention:- This includes rehabilitation in vocational , physical and social areas according to the level of challenged . Rehabilitation is aimed at reducing disability and providing optimal function in a child with mental retardation.

18. At the last part we are concluded that teaching learning process will be organised and understanding based. Need to understanding children mental condition and capabilities of thinking abilities then this teaching learning process will fulfil our basic goal of education. Through the proper process of caring of children , health care, basic needs of children, suitable environment of family as well as society, nutation etc. play the essential role of mental retardation children. Right of children free and compulsory education (RTE-2009) already said for this concept, not only this but also article- 23, article- 21A, NPE-1968,1986, 2020, DPEP-1985, PwD Act- 1995, RPwD-2016  all have recommended for the inclusive education of the children who suffer from Mental disabilities children.  

19. References:- Website sources:- https://pediatrics.emory.education https://www.gogole.com/images? Book source:- Education of children with special needs (Dr . D ebnath bebebrata and Sri Ashis Kumar)