Basic Life Support for nursing students.ppt

By nasir khan

1. European Resuscitation Council
•ADULT
•BASIC LIFE SUPPORT
•(BLS)
•Modified by:
Nasir khan BS health Technologist and
Respiratory Therapist
Lecturer at LCCN & AHS Peshawar

2. European Resuscitation Council
OBJECTIVES
Students should be able to demonstrate:
–How to assess the collapsed victim
–How to perform chest compression and
rescue breathing
–How to place an unconscious breathing
victim in the recovery position.

3. European Resuscitation Council
•BLS (Basic life support).
•Def.. It is a level of medical care which is
used for victims of life threatening illness
or injuries until full medical care Available.

4. European Resuscitation Council
BACKGROUND
•Approximately 700,000cardiac arrests per year
in Europe
•Survival to hospital discharge presently
approximately 5-10%
•Bystander CPR vital intervention before arrival of
emergency services –double or triplesurvival
from SCA (sudden cardiac arrest)
•Early resuscitation and prompt defibrillation
(within 1-2 minutes) can result in >60%survival

5. European Resuscitation Council
Vision;Save Human Life
Mission; Timely, professionally and
scientifically responding to any
emergency with no discrimination

6. European Resuscitation Council
Patients Assessment plan
•Identify the major problem and then gives first
aid .
•Scene size up; make safe environment for your
own self.
•Number of patients
•Mechanism of injuries or nature of illness
•Resource determination
•Standard precaution
•Where is it going?
•How do I control it.

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Initial Assessment
•A____Airway
•B____Breathing
•C____Circulation
•D____disability
•E____Exposure

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Physical examination
•BP__DOC
•B__bleeding
•P__pain
•D__deformity
•O__open wound
•C__Crepitus

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BASIC LIFE SUPPORT
•AIR WAY
•BREATHING
•CIRCULATION
(CAB)

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CHAIN OF SURVIVAL

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BASIC LIFE SUPPORT
SEQUENCES OF PROCEDURES PERFORMED TO RESTORE
THE CIRCULATION OF OXYGENATED BLOOD AFTER A
SUDDEN PULMONARY AND/OR CARDIAC ARREST
CHEST COMPRESSIONS AND PULMONARY VENTILATION
PERFORMED BY ANYONEWHO KNOWS HOW TO DO IT,
ANYWHERE, IMMEDIATELY, WITHOUT ANY OTHER
EQUIPMENT
Protective devices

12. European Resuscitation Council
Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
Open airway
Check breathing
Call 1122
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths

13. European Resuscitation Council
APPROACH SAFELY!
Scene
Rescuer
Victim
Bystanders
(a person who
is present at
an event or
incident but
does not take
part)
Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
Open airway
Check breathing
Call 112
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths

14. European Resuscitation Council
CHECK RESPONSE
Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
Open airway
Check breathing
Call 112
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths

15. European Resuscitation Council
Shake shoulders gently
Ask “Are you all right?”
If he responds
•Leave as you find him.
•Find out what is wrong.
•Reassess regularly.
•If not then Access carotid
pulsation for 10 seconds.
CHECK RESPONSE

16. European Resuscitation Council
SHOUT FOR HELP
Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
Open airway
Check breathing
Call 112
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths

17. European Resuscitation Council
OPEN AIRWAY
Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
Open airway
Check breathing
Call 112
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths

18. European Resuscitation Council
OPEN AIRWAY
Head tilt and chin lift
-lay rescuers
-non-healthcare rescuers
No need for finger sweep
unless solid material can be seen
in the airway

19. European Resuscitation Council
OPEN AIRWAY
Head tilt, chin lift + jaw thrust
-healthcare professionals

20. European Resuscitation Council
CHECK BREATHING
Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
Open airway
Check breathing
Call 112
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths

21. European Resuscitation Council
CHECK BREATHING
•Look, listen and feel
for NORMAL
breathing
•Do not confuse
agonal breathing with
NORMAL breathing

22. European Resuscitation Council
AGONAL BREATHING
•Occurs shortly after the heart stops
in up to 40% of cardiac arrests
•Described as barely, heavy, noisy or
gasping breathing
•Recognise as a sign of cardiac arrest
Erroneous information can result in withholding CPR from cardiac arrest victim

23. European Resuscitation Council
Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
Open airway
Check breathing
Call 1122
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths

24. European Resuscitation Council
30 CHEST COMPRESSIONS
Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
Open airway
Check breathing
Call 112
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths

25. European Resuscitation Council
•Place the heel of one hand in
the centre of the chest
•Place other hand on top
•Interlock fingers
•Compress the chest
–Rate 100 min
-1
–Depth 4-5 cm
–Equal compression : relaxation
•When possible change CPR
operator every 2 min
CHEST COMPRESSIONS

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RESCUE BREATHS
Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
Open airway
Check breathing
Call 112
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths

27. European Resuscitation Council
RESCUE BREATHS
•Pinch the nose
•Take a normal breath
•Place lips over mouth
•Blow until the chest
rises
•Take about 1 second
•Allow chest to fall
•Repeat

28. European Resuscitation Council
RESCUE BREATHS
RECOMMENDATIONS :
-Tidal volume
500 –600 ml
-Respiratory rate
give each breaths over about 1s with enough
volume to make the victim’s chest rise

29. European Resuscitation Council
CONTINUE CPR
30 2

30. European Resuscitation Council
Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
Open airway
Check breathing
Call 112
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths

31. European Resuscitation Council
IF VICTIM STARTS TO
BREATHE NORMALLY PLACE
IN RECOVERY POSITION

32. European Resuscitation Council

33. European Resuscitation Council
CONTINUE RESUSCITATION UNTIL
–Qualified help arrives and takes over
–The victim starts breathing normally
–Rescuer becomes exhausted

34. European Resuscitation Council
When can I stop CPR?
•When victim revives
•Trained Emergency rescue team arrives
•To exhaust to continue
•Unsafe scene
•Physician directed do not resuscitate
more.
•Cardiac arrest longer than 10 mint.
(Controversial)

35. European Resuscitation Council
Why CPR MAY FAIL
•Delay in recognition of cardiac arrest
•Delay in starting CPR
•More interruption during CPR
•Slow rate of chest compression &
inadequate depth & recoil during
compression.
•No ACLS follow up & delay in fibrillation.
•Lack of human resources with instruments
& gadgets.

36. European Resuscitation Council
Injuries Related To CPR
•Rib fracture
•By providing effective CPR Laceration &
rupture of various viscera's can also occur
e.g
Liver, lung, spleen, Diaphragm, Large
blood vessels.

37. European Resuscitation Council
ANY QUESTION?