CAE GOLD PLUS COURSEBOOK 2008

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PLUS

Coursebook

Nick Kenny
Jacky Newbrook
Richard Acklam

Contents

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Paper 5 Speaking tasks p.178 Communication activities p.188 Grammar reference p.193

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Sones oom

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‘Singin

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too dunes
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Proposta 219.163
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Dot ap

Use of English

‘The power eg.
Gaetan pe ee

Sa pur tonte vor
CA TETE)

‘The mu ah sm
PAPE tan y

Era fous: gap sentences
Ctrl

FAT es

Ole ging open dae on 2)

am focus: key word
Yarsfomaiens (ar 5576

cae al clio modes word
{emai Par 388

nu
me
eae

‘exam focos open doe (ar 2)
Netty saps

te dog ee mor tan Pace |
‘het cen ae

Howto concerto tle ce
ove Pan Ve
pad sens a 8) 137

tem
rios
fee
En
Sige

he i of pop tue open
Dore

Yow eco en au? 116
hie
Cire

ge joe tree
en ban 1S

Coat aras mua
rs Pons pe

‘ewes, pe hice Pa 1)
HE

rc mie ce ar 1)
Pi

speaking

‘sam fous
Gare

hing cons 19

{arf pti and

Pas and 92

greg and ag nern
Croire

Guam focus eboratie |

ét (Pars aná)

voa cometen Pat 3)

3
vd ang ungen 2994

Compare ar 21999

‘Chasing an mage Pans Band.
pion
ét tog um gan 2) 8.111

Sound re 323

Anal long or 2
pie
Ro peo

Tata conversation Pat 3

Dscusin as 3 ar 4 158

ram focus ars 10170

Exam information

‘The Cambridge Certificate in Advanced English consists
of ne papers. Each paper tests a different are of abilty
In Engish and & worth 20% of he final est. À
candéates overall CAE grade is based on the ota score
‘ganed in al five papers and itis not possible to pass or
{at indhidual papers. A,B and € are pass grades. D and
ae fal grades.

Paper 1 Reading

‘The Reading paper ls hour 15 minutes and contains
fou prs with total of 34 questions tontas tes
varying legis taken from à val of resi
Sources with a range of text type and ye of writin,

For example, there may be etc rom newspapers
magazines, websites, novel and non-fiction Books, as
‘wel as material taken from brochures, leaflets and other
Short tents. Candidates have 1o answer al he questions
Part 1 Multiple choice

Part conssts of re shot tests on a theme. The texts
ate taken om dierent sources and representa range
Of ste and gene. Thee re two fouropton mule.
hic questions on each tet which test a ange of
reading and language sk. Exam focus p 20

Part 2 Gapped text

Part 2 const of one long text fom which six
paragraphs have been removed and placed in jumbled
(Order alter the text. Candidates use her knowedge of
‘ocabuan referencing and text structure 10 reconstruct
he ton Exam fous p94

Part 3 Multiple choice
Pat 3 consists of one long text. here ar seven our
‘option mutpe-<hoice questions which follow the oder
the text and testa range of reading and language
sts.» Exam focus p.132

Part 4 Multiple matching
Pat à consis of one long text which is divided into
Several sections. The texts preceded by 15 prompts
which report formation and des from the tet
Candidates must match each prompt to the correct
section of oc.» Exam focus p 56

Paper 2 Writing

The Wing paper lass 1 hour 30 minutes and is made
up of two ases In Par al candidates do the same
task which is based on input information provided on
‘the question pope ln Part 2, candidates havea choice
of task

Part 1
In Par 1, candidates read around 150 words of input
Information, which may come from various real-world
texts, and use hs information to complete a structured
ring task of 180-220 words. Marks a ads for
both the inclusion ofthe arg information language:
aby and for writing in an appropiate sl or te
given task (e, ete, report, proposal or arte

> Unit 19.19, Unit 89.101 (proposal, Unt 10 9.125
(report)

Port 2
In Part 2, candidates select one situational based task
tom a choice of five which may inde: are
competion entry essay eter, proposa, report. review,
Information sheet or a contribution to a longer piece
(6.9. book, research document, te). Maks are awarded
for content, ogantation, cohesion, range of language
and tsk achievernent. Candidats write 220-260 wort
> Unt 2 p.28 informal letter, Unt 3 p.39 information
Shea, Unit p 52 (article), Unit 5 p 64 (reference,

Uni 6 p.78 (competition ent, Unt 7 p.90 (even),
{Uni 99.113 (ompeition entry), Unit 11 p-138 are),
{Unit 12 p.1S1 (essay), Unit 130.163 proposal)

[NB Question 5 relates tothe set tent which seme
candidates may have studied

Punt 149.172

Paper 3 Use of English

Ths paper asis for one Pour and contains ive parts with
à toto of 50 questions. Candidats answer athe
questions.

The fe diferent pars area flows:

Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
TRS task fettes a text from which 12 words oe phrases
have Been removed, which 5 folowed by 12 fouropton
multpiechoce question, he focus on knowledge of
vocabulary and the relationships between words (e.
allocation, complementation, et). Exam focus
p.158

Part 2 Open cloze
Th task features à text from which 15 words have been
removed. Candidates ue te knowledge of grammar,
sentence srctue and text structure to complete the
G2es. Exam focus p.112

Part 3 Word formation
“This task features a text from wich ten word Nave
been removed. The base form of each mising werd is
¡ven asa prompt. Candidates must use their knowledge
‘of grammar and word buiking to inset the correct fxm
‘ofthe gen werd Exam focus p 146

Part 4 Gapped sentences
This a gopped-sentences task with fe questions. Each
question features a set of thre independent sentences.
The same word has been removed for each of the
tee sentences. Candidates se tha Knowiedge of
vocabula 1 Ind te common misting ward

Exam focus 951

Part 5 Key word transformations

Ths 3 kon transtormaton tak wth eght
questions Exch question features to sentences which
apres te same meaning in diferen ways, plus a Key
“word. Three 10 si words have ben remove from the
second semence. Candidates use ther knowadge of
‘grammy, vocabulary and sentence sure 10 complete
the 000 sio the gen key word. Exam focus 0.76

Paper 4 Listening
The Ustenn paper lts for approximately 40 minuts
and contara four por with a foal of 30 questions
‘There re tering text of waning lengths taken fom a
‘erty lab sources with range of tex pe
conten and speers. For example, thre may be
‘extracts fom media broadcast, announcement, talks
and nenes, as wel s mata taken fom everday
Stuations Al te string texts are heard twice and
Candidates hae 1 are al the questions

Part 1 Multiple choice
Par 1 consists of tree short independent tering texts
‘he tests ar taken rom diferent sources and feature à
range of voces anses of delivery. Ter are two
‘three-option multiple-choice questions on each tex
which test range of listening sil.» Exam focus 45

Part 2 Sentence completion
Par 2 consists ol a monologue lasting approximately
three mites. A se ol lg sentences reports the main
Pont from the text. A word or short phrase hasbeen
teme from each sentence. Candidates isn and
‘compete the ming information, The main foc son
locali and recording spect information rom the txt
Exam focus 30

Part 3 Multiple choice
Part 3 consstsof an interview or iscuson lasting tree
or four minutes. There ares fou-opton multiple chace
‘questions which follow the order ofthe text and testa.
range of tering skill The man focus son
Understanding the attitudes and opinions of speakers.

> Exam focus 9.120.

Part 4 Multiple matching
Pat 4 consists of fe shor monologues on a theme of
around 30 seconds each. The set of exacts is heurd
‘once andi then repeated. Candidates Rave to complete
to asks as they Asten. Each task features a set of eight
Short prompts As candidates len, they mach each
Speaker 1 one ofthe ight prompts in each task The
‘cs son understanding the git of what the speakers
ate sayo, be Exam focus p33

aper 5 Speaking
The Spin paper afr 15 minutes nd taken by
andes in pve The sand format aves an
irene beeen two conde rd WO eames.
One ofthe examinee an neo: wh peas 10
{he contes the other examine only ases he
Candidates end dors or speak. The een part a a
3

Part 1 Conversation
The ntelocutor aks the candidates questions about
themselves, the es and interests, in turn. The focus i
on general interactional and social language. This port
lass approximately 3 minutes. D Exam focus p 13
Part 2 individual long turn

In is part each candidate hs ong urn lasting
appronimatl one mete Each candidate has à
‘ferent se of photographs to tak about. The second
‘candidate wil make a short respons alter hither
Partner has spoken. This woke part ass approxmately
{he 0: our minutes and the focus on language
organisation.» Exam focus p.170

Part 3 Two-way conversation
In this part the candidates ak 10 each other. They are
given a set of sual prompt and a station o issue
to discuss fo around four minutes. This part focuses on
the language of interaction: exchanging ees,
expressing and justifying opinions, agreement, ec.

> Exam focus 2.70

Part 4 Discussion

In dis part tres à general discusion relate tothe
Topic af the Part 3 task. The interocutor ask questions
which broaden out he discusion fom the speci ask
in Par 3. This par lasts around four mn

Exam focus 9 70

zus.

IT
Tuning in

Listening: multiple choice (Part 1)

HEN Discuss these questions.

1 Should music just be something we listen to, oF
should we ao make muse? Wy?

2 Which would you rather Isten to: Ie music or
recorded music? Why?

3 Do you ike hearing background mus in shops and

RI You wit hear three iferent extracts
‘Choose the answer (A, 8 or O which its best
according to what you hea.

(On a loca alo station, you hear some
information about a musical event

1 Wat ype of event ae they aking about?
À à concert
8 an exnibivon
€ à muse festival
2 What type of people Ter
Lo tend ths event?
A people who are capable of contrbuting
fo the mus
B people who havea professional interest
€ people uno wou lke to cam how
Day the muse

enouragng

ET
You hear part of à radio discussion about music
3 Whats the man atitude towards
Background muse?
A Hie tind nia,
8 Hes grown accustomed it
€ He no longer sens tit propery
ny does the woman sometimes Ike o
ploy musc when she's working?
A it stops her fing lonely
he hero concentrate
€ ita sauce of inspiration.

Der Three
You hear two friends dicussing a concert they
have just been to.

5 Wat do they agree about?
IA how dosel he band managed o
reproatice the sound on ther CO
B how dul the bands CD sounds
compared othe inepertormance
© Pow disappointing the spec
elects were atthe concen

hat ithe gr enjoy most about the concer
A the action o the audience

E the bands choice of materal

€ the performance of one band member

Discuss with other students what kind of
+ you find inspiro

* helps you concentrate

+ amas you

2 80008 1 ten to when your happy or ad

2 Would you be happy to live without music?
Why not?

3 Should musicians be paid more than people
doing other types of work? Why 2Why not?

Grammar

: overview

A The email below contains ten diferent basic
rammatical misas. Find the mistakes and correct
them. Then check your answers witha partner. The
first one has been done for you

eno

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pwn eno my compas ann spa my
‘tra or u Op nd wed naar ys

2

1 Choose two mistakes that you o

heut 10
2 identity the area of grammar in each

3 Look up hose areas in grammar
reference Book. Make notes on what you
lean, and explain 1 another student

31 Discus:
+ he ben vaya of remembering ares of
Grammar that you make mstakes vt
best ways of eliminating grammar
mistakes Ham your wating and speaking

Keeping a grammar checklist
Always keep your written work, and
make a note of any areas of grammar

hat you made mistakes with more than
once, lke this

gen it a mise,

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|

> dist | Example.

I checttst | ample |
U present perfect | 1ve been
ae fetes
ag he nada for at
a feast sx years
À third SA xd ve the
= ional reviens, £76 have
2 conditional us,

3

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a

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‘Add to this ect as you do more
Written work and become aware of any
Other typical mistakes that you make,
and refer tot before you start a new
Piece of writing. This may help You to
avoid making the same mistake again

Reading: multiple matching
(Part a)

D Discuss these questions

1 Would you ever goto see a concert by a bute
and = where à group of muscins impersonates à
famous group? Wy My not?

2 Wy do you think viure bands are popular?

3 Who do jou thnk goes to see them?

{How do you think they ae regarded a) in the
music buses b) by the original band members?

AI Read the ati quickly to see if you were
fight. In which section was each of your
‘questions answered?

EL You are going to read an article about lve
music For questions 1-15, choose from the
Sections of the article (AE). The sections may be
hosen more than once

In which section is each ofthe folowing
mentioned?

The preparation that one tibute band had
0“ [crm]
A tribut band hat now ha imitators ill BT)

How one tribute band eat with a potent
Sronage of mater 80
The good vale for money feed by some

re Bands [Cm]
he origin of the idea of tbe bands [ST

The negative atitud of some people in
the muse busines towards bute bonds (GT

The dues hat unknown bands have
in finding werk tive venues

The widespread populanty of concer by
be bonds in Ban mo
The reaction 10 a tute band by a

member ofthe rial band a]
The ents sponse ol

members of the audience | 0 M
he mary ote trate bands

mio oros! a ED
How concer by tie bands ae

ke ose bythe ongnaltands a]

A 1654 hot evening in a amll tou in the
“English Midlands. And a the ive Band ple
«hsbc obeso on Lou Gnd
inc Far ace, ings te geting very
‘arm inde Owe on he dane Mor In he
Trill of seaming cowd a couple of den
ou men are ing themes fund ince
do the mus sending live and Cake Dres
Tying At the sng ey the lb oer uk
tothe stage an apes orem Te» gest
by grs had, a ue esi or a ich
Ic in shore, wha ou might expect kom re
peomanco feng the me af one of
Brains mos explosive rock out. Exp he
‘nun on sage ae nor the Aie Monkey
{he Inmet phenomenon. They ae a te
Id cl the Anne Monkey ur ours,
‘hen Bing misc impresion of the real ing,
‘Mohave han of ur ows ad Ryde sy the
‘nares lan Fr Bur we cold et
And when we dd, y aay "Do you do
oven?” We were siting and thinking soot
wwe could gee out there and pla and
Someone sui “Why dont we do a Mene
trot, Weal ove thet meso wed

1 Aer evo weeks’ cose stay ofthe Artic
Monkeys debu album = Wer People Say 1
Am, Tha’ What Im Not ~ Fletcher nd bis ends
had perfected the sound to the point where oly
the most highly wine. eat could spot the
‘ference. Venues ike splay foram ous he
Says. ‘Bue the original album only las 43
tinue, o we play a couple of songs wie. And
ie goes down a storm. Art’ fans, some 0 young,
‘hey ate secmpanied by thir paren, sng long,
to every word "Thats the thing about bute
saya cubowner Julian Haskin whose sage
echoes en sounds every night ofthe week. In
the audience, there o Boing back wating ©
sec what happens. These ae diehard fans. From
the fs bar wth last they ely toe?

€ The spread of the pop ke by no means rested 10 the
English Midas. Check ue he lv muni ing any UR local
paper and youl ind hem sue with groups ke Alike Casper,
And Cheap Purple. All offer not jst splendid names, bt th.
perfect sim of the genuine aile Such she growth o the
rusia copycat business, there's ven an anal Festal Here yo
an wach an cra Freddie Mercury Mate Bolan and Jini end
tangas fr ane mach mote than the east ofa couple fees.
Not à bad deal given that you'll never havea chance to soe the
orginal,

D Ina documentary Send th Clones 0 be brondest ltr this
‘month, che journalist Andrew Colin traces iure bands o a
fled Beatles musical in the te 1970s. Out of the ashes emerged
‘he Bootleg Beatles, who have now made a 25-year cater out of
lumpersonating the most Famous band of dhe 1060. Is Uke time
rel. Isa snapsor ofthe band as they wee at their peak. You
can walk into 2 small unpretentious Me mus venue and see
Someone pretending tobe the Roling Stones as they were inthe
1960. Go along to the genuine Rolling Stones gig and youl see
‘the ea hing in their iin a ig difference

E Ina sense, even the Antarctic Monkeys ar hailing back 0 a
log time, the days hen the Artic Monkeys shemselves emerged
ina smal venu in Shed inthe north of England, eather th
playing domes in America, le may have been oly a few yar ago,
Bor ds sil timo that will never come again. Collins continues.
“There an old rock journalists ida of authenticity which an veer
ovat snobbery” he ay. "The thing about bute bands is they
{ake the snobbery out oi These a cabart at Ted, such 5
‘he surreal spin ofthe genre, the words most succsfu but
band is no longer a Singular em. Bjorn Again, the Australian
impersontos of the 1970s Swedish group Abba, have fie or six
versions of themselves touring the ple at any on time. They
ave became a anche, So what do the orginal chink abou ell
"The Bootleg Beatles played atthe SO Did party of Pink
Floyds David Gilmour and among the guess was George
His. The tel Beate was introduced o hi imittors ae he
show and was very complimentary.

Da Tribute bands essentially
pretend to be the original
Briss. Look back through the
Artic and highlight al the
words that are used to suggest
the idea of copying.

IS} Look these words up in a
itionary such asthe Longmen
‘Exams Dictionary. in what
context would you normally
expect to find them?

huring (A) holding back (8)
stufed (C) diehard (@)
‘wang (©) chill ut)
covers (A) venues (8)

Decide what par of speech
they are

2 Look atthe rest ofthe
Sentence, and wart down

gosibie meanings foreach

Compare your ideas with other

students,

6 check your answers by
looking atthe dictionary
‘extracts on page 188, which
‘ome from the Longman Exams
Dictionary. How close were
your answers?

OF, Discuss these questions
1 What do you expect to fi in à
9008 detonar? Does the
tionary you Curent use
‘ie you everthing you need?
2 Were the Gcionay exacts
you looked at on page 18
Useful? Were the meanings and
«examples lea? Di you ge a
the infomation you wanted
about the words? What other
information about the werd ais
you fina?
en do you ty not to use à
dictionary? Why? when do you
find set rouse à
ion

Vocabulary: word
formation (suffixes)

EN Look at this example. What part of
speech are the underlined words? How
do you know?

Before gong onstage, aan remember
à feeing not so much of fer oF
eno ur of wonderful excitement

RE Wiork with à partner Look at the
words in the box. Do the sufies in bold
general indicate that the word isa

foun, an adjective, a verb or an adverb?

‘weakness countable alternative
Yightening reply option

succesful performance legal
responsibilty moderrise poltcal
enjoyment” delicious decorative
‘confused pleasant combination

BI Which suffire from Exercise 2
make

‘ours fom adjectives?
2 nouns from verbs?

vers fom actes?

+ adjcives from aounsters?
+ savers from adictivos?

M Make a note of tuo more words
you know with each ofthe suffixes in
Exercise 2. Make sure that you alo write
‘down what part of speech I i.

=
1 Read the title of the article. Do you
thing the article will be about unusual
musicians, disk jockeys or music fans?
Read the whole article. Were you
right?
Decide what form the word in
brackets should be, then choose one
(of the sufies from Exercise 210
complete the article,

[Tier wake sure that you read the
vol sentence, and look out for any
| plurat nouns.

