Birth-Prenatal-Period for college topics

Birth-Prenatal-Period for college topic

1. BIRTH AND PRENATAL PERIOD

2. Learning Objectives At the end of the session, students should be able to: 1. Describe briefly the three stages of birth; 2. Categorize the baby's normalcy upon birth based on the Apgar scoring system; and 3. Analyze the different birthing methods discussed in this lesson.

3. Childbirth often referred to as labor.

4. The Birth Process When the woman is about 38 weeks in her pregnancy, she will go into labor. From an environment where the unborn baby receives oxygen and nourishment from their mother through the umbilical cord, he/she will now start using his/her own lungs to take in oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide (Cole & Cole,2001)

5. Childbirth is divided into 3 stages: LABOR DELIVERY AFTERBIRTH 1 2 3

6. This stage is the longest one and is characterized by the narrowing of the uterus and the dilation of the cervical opening where the baby will pass. Labor

7. begins when the fetus starts to pass through the cervix. It takes about 50 minutes with the first birth for this stage to be completed. Delivery

8. Afterbirth lasts about 5 to 20 minutes. The new mother will continue to experience contractions to expel the placenta and the remaining umbilical cord from the uterus to the vagina.

9. The Baby At Birth It was believed that birth is a traumatic experience for the baby. New bornd produces adrenaline and non adrenaline stress hormones he/she needs to survive the stress of birth.

10. A baby carried to full term normally weights between 5 1/2 to 9/12 pounds and has a length of 12-22 inches. The baby is still covered with vermix and baby hair called lanugo. Baby’s face is covered with white yellow pimples called milia. Newborn Appearance

11. THE APGAR SCALE

12. Done at one minute and at five minutes after birth If suspected problem, baby is tested again after five minutes 7-10 score -results that baby is normal. While scores below requires immediate attention.

13. Newborn Screening Newborn can get tested for various disorders that are not evident at birth. Procedure should be done within 24-48 hours upon birth.

14. Newborn Screening When markers are found upon analysis of child's blood. Parents and physicians will be notified so that the baby can receive immediate intervention.

15. END