bed sore (pressure ulcers).pptx

This presentation is about pressure ulcers commonly known as bed sores.
This presentation is for any individual specifically for those related to medical studies like teachers students or trainers it contains some information about the diagnosis, treatment and recovery of these ulcers.

1. Bed sore( pressure ulcers) By: Said Elyas Sadat

2. What you need to know: It can develop if a person spends a long time in the same position They form due to lasting pressure on specific areas of the body Diagnosis: Doctor will look closely at your skin to decide if you have a bedsore and if so to assign a stage to the wound Staging helps determine what treatment is best for you

3. Treatment Treating pressure ulcers involves: Reducing pressure on the affected skin Caring for wounds Controlling pain Preventing infection Maintaining good nutrition

4. Reducing pressure The first step in treating a bedsore is reducing the pressure and friction that caused it Strategies include: Repositioning:- turn and change your position often How often you reposition depends on your condition and the quality of the surface you are on

5. Using support surfaces Use a mattress, bed, pillow and special cushions that help you sit or lie in a way that protects vulnerable skin

6. Cleaning and dressing wounds Care for pressure ulcers depends on how deep the wound is It includes the following: Cleaning:- If the affected skin is not broken Wash it with gentle cleanser and pat dry Clean open sores with water or a saltwater (saline) solution each time the dressing is changed. Putting on a bandage.  A bandage speeds healing by keeping the wound moist. It also creates a barrier against infection and keeps skin around it dry. Bandage choices include films, gauzes, gels, foams and treated coverings. You might need a combination of dressings.

7. Removing damaged tissue To heal properly, wounds need to be free of damaged, dead or infected tissue. The doctor or nurse may remove damaged tissue (debride) by gently flushing the wound with water or cutting out damaged tissue.

8. Drugs to control pain.  Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs — such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) and naproxen sodium (Aleve) — might reduce pain. These can be very helpful before or after repositioning and wound care. Topical pain medications also can be helpful during wound care. A healthy diet.  Good nutrition promotes wound healing.

9. Surgery A large bedsore that fails to heal might require surgery. One method of surgical repair is to use a pad of your muscle, skin or other tissue to cover the wound and cushion the affected bone (flap surgery).

10. Signs and symptoms Color changes: darken skin may become bluish, purple or shiny Light skin may turn pink, red or it may darken If dis coloration does not disappear after removing the pressure for 10—30 minutes, this may indicate that a sore is forming

11. Continue….. 2. Texture changes : The area may feel hard or spongy and warm 3. Broken skin : there may be a shallow open open sore with fluid or pus in it The wound may extend into the deeper layers of tissu 4. Infection: Signs include a change in color or more pus green or black tissue around the sore and a fever

12. Stages

13. Four stages:- The skin feels warm to the touch. There may be a color change, such as redness, and the area may be itchy, the skin is an broken but inflamed. A painful open sore or blister develops, with discolored skin around it, skin is broken to epidermis or dermis The lesion develops a crater-like appearance, due to tissue damage below the skin’s surface, ulcer extends to subcutaneous fat layer There is severe damage to the skin and tissue, possibly with an infection. The muscles, bones, and tendons may be visible, ulcer extends to muscle or bone

14. Common locations Sores form in areas of pressure speacialy in bony areas. A person who spends a lot of time sitting may develop sores on the: Buttocks and tailbone Spine Shoulder blades backs of the arms or legs A person in bed may develop sores on the: ankles heels shoulders tailbone elbows back of the head

15. First Aids Relive the pressure by placing protections ( foams,pads or pillows ….etc) Clean the wound: Gently wash very minor sores with water and mild soap Clean open sores with saline solution with each change of dressing Apply dressings: T hese protect wound and accelerate healing Use topical creams: Antibacterial creams can help combat an infection and barrier creams can protect damaged skin or tissue Address incontinence Have dead tissue removed

16. Continue….. Take any required antibiotics Review bedding: use some mattresses, such as dynamic varieties Keep the skin clean and dry Encourage to exercise for blood flow to the infected area. Change positions frequently between every 15 minutes to every 2 hours depending on a person’s need

17. References Hopkinsmedicin.org Pressure ulcers. Merck Manual Professional Version. AskMayoExpert. Pressure injury. Mayo Clinic; 2019.