Making music - their way

A recent rather unusual music documentary showcased
not (1) (profesio) musicians, but London
asker who were taking part in a(2) — (sponsor)
"conse busking scheme which now boasts 602
performers (3) -—— regula playing at 31 sation
Pitches in he capital Ths was a (@) (termine)
depatur from the standard approach o musical
documentaries, but it was the postive (5) ——
(impress) made by the qualty of the street musicians,
and thee (6) —— (true) personal backgrounds,
{hated to the 7) (reduc) ofthe show. They
are al fantastic musicians in thelr own ght but what
they had to go trough to perform s (8) —

(inspire)

The mother
Asa mothe of two daughters and a fulltime history
(degree student, ordene Roberts has her hands fll But
despite having had no (9) —— (for) traning, she
els to pay hr bs with her dear and (10) —
(Gower soprano vice outside he Royal Opera House.
She has no agent ad struggles at audios because
ne unable to read musi (11) (ent

‘The city worker
For 18 yeas, Peter Murphy had a (12) —
(respect creer a an accountant before one day
decidi he wanted 10 bus for a ing. He
walked out of his office, made an (13) — —
(appear on the sees the next day with a penny
se and never went back tos desk. Now he
Bay a Cet har. He always wanted 10 be a
‘nuskian, and being single and having no

(14) (responsible) for others, as been
able 10 flow is dream. He has his own website
‘apd last year released his ist CD.

‘The innovator
One ofthe ist have any (15) mono)
‘th the licensed buster scheme, Hadar Manor 3
now in (16) = (got) for a recording
contract. Her 17) — — (determine) 10 make
her way inthe musie wo le her 10 singing in
London stations. She ened enough to pay bac
Bis, but was happy jst to beable o ge

(18) —_— (perform). She was eventual
aten one he om as ie

(HB! Do you have buskers in your city? How do.
people fee! about them?

Wit! Complete the second sentence so that it has
3 similar meaning tothe fist sentence, using the
‘werd glen. Do not change the word given. You
must use between three and sx words, including
the word given, There 1 an example (0) atthe
beginning.

Ti Remember that when you say tings in
different ways, you often have to change the
form of a word, asin the

Example:

© Lena was hugely iappointed when she ost he
recording contact.
a
Itcame a5 auge dsppoinemens o Lena when
She os the recording contact.

1 Tm very worried about Davis forgetfulness ~ 15
‘getting worse, MUCH
Davids becoming angit
worries me alan

2 People should take mote responsibilty for their
People shoul foe thie

The singer performed brillant and received a
an oration. BRLLANT

The singer gave =

standing ovation,

and reeves

4 The young woman took an active par in street
busking, ENGAGED
The young woman in suet
busking,

MER Discuss these questions.

1 Do you fin street busking acceptable? Why?
Wy non?

2 Which person fom Exercise 5 do you fin most
‘admirable? Why?

2 Wouk you ke Lo busk? Why?/Why not? Wat
Kind of busking would you do?

4 Can you pay 3 musica! instrument? not, which
‘one would you Ike to play? Why?

‘What do you think i the most productive way 10

follow a carer in music?

Use of English: open cloze
(art 2)

EM Discuss these questions.

1 What type of music do you ike?

2 What o you think ste best way to find out
about new bands, singes or muse? Why?

+ listening to the ado

+ reading the music press

* word of mouth

+ going to Ive concerts

+ surfing the Internet

Y Make a ist of the advantages and
disavantages of downloading music from
the Internet for a) fans) musicians

2 Read the ttle, and then read the article
below quickly, without trying to fill in any
missing words. How does your list compare
vit the writers ideas? Does the writer
have any different ideas?

1 Read the article again and write one word in
pencil in each of the gaps. Most of the words are
‘grammatical words (ey. prepositions, adverts,
tc) rather than vocabulary linked tothe topic.
Ifyou are not sure ofan answer, putas many
possibilities a5 you think might ft If you have no
ea, then put question mark

2 Compare your ideas with another student. Explain

Which answers you're sure about and why, RUD out
any alternatives

Look together a any remaining gaps. Work out
hat type of word i missing. I you're not sue of
the exact word, have a guess.

4 Finally, ead the whole article again to make sure it
‘makes complete sense with your answers in place

MI Discuss these questions.

1 Does the writer think the Internet. good thing for
music genera?

2 How co you think the music busines has changed
‘nce this are was writen?

3 How do you ike to get musi yourself? Wy?

THE POWER OF FILE SHARING

‘Te big music tory
of 2005 wines
(0-218 tobe the
success of the Arctic
Monkey, a British
‘group (D
but single wert
straight tothe top of,
the charts. But thes
was a

Ordnay success stoy

in the mus business.
being discovered and promoted by
‘one of the big record label, the group had made

Far)

A). the own, recon thei own
‘material and frey rung it va the Internet
Musi ans had downloaded the songs, raised
(5) 9006 they were and then forwarded
the files 1 tes friends by means 01 (6)
became known as fe sharing. I (7) -—
words, the groups reputation had been
‘tablshed via wordot-mouth

The prevous decade had seen areal revolution
"home recording had become
Pose for anyone with musical ‘alent, and a
modest amount 1 vest in the latest digital
‘equipment, o achieve home recordings of
comparable quality (8) — those produced in
professional sudo.

To people in the music business, (10) —
the dea of allowing fee downloading was
Unthinkable. Sure they reasoned, you

(21) your music away on the internet,
(42) nouid buy a hard copy. But the
Success ofthe Arctic Monkeys demonstrated that
‘he os of potential income when people

onnicaded songs (13) than Buyng
ther, cul be offset by the increased exposure
the music got (18) ars. In effec, it

was worth making some songs freely avaiable
953 way of generating interest in others fr

| 19 Tot cause, pele ha op.

ee

Exam focus
Paper 5 Speaking: conversation (Part 1)

{About the exam: You take the Speaking test with
à partner. There are two examiners, one who
Speaks to you (called the interlocutor) and one
who just tens (the Assesso)

In the frst part of the interview you and your
partner wil be asked questions in turn by the
Interlocutor. These questions will be about you,
‘and what you think about certain things. Some
typical topes are

+ where you come from

+ your home and family

+ your hobbies and interests

+ what you do

2 your future plane

+ holidays and travel

You should try to give as much detal as possible,
but remember that your partner also has to
‘speak! Try to relax, and enjoy the interview,

@ EM Listen to part of an interview. Do you think

both candidates

+ sid enough? What ese cou they have said?

+ gave interesting answers? How could they have
made tem more interesting?

1 Workin a group of three. Student À is the
interlocutor Ack Students B and € the
Questions below in turn. After you have asked
and answered al he questions, discuss.
Whether Students B and €
+ gave enough detal
+ ge interesting answers
+ could improve the answers they gave.

1 Do you enjoy string to the radio? Why?

Why not?

2 Do you think thatthe qualty offs nowadays
improving or getting worse?

3 Which day ofthe week do you enjoy most? Why’?
What do you Ike doing when you ean?

hat kind of job would you like 10 don the
future?

6 Which county would you mos ike o visit?
2 Think of six other questions you could ask each

‘other, and write them down, Change roles and
ask and answer your questions.

Grammar 2: verb tenses (perfect
aspect)

HEN Look at this sentence from the text about
filesharing on page 12. Which event happened
first? How da you know?

Musi fans had downloaded the songs, eased how
(eed they were and then forwarded the ies

* Complete the sentences using contracted
forms (09. Mes not He has)

1 He (be crazy about jazz ever since he was
fie years ol,

2 They (inh) making the fm in about sie
months time

3 By the time Lord ofthe Rings came out on DVD, |

— (se) it thee tes.

4 {think | (Go) to that exibition, but cart
remember wes,

2 Name the tense you have used in each gap,
and match them to the correct description.

à a state beginning in the past and leading up to the
resent

1) an event at sometime in past ~ rot exactly
Species

(9 something that happened before a given
‘medateevent in the past

6 something that wil or shouldbe completed by a
Speci time nthe future

3 Each of these sentences has a mistake with
verbs. Find the mistakes and correct them. Use
contacted forms,

1 After was thre fortwo years, | decid 1 eave
the musi school

2 By the tim sho nineteen, she'll be away fom
nome for two years

3 think tha Jose goes tothe football game every
week ast month

4 He always enjoys music rom a very early age.

5 By the end of December | finish my course,

6 Sho vists New York every summer since her frend
moved thee

Watch Out! Contractions
+ (has) we use this after pronouns and aso
after proper names. Hes/Toms

+ ve (hav), "4 ad) and (ni) — we usualy only
use these aftr pronouns, not proper names,

1 Highlight the perfect continuous verbs inthe
sts of sentences below. Then complete the
last sentence in each se, using a perfect
continuous verb in the correct tense ~ past,
present or future, Use contracte forms.

1 Meg CDs off the tenet for eus

2 SES van cvs ee
—_
3 Hamat Goo a grey ut

—
1 Ive been working as waitress recent o car
‘enough money to ve on.
2 Before she moved into the house, she
(sta) n a mal motel

A

1 We'd been tying to sont out the casting of the fm
for some time by then.

2 We've been looking for the sight person to play the
part for ges nou.

3 We (akon location for sx
monts y the time we fash the fim

Dee

1 Jo wil have been taining forthe whole season,
0 hell be oking

2 She'd been studying alright, and she had big
ces under er eyes.

3 20 (practise) realy hard, and
shows

u

1 Tom had been dreaming of woking in the moves
for years when he got the rl

2 Shes been hoping to get an ntemiew with the
rector forthe last sx months.

3 1" (wat ere for an hour on.

You wi usual not be wrong you use a simple
{orm instead of a continuous form, but the
continous form often helps you to communicate
your meaning more effectively

2 Each set of sentences above demonstrates one
se ofthe form ofthe verb. Match each set 10
the use below, and then write the use in the
space above the correct set
Repeated habit A
Rests apparent later —

Temporary act o state
Duration emphassed
Incomplete action —

ai what difference (any) does the change
from simple to continuous make tothe following
pairs of sentences?
1a) Tve bought some new clothes.

Ie been buying some new clothes.
2 3) Coins ining in London

8) Colis bee ing in London.
3 3) They'd been watching television before they

') They watched television before they went out
42) haven't felt very wel ate

2) haven't been feling very wl ately
5) have ished by sa o'clock

À) FI nish by si coc
6 a) ve been 10 Paris vestimos

Dy went to Pas thee times.

SÍ Read the comments from a music website
about recent concerts, Complete them using the
Correct tense ofthe verbs in brackets

IM on ma ma en.
10 meta |
es aero) te

contas ys a un wa gue e
‘orc vas ame

——
mot at qye
‘ec opto o |
5 Tar ee ay,
on a
iO A ore a

vom (lr eats
tyes

‘ee y eas ws rc ter

(cre a ee man
‘ose hale (wat ree
Peas rar mea crs en
ee gts ps apre

MG) Work with a partner Find an example of

something that:

+ you've both been doing alot ately

‘you'll both have done by ten dock tonight

you both done by the time you were twee

you've both enjoyed today

you've been hoping to do forages, but have not

one yet

+ you both hope you have achieved in the nent
ten years

Use perfect tenses (imple and continuous) as
appropriate

> Grammar reference p.197 (16)

Writing: drafting and organising
(art 1)

[About the exam: Paper 2, Par 1 isa compulsory
task, and you may have 10 write a letter, an
article, a proposal or à report. Think carefully
bout what kind of text you have to write so
that you choose the right style of language to
use. You wil be given information to base your
‘writing on; this wail be in the form of one or
more short texts which may be annotated. You
‘should read the texts carefully, and use the
information and notes appropriately to complete
the task.

HEN Wnat do you find most difficult to do when

you write? Read these statements and decide

how important you think they are when you

weite in English Then discuss your answers with à

Partner, giving your reasons.

1.1 must remember who am wating to, and what
‘veal impression my writing wal have on then.

2 Should make a plan before writing, and try to
connect my ideas sty

3 I don't need to worry about spell and grammar
mistakes when Iwate,

AS

4 should uy to use lots of dflerent grammatical
rus and words

5 have to get paragraping and layout right, and
make sure the language Is aways suitable for what
Tom writing,

I in Paper 2 your writing may be assessed on

the following criteria:

3) organtaton, coherence and use of inking words

1) accuracy, inueing grammar, speling and
punctuation

© ange of vocabulary and grammar

(9 consistency and appropricy of syle and register

9 elect on target reader

Match the statements from Exercise 1 to the
assessment criteria above.

1 You are going to write a letter of complaint
about ofl, Fit, discuss these questions with
à partner.

Y What kind offi do you thinks suitable for à
famiy audience?

2 What would you normaly expect to find in a im
‘Bred at younger chien?

3 Whose responsiblity do you think itis to monitor
the fins young ehren see?

2 Read the following waiting task, and underline
the three things that you have to do in your
Fete

films at weekends. You took your young

cousin t see a film there last weekend, but
‘were disappointed. Read the advertisement,
the review and your notes. Write a letter to

the school outlining the reasons why you were
disappointed, your cousins reaction to the
film, and suggesting what should be done.
Started te Bad choco

hy fit Master

rear
eos
Herr

rer and is temps 1 lar his

ane a ny and nt. an
Tie fa win a sot lea

ole Fou Le cream, kts

special effects are intense
images that could be

1 Formal letters should usualy follow asimilar
pattern. Put the sections below
“appropriate order fora formal letter. Each
Section should usually have a separate
paragraph

O any requests for action, o further

information

EI expanationtdaricaon of the situation

[further supporting des

reason fr writing

2 Read the letter on page 191 which was
written in answer to the task, and answer
the questions

1. Has the writer folomed the order you chose?

2 Has the rite included all the information inthe

3 What order has the writer chosen to use the
Information?

4 Has the writer used a varie of linking words?

5 How has the writer expanded the points about
a) the practical problems E) he sutabiy ofthe
fim

6 What syle has the writer used?

7 Does the answer del with all the points equal?
Wot, why not?

"TPL IS not necessary to include every paint
‘mentioned in the notes as long as the task is
achieved, You should decide what is important
Fo include and how to use lt

ES! To help you think about the organisation of
the letter, complete the plan ofthe content
below, adding useful inking words and phrases
from the answer.

{Opening paragraph: Reason for wating
Information nduded: —
Unking phases: am writing o

‘Second paragraph:
Information included:

ning phrases Ps
On tp ofthat

Third paragraph: more —
problems

information induded: —
Linking phases: However, —

Final paragraphe
information include
Lining phrases: suggest thar

BL Look atthe writing task on page 188,

Using the model in Exercise 4, and the plan
Exercise 5 to guide your planning and dratting,
‘ite your own answer to the task

(BB) Exchange your letter witha partner
Evaluate each others work, using the checklist
below

Hove you

included a the points necessary forthe
target reader o be informed?

expended he notes appropriately to achieve
the use?

(organised your answers into logical
aregreohs?

[ed appropriate linking words or pases?

O ano copying long phases or sentences,
from the input texts?

LI wten approximately the right number of
swords?

LD sed an appropriate style (m this case,
formed?

used your grammar checks to avoid
mistakes?

> Witting reference p.199)

EM choose the correct connector to complete
the letter of complaint

CD in ie fist place / A once, hen 1
ved there was no record of my
reservation (2) despite / ven though had
honed to confi that very morning

(©) Secomay / However abe bad
sed fr was already taken, and had ost
ata table near the door (4) even in pie
ofthe fact that special asked to be
ear the ie. (9) Furthermore /Sincethe
menu was restricted, and | was unable 1
Have my fit choice of mea.

© To sum up / Fnaly,shen Lwas gen
the bil he cover charge of 5 was
‘excessive or what had been very poor
treatment.

1 suggest that you think about the vay you
eat regular customer, (D) 08 /
consequent they may well voe with their
feet nd go elsewhere

Each of these sentences has a diferent basic
‘grammatical mistake. Find the mistakes and
Correct them. Then check your answers with a
partner.

1 We go never aut othe theate any mare =i
100 expensive.

2 Where ar tickets? put them in my wallet, but
theyre not there non.

3 Cod you tell me whether is there another
‘ema in this town?

4 The new arts ente are very nice - real Ike it

5 Thats the boy who brother played football with
as a chi

6 The tours boatd gave us los of informations
about he cy.

7 nes you don work harder, youl fai your

8 We considered to go t the concert, but we felt
100 te,

AAA 7

9 ally wish | would have more time t study!

10 She apologised for been late

11 Lam knowing she enjoys gang to rock concer.

12 leant get used to start work early nthe
morning!

13 She managed to get tothe top ofthe tower
esp of har ea of heights

14 My teacher won't let me to get out of doing
homework.

15 IF Fd have known she was In tou, have
ranged to meet her.

16. They ue been ing in his town Since at least 25
years

17 Mes such hard worker that he sure to do wel

18 Computer games ae alot more cheaper now
than they used to be

19 {found the fm absolutely tered

20. He might decided to become 2 jazz musica.

HL Complete these sentences using the correct
form of the word in copitas

1 The show was extremely for al he Fami.
eor
2 The company needed to ts procedures, as

there was no consstency nits approach.
STANDARD

3 The winner ofthe lotery made a ig to
‘rarity DONATE

4 eel ve that wil do well in the next
intensen. HOPE

5 Mary celebs have benefited rom
Sponsorship deals. FINANCE

6 There was a very discussion about the
issues, hich led o à possible longterm solution
PRODUCE

7 The fact hat he never won a gold medal was a
eat to the athlete. DISAPPOINT

8 Its important not to show any sign of —
ven taking part in compete activites. WEAK

9 The idea that Ihe company would cul salaries was
seen a3 by the workforce, OUTRAGE

10 it seems to be quite nowadays for TV
presenters to receive enormous salaries. ACCEPT

11 Mary young chien found the fim — even
though it as only a cartoon. FRIGHT

12 She found the positive ending to the fim
incredibly UPUFT

Listening 1
1

1 Imagine that you won the following amounts
‘of money. What would you do in each case?
e

esoo 65000

2 Imagine that you wanted to save the same
amounts of money How would you doi?
‘What might you save the money for? Why?

à sy new car designer clothes
à personal development couse

the latest mp3 layer your etrement
an exotic olday a donation to charity
2 any day anything ese?

3 Discuss these questions

iros

© ¿22 sten to part of a radio programme about
spending and saving money. Answer Ihe
questions

1 Now listen to a psychologist on the
programme. She divides people who are
Spenders into three groups
Y leepwialkers 2status seekers. 3 srimpers

Listen and decide which type of spender would
make each ofthe comments (AF)

À 1 could el you how much | spent toy.

E Léna that jewelery kee But ks hod
© Basica | st buy whatever want | never look
the pie tag

D There re certain things which everbody has, so
you have to buy them.

E hate anyone to tink tatoué afford the
latest sans

Fim good at saving, but do tke 1.

the

2 Which of the comments do you agree with?
Do you know any sleepwalkers, status seekers
orstrimpers?

om
1 Now listen to a continuation of the same

Programme. What advice does the speaker
ive for people in each of the three groups in
Exercise 9?

2 Compare your answers. Which advice do you

think was the most helpful? What advice
would you give?

15} Look at the words and phrases in the box
‘that come from the recordings. Which are
associated with a) saving or ) spending? Listen
again to check

interest _conspiuous consumption

goon a spree sarabucget _ run out of cash
Ssoundimeesiment anest egg a ven
toeconomse mtheres shopatolc

get trough money ike water on impuso
Put any fr avainy day a must have item

Speaking: giving opinions

DIA! Listen to an interlocutor setting a tsk, and
Y ook at the pictures on these pages. What two
‘things do the candidates have to 407

2

) 1 Listen to two students beginning the task. Do

7° they describe the pictures? Why Why not?

(© sten again, and make a note of any phrases
they ust:

give thir ov opinion

agree wth mer parner

agree win her par

3 Now work with a partner and complete the
task, Discuss each picture before reaching à
decision.

A1 15 here anything else that you think is more
important han the things inthe pictures?

