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1. MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management Management Concepts and Applications Definition and meaning of Management Characteristics of Management Management as Art and Science Scope of Management Scientific Management Approach by F.W. Taylor Principles of Management by Henry Fayol Levels of management Skills and Functions of Manager Unit I- Content Management?

2. Management Concepts and Applications MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management What is Management? Management is the process of organizing and coordinating resources to achieve a specific goal or objective. It involves planning, leading, and controlling resources, such as people, finances, and technology. Defining Management Management is the process of coordinating resources such as people, money and materials to achieve organizational goals effectively and efficiently. Management can be defined in different ways, depending on the context and the goals of the organization. Some definitions focus on tasks and processes, while others emphasize people and relationships.

3. Management Concepts and Applications MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management Why is Management important? Effective management is essential for the success of any organization. It helps to achieve goals by optimizing resources, improving efficiency, and providing direction to employees. Good management creates a positive work environment and promotes innovation and growth . Effective management involves planning, organizing, directing and controlling activities to achieve specific goals. Functions of Management Collaborative Effort It's a collaborative effort where individuals work together to achieve a common goal.

4. Management Concepts and Applications MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management Harold Koontz and Heinz Weihrich defined management as “The process of designing and maintaining an environment in which individuals, working together in groups, efficiently accomplish selected aims.” Louis E. Boone and David L. Kurtz defined management as “The use of people and other resources to accomplish objectives.” Mary Parker Follet termed management as “The act of getting things done through people.” Definition of Management

5. MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management Management Concepts and Applications Objectives of Management 1. Proper utilization of resources Men, Material, Money, Machines 2. Improving Performance 3. Motivating best talent 4. Planning for future Importance of Management Achievement of group objectives Effective utilization of resources Minimizing Cost and maximizing profits Meet the challenges of Change Development of Change Development Of resources Problem solving and innovations Coordination and meeting social obligations Smooth running of businesses

6. Management Concepts and Applications MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management Characteristics of Effective Management Universal: Every organization irrespective of their financial position requires management to manage their activities, thus it is universal in nature. Goal Oriented: Management helps the organization achieve goals systematically and without any fuss.  Continuous Process: Management is an ongoing process which is required in every facet of an organization to function good, be it production system, human resource, finance or marketing. Multi-dimensional: Management not only manages the workforce but also manages every sphere of the organization whether it is production, human resource.  Group Activity: The groups in an organization work together also the members in different groups work in a system, they belong to different backgrounds, culture and they have different aspirations, to work evenly without any difference issue they need to adopt the management. Dynamic Function: Business environments have different factors like social, political, legal, technological and economical, with these factors in force an organization is open to changes frequently, with management in their system they can apprehend the changes and work towards responding to it. Intangible Force: Management cannot be touched or seen, its effect can only be experienced, and the benefit can only be enjoyed.

7. Management Concepts and Applications MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management Management – Art or Science: How does science operate Formulation of problem Creating a theory to solve the problem Formulation of Assumption Testing assumptions in different conditions Final confirmation of theory Management is a halfway science. It has fixed principles, logical explanation but it changes in different context, across different culture, person to person and organization to organization as well. Science a) Advances with Knowledge b) Proves c) Predicts d) Defines Art a) Advances by practice b) Feels c) Guesses d) Describes

8. Management Concepts and Applications MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management Management as a Science: Systematic Approach: Management involves the use of systematic and structured approaches to plan, organize, and control organizational activities. It draws on principles, theories, and models that have been developed through research and empirical evidence. Quantitative Techniques: Many aspects of management, particularly in areas such as operations, finance, and marketing, rely on quantitative techniques and data analysis. Tools like statistical analysis, forecasting, and financial modeling contribute to informed decision-making. Predictability: Scientific management techniques allow for predicting outcomes based on established processes and data. By applying standardized methods, managers can anticipate results and make informed choices. Efficiency and Replicability: Scientific management aims to identify the most efficient methods for achieving desired outcomes. These methods can be replicated across different scenarios for consistent results.