UNIT 2 spent sa

Exam focus IE You are going ed tee envi areal cocer
Paper 1 Reading: multiple FA aba ah ee a calla
Pa {Read ‘Cor D) which you think fits best according to the text.

[About the exam: Paper 1 isthe

part of the exam where your
reading is tested, There are
four parts to the whole test,
‘and it lasts one hour and
fiftean minutes, You must
‘decide how long you spend on
each par, and you must
‘ansfer all your answers to the
answer sheet within the ine
lint

A CASE STUDY: MELISSA

Misa es £27,000 per ya PA a Ss Dacor ta ge
aa copary In Lan. Ste es ery nf sh es wah
er es nd, Sa. Te al ces hen 2450 pa ment sch Mla
is Bebe, ty peso M lo In be very god a hr.

5 tbh se es à sg rem wn pc and sometimes
else general re fh songs case Der

In Port of the Reading paper EEE

you will have to ead three

Short passages. The passages

will all be on à theme, and will

include diferent types of text.

You have to answer two

‘multiple-choice questions on

‘ach text ~ and these wil focus

‘on different things in the text

for example; the writers

purpose or opinion the style of

‘ting, the meaning of certain

‘es of what ts about and fois aride am goed se og lon

how its organised rod mney One hein rt, he ra ais tt eng
2 Read both ofthe questions Sey an dst se Coran ays ies at no.

highlighting key words and 15 aay ne a ia saw pees e ano.
phrases. She spent ts nose, stes ad es tt te as ang o
Find the pace in te txt show fx Rue eto is cheep rk Massey tk Meese

shale Minen no peng her Darko ed card amer tc est of

or nd phrase te Ma e ban os nr mama

ainsi Se eo Den Se |
ve spon ath na el cn ce ee

1 Read the fist text to get an po neti loe |

|

{ter us or own. She as ro segs a land agen Ds

4 Read that part of the text 20 money tomer mm abs o ope apa a.

very arefuly and choose the
5 Read the whole text again to 7 in the fs paragraph, we ar tl that Melissa has problems
make sure your answer fits
the sense of the passage,
6 Go an to the next text,

A gaining the respect of her calleagues
B dealing wit fay demanding worl.
€ heeping on top of some deraled aspects Of her work
Han 1D maimaring the profesional appearance demanded by hr ob
line numbers to help you 2 inthe second paragraph, we learn that Melissa
find the place = but you stil A makes some attempt to pan her spending
feed to read the whole text E is unconcernd about her Inancal postion

(© has been tying to econamise in her shopping.
D: oware that se may nat alvays spend wise

DESIGNER BRANDS

ARE FOR MONKEYS

A VEN THoUGH 1 FOLLOW FASHION ina ar
from sash way, there is no pase tht
mates me rca mor than “ust. 11

ea tat X bons he latest Y shades hae been

Acre be the tes must hae’ my immedi

reacio is many. Why mest | ave then? Why

‘oul hurle mse to go o a wating st or

this suposedy desirable em? Most of a why

00 al fr the designers manipule tacts,

which are intended oly a sul iso hr Bank

Balance atthe expense of mine? Fr more satin

{stopp ino tects shops in my oral mal and

bay copy of said signe’ gar a tenth of te

Price Wat ts? Hut They for mugs.

Aca, designer bands in general ae for mu.
“hey ar or people too insecure to tas thee ome
taste These people alt ha everthing wih à
eran abel mst bcos shopping teria ae
et you sho in the mal y const, you have o
‘ue our cera! oid the one geet out el
ee that aks get ye $ ely cheap sop,
the aii more ke ne 20. Bt y worth
ike ping te gd mue! in a mut ered,
the fin gis rise 1 immense sais. Which Is
vey, acon a surey polished this wee, the
ung ich are deserting designer shops or second
hand stores and Reamakee. They peter to
rummage for oe-f again than to waste thle
money in same posh patent sore

3 this ari, the weer is
A questioning the quaty of designer cotes
E int consequences of owing
€ encouraging people to dewlop her own taste

in cotes
1 reporting on ways to obtain designer cotes at
good prices.

4 which phrase in he second paragraph riores.
‘the ea that theres immense satstacton to be
eines fom some types of shopping?

A Shopping ther is a sate bet fine 18)
1 use your discernment (ne 20)
boyisitworthit fine 22) *
rummage for one-of argains (ine 28)

+ Éd he ken wh or ORO

Ci wrt got ote arg mus Pe mad
fle ng tem ha yOu ive never even touche
Soe ied on?

"hat Te doer end ther Sting lone. beg a Helos
em becomes ange esr = you end up done
‘Bend of tng youd never o front of end who as
‘fared yur fens on he ste of our cre cra Di Truc,
‘Shine shopping nid hepa of crowds parking and sore
15 fee but you mos ou on te atmosphere and Soci saga.
fc you ae per tas mare vue
a
er
5 Wat does the writer imply bythe phrase “trends
in frends (ine 2)?
A She wories about keeping up witha changing
socal scene
E She doesn't place much importance on the
opinions of ethers
© She fears that hr ends may be yal in hor
abience
She doesnt meet he friends unes she goes
shopping.
6 The word tin ine 10 eters tothe writers
A experience of online shopping.
B reason for dsiking online shopping.
(€ wish 10 ty things on before buying them.
1 seed for advice when choosing things to buy,

822 The following extracts come from the texts.

Do you agree with them? WAy?MWhy not?

+. she constantly bus things that she doesn’ rely
need

+ Actualy designer brands in general are for mas
+ Forme, shopping is à soda thing.

UNIT? spent sven

Grammar 1: defining and non-
defining relative clauses

4 Which sentence in each par below
contains à relative clause that gives

+ sential information about a noun? (etning
relate case)

+ eta information about a noun, but could be
‘omitted? (non-defining relative cause)

a) People who use mobile phones on ains

fealy annoy me.

1) The man, who spoke in French, used his

‘mobile phone al through the journey

a) The man gave his money t0 chat, which

he prefered

D) The man gave his money to the chart

‘which he preferred

3 2) My ster whose fat sin ceval London, 5
3 chaty worker,
Y) My Ses, whose fat isin central London,
isa chanıy worker,

2 Complete the sentences about defining
and non-defining relative clauses

1. relative clauses at separated from
‘he reat of the sentence by commas

2 In both defining and non-defining relative
Causes we use for people and

ee for things

3 in — relative clauses the relative
ronouns who and which can both be
Feplaced by that

4's possessive relative pronoun and
an only be used before a noun

A Rewrite the sentences using where or

‘when. Then complete the rule below.

1 The school at which fist studied Economics
vas in London!

2 Wednesday is the day of the week on wich |
always have a meeting.

3 was a conference ln Rome at wich 1 met
my tue husband.

1 Two dock ise time at which | always
have a cup of coffee.

Wt ative clauses of place and time, use

here oF when instead OÙ

| Grammar reference 9.196 (12)

(EBT In non-defining clauses we can use which with

‘other wh words, Rewrite the sentences using which

And another wh word.

Example:
Twent to Pars ast mom, and it was then that met my
new Bos,
"went to Pars lat month, which wa when met y
ew bos,

1 She gave me hor email address, and that was the way
‘we managed 10 contac er late.

2 spent the money on anew caras had always planned
todo,

3 Her face was red, and that was the way we knew she
was upset

4 Heleltat, and that was the me she are

5 The actor forgot his words, and o at that moment they
brought the curtain doan.

6 1had a holy in Spin, and that was the pace earned

1 Read the text quickly and find:

3) mo reasons why celebrities support chasis
1) how celebrity endorsement ofa charity 5 ‘mutually

si ps them o main tel image T's
rk could node an agent manager a personal ater
rd a lime scan, and quie oben there ao a
‘Significant other (2) — may fave mar ceci

tt But equal porto ees neways I

‘Tiss because tis ivohement with chats (2) —__
fes coles the potential lor image and career
enbancement, 6) — & an opportunity nat 10 be
nic Of cars hr mean 20d, bath ss wel
Aie publi ins of ce no fut as beau

person, buts someone (6) = à wii o sare same
lei god rune wih ers
‘The thing () also males cela

reasons very pie e act tha hey are muta
enc Pople ending chan event (D) —
Celery rent wl remember Rand may en supp
the Gy’ Wensebes. A Quay (@) —— publi
lues pres of a celbriy wit encourage. more
Span, mary ol (10) will hen want 10 done
ire money el se.

2 Read the text agai, and complete
the gaps using a relative pronoun.

1 Choose two items from thelist
below. Write down one example of

a thing you use every day

an object you could ne without

charity you woul Ike to support

time of day you enjoy

period ofthe year you Ike bes.

Now work with a partner Define
each word using relative clauses, but
{do not use the word itself. Your
partner must guess the word

Example:
It something which use for contacting
ny tends

OT Discuss these questions

1 Do you think itis important to give
money to charty?

2 What types of fonda events do
you hin ae mest accio?

Use of English: word
formation (Part 3)

E Work with a partner. Discuss these
questions.

Y Have you eur:
2) bought anything in an online action?
1) old anything in an online auction?

2 What ae the advantages and
sadrantages of buying and sling
things in ths way?

1 Read the text. Do not worry about
the missing words for the moment.
‘What does the writer say about a)
selling and b) buying online? What
Solution to possible problems does
‘the writer suggest?

2 Read the text again. Use the word
given in capitals below the text to
form a word that fits in the
numbered gap. There is an example
atthe beginning (0)

A seers tobe fent fa (0) EOI. soit tat we acount
(0 —— at woo rt 0ay non Impuse ys ana (2) — gs bog
0er up cr hoes, nd objects tt began a & sure of (9) am
io suce ol fan. To good 0 pu no in or densi a ra
sep, ee tars ae, quo) — ste wey

nie aura sch as By, provide rodado (8). Bu at
anne whore i rows, bing goods eine (6) emo,
whereas sang ham can bea cases an Ime-corsuming buses. You
rea ka tal pros o ha tors m) —— ges, wet an
ring door 1 ana (8) —— bier, gaia nurnco con
ar ten queso up a a pot ot dspaen ra Ing, sy comas as a
ssp, Perle 10 kan at ve 90% ol auto user ar oyes rt a
pres

ror a now toed seva prod: a an cin cats win onen
lor (9) ce aie pic 0 (10) — wi oa th werk ou.
‘Bascal you to ne ig you want ao rom and thy to rs.

o THROW
1 POSSESS. 6 REMARK
2 WANT 7 VARY

3 PLEASE 8 POTENT
4 FRANK 9 PERCENT
5 SOWE 10 COMM

31 Would you ever use an online auction facilitator?
Way not?

02 sou orsne t

Vocabulary 1: compound
adjectives
m

* Match the two pars ofthe compound
adjectives,

1 0a 2) fetched
2 sf 1) fashioned
3 las headed
a tar 9) centred
Sar 9 tem

6 longshon 9 produced
7 level 9) made

8 quick minute
950 à sanding
10 long D tight

1 mass lo cales
12 sal D seed

2 Which of the compound adjectives you've
‘created might describe a) a person b) a plan
an idea d) a thing? Some adjectives fit in
‘more than one category.

HB Complete the sentences using compound

adjectives from Exercise 1

Y He made a ——. decision to take the job, and
‘only ust notre the company in time

2 The economist was avery —— man, not
incine to get our exc by unexpected
developments

3 masa er
and unworkable!

4 Mara was a very. person who never
thought about now other people might feel

idea completely impracical

SL Work with a partner. Underline the full
‘collocation (compound adjective and noun) and
explain why the lst part of the sentence is
‘wrong. Suggest a correct version.

“TPL A compound adjective may or may not be
hyphenated, so look carefully at all groups of
words

1 {havea long-standing agreement with Anna to
‘oy the fat we decided yesterday

2 1 bought a mass-produced car = m very pleased
sth, because 15 completely unique

3 Shes a very quick wed person — takes her ages
to think ofa reply

Th 5 a completely airtight container, so you have
10 be careful that food doesn't goat in the ai

5 He was a totaly sel made mitionare — he stated
‘wth a oan Mor his parents

DAL Listen 10 the five short extracts. Which

speaker mentions:
1a shortteem plan made?

2 a lstminute decision reached?

3 a long standing agreement broken?
à long term strategy followed?

5 à socalled expert proved wrong?

1 Many compound adjectives are made with
prepositions. Choose the best alternative to
Complete the adjectives in these sentences

Example:

5 dangerous o dev fast in built reas of

11 She was too hard down / up to buy expensive new
thes.

2 Alter along period of hard work and poor see,
[wos feeling very run out down and quel

3 Compensation gen lor accident or injury is often
justa one-off down payment, and notan

Fm so ted = ve been working so hard I'm worn
omo,

5 Many older people who take cae of ther money
ar wel-up/ off when they ete

6 People who work 100 hará often get burnt down /
‘ut when they are young,

7 1 get so fed off up when politicians tak too
much!

2 Choose two sentences that you agree with,
and tell partner why you agree with them.

Listening 2: multiple choice
(Part 3)

IR Discuss these questions.
1 When you buy consumer goods such as electrical
«goods and cates, do you!
a ook for the best vale?
look forthe best quality?
«look to s2e what other people are buying?
2 How do you get information about:
2) how good products are?
E) whether products are good value or not?

UNIT 2 Sprite

© 21 You will hear part of a radio programme in
whch asodologi, Graham Sie and à
Journals Sal Greengrass oe discussing the
{tects of consumer in sodety. Choose the
Answer (A,B, Cor D) hich fits est scoring to
hat you hen
1 nit tothe research be descibes, Graham
fees
A usure what conclusions daw rom
B spp a how ngrte people Seed
ww
€ concerned about how people interpretes he
Guess
cones hat nes income ads to
2 Graham gues he example f ige o show
row
A consumer goods have gone up n pre
B peopl have urea expecatns o consumer
sons
€ peopl re inuenced bythe conspicuous
ensumption af tes
D Consumer goods that were once tres have
non become eer
2 Sal fel tat he dese to own Maury goods
A not necessary elated to sans.
Bot as unusual os Graham thks
€ not actual rested 10 personal hanpness
>not grow a much a Graham sugges
4 According to Graham, what she mai problem
that onen bins?
A people becoming mor seis
8 natural resources being wastes
€ coment problems geting worse
D people geting mo Iancal aus

5 What point does Sally make about the production

fur good?
A 159008 fr the economy BT Discuss these questions
B it has seen a decine in quay. 1 To what extent do you dese unury goods?
LC. has changed à lt since the 19505 2 When you buy consumer goods, ae you influenced
D tis ot doing as wel as it once was by te mea cots?

fe aimed ro sates 3 Who do you ti sig, Graham or Sal
en MA Imagine that you are looking fora present
A the demands of employes. for à friend in your town. Discuss. 9) what to buy
B the elects ofthe media, and b) where to buy it Then think about why
© the annude of chien, you made these choices. What actually influenced
D the cos of basic ters 2 you most?

UNT odres

Vocabulary 2: advertising
and marketing

1 Think of an advertisement on television
you think & particulary successful. Which
Of the following techniques does it use?
‘Why do you think i i successful? Describe
it to your partner. Do you like it?
Why not?

‘memorable ingles a continuing story
cartes o famous people humour
‘mova judgements or standpoints cartoons
Beau scenery unusual events

2 What techniques used in advertisements
‘annoy you? Why?

3 How do you think an advertisement on the
printed page works? What makes it
iferent from one on television?

1 Read the ttle and text below. Why does.
the writer suggest starting and finishing
the advertisement with a clear mental
image?

What makes a great written ac

My advice 1 potential ad wer his
D) the towing approach that hare
always ound very fete. Memerabl ds
“always begin with god opening ins hat
Involve the ende immveiae They

Ga neral ti mental image and
‘one readers any doubt about what they
re reading. OK these ads are not reat
Mert. beste thet purposes 0

(6) —— he reader’ tenon immedately.
ruse vers, because they (4) — vivi and
‘brant images to mind bat avid adjectives. as
these remind people of poetry: An cie ad
makes fll ice, and (5) _—— witha mental
Image thats jot as efectivo us he ra oe. This
Jas image reinforces e rt. undso (6) -
the advertising message dee ato peoples
memory which makesit an eli sling to.

2 Read the text again, and decide which verb from
‘the box best fits each gap. There are two verbs
you will not need to use, and you may need to
‘Change the form of the verb to fi the gap.

nn adopt gob create die
fish cause Bring

3 Many collocations are strong, Le. the words are
usually found together, although they are not
fixed phrases, e9 involve someone (in something).
Make a note of four strong verbinoun collocations
from the text above

1 Do you notice advertisements? Make a ist of
‘where you can see them. Then read the text and
‘compare your ideas

Ads are everywhere!

On gm sri temp, ce
la lao a
Serge tad mapas and seg te
D pa pd sn /
DR acs et pope ton one merite |
See tw be nore nm
ES De q nm anne warn |
fo cay Ya jas ce à a amt
Es oe ces at Y Dh / ge
‘oti DD etter ene
ap ea ne
Sm alee a ca ped
acti ew of cng wa sa
Seen are senden rd
(Git it ben or ns ae eet
fy nr tk ty ee me ba de en en |
‘aca sec toto ny a ced
een

2 Read the text again, and choose the correct
alternative to complete each compound word,
Which one isa compound noun?

A Discuss the questions.

1 Would you buy something because it was we
advertised? WAY My not?

2 Do you think thee toc much advertising nowadays?
MINI not?

3 Do jou think that advertising gives the consumer more
or es choice? Why any not?

4 Think of your least favourte advertisement. Why do
you cise? Do the est ofthe ass agree?

Grammar

: articles

IM How many brand names can you think of
for the following?

coffee jeans
Shoes diodes

hamburgers
‘orange juice

computes

21 Road the text. What isthe writers overall
purpose?

2) 10 inraduce Ihe concept of branding

to crise the spread of branding

The power of the brand name

vay something that you ean tng fom ter |
ret sr snr and al |
restaurant ra at ef ea en

Mere res
ses hap! te es

By the tie you arto at Aen oF work In the

ering Jo way have epa tose |
sober dso nin |
A ca henomenon Ines, ou vied any major

iy nea, you vale surge a how many |
ei barn tn ang |
Cam prod à en of seri Vt |
Prol

‘think that satisfaction ca only be obtained by paying =
‘xa fora well known name

EB! Look at the rules below for the use of

articles Fill in each gap with an example taken

From the highlighted expressions inthe text,

Aie use the Indefinite article (tan) for singular

countable nouns

+ when we mention something forthe fist time
a

+ hen doesn't matter which paricular person or
thing we ae refering to. 2)

Vie use the definite article (the) for singular and

al countable nouns, and with uncountable nouns

+ when something has aeady been mentioned
oe

+ when we already knew from the context wich
person or abject s beng refered to (4) ————

+ hen the folowing cause mates i ear what
person or thing being lee 10(5)

UNIT 2 Sunsitersmeit

+ wen only one thing or person ex (6)

+ in generations with singular countable nouns.
Le

‘We use no article (zero article)

+ in generalisations with pual and uncountable
nouns when we mean “al (8)

+ when we ae referring 10 the general use ofan
institution rather than a paricuar place. (9)

> Grammar reference p.193 (1)
«

1 Choose the correct article in the text below
(= zero art)

Promoting brand names
at that makes the promotion of

(1370 brand name succesful? Advertisements
for (2) /0 insurance, or example, pay On
our need 1 fe! safe those for dothes may
‘appeal to our need to belong to (3) 278 group
‘orto have (the / desrabe Het. Mary
‘brands appel to what we vou keto be
rather than what we actualy are. Modern
_advertsng paints the picture of an ideal ite —
and yt (5) 2 / the wordt portrays sul fis
familar Indeed, the more often our sel image
‘matches that promoted by (6) 2/0 brand, the
stronger and more succesful (7) the brand.
image becomes

2 There isa mistake with the article in each
highlighted word or expression in the
following text. Correct the mistakes.

A SUCCESSFUL ADVERTISEMENT
Ms quite fiel Lo work out whether (1) BE has

been cesta sean ys (2) ar rom a partir
copa, you ct be ae ver as DCE

br etna
nee tata (5) So hom ds any

retire ada Dr eet
een
ee some
Bere À Dpt ea
nr a y lo ar

3 Did anything surprise you about the
information in these two texts?

UNIT 2 spender snes Dur Pa,
How are gps ding? 1 thot Hh wel be pod ea to
E any mut, eating pared o me recently
ut DA tie LL y abut

Writing: informal letter
(art 2)

‘About the exam: In Paper 2, Part2, you
may have to write a letter, an article, o
proposal a competition entry. a report,
3 revieu an information sheet, an estay
‘ra contribution to a longer piece of
‘writing (e.g, a book. You should take
Careful note of what kind of text you
have to write, You wil be given
guidance on what to write about in the
task ist

1 Read the following writing task, and
‘underline the four things that you
have to do in your letter

Took
You recently tried to sell an old
{aera on an nee a ion, Fn year ed wg ett Dp où à
but had some problems. You want to, Te ad tall me yl gpk any Ut
share your experiences with a friend Bone
‘Write a letter to your friend, me oT
‘explaining what happened, what you AL the bet
id about it, how it affected you and, à
ee ee Van) II an
auction sites in the future.
Write your letter in 220-260 words. 2 Underline informal expressions that mean the same as
1 ed (para 2) 4 successful (para 2)
2 very unsuccestul (para?) 5 take care (para 2)
2 Work with a partner, and discuss 3 a dsadiantage para?) 6 unsure what to do (ar 3)

these questions,

What sort of problems might have TPT Remember 0 add any useful expresion: To your
occured? vocabulary its and include information about register.
What possible courses of action could el

you have taken?
3 How do you thik you might eel in a =
suaton Ike ths?

1 The writer has written too many words, but has

4 What advice would you give your en? ‘omitted part of the task Rewrite the last two
paragraphs so that any unnecessary information is left

= ut and the missing information is included

Read the following letter which was 2 Exchange your rewritten paragraphs witha partner. Did
title in answer to the task. Answer you have the same ideas?
he questions

1 Has the write included ideas similar to HAL write an answer to the task on page 191. Make sure
= ‘that you use an informal register and include al the

2 Has the writer included al the necessary information,

Information necessary forthe task?
> Writing reference p.202

IR} Read the tex below. Use the words given in capital a the end of some
of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an
‘example at the beginning (0.

Dirty money
‘Sooner or later it's something that everyone does: you put your jeans
no the washing machine, having completly (0) fren aboot the FORGET.
‘money in the pocket, Coins, on the whole, survive the experience

felatively (1)... but the same is not tre of banknotes. HARM
“These have a (2)... to disintegrate as a result of prolonged TEND
(8) 10 te forces of heat, water and detergent. I you live EXPOSE
in Brin, however, all may not be lost. I is possible w send

damaged banknotes, (4)... fr use a payment in shops and ACCEPT
other retail (5). 10 the Bank of England’ “Mutilated Notes ur
Section’ (BEMS) in Leeds. Here experts will give the not a

thorough (6) «u and, i they are convinced that i is indeed the EXAMINE
remains of a valid banknote, they will send you a (9) «un... or REPLACE

at east a cheque of the equivalen valve.
And isnot only washing machines that destroy notes. According

10 BEMS staff, who receive up to 500 (8) …… pee weck, toddlers APPLY.
and poppy dogs also figure high on he list of offenders, as do people

een
en

{sing the word given. Do not change the
word given. You must write between three
and si words, including the word given.

Sel-beie and sting nerves are essential i you're going
10 make yout mark a (1) 9/ the salesperson. Take 21
year Leonora Pearl for example. She's (2) a / he sakes

1 Tors house is the one wth the blue dor. Constant fr (9) à the Cobouchon Colleton of
wc Ka) the jenny She works om (5) a/ the home or
Tom Ives bl nr Where she happens to be. Not only Leonor skied at

ca sellng jewelery she is aso 9008 at sein (6 a the job.
de without mus woud be very diu or 1 jewel,

oe oes She says she fl in low wi 7) ae companys ange

of products a soon as she saw it, and sgned up to be

esis fa Dex the sales consultant win five minutes Leonora
3 Lidia is a supporter of several wid chartes, a (927 Ihe nk th reso ane
‘NuMBER {0 à 1 avalobity of stock ‘atsoutly fabulous
Luda gives vito She is, in (11 à / the other words, a walking, taking
chats. ‘advertisement fr (12) ae product, In many ways
4 Springs my favourite time ofthe year BEST mme rely fl (13) à the duty she says. When 190
Tre me of year spring, ou, aha take (14) the duplicate set of whatever

Jeselen Fm wearing, 50 that if anyone express interest
15. say my necklace, can sel %o them on (15) à the

Se A = 29%

IT
What makes us tick

Vocabulary: adjectives of
character ne AO

im idealistic. and conscientious

IEW A television company ls
planning another Big Brother"
reality show in which a group of
people who are strangers to each
‘other are locked into a house for à
given period of time, Cameras
record how they react to each other,
And viewers vote for who they want

Da = ee
ee re
een

ho stays the longest wins a money
prie.

tes ote
mies

‘What do you think the produces De ali fo get on m bie Beg»
leo for hen choc people to US ie ae a non or
50 mo te house? why? fd) get me were Ivan 70 6 3%
+ song, cont persons de ae ha fers ont te

+ strange appearance
+ interesing hobbies

+ varied background or experience
+ sense of humour

1 Read the profiles of hopeful
‘contestants, and underline the
adjectives they use to describe
themselves.

2 Which of the agjectives you

mon O)

contar.

cr or
Im rte ques ray ar hone,

nal ma be secos ane 1
tai one an al
ne rag Lo aly mund Bag he
Benno one mine here

mein © ame

Underlined do you think best Pa cleus and mat to be part of
sums up each person? Do you an experiment. Vu independent ard |
think iti positive, negative or le do think for nyse > IN dry
either? ‘anything once, Pu quite tacitura
bah, and Da May mit sy om
Cot y don't have do jo in

en une ae ee eas
ee en

ra Er om mat
Im ara ngrepntea mada
TN eps. E can ve
rem E cnt mec foco ds
ETSY emo peca sonermes Im
Lee 3 want 10 epa mel an
$a eg an vo re vais

da ee

Fin a bk quer tempera ond gate
anne - map boo men! Lay ml 1
ioe oe pea non Ein al
proa be wy sous E ul pope gee
y vi Gangs T nto tae? E as Tm
Ag ona pepe wat age wen Tin in the
Fe ing «wre In an

Ei patty mama rally hn
estrada bad zn sable, not

confrontational = 24 rather apres wits

le. tke murgene To get en. 3 hake

le una tral oer obra. want 4e ba
In’ hause Bence o meeting parle
ean onpthise with and chatting o

than

i su AE

Em corr empakhekic, sincere and
um Tiros E cop be
sertimantal ond Y

Watch Out! sensitive/sensible;
sympathise/empathise
Choose the comec ternative.
1 a es sensible sensitive 1 keep a note o your
passport number when you rave
5) She's rather sensible / sense and is easily
upset if people cite her
2 a) She wing o listen to people’ problems
and to empathise sympathise with them when
they ar upset.
II easy to empathie/ sympathise with
someone who has been through the same
experience 25 you

1 Highlight the reason each person gives for
‘wanting to be in the house, Do you think that
their reasons are sensible or valid?

2 Decide on five people who would make the
most interesting programme for viewers, and
‘why. Compare your ideas with the rest ofthe
dass. Do you al agree?

Grammar 1: modal verbs 1

I Match the sentences to the ideas they

express

1 You must tll anyone about it
best frend

2 1 must phone Julito tel her where to meet us.

3 1 might be able o go out tonight but Im act sure

4 thine you shoul te Josh exactly how you fee

5 We don't have to go ever together, you
non

6 My mobiles not in my bag — it must be somewhere

an bring a find with me to the party?

8 You can always tel what Tessas thinking from her
expression.

ot even your

a possibly +) proben
1) logical deduction 9 advice
© obtgationmecessiy ©) pemsson

lack of obigatlomecesity m) ability

> Grammar reference p.196 (10)

WI Complete the second sentence so that it
has a similar meaning to the fist sentence,
using the word given. Do not change the word
given. You must use between three and six
Words, including the word given,

1 IR would be great if taking exams were voluntary
It OU be great if students

5 book might hep you in you

You for your researc,
3 He probably be very sucessful. CHANCES

4 Joe promised to cal tonight, so Im sure that’s
him on the phone now. MUST
Joe promised to cal tonight, so

5 Working on the shop flor a compubory pa
‘ofthe taining for eveyone. HAS
Everyone on the shop floor
par of their traning,

3

Complete the advice below, using modal verbs
fom the boxes foreach section. There are tuo,
verbs you do not need to use each time.

2 Think of some more advice on how to be a good
friend, using the modal verbs from the boxes

3 Tella partner about a time when you

+ ought o have asked for peo, but
+ could have helped a end,

How to be a good friend
Be aware

couldnt an might ought to shouldn't
“he problem is that as we get oder we fel we

(1) —— be able 10 sort out our own problems, and
ve keep these to ourselves, rather than talking about
them. $f one of your frends suddenly becomes more
three than usa 12) —— Mean tat they
rave a problem, but dont feel they (3) —— tl you
Listen

could must

haveto art couldn't

I your tend wants o tell you about ther problem, you
(a) —_— stent most cases, you (5) actualy
o anything about it. but alowing them o ak about
thei felis () help them to work it tnough.

Walt fr the right time
shout

couldn't must may ant
You (7) — be able to ge practical Information that
(ar help your end. You probably think you
(tell them straightaway - but tere’ a right
time for eveything So you (9) —— force the
information on them; instead, wait ut they actualy
ask fort

Don't bring it back to you

must nt an might don't have to

You (10) -—— talk about your own experiences to
Stow you understand our frends problems. If your
friend does ask if anything smiar has happened to
you, you (1) — go an about your own problems,
past or resent. Remember, the most importan thing
you (17) —— do for your fiends just be therefor

Exam focus

Paper 4 Listening: multiple
matching (Part 4)

About the exam: In Paper 4, Part 4, you will hear
five short extracts on the same theme, In each
extract you hear one person speaking, You have
Lo do two tasks as you listen, and these wil focus
on differen things in the texts, for example, the
Speakers reason for doing something and their
feelings

“TIP! Remember that there are two answers for
each speaker - one in task one and another in
task two. You hear al ve speakers once, then
the sequence is repeated,

Suggested procedure
1 Listen tothe instructions and follow the
wording on the pag

2 Read both sets of options In the pause before
the listening is played.

3 Underline the most important word in each
option.

4. you listen for the first time, focus mainly on
task one. White In the letters of any answers

you are sure of

As you listen the second time, focus mainly on

task wo.

6 Don't leave any questions unanswered. If
you're not sure, guess. although you may be
Unsure, you have probably understood more
than you think, so your guess may be right

EE You wl hear five short extracts in which people who have changed their names talk about why they
i this. Remember that you must complete bath tasks as you listen. You will hear the recording twice,

TASK ONE

For questions 1-5, choose from the Ist A-H each persons
reason for disliking thee original name

‘A People couldn't remember it.

ferner sine Seater CTA
Someone cout pronounce t Speaker? IE]
D It hadn't been carefully chosen. ‘Speaker 3 (13)
Et sound ight or my cee. spear CTA)
F Pope nd to lah ati Speakers CIS]

lt made me sound too serious
MI west individual enough

RI Match each phrase from the extracts to the closest meaning,

TASK TWO.

For questions 6-10, choose from the lst A-H where
(ach person got the idea for their new name.

A a friend’ suggestion

8 onine research Speaker) CT}
€ à fol racer Speaker? CI
D atamiyjoie speaker 3 CIE
E ancowheardcomersaon Speaker [TS]
F à magazine are Speaker s HO)

a teen programme
a colleagues mistake

WER Discuss these questions
1 Do you le your name?

tolaughit of (1) to stand out in a crowd (1) ral fed up @) VAYA 200?
"happened to @) to get his tongue round (3) _ to spit up @) 2 you could change all or part
made redundant (4) the nck (4) snap decison (5)

totesse 6)

end arelaionship achievedis aim be since make fun of

‘ot take 00 serious pronounce happened quickly
very unhappy bychange

‘of your name, what would you
choose? Why?

3 What advantages might
there be to changing your

Tost a job ame?

Reading: multiple choice (Part 3)

HEN Look at these two wellknown sentences
‘and answer the questions.

1. Do you know where each one comes from?

2 Do you think they are wise sayings oF not?

Sorry seems to be the hardest word.

Lone means never having 10 say you're srry.

92} Look at the situations below.
1 In which ofthese stations would you apologise?
2 What would you sayin each case?

3 Which situation needs the most sincere apology?
4 How would you make your apology more sincere?
+ You trend on someone’ toe
+ You borow something without asking
+ You are late for something,
* You sy something which upsets à end.
+ Someone complains about your behaviour

1 Look at the ttle of the article on page 35. In
what ways could saying sory be powerful?

2 Read the article quickly to compare your ideas.
‘There are sx paragraphs; make a note of
which one deal wit:

A tral ativodes D personal
8 gender diferences telationshis
the writers own E awork context
‘experience F people of erent
ages

AL Now read the article more carefully. Choose
the answer (A, 8, or D) which you think fis
best according tothe article,
1 In the fest paragraph, the writers acknowledging
that
IA she’s less atrogant than she wed 10 be
B she owes a deb of grttude to her father.
€ her boyinend is more sel-sighteous than her

D her apologies fr past mistakes were
unsuccestu.

2 The ver feels hat Bish people nowadays
A tend 0 feel uncomortable when others

apologise

1 tend 10 say sony much more often than they
sed to

€ end 10 regard apologies as a sign of weakness
inornes.

1 are becoming more sincere in their apologes
3 tn the third paragraph, Paula Hall is quoted o.
Mostro
A how men and women apalogs to each her
8 hou mens arítudeto apologéing has chance,
€ how men and women apologse in diferent
ways
D ow women now apologie in a more confident
way
4 Ben Renshaw fel that modern children
A may lean inappropriate behaviour rom ther
parents.
B should not be made to apologise to their
parents
{© have to lean that thei paren make mistakes.
D need hep to interprete parents apologies.

5 Beverly Enge els that ofie workers tend to
A ignore minor dsagreements inthe workplace
B find it hard o complain about ther cobeagues

€ blame ther employers for interpersonal
dffeutes

D low smal arguments o grow into mejor
problems.

$ Which phrase used ere inthe fith paragraoh
intvoduces the idea of ‘slkng' (ine 91)
A 100 secure o admi when they ae wrong
Aine 79)
8 minor office feuds ine 82)
€ wars of anger and sience (ine 84)
1 to get back at him or he (ine 88)
7 My does the writer mention the fm Love Sta?
A mised her about something
B led her to question something
€. taught her the vale of something.
D 1 elged her to understand something,

ms ct sy 1 nc Ming mi means me of them ae ae 10 75 coms

at comes easly to. many alt thay wate wong aa sy Sr On _apdaey were gon, Unrate. many
opt. Y ow | Cn! fr 49 tw other he waren edad nary people ae Io pr, saben O Wo
2 very eg tine. 1 mas 100. 10 often Because they were a cf noc 1 a when they or wor!

5 Nur solas ond scant

Pari pocos einge “Thats ret to she ay. Conse how eg e spend

be ae 12 alga. | mad Mom to case anymore eter say Pl, Woran. eh neck ih Em al
ene I ths om y ther ang tan MP MO cenit o Me are ass man fag Wat noue fie leu
Im my men boyd mo made me eae o AN lo te poston of ening aig eto iv ates on osa
Took où yon actes. Now To lend sry when they Have Coe noting ere” no ere ange and sence. D as

0 at ot cao ve a ae misas bat Wen Games 10 apaegeng De Ege wou be a cos lem
at à magento be set) le ef gon 950 chang tica 5 opens You, 1 ak fo! an au nie
Mina en anat spl nmel. pais snd chen I. nthe post of compa o ofr cone ot

‘Ol cere, not oll OUR 0 seg. Soy mas à Gneney sect. ping et bck at hn oy toe

pm The

Ish on os eto Chen sald sey an pals de na. Sam Ian, nen a cowaer apigees,

‘ton as a woy of lasing ober people. Howe, a nem Beeren cf puns be Dg ero o cet the aso)
Ms anios em rare NS naw olas apoogsing. “Weve far sn rues sub
alo fruto cl sn anse Por Mr ron as SA. Sys) Urry, me 1970s fn Lo Soy
over sajeg sory ls abe tel 4510 eur Can comms UNE is fspene for romain 9 Te ou
armmunicaon ts Rens nd heart, ext Ben Ranson. ES 3 model for reales ano apap. hs amos

0 Tatra in eta, sg say Das Pam. aan) apogee my sen For Soga Lovee nr gos Yue
eon en moan cg Som, lol aro, tan om oo arg wäh Mm 95 Soy” ALAS tok isto Eon a 1906
Ve arme cba mosh Ive cotonly er sarlhng when Gest mart sun oe moon, yo

toon ty of king ns

he past Bit go an curs I'v say Dope tal Por rt, thm, ters, J Meer

Were me mal Ss at Unes ow propo te tar fr mt be il feed 1 use the word. BA Ve come to
> dard As a Sede we hou more bert NG mita oe ebay on ewer fase has ot Vue = I eres you ve
out ho” so coser Pad oa Sola ve soy ft pas oe re nes yo moat May ih, o
a. We oe in ht srg so Is a8 10 mt they. et A worg and thes ML. Love ot neral
‘out along yousel o be vor, eM ler ta ven a patents eae lar 1 sue, about

wich I sc a sg of sue ret fae

ing says. tears.

sn weaooss Yes earn Hom experience thst et some sfustens sag sory. 28 _ Pa 1 à come ap. is oma In
‘eg wry ernst pops repel er Een Jam paired seems bn D 25” when jou ay jou Pave to ely moon
es or rig acest wor. Parera! Bovey Mat vi xl, Y art ae Te

en used to be parry bed st 70 Engl wie conics apg serra or at you soma woe was es
‘says DA vst charg 0. Men” conponies. bees andy = Dy tho pola of You spd. So wat wre
swore ercouged 1o be commited end the man econ. means of MN youwari er? Th hades moros la
Snes; So Pau. But non is buscas daptes À lage prcenage of 110 ste mas renee

Soon OK lor ren tocar or ma wath ar! ases empleo

1 Look at these adjectives from the article. Are
they used positively or negatively?

seltsighteous ine 5) honest ine 19)
vulnerable fine 29) rogant fine 5)
eat gine 20) commited fine 36)
gb (ine 16) ‘ult ine 23)
Single-minded fine 37) a ine 83)
powerline 105) rewarding (ne 111)
Prod fine 78) stubborn (ine 78)
secure ine 79) fall (ine 67)

2 Complete the sentences with one of the
adjectives above
‘Any problems you hve, come ande me,
homever they may seem

2 We ae 10 proving a high level of service
for our cients

3 Tim afraid | may be of ghing you some
misleading informavion.

4 Nobody should ever be 100. to apologise
when they‘ in the wrong,

5 Fm alta! found most of his comments rather

and insincere,

6 Hes a very man, pou never get hm 10

change his opinion.