9. Management Concepts and Applications MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management Management as an Art: Creativity and Innovation: Successful management often requires creative problem-solving and innovative thinking. Human Element: Managing people is a significant aspect of management, and it involves understanding individual motivations, emotions, and behaviors. Decision-Making: Managers frequently face situations with incomplete information and ambiguity. Making decisions in such contexts involves a blend of experience, judgment, and intuition, an artistic aspect of management. Flexibility and Adaptability: Artful management involves the ability to adapt to changing circumstances, unforeseen challenges, and unexpected opportunities. Flexibility is essential when dealing with the dynamic nature of organizations. Leadership and Communication: The art of management includes effective leadership skills, the ability to inspire and motivate teams, and adept communication to convey ideas, expectations, and feedback. Contextual Understanding: Successful management requires an understanding of the unique organizational culture, industry dynamics, and external factors. This contextual awareness helps managers tailor their approaches to fit the specific situation.

10. Management Concepts and Applications MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management KEY ASPECTS OF THE MANAGEMENT PROCESS

11. Functions of Management 1 Planning Setting goals, determining resources, and establishing strategies. 2 Organizing Assigning tasks, delegating responsibilities, and coordinating resources. 3 Leading Inspiring, directing, guiding, and supporting teams to achieve objectives. 4 Controlling Monitoring performance, measuring results, and making necessary adjustments. Management Concepts and Applications MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management

12. Management Concepts and Applications MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management FUNCTIONS OF MANAGER

13. Management Concepts and Applications MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management

14. Management Concepts and Applications MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management Scope of Management: 1. Financial Management 2. Marketing Management 3. Personnel Management 4. Purchasing Management 5. Production Management 6. Transport Management 7. Distribution Management 8. Office Management 9. Development Management

15. The Beginnings of the Scientific Management Approach In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, advancements in technology and industrial processes led businesses to seek ways to increase productivity and efficiency. One approach that emerged was the Scientific Management Approach. Management Concepts and Applications MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management

16. Background of F.W. Taylor Early Life F.W. Taylor was born in 1856 in Pennsylvania and studied mechanical engineering. Experience He started his career as a machine shop laborer and quickly rose to become a chief engineer and then a consultant. Key Works Taylor is best known for his books "Shop Management" and "The Principles of Scientific Management." Legacy Taylor's methods continue to influence modern management practices, including decision-making processes and employee training. Management Concepts and Applications MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management

17. Four Principles of Scientific Management 1 Science, Not Rule of Thumb Develop a scientific, repeatable approach to tasks instead of relying on previous experience or intuition. 2 Harmony, Not Discord Encourage cooperation between workers and management to achieve goals. 3 Division of Work Divide large tasks into smaller ones, allowing for more efficient work processes and specialization. 4 Fair and Equal Pay Incentivize workers with pay and benefits to increase motivation and encourage productivity. Management Concepts and Applications MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management

18. One Best Way and Time and Motion Study One Best Way The concept that there exists one optimal way to perform any given task, and it is management's job to find and implement it. Time and Motion Study The systematic analysis of job tasks to identify inefficiencies and improve productivity. Management Concepts and Applications MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management

19. Implementing Scientific Management in the Workplace 1 Training Provide employees with the necessary training to be successful at their job tasks. 2 Standardization Develop a standardized approach to tasks and procedures to improve efficiency and reduce waste. 3 Performance Reviews Regularly assess employee performance and provide feedback for improvement. Management Concepts and Applications MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management

20. Management Concepts and Applications MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management

21. Criticism of Scientific Management Approach Dehumanization Workers may feel like cogs in a machine, leading to job dissatisfaction. Over-Simplification Tasks may be overly simplified, leading to less creativity and innovation. Lack of Flexibility Standardized procedures can become outdated quickly and may not account for individual employee needs or talents. Management Concepts and Applications MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management

22. Conclusion and Relevance of Scientific Management Approach Today Benefits Scientific Management Approach has led to streamlined and efficient workflows that have increased productivity and profits for businesses. Future Implementation The principles of Scientific Management Approach will continue to be relevant as businesses seek new ways to optimize and improve their processes, especially as automation and AI technologies become more prevalent. Management Concepts and Applications MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management

23. Management Concepts and Applications He was a visionary leader who transformed the field of management with his principles. Henry Fayol: Revolutionizing Management MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management Learn about the life and achievements of Henry Fayol, a renowned French mining engineer and the father of modern management theory.

24. Henry Fayol, born in 1841, was a French mining engineer turned management theorist. He made significant contributions to the field of management, establishing principles that are still relevant today. Background Early Life Fayol was born into a middle-class family in Istanbul, Turkey. His father was a French engineer working for a mining company. Education & Early Career Fayol studied mining engineering at the National School of Mines in Saint-Etienne, France. He joined a mining company, where he rose through the ranks to become the general manager.