(6, Talk about atime when

+ you ha to make an apology
+ somebody made an apology 1 you
+ an apology might have helped à situation

Grammar 2: gerunds and
infinitives

[Bl what would you do in these situations?

IA Your neighbour pays 60 rock music very oud
very evening.

2) ing them up to complain

À) go round and ty to work outa compromise

©) play heavy metal musi even louder inthe idle
fof the night

1 A classmate tls he teacher that you copied your
Tas assignment off the internet.

a) tel the teacher about something that your
(assmate has done wrong

1) resolve never to speak 10 your classmate again

© decide not 10 cheat again

1 Read the text opposite and decide which
statement best ums up the main point

People who take revenge on others are

2) acing natural

b) behaving badly.

9 rarely justi.

2 Read the text again and complete it using
the gerund or infinitive form ofthe verbs in
brackets (in one case It could be either)

3 Find a verb in the text which has the pattern
verb + object + infinitive. Which ofthe other
numbered verbs could be followed by an
(object inthis way?

TIP! Note down verbs that are followed by
he gerund or infinitive in your grammar
checklist, together with examples.

1 Sometimes a verb may be followed by ether
the gerund or the infinitive, but the meaning

changes. The meaning may also change when

he tense changes,

Look at the pairs of sentences and answer the

‘questions.

2) John remembered 10 tll her about the change

‘of amangement

$) Peter remembered teng her about the change

‘of arangement

REVENGE, EET

‘hyo ome people ake revenge on others? Why arent
Oot ou oat proba without
ED ven wth tone bo ve har uf

Wet apparent we are imp eperiencing deeply ated |
pan tema sat Our so renga coma |
die ras ini aye emos pie pr |
annette eta Sen, |
mere Cut ts we ten pera) |
‘erly pl rater han (ie (eo) |
{
|
|
|

‘elton toate

However une anal, we als poste a highly era
‘erat cortes which Gallows 23 (a) an
re and can make revenge more han st a.
instinctive reaction. À person wh ei they have been
‘wronged may even) eos — (pn) a craie and
propriate ot ol revenge

When they consider they have een wronged in some wy.
rc anyone may attempt —" Ge) rente.
ouh appears tat older people ae more prepared |
= corp and re han he vou an Pr |
Ge) ar personal pati tro
Orgeln rather than trough coronation,

Some people suggest hat taking revenge can besemasa À
ponte move, alte youto work though our gate |
motos However ca also be dangerous, and you may
rat" in your in aston weh apy
is ou el

ae

+ Who remembered something they had to do?

+ Who simply remembered that they had done
someting?

2 a) Cates ed sending an ema to Aina to explain
is feelings, but she cit espone,

1) ove ted to send an emal to explain his

feelings, but the network was down.

iio coulda’ send an emai?

+ Who sent one, but id not get a good resul?

3 3) Andrew would lke o fin it
ane woul keto have ished it

Who cam sti finish it?

2) Jack meant 0 do the job on Saturday

1) Jon meant to have done the job by Saturday.

+ Who intended 10 do the jb at the weekend?

2 Who wanted done before the weekend?

2 One group of words connected with
observation (notice, see, observe, sense, fee,
hear, etc) can be followed by either a gerund
oF the bare infinitive.

Look at this pair of sentences and answer the
question

saw ara reading a book during te lesson,

D saw Susan read a book during the lesson,

+ Who finshed the book?

> Grammar reference p.197 (15)

AL Complete the sentences in a way thats true
for you. Use averb in the gerund or infinitive
form. Then compare your sentences with a
partner, and explain your answers.

1 When Iwas young | general wasn’ alowed
2 On Saturday afternoors | generally Ike

3 1 eneraly avoid

4 1 ral regret

5 Inte future hope

6 If someone warts to stop smoking suggest

7 | remember. at week

8 I noticed

Speaking: language of possibility
and speculation

FEE Work with a partner Look atthe three
photographs below, Discuss what you think the
felationship between the people in each
‘photograph might be.

coleagues strangers good frends
Sequaimances sings family
boyfiendtgifiend

1 How long do you thnk they've known each other?

2 Hour wel do you think they get on with each
other?

3 Why do yu think this? Explain your reasons to
yout partner.

© M Listen to some students dscusing their
ideas. Did they have the same ideas as you?

DE Lien again and compete the erences
Sih copes om ne recrcng,

1 well, ‘the young couple ae probably

24 — that it a longterm relationship.

31 that they know one another very
wel

407 they seem to be dose than that

si i they were in a eatonship
oui the of

va hat she sa friend ofthe fami.

EA Work with partner, Look atthe
photographs on page 178. Take turns to compare
Wo ofthe pictures, and say what you think the
relationship between the people might be, and
how good the relationship seems tobe,

Use of English:
multiple-choice
cloze (Part 1)

What do you notice fist
when you meet someone
for the fist time?

aie

sie

personality

Come

something ob.

How do you think
someone can make a
‘goed impression

on you?

on your parents?

1

2

Read the ttle ofthe tox.
What do you think i wl
be about?

Read the text quickly to
check

‘The truth behind a smile

People smile a (0) 8. del, and we seem to know instincuvely
that some smiles are more genuine than others. But I there
any scienue (1) —— or this? Recent research suggests
{that a mechanism inthe brain can help us (2) -—

‘whether a smile Is really heart = or whether is just

being (3) —— on for show.

(4) = to various long held traitons, a genuine smile
Involves the eyes as well as the mouth. Inthe nineteenth
(century. a French anatomist (5) — to prove this. He used.
electrodos o stimulate the fetal muscles of volunteers,

(6) —— creating false smiles. He found that real smites
‘were always (7) -—— wh the contraction of a muscle
around the eve, but that his arial induced ones were no.

During more recent research, volunteers were show a variety
of human facial (8) — and their reactions to these were
‘monitored. When they were shown a happy face. 39% of the
‘volunteers immediately started looking atthe eye area,
checking for telltale crinkes that would (9) — thatthe
‘smile was genuine: bul when shown a Sad or neural face, they
‘id not, So why did the human brain evolve 1 (10) —
‘between real and false smiles? I could be hat this ability to
(11) a quick assessment of a smile has an Important
role o play In successful communication. A genuine smile
(12) às a gesture of conciliation in cone, and its
Important 10 know whether we are really being ofered a truce
‘or not,

(NBL Now read the text again more carefully and decide which
‘answer (A,B, Cor D) best fits each gap. There isan example at the
beginning (0)

o A bg 8 gra € large D huge
1 À sn Bass € mo D tact

2 A recolect —B accept € admit D recognise

3 Apt Brought Created. D stuck

4 A Providing ® Consideing C Relting D According

5 A gotdonn B set cut E went of D cared out

6 A despre thereby E however D nonetheless
7 À asocated B mixed € joined D accompanied
8 A eıhbilons B resemblances € appearances expressions

9 A sue confirm C justly D approve

10 A decide € dstegush reckon

11 A make cdo D had

12 À aims Cotes apples

Al complete these sentences using the correct

form of a word or expression from the text.

1 She arved atthe meeting very ate, but her
apology was sincere and h_

2 Using electrodes to stimulate the fail musces of
volunteers le o the € fase ses

nen we genuinely smile, the muscles areuné our

asc

4 The eo! the human brain enables people to
Giferenate between a real and à fase smi

5 Most people cana —-— whether a smile is
sincere or et quite quickly.

6 A genuine smiles seen a5 a gesture
uring atime of conti,

7 À smiles ene of the most succesful ways of
a trendy aude.

8 Ana. smie can be spoted by most people
pera

HIS! Apart from what they say, how else can you
tell when someone i:

+ not reacting honesty to something?

+ teling a le?

+ (unrappy about something?

+ angry about something?

+ unsure about something?

WEI Discuss these questions.

1 Do you think that itis important to do scenic
‘esearch ino things such 8 sling? Wy?!
why no?

2 What effect can body language have on
communication? How can à cause
msunderstandings?

HEY! GREAT To
MEET You!

MIT 3 at mass

Writing: information sheet (Part 2)

HL Are the following statements about writing
an information sheet true or false?

You should aways use ful sentences.

You con use bullet points ana headings.

The aim of an information sheet o catch the
readers eye and make points Cat.

You should use a formal sve

You shoul pan the information sheet careful.
An information sheet is the same as an rude.

=
1 Read the task
A mn
Your school wants to help its students prepare
themselves better for job interviews by helping
‘them to become more aware of things to do
or not to do to make a good fist impression.
The Principal has asked you to draw up an
information sheet that he can display on the
careers notice board which val help student.
Vite our information sheet 20-260

2 Disuss ideas that you can include in the sheet
and make notes under these headings

+ Appearance

+ Manner

+ Behaviour

+ Dos and Don's

ER} Work with a partner, Look at the

Information sheet in the Writing reference on

page 201. Make sure that you rend and

Understand al the Dos and Don's. Plan your

information sheet and discuss these questions

1 What tne wil you give your information sheet?

2 How many sections al you have and what
headings w you use for each one?

3 Will you use à formal o informal ste?

44 Wihatis the purpose ofthe information sheet?

1 Look at the Information sheet below, which
as written in answer to the task, and
Compare your own ideas. Then discuss these
questions

1 what's wrong with the general heading? Choose
3 better one from the options below.

3) The ar of making a goad impression
E) Usetl interview techniques
€) Behaving bete in formal stations

2 ls the introduction helpful? Why” not?

3 re the diferent paragraphs cor and complete?
Does each paragraph have is own heading?

4 Does the information sheet inform and advise
readers in a coor and useful way? What technique

oes i use to do is?

‘Why can bulet points be useful? inthe exam, what

must you be rel about if you use bullet points?

OO

OO

O
O

O

E See

Information about job interviews

2 The writer has made eight spelling mistakes.
Find the mistakes and correct them,

3 The writer has also made one mistake with
modal verbs and one mistake with gerunds
and infinies. Find the mistakes and correct
‘them

1 Use the ideas that you discussed in Exercise 2.2
and write your own answer tothe tak. Use
he questions you discussed in Exercise 8.1 to
help you

2 Exchange your answer with another student
Check each others information sheets and
‘make comments on layout and style.
Remember to aso look for speling and
‘grammar mistakes

DE Writing reference p201

Prop say “yo only get one chance to
make à quad est gression’. Wat can
Joa do lo gro yar chances of
bici ths?

Aussarance

Dress smartly but don't go mer the
op. I you are ouerdreses, you creat
an inpreítion of Formal, but you
conida* dress don too much because
yen gue the impression that you
CAE care less. Hauer = à word of
warning. Aly be yourself = if you
ear clothes that are unfair, you
vall feel uacomforetable and will not
project the right mage oF yourself. Be
natural.

Manse

When ye are meeting somone for the
Sist lime, dry to scheine à balance
between Stender? ard Formality
Listen politeh, don't interragt, hue
ve fall answers whan nacestary, Never
e monosylabie. Remember yun ant
conveying an impression of quiet
confidence, not shyness or nervousness.

Behaviour
Soule! À genuine sui establishes à
relation, says that you ar

remember of others if their fue,

Det and Don'ts

Dent

+ tad too much or too quiky. TH
ques the impresion that you are

+ forget thet you can ae questions
eos It iF goad to que the
ingresion that you are interested in
other gece.

be

= vain ee contact. There rot |
torte then taking to scene who
sort io yon in the je

+ Fla |

LE you Foon this advise, you wil ake
à Sabat first gression

A Read the text below, Use the words given in capitals at
the end of some of the lies o form a word that fits in the
¿ap in the same ine. There an example at the beginning (0)

Control your anger

When a celebrity, (0) Poltica or other person in the media poumes
spotlight loses their temper in publi, they run the isk of

hiting the headlines ina most (1) way. For such EMBARRASS
(2) outbursts of ange are often triggered by CONTROL
what seem 10 be trivial mates and, if they ar caught on y
camera, can make he person appear sigh (3) Boriés RIDICULE

not only th ich and famous who are prone 10 fs of rage.

According 1 recen surveys, ordinary people ae (9) INCREASE
tending 10 lose their cool in publie

Yet anger is a potentially (5) emotion that uses up a Destroy.

lot oF energy and erates a high level of emotional and

Physical stress = and it tops us thinking rationally. (6) ‘CONSEQUENT
angry people often end up saying and doing, things they

Inter have cause 1 regret.

So, how can anger be avoided? Firstly. diet and lifestyle may be

to blame. (7) and irability certain come w the surface TOLERANT
‘when someone hasn't slept properly or has skipped a meal, and

any (8) of caffeine can make things worse Taxe

Taking regular exercise can help to case and ilfue feelings

OF) however, redacing he chances of an angry response. AGGRESSIVE
But if something or someone does make you angry, it's (10) ADVISE

not to react immediatly. Once you've eslmeé down, things won't
Tok half as bad as you frst though

21 Choose the correct alternative in each of
these sentences. them. Find the
1 Our brain a

animals can't

As we get older we should / ought be able to del
with ou own problems

"You must eau tl he wath at al times
there someone wl ind you out

3 must / have to go now otherwise be ae. 3 dont want
4 You don't have should to al anyone about his any way à po

ican may be our secret. 4 When people
5 Ofcourse you could can go now but leave theme m

quiet, please
cess

url would be very
en he sans is new jo next Week teal reget

"NIT 3 Review

3 Four ofthese sentences have mistakes in

‘mistakes and correct them,
ow us panning ur Ines wel, wich.
do

always ty to working out the best solution to
problems by talking them over with fends

to suggest hat planning revenge sn
take chances, they can rik 0 find
cat stuatons

have finshed ths by Sunday but now

have studied harder when 1

a

IT
Pushing the boundaries

Vocabulary 1 a

1 Read the text and think of the word which
WRB Discus: these questions. best fits each gap. Use only one word in each
1 What do you tink of science? sit interesting or ‘gap. There is an example atthe beginning (0)

hen schoen Dd yeu enjoy? 2 Ral the complete text again Find short
Ny no ‘phrases that mean the some a:
3 tsscence a popular subject in school? 1 produced unewectedhy
4 Do ou think everyone should study science? 2 to reach an understanding of something
YA 000, 3 separate something into smaller parts
5 Do ou thnk that science i important for you 4 onthe whole
onal?
ea WA) Do you agree with the writer that scientific
ZI Look at the tile ofthe text below. What do — knonledge has the potential for both good and
you think it will say? Read it quickly to find out. bad? Why Why not?
What does the writer say makes science
interesting?

=
= What science is all about

a

Science is not logical. (0) Fe were, stemtiss would be om of jo ase
Ie would he posible 1 explain everything (1) —— reference 0 (east as
flaws. In (2) words, re would be (3) net for experimentation
‘hat sor of scence would be boring, because last
nt of ence comes fromthe expected nature
by experimentación, I we can pred the OO

nin uhrown (5)

‘ofeach experiment, then (6) = bother te doi
What selentists do (7) — — toobserve and measure the world around diem, and
rompe (8) ——— sense of ia. They do hs by erenting plo models tt.

“Explain and predic the behaviour of small parts ofthe word, be (9) 2 he

À working ofthe heart or the Bars weather systems, These (10) lei
a reduetonie approach, in (11) — hc brea he proble dow (13) = i
ds pla connote To apa os ad vs cc compo a
in dhe way I does

“The ses of scientist have lc to an ever Inesasing nad
‘This none has the potential for gv and had, and CINES a

for ying to nisimise the (13) — a che expenst of the ter igi
(13) part, scientists want der discoveries tbe use fete Benet
humankind. hat they don have al the answers and portas AS)

‘Speaking: Parts 3 and 4 ta À

EM in Part 3 of the Speaking tes you will be
given a problem-solving task to do with your
Partner, After you have completed the task you
il be asked some general questions on the
same topic $5 Work with a partner and complete the task

Discuss the plaures on page 178 and try to
reach a decision

€ 1 Look at the pictures and listen to the
interlocutor instructions What two things do
the students have to do?

a
@2 rento wo students aking about wo ot 1
= ‘the pictures. What mistake are they making

Think about how you would answer these

‘withthe tsk? What should they be doing? en
a LESE? Va ino tay be Going * Do you think we depend on scence too much
3 Look at the following phrases, How and when nanas?

do we use them? Match them tothe functions 2 M fe aser or mor ficult without gadgets?

below. 3 Do you think that Me s general beter now than

its for our grandparent?

A you were a polla, what changes would you

ie to introdu o the way we ve nowadays?

What’ the best age for chien to sta studying

6 How can we get more young people interested in
following 3 career In scence?

So what you mean by that i
‘What | men

eel that

So you're saying that

Frm tying to sy that

How do you feel about.
seems to me that

Do you feel the same as? D 2 sten 10 wo people discussing the fist

What do you think bout (question. Do they have similar ideas to you?
Discus any similares and differences with a
partner

a iad © Ute again. Do they use ay ofthe pases

a detent at rom Exercise 1.37 What phrases do they use to
seni i add information?

@ 4 Listen to two different students talking about

‘the other two pictures, How many of the (AI Work in groups of three. Discuss all the
‘expressions above do they use? What questions in Exercise 2.1. Use phrases you have
difference does it make to their discussion heard 10 clarify, explain, ask for opinions and add
‘compared withthe students in Exercise 127 information.

UNIT 4_ a De barre

Grammar 1: conditionals
(overview)

1 Complete sentence b) in each pair so that it
has asimilar meaning to sentence a).

19) You won't pas your science test unless you
do some serious revision,

D you — some serious reviso,
al you science tes.

2 3) We dh know then what Olver would do
vith the chemistry set, ut ter on we wished
we'd never given 10 him
bie what he would do wit,
‘we'd never have given Olver the chemistry se

33-2) don't have acces tothe Internet, so dont
se my computer very much
1 y computer more

access to te merma

43) Every time you press this button, estra mik is
automaticaly ade to your coffee.

$) The machine to your coffee

‘when you

2) ant everyone who comes from London to

Stand up

DI from London,

6 à) Dorit touch this ght switch because very
stable and might give you an lec shock
By is ght sate,

ive you an ceci shock,

2 Complete these rules about conditional
sentences.

1 To gve additional meaning such as possiblity
and ab we use a modal ver such as —.

and. instead of" of

2 To express a general truth, we use fhuhen +
present simp +

3 To tak about something thats contrary to à
factin the past we use

4 To tak about something thats unikely or
contrary to present facts we vse —

5 We can use the imperative form inthe
par of the conditional suture when we want
to tel someone to do something

6 To tak about something thats possible we use

Grammar reference p.194 a.)

(I Each ofthese sentences has a mistake with the

conditional form. Find and correct the mistakes

1 Ifyou really want 10 keep up with scientific
development, you would have 10 ead more!

2 there were more information about science on
television, there's chance that young people should
‘get interested in it

3 Ter & à gen olf on sci books on the internet =
if you buy tuo, you got one free

4 wuld have done better at science when was at
Schoo if | worked harder.

5 If promises to take cae of it, wl you lend me your
video mp3 player?

6 | would’ take that job une were you!

7 he went tothe party, he might have seen her there

8 you had taken up her offer of ait, you might got
home sone,

* Here are some areas of life in which major
changes could happen in the near future, Discuss
possible changes with a partner. Then make a
‘Sentence for each one beginning If... and
‘describing a probable consequence.

Example: f cosmetic surgery becomes cheaper, more
‘people vi want fo have

2 Here are some areas in which major changes are
possible, but may be unlikely. Discuss possible
‘Changes in each of these areas with a partner
‘Then Say what changes you think could happen
and what the results would be,

Example: ars were banned from cy centres, here
‘would be les polo,

3 Think how your life would have been different if
these things had not been invented,

‘Example: f mobi phones hadn't been invente. 1
‘wouldn't have been abl 0 cal my fend so cos

{BW Workin a group. First complete the

sentences in way that is rue for you. then

‘Compare your answers with others in the group.

1 Ml have some fee time tonight, |

2 IF become completely fuen in any other
language I

3 mon a lot of money. |

4 F1 could lve anywhere inthe wor, 1

5 When | was younger if Thad known

Exam focus

Paper 4 Listening: multiple choice
(Part 1)

‘About the exam: In Paper 4, Part 1, you listen to
‘three short extracts of about one-minute each
As you listen, you anse two multiple-choice
questions

The three extracts are nat linked in any way and
you will hear a range of different speakers,
context and topes across the three texts. You
hear each extract twice before moving onto the
next one. This part of the exam tests your ability
6 understand the gist of what people say, their
Opinions, feelings and auttudes and whether or
ot speakers are agreeing with eachother.
Suggested procedure

1 Read the two questions foreach extract
"before you listen. Use the information on the
page to help you. Remember the context
Sentence on the page will give you
information about the speaker, context and
topic, and the questions themselves give you
some information about what you're going to
hear.

2 The fist time you sten, mark the answer you
‘inks correct for both questions, even if
you're not sure.

3 The second time, sen to check your answer
and to be sure thatthe other two options are
wrong.

4 If you're not sure, then guess. You've probably
Understood more than you think and you
‘dont lose marks for wrong answers.

4 png he ours

{QD You wil near tree diferent exacts. For
Genion 1.6, choose the arsuer A, Bor ©)
Stic fs bes according to what you hear There
Are two questions foreach extrck

You overhear two friends, Pil and Mir
chatting ata science conference
1 How does Miranda feel about he job?
A disappointed with the salary
1 xen 1 sta doing more practical work
€ optimiste about her chances of promotion
2 at drawback of his cure teaching job does
pnl menton?
A the consvants be works under
8 the arte of students
€ tea ol cities

You hear a married couple talking on the radio
about ther family ie

3 The man says thatthe ony ésadvantage of having
such a large family
A tests ther aby 10 make longterm plans
B it hard to respond t each childs partuar
needs
€ it makes it fut o do things on the spor of
the moment,

4 The woman tls us about their holiday plans in
order 10 ses that
A problems can occur wherever you o.
E éhddren shoul be included in actes their
paren enjoy.
€ its better not wo be overambitous in planning
family acts,

[Eso Thee)
You overhear two work colleagues talking.
5 What the man doing?
A apologsing for something
8 blaming someone els for something
explaining how something happened
6 How does the woman eac?

A She admits that shes had simiar experiences.
18 She ass him on a sense couse of ection.
© She rassues hem that nes done the right ring,

Reading: gapped text (Part 2)

{Bt Are you an optimist or a pessimist? Do you
think that things happen randomly, or for à

1 Read the fist paragraph of the article below.
Do you think the writer is going to be positive
or negative about life? Explain wat you think
"Murphys Law is

2 Read the whole aril. Six paragraphs have
been removed from the article. Choose from
the paragraphs A-G the one which fits each
‘gap (1-6). There is one extra paragraph which
You do not need to use

At you were to spread some jamon ice of bread and
then acetal ro e Murphys Law dicas that it
woudl annoyingly on the sde coated with jn. OF
1 ou were dev haslyto reach an important date

5 Morphy’ Law dats that your car or he st ine
In gear would ol cours. break down.

A

Ein Morphy was an engineer withthe US Ale

ce He coin te erm ding project o ts the

tolerance of human blogs o een fom the atest

Jetarral The poet nro shooting rocket sos

across the base accelerating vlunter pasenges 10

Speeds In exces of 630 miles per hour, which then

Hopped in LA seconds. For one of the experiment,

ten sensors had tobe glued to volum by.

‘These were two ways these could be attached and.

“une. ech tended 0 get stick on the wrong way

round.

eel

Moreover the project manager kept ast of laws dat

he deemed va othe sucess of ture experiment.

He aed the new Murphys Law. thus making i

Integral othe aviation industry. Other manufacturing

Insts ph up onthe useful new tem and soon it

as bc uote in newspapers and mans nd, in

1958, was included in bt inary.

PP A
You do not. for example, make a (moin plug
symmetcl then label 1 This way Up I mates
‘whlch way ts plugin. you make it asymmetcal in
‘shape Tiss not say thatthe a has no use anay

*MURPHY'S LAW

“THAT QUEUE IS MOVING FASTER THAN
THIS ONE — I'M GOING To JOIN IT!

‘fom manufacturing ndsties or that ts eer to
20 every fe.
AAA
"Thee another name lo such examples — Sodi Law”
This te Is dev om the at ha mati,
catastrophe ct 0 wreng wil go wrong o
the poor soul who eds I eat. There ae countess
‘otha example among them: Lato La ich ou
ave bean plying the same numbers sine draw
number one. You fancy a change and then your
‘nga numbers are drawn. Pu, Ts Law; which
‘aes that f ou need o cary cl he or she al
‘want to wal los hat you needa chido walk
eo ahe wl wuntto be care,

a
But despite this Jong podre, there I no scene
evidence to suport Murphy's Law sl IC all dow,
Lo perception. The alarm dock tht fled 10 0 a
‘when you Medel mos hak probably ben la
‘lable for many years. The ft Is that you only
register th occasion that cause problems and no the
ovens of tines your day starts smoot

en
Bot while It Is posible that Eduard Murphys
announcement has se tof Ins, the sd fact
‘hat he was Kill by hs own lan. One erening
Murphys car ran out of peo. He ited to à
petrol sation, corel facing the oncoming trae.
Bar wos struck rom behind by a Bats warst who
55 vas dering onthe wrong ide ofthe rod

weve theresa senti pletion ia
that bade pes. something can >
veros, By working on the as,
‘Sens try to imite any posi of
‘ister o far, eather than est
proba

In eat, Morph Lave hasbeen around
long ble homens wald the plane. You
can inogine» wounded diosas making
his way home nd being eontonted by two
“ire nd unknaen routes One ee to
home and salty. the ther to an ambush =
and weal know which oe he woul take
In short. f anything ean go wrong it wil,
‘oc as Edward À Margy ist sida 1939:
there re wo or more way todo.
something. ad one of oso can resol
atasteophe. then someone will This
Sad rath was the bas promise ol Murphys
Lan

So. we should remember hat Mur av
1 nt st à romana comment to spa
y bead wold al jam Sd done. an
Integral ar wie pecto!
technical cultures and only y employing
Murphy's Law and acing Upon lc
‘engineer be lost cr that not
‘al wrong. In sme cies th plate
1 knw seen des

‘This what el dant Margy o
pronounce the aw Shot less at
(press conference the acs pod solely
eco was pt dow t's fem Bebe in
‘Murphy's Law and othe acest of
checkng everyting ice nd te spin
document.

‘The most popular of se anything

Sometimes lcd tn ingles Law us
popularised nthe science fin noes of
Late Sven, edited ont culture
‘faster mines who worshipped te
rca god Finale and is mad pope,
Murph

Today Mach Laws general Ich
upon as bin ss associated wih ese
and sense manufacturing etngue and
toc tothe stress four made i nd
ls ne angle cholo Take he alan
“lo A ot the ase hat whenever yon
han something important to doth next
morning alarm wi nat oil Or
Sscalators = cu tb that he rst ón you
Fin saleays ging he wong way?

IT 4 shy des

931 Match the words and phrases to the closest
‘meaning. Look back atthe tex 0 see if you were
right.

1 coated (para 1) data
2 hastily (para 1) 2) tn an injury

3 cainatem(psra2) increasing speed

4 accelerating (pora 2) 6) mowing staircases
5 deemed pora 3) © name something

€ wounded (option 8) 1) ina hury

7 ambush (option 8) g) covered with

8 nevetangled(opton G) N) considered

9 escalators (option G) 1) contusingy modern

HA Discuss these questions.

1 Do you havea term for Murphys Law in your language?
what ie?

2 Do you bee int, or do you think that things happen
by chance amd you only remember the bod ones?

Listening: sentence completion
(Part 2)

{E48 You will ear part of a radio programme in
which a scence book called The Red Canary by
Professor Tim Birkhead is being reviewed. Complete
the sentences,

‘The Red Canary
Profesor Tim Bikes ld of tty
a a
“The spate fk ht Po. Bikes bok
Tal me category known as)
‘Te speaker pres equ of
Pot Bundes)
“The books mostly ab a man ale Hans Danke,
who wood a à — (Qin Germany
Hans Duncker se ut prove Bathe cal et à
nat it s
‘Te speaker fest (of te
ook mesas experte ci
ane Dance wok nt what woud be call
rotas

‘The fc amigos eat)
spin ir pi colo,

22 Would you be interested in reading a book ke
this? Why? y nor?

Do you think that scientists should interfere with the
genetics of plants and animals?

LIT 4_ Rang rondes,

I. Look at the text. Can you work out which
medical discovery being deseribed in each
fection? Write the name of the discovery as à

Vocabulary 2: word formation

heading A, 8, Cor.

nn nn

Medical discoveries made
by chance

Not al ees mishaps have a bad end,
In ate story of sence fall of
‘store of how people made ell
important che (1)
acide:

For example,
‘war gere when Dr Fleming spotted some
‘ould owing on a Pet dal Les well known
dae haw not the only Bake in the dre
discover Sn ears 2)

minga ou cars al ont a Bacteria sample,

ke wel know tha thi dog

‘ne of

Me found thatthe po where fel ened
ser es th ha ave the We that

sil compounds might show some (3)
moter)

Read the ext again. Use the word given
in capitals to form a word that fits in
each numbered gap.

BREAK 6 creDınLE
PREVIOUS 7 ACCIDENT
RESIST 8 MIRACLE
crow 9 DIAGNOSIS
BOTANY 10 PHOTOGRAPH

Write the words from above. There is
sometimes more than one word

à compound noun made from a phesa ve)
breakthrough

an acuer made from an adjective

an adjective made hom a noun

an acvero made fom a noun

3 noun formed rom a ve

3 noun formed rom another noun

an active formes Hom another adective

ses
Aner medical discovery came about when caution
farmers asked why ther ower welds ios.
(9 ver hat he ps that war being un
ol the greenhouses was the reason, The gas was
(hen ound to hae ven ore (0) ——
Properties when humana were exp

ae
condi dis drag vos
“Uncovered hen South
"Aris man withthe case
D" rank water fom a
he comtanatd by he ap
from a particular tc. Mb fever
Men) spare,

ool wax discovered
when a phys was staying
eher cathode rays col
cape fom a as te wrapped
In paper: Wher they towel upon
force ren a metre aay, he
read new pe of ay could even
record human don on = G0)
ete

[BB Discuss these questions.

2

Grammar

‘What do you think have been the most significant
medial discoveries in hor?

mat medical icones do you think wil be made in
the future?

-onditionals (advanced)

nich ofthe options below are grammatically
possible to complete each sentence? Tick all the
possible options.

He would never have become famous

3) had he been a typical cent.

1) he had been 2 typical scent.

he must have been typical scientist.

Pease ask the doctor for my test results

3) you happen to se her

D) you shou ee her.

i you se her

were you to see her.

;

3 0) Supposing people could ve fortwo hundred
years
E) Event people cou ve for two hundred yeas,
© In case people coud Ive for two hundred yeas,
imagine that people could Ive for two hundred
yeas,
ova many would really want 10?

4 2) you were 1 find some of his DNA,
you had found some of his DNA,
{© Hed you found some of his DNA,
{Provided that you found some of his DNA,
i il ung that you could done Willa
Shakespeare,

5 rset the doctor is ree
a) yout wat her.
2) if you wait hee
O1 you were to wat hee

$ would be delighted for him to patate in the
research
a) unless he would agree to share the costs.
b) were he to age to Share the costs.
«as ong she would age 10 share the costs

2 Look at all the conditional causes you ticked,
and highlight ther structure.

Vich correct sentenceloption uses

1 another linker with a similar meaning to i: 32.

2 were o (stresin that something is hypothetica in
the conditional cause:

3 à modal verb (suggesting hat something
“nlc in à condition cause:

4 happon 10 (suggesting hat something is unikey)
ina condivona cause
5 an inversion in condional cause:

6 renga wig in he au

3 One ofthese statements is fase. Find the false
statement

2) Using an inversions more formal than wing i.

') Supposing and imagine are more polite than i

© Using f+ wastwere to stresses that we are aking
about a hypothetical event

+ wil used in polte requests

> Grammar reference, p.194 (3)

Watch Out! in case and if
I case doesnot have he same meaning sf

Im case is used 10 tk about precautions -
something we do to prevent or avid a problem.

take some suncream with you in case you need it
Use your suncteam if you sunbathe

182) One word is missing in each of these
sentences Put it in the correct place,

Example:
Wore
You 10 continue with your studies, Ham sure you
would become a competent scientist.

1 We spent mor time studying, we might have been
more successful

2 you juste patient, rm sur the teacher willbe
here soon,

3 tere say that wanted to become a cents,
what would you say?

4 Ifyou happen se the fm before do, please don't
tel me he end!

5 Supposing | changed the date of your
appointment, that bea problem

HAI Rewrite the sentences using the words in

brackets.

11 won't use wireless connection o the internet if
Tem or sure its sate. unless)

2 You wouldn't have this problem if you'd taken my
advice. ad)

3 Imagine that someone found a cure for the
common cold, they would be famous! (were)

4 leant find my car keys =f you find them by
chance, could you al me? (happen)

5 The game tonight wil nt be cancele ithe
weather improves. (proved that)

6 i she works hard, she wil be successful
(2s ong 38)

Al Work with a partner. Look at the dilemmas
below, and discuss what you think the solutions
‘ould be. Then think of another dilemma to ask
‘other students in the cass to discuss.

{you happened to think that your fend was
spending too much time paying computer games,
at would you do?

I you happened to see someone traveling on à bus
‘bout à ice, what would you 607

Vocabulary 3: collocations, fixed
phrases and idioms

Collocations

A collocation is a combination of words that
are usually used together, eg. catch a cold.

IM The verbs in the following sentences have

Similar meanings, but only one wil colocate with

the following noun. Choose the best verb to

complete the sentences. Then underline the full

Collocation.

1 Some people can hols maintain kp their
breath under water fr along time.

2 Footbalers are at risk of injury, and often bend /
‘a ost her ane o kn,

3 Athlete can pul / ag / haul a muscle if they
don't warm up proper before they run.

4 Scientists can get/ make have a Go0d ing,
especialy i hey vete books

5 People hack prob look nto computers o get
personal information legal

6 you use the Internet alot, you shoul abs
note / bookmark / book your favourite web pages.

It important o pod rank order your work

0 that you can make the best use of your time.

8 Scientists conduct control check experiments on
animals before tying new cru on humans,

IH choose the adverb which collocats best

wi the adjectives in these sentences.

1 The play was utery main Mlaous could
stop laughing

2 She was bitterly completo appointed with his
reaction to her news

3 The projet was huge) great successful, and
changed the company’s approach to sales.

4 He fel toaly/ deeply grateful for having been
given the opportunity 10 do the jo.

5 He was absolutely / enormously mpresse by her
knowledge of technology

6 She was complete) exactly absorbed inher work
rd hated taking hobs

TPT When you learn new vocabulary, write
down all possible colocation. This will make it
tasier 10 remember and use correct

Fixed phrases

A fixed phrase is a combination of words that
are always used together, eg, a matter of
opinion,

[BBL Match the sentences halves, The expressions

in bold make fixed phrases which follow the

pattern noun + of + noun,

1 You have every right to express your ov point

2 Everyone has to provide proof

3 Everyting she said was a pack

4 When something goes wrong in the scence lab it
may be an accent, a twist

5 Children should be encourage to develop a sense

2) of fies, and did't belive a word fit

1) of view, but am eniled 10 disagree with it

© of identity when they set up à mobile phone

(9) of curiosity as this wil ap them develop
Scene sl.

©) of fate or just an unforeseen chemical reaction

Idioms

An idiom is group of words that has a
diferent meaning from the usual meaning of
the separate words, e. apiece of cake =
something that ls easy to do.

AL Look at what people have said. Which
sentence answers the questions below? They are
not in the same order

Example:
1) Designing a website isnt rocket science

1m sorey = ust don’ think that designing a
websites that fui

2 Ive jus bought a new computer and m hoping
that my father wil pay fo

3 had hear from her for years, so her email was
totally unexpected

4 think thatthe way they tale o each others the
real sue

5 You'e always taking a isk wth advertising - its
impossible 10 be precise with your predictions of
prof

2) Wat at the rot of the problem?

À) What came out of the blue?

9 Who wil hae to foot the bt?

«What rocker scence?

6) What rt an exact cience?

Exam focus

Paper 3 Use of En
sentences (Part 4)

gapped

About the exam: In Paper 3, Part 4, you are given
sic sets of three separate sentences, each one
‘with a gap, For each set you have to find one
word which can il al three gaps: the word will
Always be in the same form and wil aways be
sed as the same part of speech.

This task tests your knowledge of vocabulary.
Different words wil fit inthe gaps in the
Sentences, but only one word wil final three
So it snot possible to base your answer on only
one sentence, or even on two of them,

The best way to prepare for this exam task is to
record vocabulary In phrases rather than single
words, ad to check all possible meanings and
allocations of words ina dictionary such as the
Longman Exams Dictionary.

Suggested procedure.

1 Read through the three sentences. you think
of à possible word to fil the gap, do not
‘write anything until you have read all the
Sentences and you are sure that the word fits
all three context

2 Ifyou cannot immediately think ofa suitable
‘word, check what part of speech i required,
+. noun, verb or adjective. You wil probably
‘ready know the main meaning of the word,
but you may not recognise it immediately in
these contents, Look carefully atthe other
‘words inthe sentence and see If they suggest
any collocations or grammatical patterns (e 9.
look at prepositions

3 if you sil can't think of a possible word, leave
the question and go back to it later.

4 Check the dictionary definition ofthe word
you have chosen, Does it ital three uses?

Pur we ore

For questions 1-5, think of one word only which
can be used appropriately in all three sentences.
Here isan example (0).

Example:
O The aim ofthis task iso est your knowiedge of
vocabulan,
The drug company has decided not to Ben is
products on animals in future.
In order o EE out hi new theory, the sent
Pas taken out he university laboratory
1 Inthe —___ term, there is very litle chance of
funding or further research into the mate.
There val be à break after the nen lecture
to gue students the chance to rab a colle.
After climbing o the top ofthe sas, the elderly
professor was rather "= of breath
Te scent’ proposal todo further research into

his subject has been ——— by the finance

Wien there was a total chips, the moon
completey — out the aight ofthe sun.