25. Management Concepts and Applications MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management

26. Principle 1: Division of Work Definition and Explanation Explore the concept of division of work that involves breaking down tasks into specialized roles to increase efficiency and productivity. Benefits and Importance Discover the benefits of division of work, such as improved skill development, enhanced coordination, and faster completion of tasks. MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management Management Concepts and Applications Principle : Tasks should be divided into smaller, specialized tasks to increase efficiency. Example : In a car manufacturing plant, different workers are responsible for tasks like welding, painting, and assembling, leading to a more efficient production process

27. Principle 2: Authority and Responsibility Definition and Explanation Uncover the relationship between authority and responsibility and how they intersect in the management hierarchy. Role in Organizational Structure Learn how the effective delegation of authority and responsibility contributes to a well-functioning organizational structure. Authority means the right to give command and receive obedience from subordinates. Responsibility is when a person is accountable for the duties assigned to him. MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management Management Concepts and Applications

28. Principle 3: Discipline 1 Importance of Discipline Understand why maintaining discipline is crucial for a successful management system and how it fosters a positive work environment. 2 Methods for Maintaining Discipline Explore practical strategies and techniques utilized by managers to promote discipline within an organization. MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management Management Concepts and Applications

29. Principle 4: Unity of Command Definition and Explanation Learn about the principle of unity of command, which establishes a clear reporting structure to avoid confusion and conflicts. Advantages for Organizational Goals Discover the benefits of unity of command in ensuring effective communication, coordination, and alignment towards achieving organizational goals. MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management Management Concepts and Applications Each employee should have only one boss, from whom he/she gets the orders/ instructions and is accountable to.

30. Principle 5: Unity of Direction 1 Explanation of Unity of Direction Explore how the principle of unity of direction aligns all organizational efforts towards a common purpose and strategic objectives. 2 Alignment of Organizational Efforts Understand how unity of direction facilitates effective communication and coordination across departments and teams. MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management Management Concepts and Applications

31. Principle 6: Subordination of Individual Interests to General Interest 1 Understanding the Concept Learn about the importance of prioritizing the collective interests of the organization over individual ambitions for sustainable success. 2 Advantages of Prioritizing General Interest Discover how subordination of individual interests fosters teamwork, collaboration, and a sense of unity within the organization. MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management Management Concepts and Applications The Organization’s interest is given more precedence over an interest of the individual employee.

32. Principle 7: Remuneration The Role of Remuneration Explore the significance of fair and competitive remuneration in motivating employees and promoting job satisfaction. Relationship with Performance Understand the link between remuneration and performance and its impact on employee engagement and organizational outcomes. MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management Management Concepts and Applications

33. Centralization is when the top level retains the authority. Decentralization is when delegation of authority at all levels. Explore the advantages and disadvantages of centralization in decision-making within an organization. Discover the benefits and drawbacks of centralization in decision-making processes, and how it impacts the organization's efficiency and effectiveness. Principle 8: Centralization MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management Management Concepts and Applications

34. Principle 9: Scalar Chain Discover the hierarchical order of authority and communication channels within an organization. MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management A chain of authority and communication must exist that flows from highest to lowest level to avoid chaos and delays. Learn about the importance of a clear hierarchical structure and communication channels within an organization, ensuring a smooth flow of information and efficient decision-making. Management Concepts and Applications Learn the importance of a well-defined organizational structure and its impact on overall productivity. Explore how organizing resources and processes in a systematic manner leads to increased efficiency, productivity, and overall success of the organization. There must be proper place of everything/ everyone and everything/ everyone at its/ his (her) intended place. Principle 10: Order

35. Fayol's Principles: A Path to Organizational Success Continuing our exploration of Fayol's principles, we examine more facets that contribute to a thriving and prosperous organization. Understand how fairness and impartiality play a key role in fostering employee satisfaction and loyalty. Kind, just and fair behaviour of managers towards workers, creates a friendly atmosphere between superior and subordinates. Principle 12: Stability of Tenure Discover the benefits of providing employees with stable roles and its positive impact on organizational success. Employee turnover should be reduced to ensure effectiveness and efficiency. MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management Principle 11: Equity