The rod tothe port has been complete
jan overturned lr

3 i the college buys is computer equipment in buk,
it may get a sped tom te super.
There has been a great of money invested
in rer nto global warming in recent year
Some people complain about having to walk home
In he dark, Bat for me 001 —

a the weather deteriorated it became obvious
{hat we would have to _ back and finda
hotel in the town we just passed through
When you see the hotel on your let, you ned to

fight immediately aherwars.
yeu the piece of paper ove, you see
my adress on the Back

5 Terry inthe ——— of applying for a new job with
a pharmaceutical company,

Scents are developing a new that wl
on mineral o be extracted from waste.

You must check the temperature at each stage in
the cheese-making

Writing: article (Part 2)

IE In Paper 2, Part 2, you may be asked to

‘write an article, This can be on à range of topics

for differen types of reader, but there are some

features that are true of any article.

1 Look back at the article on page 46. Which of
the following statements about articles isnot
te?

An aride:

+ should have an intersting te

+ should have an engaging opening paragraph to
‘atch the readers interest, which can inde or
begin with a question to volve the reader

+ should have bat pons and headings

+ canbe in a formal, informal or neutral style
depending on the target reader

+ shoul ish with à statement or conclusion which
sums up and gives the writer opinion

+ can talk to the reader direct, using Y.

2 What other ways can you think of to make an
“article Interesting for readers? Choose the

most important from the lst

inde structures to provide emphasis

Provide specific examples to state points, not

fost general statements

+ use drect speech where appropiate

+ use paragraphs
‘sea range of intresting vocabulary ad a variety

of structures

=

1 Look at the writing task below and answer the
questions,

* How many things do you have o do? Underine
them

2 Who wil ead your aie?

3 What style would be best forthe target reader?

An international magazine for young people
thas asked readers to send in ries on the
topic of ‘Computer games - a complete waste
‘of time and money’ Wit an arce
Supporting or dsagreeing with the statement,
and gie your reasons.

Write your arte in 220-260 words.

2 Look atthe two introductory paragraphs.
Which one is

1 mote formal?

2 more suitable as the invoduction to an atl for à
Student magazine? Why?

A

Sone people any Mat Conger ganas are à
ste of tine and more, bor offers pos we.
poste part of ve, Thee are cas facroro |
‚Mar can be area on tom ses, era Me nee

Do yeu love computer ganas or hate tha?
then your point oF ven, you oe wot deve!
‘Such ganas Hand #0 bring about extrem
vesctions in people, od He is ite wid
raw Why is thi? Lats Fd out

1 Decide whether you agree with the statement
in the task, and write down three main points
that you want to make.

2 Starting with the introductory paragraph you
chose in Exercise 22, write three new
paragraph, one for each point you want to
‘make, Remember to support each point with
extra tals, and to link your paragraphs
together.

3 Write your conclusion. lt can be a whole
paragraph, or Just one or two lines. Remember
to return to the topic, and to summarise your
‘own opinion,

EMI Use your grammar checklist to make sure
you have not made mistakes, then exchange your
Article witha partner. Does your partner find
your article interesting? Do they have any
Suggestions for making it more Interesting?

>> Writing reference p.208

17 Read the text below and think of the word
‘which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each
gap. There is an example at the beginning 0)

How you can help science

Granny finds evidence of alien ie using the PC
es daughter bought her so (9) A. they
could keep (1) — touch vis emails. An
Accountan discover a cue for cancer while
taking a break (2) — processing tax
eum on his laptop, A teenager pets a comet
heating G) Earth and was
sovernment sie abouts. Do yo thik
these tos are ue or false?

Although they sound (4) — the unie.
plats of Hollywood blockbuster, they could all
become rea ie stores thanks 1 a quiet
revolution that may change (5 —— face of

An American computer sient realised that
most PCS spend lr of tie doing nahing
except displaying screensavers, and decided 1
put the technoloical power ofthese se PCS
© we. He se up the SETI@home
projec, in 7) PC owners agreed 10
Siow their le computers to scou radio
asuonomy data or signs (8) — — Me on
‘ther planets 9) expense was required.
on the (0) of the PC owner and
rmilions hae signed (11) worldwide.
Sucklenly he dea of someone's grandmother
becoming the fst 0 ind Esta Terrestals
(Soc lok que (12) al.

3) a result there 6 now growing,
publi involvement in genuine, hving science.
Fo veus the word “amateur has been
shorthand for Sloppy’ and muddle headed, but
the word comes frm Latin where it means “one
ho loves something. Maybe science s no.
19 for profesional after 15)

and we should all lean 10 love i

LALA >

92] Read the text again. Answer the
questions.
1 Where do you think the text was writen?
ai a trendy magazine for teenagers
in serious senil journal
¿ina popular science magazine for general
interest
2 Who do you think are the target readers?
2 scientists
banyone
teachers
3 What style isthe text writen in?
2 most formal
2 most informal

031 Find words or phrases in the text that
mean the same as the words In italics the
following sentences. Which words are more
formal?

1 She wanted to maintain contact with er (par 1)
2 He was relaxing. (para 1)

3 A teenager observes a comet (ama 1)

2 He esabished the project. (para 3)

5 lions of people have registered. (para 3)

6 More people are taking part (para 4)

1 Find these words in he text. What part of
speech are they? What are the other forms
Of the same ward?

technological warn revolution
‘expertise evidence genuino

2 Complete the sentences using the correct
form of a word from the box above,

1A teenager emailed a — to he
government about he dangers ofan

— manu,

tm afraid gadgets unnene me)

3 Hes a al" on astroramy- heres
nothing he does know about the stars

When the mouse mat was fist introduced it
‘was regarded 35 à new dea

5 was —— suprised bythe succes of the
projet.

IT

Listening 1: multiple matching
Part 4)

1 answer the questions

Vine nas he astm you
play ten?
wore swimming?
ran a mou?
took pari tam spon?
ns week last week ast year never

How ou oo about spo?

He watching sport but ot playing
Lie watching ad playing sport
ao poc because

2 Compare your answers with a partner
and the rest of the dass. Is sport generally
Popular? Why2nWhy not?

Thrills and skills

om
1 How do you think the world of sport has changed
since your parents were young? Listen to fire
‘people talking, Match each speaker (1-5) to one of
the topic (A+). There is one topic you do not need

rouse,
A reasons for taking partin spon Speaker! CTA
B the sporting facies avalsle Speaker 2 CZ
innovations in spor speaker 3 C13)
atstuces towards heath and fitness Speaker 4 CTA]
E the cost of buying sports equipment Speaker 5 TB]

F the income and status of sports stars

2 Do you agree with what these people say? Would
you add anything? How do you think these things
might change in the future?

es

© 1 Now listen to two people talking about sport, Using
points A-F above as headings, make short notes
About their ideas, and compare them with yours

(Da ste again. what unvsual sports do the speakers

1 Work with a partner. Imagine that you are
developing a new spor, and are going to combine
two different sports in the way that Boxercise or
Bouncy Boxing do. Choose from the sports below,
and think about:

+ which two sports you want to combine

+ ow you woud play your new sport,

+ why people wou enjoy i

+ what you would clit

temis hockey horsesidng basketball

trampolining basebal anyother

cxng

2 Tel other students about your new sport. Make
Sure you give reasons why people would enjoy it.
Then vote for the new sport the dass would most
like to ty,

Grammar 1: intensifiers/modi
mu

1 Look at these two sentences from the
listening. Underline the modifier and the
‘agjectve in each sentence, Can you think of
any other intensifies you could use with each
adjective?

2) Tobe perfectly honest

1) Profesional sports very conservative at heat

2 Read the text below. Decide if you can use one
of both ofthe alternatives in each case.

EXTREME SPORT

‘ex Mero sa oie My ste do 13
case sei ac o peed Ths cms 1) ge
ask dr wen sm desc tbh as
led un chen comp

gt hon he ac ls oy nd e /eay

ep. als whe the ped i nd ome 4 ey
‘stele ams ls ek How log dt a he
se she gs) ute toy init |
48 cé. Te aged he much god |
‘he oy ting sprite ts y Fe ei

‘san cel ton lates in era, et
iy em) / y id ade os

y atone mee ses. han e's ong at 508
ptr es to me dcs) ey ty

Sr en gus mel. e nol erre cone
(asain yong A her be

es pe tat er so es we ned han hes Ale
IS) stg amp tones Te mare mon =

cause al BA do pay = (10) rv)
reriyingocant 1 me ad stan nage how bing

ps à

1 Decide which of these adjectives from the text
are gradable, e, interesting, and which are
Ungradable, eg. impossible write G
{aradable) or U (Ungradable) next to each one.

1 eat 6 lites
2 genie 7 shot

3 steep 8 overelning

4 amazing 9 honest

mind towing 10 important

2 Look at the following mosifiersintensifies

Using the text to help you, decide which you
can use with gfadable adjectives and which
you can use with ungradable adjectives. Write
Gor U next to each one.

3 Which modifie from the box above can be
sed with both gradable and ungradable
adjectives?

IE There are four mistakes with modifiers in

the sentences below. Find the mistakes and

correct them.

Y Hound the whole situation absolutely
embarrassing

2 every resentful about having to work a the

3 Everyone in the team was quite confident about
wining the game

A She fe ttery nervous before going onstage

5 | was completely disguste by hs ad behaviour

6 it shoul be very cea that the situation totally
dieu

Hs suggestion i absoltey ridiculous!

"fing he plan rather acceptable

D Grammar reference p.195 (8)

I Te another student about the lst time.
hat you felt

+ realy hot

+ quite sated with something you'd done

+ totaly amazes

+ extremely happy

+ rather annoyed

+ absolute emausted

fait supe,

Exam focus

Paper 1 Reading: multiple matching
(Part 4)

About the exam: Paper 1, Part 4 isa multiple:
matching task. The texts on one topic, but may
be divided into diferent sections. You have to
match 15 questions toa particular piece of text
Suggested procedure

1 Read the instructions carefully

2 Read all the questions highlighting key words
and phrases.

3 Read the whole text quickly to get an idea of
the content of each section.

4 Look at each question in turn, Find and
highlight the pieces of text which talk about
these ideas (here will probably be more than
one,

5 Read the sections of text carefully to decide
which 5 the best match.

6 If you're not sure of an answer, move on to
the next question - this will save time. Go
back to those you're not sure about atthe
end.

7 tthe end make sure that you've answered all
‘the questions, and that youve used all the
possible keys (A-D) I you're sti unsure of
Some answers, Hien guess. Remember there
are no penalties for wrong answers in the
Sam and your instinct may be right!

{Bl You are going to read an article containing
information about four different sportsmen. For
questions 1-15, choose from the sections (A-D).
‘The sections may be chosen more than once.
Which sportsman

admits to enjoying the competitive aspects
this spon?

ets pleasure rom doing somethin that
‘wouldn't normally be alowed?

feels that some people watch the sport in
the hope of seeing accidents?

Suggests that people may havea wrong
impression of Ns este?

has the ocasona mishap when taking
Porn is spor?

as recemly cutback on his expenditure
in the spor?

Das recent fl a long he ambition? [2
hel otr people when they having

sites? oo
À modes about the evel of sucess hes

an a]
is ooking or height combination of

factors incase is peed? or
remember he moment when he deed

tohave à 0 atthe spor? =

mentions the unpredictable conditions
affecting his performance?

Says that he achieves greater speeds than
parigpants in similar sports?

spends his re time on the upkeep of his
equipment?

lack the financial resources to take par at
he level he aspire 107

=

1 Compare jour answers with another student

+ you lok at he same pics ft or ch

+ Did yu make the same al choke?

2 Double check any questions to which you have
different answers.

{BBE Look at these words and expressions from
the text. Match them to the word which is closest
10 the meaning in context.

| to get oid off (A) 2) to be excited by

2 10 topple @) 1) to fea busy

3 togetin the way) © to fall

4 towhizz about @) d) to make small
adjustments

5 10 tweak (©) 9) to tolerate

6 toputvpwith(C) N to complete a race

7 to get buzz from (0) 9) o obstruct

8 ocios the fishing 1) to move quickly

Ine D)
9 tobehectc() D 10 bereprimanded

IA Discuss these questions.

1 Which, amy, o these sports would ou ty?
Why? not?

2 Why ate people atracted t actes Ihe these?

3 are there any disadvantages to people doing por.
Ike these? For participants? For others?

4 Should these sports be allowed?

Thrills and skills

Our reporter Jo Malone talked to four men of speed

atamaran poor
Tie our ater son overs Ropers
middle ame con scully be

Arena In sod fr cs of
brat kp and hey normaly
ace at around the 15Aph mark
Ropers aed of powerboats
Sis ling love with he po im

1993 aná simo viese fom rang hiso

manning horca: and emery Bst ic He would
Tove ac 1e Formula One powerboats which hi seeds
‘of abou 260 but an afl sa pesen A a
‘worl motor facing, 1 you move dv the rains rom
Touro om, so the cat of taking par ric armer
Roger aces al oer Europe cui the if he ace
a els the chaneto go nei ft Whee le tbe
‘worl can you drive boat wf vou te and no et
{oi ff for? Ts an ince eng to die stom
Seater HD fs ie Lol ph, Every ch of
Sr irn, tee’ te wind and te wees fom the
Bank an fom other era. I meer the same he sy
Que he action man. Rogers oer interes ne la
fining ln» rl ar, canon and sling Ive ek
dor yeas and ale doe race”

STEVE: Parker
Ste sport may be one of the
‘lowe aman vids ut gts
his ban pumping Herds a wind
powered Ki baa. abo known a
Para, at about S6kph In ls
Three machine, Seve sis
‘italy onthe pound and Jes be
oes tape ou sometimes "Were
‘only couple of ihe off the pound ad tel ery
uE nde; say 29-year Seve The eon iit ver
Sth and Steve hs fr ouched han hoping
Fd th wind and sua condos tna si allow mo
go esca quier "The songs the width sale the Ke
Se bet he tye Slee mal Le day be poned he
‘heros ts and bugs and id it war a sort be
Fado ey ve ur ok bask tins Ike the aden
‘iad the ec of conse See ots ofa
Wind's an ‘amazing thing! e sys He andi Tow
parait need age areas of fit ard rd sch 3 à
beach ora pk with mown geass where there ar Too
many goalposts 10 et inthe way He says e paras are
{usher tha he sun, wo we sae bu whi
‘Show on srtons on the wan coulda lord ht,

C AMIE Motte
e
Tie loves the her til of
fing extremely fs, extreme
os 10 the ground, on his
‘motte He cet tthe
Powerful. Sapere cas of
mower 100 Biks or the
spero ru btu ch
fun, super mono motorbie as. That our re Sage
der Tce Bes whieh easy reach speeds of aba
kp om the tek. He rider for racing tem and
compete viral er ler when in be min can.
from pl 1e September pacing or taking bs bes
‘Ser igh a ves th UL someting hat
Tye tee ino tat ges me the cent 1 He’ he says
wi Amanda ges o weich ad generally pts up th
mans of moore al, On of the es on the
Sheu, Jamie dosh ide a ro meierike T net
ner. wal go ft and ace he ay He adi
hat some pete ar party watching to se te cases
None want tor any ur buts gate peste
shen thy fal oe sy

D RALPH: Form One
racing her
cing der Raph adore
baring aber wt 320Kph on the
Formula One racetrack"
started when vas en ea ol
sas my ia an Bad à
days gearing as surprise
ret Fd that fora ea at
shied que bi ol suce” Thi an dette
Sse won vitally cy tae around. By the ine he vas
four ating had become mar than à by, and be
‘as tng all ver Europe to compet wanted to o,
{be Formula One fom that fr ey marc cg o
pego chance hs ya ea dream come ue The
Fr no you dee the ca amas Qu, but afer
ha you et ae othe sped and dont notice i What 1
gt realbuz foo gone round in a good time or
aig ie ang In ahead of my opponent Pop
¡ink motor racine very amorous sun with sol
‘hinge going on. bu the ae ar ery busy with te eam
and the mei, so you dont pt ose 0 mach of whaler

‘keke omg on Maybe fhe ed ofthe yea, abeto
SE a rel à ut for now i prety ce

Vocabulary 1: word formation
(prefixes)

HEIL Look at the prefixes in the box. Although
they do not mean anything by themselves, they
are used to make words negative or opposite
Work with a partner and write down two
adjectives for each one using the pref. They
may be negatives or opposites. You can use a
dictionary if you need o.

(BBL Work with partner. Take turns to read one
(of the following statements o that your partner
can contradict it using a word with a prefix from
Exercise 1. Remember to tres the prefix
‘Example:
A: think the new stadium has very comfortable
sets
B: Oh, real — think the sat in the new stadium
are ery uncomfortable.
That information f completely relevant to this
dscusson.
Wien read it thought the Ideas in his proposal
for a new sports lb were totaly logia
3 The young foobar interviewed on tevion lst
ight seed very mature for his age.
“4 Children nowadays seem to be more obedient than
Inthe past,
5 found that last statement quite beievabe.

1 Some prefises have a dictionary definition.
Look atthe prefixes in bold in ach of these
‘sentences, Match them to their meanings
below.

1 Yout have to rerun the ace, asthe result wasnt
ces.»

2 The Engish team were completely outplayed by
the Austral,

3 ¡completely misheard the vain instructions,
and fan ten mies instead of en kilomebes.

4 He overate and put on so much weight that he
was depp from the team,

5 Lar very antisocial when Fm taining for a
competion ~ I never go outwith fiends because
always have eat nights

6 ve eae Lance Armstrong autob ography sx
times = thine is ral inspiring.

7 The player mos not fing wel, and
underperformed in he fina

8 There was a kind of postmortem after the team
les the game, to try to find ut what went

wrong
9 Do you use a monolingual dictionary in ass?
10 ind easier to use a lingual tionary when
Fm traveling = is quicker!

2 les of an action or quality than is core,
needed or desired

1) again

opposite

d ater

9 baaywongly

D. twaidouble

9) 100 much

I being or becoming bigger, further, greater, ec.

D ongle

D ol orby yourset

2 How does knowing the meaning of the prefix
help you understand the word?

EM Decide which prides from Exercise 3
can be used with each of the words below. Then
rite a sentence using each one to bring out

its meaning

Use of English: word formation
(Part 3)

=

1 Look at the tte of the text on page 59. What
do you think “counterfactual thinking’ might
involve?

9) secing things in an unnecessary negative way

D not setting yourself high enough goals in ite

© convincing youself that ase things are tue

2 Read the text quickly to see if you were right
Do you believe that people realy think in this
way? Why?AWhy not?

12! Read the text again. Use the words given in

capitals below the text to form a word that fit in

the numbered gap. There is an example at the
beginning (0), Remember to look out for
negative prefixes

Counterfactual thinking

Sometimes the way we view lf seems to be determined
ot by what relly happens ous, so much a by oor
(0) pereption of what happens. Tis is sometimes
called comnteíacial ing. Lets look a ie example
of sport For hose who come second in à race ir

{D winning rats an tense eling of
{RD and hey need wo find an excuse fo ele
“allure Conversely, brome (3) — in fel lucky
because they meal dt win anything at all. W's the
same feling yom gt when a fic hldup leads you o
mis ight Missing by an hoor i much ess

9 than sing it by just a few irte.
Antec type of counter! thinking ocur when we
‘egret dong tings that couse probs far more than we
egret dons nothing. even though (9) ——— cn ead to
Jus as many problems as (6) actions.
‘Counsfactal thinking alo happens when we ink.
shoul he pat and wish tat someting had o as nt
Hopper. This dese canbe so (7) that we can
‘even change our wn memories of he pas king
(= tothe actual facts wo create new menores
‘hr sul us bee. We do his, Gr example when we
ant to avo facing ap 0 0) — na,

Aer mot cel therefore, counters inking

can ead us 1 (10) story oe ight of
rea events other.