36. Espirit the corps, a French word , which means team spirit. Discover the value of fostering team spirit, cooperation, and a sense of belonging among employees, resulting in a positive work environment and increased productivity. Encourage and harness employee initiative and creativity to drive innovation and sustainable growth. Employee need to be motivated to put forward their ideas or suggestion and execute them. Management Concepts and Applications MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management Principle 14: Espirit de corps Principle 13: I nitiative

37. Management Concepts and Applications MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management LEVELS OF MANAGEMENT President and CEO Manager Marketing Manager HR   Manager Finance   Executive Marketing Executive HR Executive Finance TOP LEVEL MIDDLE LEVEL SUPERVISORY LEVEL

38. Levels of Management Management is organized into three levels: top-level, middle-level, and lower-level management. Each level has distinct responsibilities and requires different skills and knowledge. Top-level management Responsible for strategic planning, overall decision making, and representing the organization to stakeholders. Middle-level management Coordinates functional areas, implements policies, and supervises lower-level managers. Lower-level management Directly supervises employees, carries out operational plans, and ensures work is done according to standards. Management Concepts and Applications MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management

39. Management Concepts and Applications MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management Functions and Skills of Manager

40. Management Concepts and Applications MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management Managers The people responsible for supervising the use of an organization’s resources to meet its goals. Someone who works with and through other people by coordinating and integrating their work activities in order to accomplish organizational goals.

41. Management Concepts and Applications MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management Planning: The first function of the Manager is planning. It is also the foremost and the essential function. Planning equips the Manager mentally to meet his tasks. To plan for the organization the Manager should first understand the culture and creed of the Organization, what it stands for what are its objectives. The Manager should study the resources available within the organization, as also the strength and weakness of the Organization. In the next phase the Manager should perceive the environment outside the organization and assess correctly the opportunities it provides and the challenges it poses. Planning involves selecting missions and objectives and the actions to achieve them. It also consists of policies, procedures, methods, budgets, strategy and programmes that are needed to achieve the goals set. Decision-making is the most important and integral part of planning

42. Management Concepts and Applications MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management Organizing: Organizing is the process of arranging and allocating work, authority, and resources among an organization’s members so that they can achieve the organization’s goals. Organizing is to give a proper shape to the structure that should execute the plan smoothly to achieve its success. It is the function of grouping together different parts forming an enterprise to carry out defined operations. Various activities to fulfill the goals have to be grouped and these are to be assigned to people in-groups or departments. The authority, responsibility, accountability needed at each level to execute the plan is to be defined and delegated .

43. Management Concepts and Applications MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management Staffing: The staffing function involves identifying/selecting the right person for executing each task planned. The staffing function includes all the jobs connected with recruitment, selection, training, placement, remuneration appraisal, promotion, career planning of the human resources in the organization to accomplish the task effectively and efficiently

44. Management Concepts and Applications MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management Directing: It is the duty of the Manager to guide his subordinates by training coaching, instructing and indicating what to do, when to do and how to do. Thereafter closely monitor the team at work to ensure high standard and efficiency. Function of Directing embraces the following activities: orders and instructions supervising (overseeing) people at work motivation, i.e. creating the willingness to work for certain objectives, communication, i.e. establishing understanding with employees regarding plans and their implementation, and leadership or influencing the behavior of employees

45. Management Concepts and Applications MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management Controlling: Controlling is the process of ensuring that actual activities conform to the planned activities The process of controlling involves the following steps: establishing standards for measuring work performance measurement of actual performance and comparing it with the standards finding variances between the two and see the reasons therefore taking corrective action for rectifying deviations so as to ensure attainment of objectives It helps the manager to keep the organization on track  

46. Management Concepts and Applications MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management Technical Skills Human Skills Conceptual Skills SKILLS NEEDED AT DIFFERENT MANAGEMENT LEVEL

47. Management Concepts and Applications MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management Conceptual skills Logical reasoning Judgment Analytical abilities Technical skills Specialized knowledge (Including when and how to use the skills) Interpersonal skills Sensitivity Persuasiveness Empathy

48. Management Concepts and Applications MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management Here we have completed Unit No. I

49. MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management Management Concepts and Applications

50. MBA – Sem 1 (Dr. Snehal K Tare) UNIT No. 1 Introduction to Management Management Concepts and Applications