O PERCEVE

1 Lose 6 wse

2 SATISEY 7 POWER

3 MEDAL 8 ADIUST

à FRUSTRATE 9 COMFORT

5 INACTIVE 10 RTE

3) Discuss this question.

‘Are you a postive thinker or a counterfactual hinker?
‘what about people you know?

Speaking: agreeing and adding
information (Parts 3 and 4)

JPA) Read the following speaking task

"tke you to imagine that your town coul
wants o encourage local people of ferent ages
{o take par in compete sports. These are some
the ideas that they are considering. Tak o each
ler about how elective thew diferent bas
ight be in encouraging people to take par in
Compete sports, Then decide which 140 would
be the most effective In encouraging people of
tere ages

=

D 1 listen to people dicusing one ofthe

pictures on page 179. Make a note of:

+ which peut they are discussing

+ what points they mae

2 Listen again and complete the table with
expressions used inthe discussion

Make an Indicate partial. Agres with

additional point agreement 2 point

(On top ofthat take that
point on
Sant

Ifyou keep a note of these expressions
and try to use them regular they wil sound

natural and you will use them effectively.

103: Work witha partner Discuss the rest of the
pictures, and reach a decision

A) Discuss these questions. Where appropriate,

use the expressions you made a note of in

Exercise 2

1 Why do you think people enjoy taking part in
competive spars?

2 Do you think that tis à good idea for people to
suppon a particular team? Why?”¥hy not?

3 What the difference between watching sport on
TV and watching it ve ina stadium?

4 Do you think that major ntenationa sporting
‘evens have any real value?

5 Do you agree that busines is 100 med in sport?

6 Should cidre be encouraged to take part in
competitive sport? Why? 0

Grammar 2: intensifying
comparative forms

1 Complete the text using
‘expressions from the box.

byfarthe considerably

a date Sen
Gran 190 es

meee
ete a cae

roma tea!

inca a
a
Sto ce

2 Choose the correct alternatives inthe
following dialogue.

ames: | was wondering whether to enrol on à
Plates as = you do t Anne, hat do you
thin about i

Anne: Well ts certainly (1) not near as I no more
tthauiting as something Ike aerobics or
jogging, And know they say no pin. no
(ar, but m (2) many more / ot more
Ike 10 keep on wth an exercise clas Im
actualy enjoying i

James: Wihat sors of things do you do?

‘Anne: Wil, the base idas what they cal drawing
your navel upto your spne I actualy
(3) quite rather more complicated than tha,
but you do lots of exercises to strengthen
shat they call the core muscles =the
abdominal, basal, They real very slow
and contes (4) loads es ower than
Aerobics, or example — and they e supposed
Fo improve your balance and your posture as
wel 9 things Ike muscle ton.

James: And do you tink works?

‚Anne: Wel ve not ad (5) half as many sig
mare problems with my back 2 sed 10
before started the cases And | most sy |
feel) 2 bit abit more fer generally Ns
nota damat Improvement- they say that
real you should combine it with aerobic
nee to get the best resul But its
Certainly very popular. There were (7) hardy
any nothing ike as many eases when |
Started as there are now. There seem 10 be
(8) more and more | fewer and fewer
opening up al the time now.

James: Bee al middle-aged people?

Anne: No, there are (9) sight sarce more
people in hee this and fortes in my class,
But there are all ages really. Why don't you
come along 1 à dass and ge a 907

James. OK, maybe | wl

» Grammar reference p.194 (22)
3 Look at the expressions in the two exerce

above. Choose three which are formal, and
‘three which are Informal

HZ Work with partner. Compare:
+ your feelings bout ener

+ how you spend your fee time

+ wo places you have viste on holiday
+ wo fis you have seen recent

the muse you listen to.

Be ready to report a summary of your results 10
the das

Vocabulary 2: sports

ao

1 Look at the expressions 2-f below, They
originally came from the world of sport, but
are now commonly used in other situations,
Match each statement to is non-sporting
contest 1-6

Which of the people 1-6

3) has just made a comeback? has set a record?

by has suflereda setback? @) san abovan?

+) has fallen at the final hurdle? 1 a tcamplayer?

1 Maggie the most unselfish person Ive ever
‘worked wth —shes o supportive of her
colleagues.

2 James cast win anything - hei always come lst
‘whatever he does!

Pera has finaly tated dancing onstage again -it

took her ages to get back o fines: after having

her second baby.

4 Peter was on course to win salesman of the month
award, bat onthe very last day a customer

Canceled a tg order and Simon won it stead

Janes final exam marks were the highest the

‘olege has ver awarded,

6 ica had hoped that she could record he new
album in two weeks, bu she got a bad throat and
‘was forced o postpone the session,

2 How are the expressions used in sport?

1 The highlighted common idioms and
expressions in the following sentences come
rom sport. Match the sentence halves, and
decide what you think the idiom means

"mata fot ings canvi

2 | never expected im 10 win because he had had 0
many problems, but

3 He guessed completely right and

A lc do aything ese to Pel you, you must
make the next move —

5 He’ got such a sh temper and

6 He got the information o quickly that when the
tie came 10 close the deal he

7 He took unfair advantage and started before
anyone ese o in fat

8 They

9 They seem to have changed ther minds about
at they want us to do, 5 nc

lioms

5 tesa

sage wh saca,
By there vas ring gar wong about the del
Oa i enone a wth

9 by changing the rules ofthe competition without

nie now.
D and:

2 What sport or kind of sport do you think each
idiom comes from?

3 Choose the best idiom to complete the
dialogues

1 Acts 0 dificult to discuss anything with him
because he gets angry so eh,
8 know - one deagreement and he jumps the
Jun goes off the deep end,

2 À tve done al can and st up 10 you = the bal
sin your court ita diferent balbame
81 Know — have to decide soon,

3 À Are you sure that eveything legal?
8: Theres nothing ilegal about is all
«completely in pole postion / above board

4 À: Shes overcome so many dif to win the
‘competion.
3B: know — have to admire her, because shes
Scored a bulseye/ suceeded against al he od.

1832 Choose two idiom from the box below and
rite a short dialogue for each one to bring out
the meaning, Use à dictionary necessary.
Compare your dialogues with a partner.

Bea goodbad sport Don't count me out
Go the distance Make up ground

w

1 Tella partner about

+ something you did against al the odde

+ someone whois à good sport

+ someone who seta record

2 Discus a sportsperson who

+ has had a numberof setbacks in hair cars How
(dd hey overcome thee’?

‘+ has made comeback. How wel dd they do?

+ has made alt of money out of thee sport.

3 Why do you think some sportspeople are so.
driven to win?

agate
pie use computers and the Internet to se who
hes

Use of English: open cloze a
(Part 2) A

M What do you know about the sport of

‘ding? Discuss these questions cues?
Vi Be 2 Now read the texto find out about the spot
al Think ofthe word which best ts each gap, Use
3 Vena yo sin ia ta? nl one word in ach ap. There fan example at
M EU Bink Dai do NO the beginning ©)
3 Doyou tink Risa co . 3 Discuss these questions.
a 3 Do you think peoples enjoyment of gliding could be
1 Read he title ofthe text below. What ed où Red by te competion
Connection do You think computers could wnat other pov do you tnt could be
u. a ak a ‘organised in a similar way to OLC?

Listening 2: multiple choice
(Part 3)

IM Discuss these questions.
What do you know about the sport of indoor or
wal cmbing?

2 Wy do you think it has become increasingly
popular recent years?

3 How do you tine tis diferen 10 outdoo rock
climbing?

=

1 Find words or phrases in the questions below
that mean:

2) Das waning

1) beginners

© asocia grouping

9 not very wing

+) Support one thing atthe expense of another

2 Are there any other words in the questions
that you don't know or are not sure of? Check
them ia your dictionary

NH You wit nea par ofa radio diusion
Shout the sport of indoor climbing. Choose the
Sewer (AB. Cor) whi fs Bet according to
hat you her

1 According t Tom, young people ae avacted 10
indoor cing in the USA because
A they have been special targeted by gprs
B there hasbeen a growth in avaiable cities
€ tint regarded asa highly competitive act
D itoffes a grounding in waditonal ibing
techniques

2 What does Amy se as the main benefit of the
game she describes?
A ques cimbes of varying ables he chance to
mb together
8 It helps imbers remember specie moves they
ae to mate.
€ keeps more experienced climbers focused on à
eat goal
D talons nove cimbers to buld up their
strength
3 Ary fel that in London, indoor liming
A appeals to people with time on thet hands.
B atracs people who dislike outdoor activities
€ is more ofa socal ai than a serios spor.

D is pat of a wise sub-culture including other

4 Tom s keen to point out that, in his experience,
dor dimbno
A is ust. as demanding as traditional outdoor rock
cimbing
1 offers the hil of Outdoor climbing in a safer
lacks the element of fear present in tacna
rock eimbng,
1 requres a higher level of concentration tan
outdoor clinoing,

5 Amy fels tat compared with other Kind of
‘workout, indoor cimbing,
A focuses on one particular group of muscles
B does not require such regula commitment
€ represent more than soley a physica challenge
1 offers a more appropriate form of waning for
other sors.

6 When asked wich type of climbing he prefers
Toms

IA keen to stress that he enjoys both types equal.

B carelul to avo saying wich he actualy
Fours

€ reluctant 10 ami hat he Ikes outdoor cimbing
better

D cial of people who fee à need o take sides
fon the sve

Tal wich do you think would be more
enjoyable - indoor or outdoor climbing?

Which do you think will become more popular in
the future? Why?

Writing: a reference (Part 2)

IH, in Paper 2, Par 2, you may choose to write
reference. This will be a job reference for à
end.
‘Before you plan your reference, think about:
‘who you are writing to
+ what the ob 5
+ what points you need to include in your reference.
Imagine you ar interviewing someone fo the job
what would you want fo know about them?
‘Then organise the information clear into paragraphs,
and use a semi-formal ste. Finish with your
recommendation

1 Look at the task below.

2 Think about what to put in the reference.
"What should you not include?

how long you have known your tend

what you and your tend have done together

your tend’ character

‘reasons why you Ike your friend

your tend’ sls and interests

‘deta of previous experience your frend ns

reasons why your friend suitable fr the job

informal or couru language

1 Read the reference on page 191, which was.
“writen in answer to the task. Its 100 long.
Cross out two sentences that contain relevant
information.

2 Underline semi-formal expressions inthe
reference that mean the following:

1 pote (par 2)
2 is used to (par 2)
3 good at (para 3)

ao laa 3)
previously (para 3)

aL realy good standard (para 3)

so Dura 3)

50 (are 4)

putin (para 4)

"think she would be good for the job (para 5)

Complete the paragraph plan with the
Information the writer has included in each

paragraph. What tenses or structures have been
sed in each paragraph? Add these tothe plan

Paragraph 1: opening
Structures used:
Paragraph 2: your relationship with your friend +

Structures used

Fes
Paragraph 3: + your fiends interests
and suitably

Structures wed: — 1 y
Paragraph _____ reasons y she would
be good forthe ob

‘Structures used: futurehypothess

Paragraph 5 pda

Structures used:

151 Complete the following task. Remember to
use semi-formal language, and to organise your
reference clearly in appropriate paragraphs.

Use of Englisl

ZA: For questions 1-12, read the text below and decide which
ansmer (A, B, Cor D) best fits each gap. There s an example at
the beginning (0

: multiple-choice cloze (Part 1)

Chiptunos

When the po singer Imogen Hesp was looking for) À. hands o go on tour with
ter she searched through My Space o find exactly what he wa looking for. Two of

her selected cs are pt of what's (1) ase “eine scene which
miles 01 toy and compatrs and um hem nto range musical instruments.
Imogen here (2) us ofa modified peak Mans ty on er album and
ts 110) gs ike “sy baby whieh obviously it woulda have done
under tier)

Much ofthe (8) of using these modi toys which would (6) have

Pen thrown ay — i etal. While she's spin be Back off them, rewiring their
oat pon and (7) —— iii looking switches vo make wird nies, she's
‘ot above geting sentimental about them. As she sys They have a (8) in
our hears and ke teen of (9) tem back to ie

‘Te golden ae of chiptnos was the early 1990 when the Scand chip of vio game
consoles wee the only (10) —— available means of creating musi on computes
But the sone now has devotes al ver the word and sites such as MySpace have

(11) —— em share their music. As one fan says: "There's so much sound
production round now tha’ tech, cian and poise his music she

(2) of tut”

© A support Basisunt —€ partner help

1 A named Biemed € cale D known

2 A Ends Bmakes seeks D œ

3 A uk Bsœund Cuter D speak

4 A cicumsnces 8 stuatons Cimsunes D cases,
SA reason B atvaction € erraten D motive
Atherelowe 8 oies € nonethdess meanwhile
7 A putting Bsiding Camxhing D joining

8 A place Bpont C seat D zone

9 A gg Biating Chvingng D sending
10 A geaty B widely Clogéy Daly

11 A facitated 8 promoted € granted D enabled
12 A opposite Balematne € contrast D dhersiy

Use of English: open cloze (Part 2)

WA] for questions 13-27, read the text below and think of the word which best fits
‘each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example atthe beginning (0)

Does sing have a future?

In cet yeas ie spa aline (0) a been having a oh mein Europ, A src war wir has
men ita ing a hir tation wo fin gas and as (3) er should ave een son A
‘ver th comet, peopl ave Den stoning iden (8) developing ay more low level kh
‘ods, when even Wort Cup races at high evel have (1S) ——— tbe postpone or (16)-—- a sn.

Environmental might conser is ough este, omever Ski esos have vay een considered (I)
feat ecology ntc, They cu red matmasies 1 De veld and we up Due aunt en.

9" puramecing Snow fo shies means mor eo hor eel, then dn wil pat even (19)
pressure on ple moun costes
{2h ati! som may be the anne to some fe id problems, thi too has its deci

Sig Ge ues) lon, sig which ca be ha on rte i, 3).

ser donc

So (28) ____ can eriromeniy conca aies Jo? Wel fist of (4) dont even conser oi o
environment pale You (25) 1 be abe win ou things (20) Mr each

Sloe given a dy Ho recover a whether your accommodation het bya ene Source of eer at

eat so offer deal

Coprit Gun News & Meda Lu 2007

Use of English: word formation (Part 3)

N For questions 28-37, read the text below Use the word given in capitals at
the end of some of the lines o form a word that fits the gap ln the same line
‘There is an example at the beginning (0

An old phone never dies

The motile phone is ast Becoming the work's (0) favour gadget, with FAVOUR
early billion (28) sol anual aroun the globo. But wat HAND,
happens when te scien stops flashing he bate, dies, o peopl simply

star laughing when you Fish ton of your pocket?

ln Bein, people (29 replace their mobiles every two yes with TYPICAL
25% of people 30) heir equipment each ear So where dol the GRADE
‘ol phones go? According 0 Nokia, mos ge sued in a drawer and

Forgotten. Although about 0% re raed in inherited by family

‘member, oly 2% end up back a Nokia for recyling

Markus Teto, iecto of environmental affairs t Nokia ays: “We've

con doing Jo of (31) rear into what would convince ‘consume
people wo recycle ei phones, The biggest obstacle seems 1 e

that people ave very song (32) Bonds 1 heir mobiles, and emonon
0 88 3) to pat wih hem LUNG
(One answer is tring your ld mobil into acharabe (4) DONATE
About 70% of mobiles sent or ecychn sill work and ese can be

(G5) and sold in developing cours, where ey provide an ‘conomon
(80 _ aterative o new equipment. In many places in Aiea, ‘AFFORD
For example, where thre are fw lapis, having a(37) —— mobile RELY

phone can make area difference to people's lives

Use of English: gapped sentences
(Part 4)

Al For questions 38-42, think of one word only
which can be used appropriately in al three
sentences, Heres an example (0).

tome:

© aoa very approachable woman and people ind
her aa wok
My granemoter ans tht have avery en Me
erates o her epeenceof bg a enage
115 Sm. tos why so many peopl spa he cal
team who have done o wen ean sesos,

2 | sspet hat te ne ton atin ul ely re
rg rene ater on atthe pane!
you buy goods nine, you wi be yout
thelr of gig 10 he shops
ona was ther extaagan and —
rot come easy oh.

39 Bus abou the se of tebugges on he beach nt
Eng the out season,
ly wont 10 get 9008 resus atthe dof he yea,
parte ome your ds
‘Anyone interested nr jo imedo —
core the ast day nue.

2 You hear needs 1 sand on 2 —— suce à
Cemfortabie stance moy fom he un,
Whichever pe af car you ir, weh hs el you pay
ee eof £20.00 pr dy.

Te dcp to the out ofthe res thee
nd unete compared the ya

41 Accor to» recent tve number of ence
(yates sy o al nr he
Ra ceded to un oe 100m nis new aio
0 that he Oud keg ha wert a hs toi
ep
Ine 19h entr as not usual for weathy
peop to devote heats o 4 He of

42 is —___tofnd a shop that gs a uy personal
tence these aye
(One CD by that groups no longer ab in the
grand uns des in one one
Inve ane an geist tat decae to
helping peseve specs of bute

regu sa

Use of English: key word
transformations (Part 5)

US] For questions 43-50, complete the second
sentence so that it has asimilar meaning to the
first sentence, using the word given. Do not
change the word given. You must use between
three and six words including the word given,
Here on example.

Example:

© The wo finds were siting on nei own ooking a
Gone ren. FRONT
The wo frends ware siting by
compute sree

4 “The pari petormed beauty ad eves à
stansag orion GAVE
The ans —
stating ovation,

a. The rues popatty nacos thanks 1 wor.
mod recommendations LD
Wort mouth econmendtins

TT open ofthe group.

45 ‘That young mans he orgaier ofthe cary concert
1 you stout. HAS
Tots the young man © he
Chany concer you aba

146 Wy are same bands mor succes an oes?
MAKES
nat —
‘cesta on oes?

47 Usrtuate, | dot have enough money t 9 o the
‘eave regul, ABLE
hag more money goto
‘he mean more eps

88. Damian sue 10 ish th acen fs pace. CROSS
‘Doman suet e the fist pein to

Innen.

149 sue usa fr tos t bei playing tomba tte
spect fe. MEANS.
rene
foot ae age of

50 Hod he spent mor ie at hoe, he oui have
‘rages mary (end, GONE
le often, he wouldnt ave
made many ends.

and ceed à

— sone and more

for bors to begin saying

UNIT
6 Family ties

Reading 1
1

1 What sort of things do parents and teenagers
have arguments about? Work with a partner
and make 3 Ist, Decide whether the points
‘on your list are either

3) typical everday arguments, e

by serous issues that need tobe soled

2 Do you think that parents and teenagers
have the same ideas about what ls serious
Issue and what isnot? Why? not?

2

1 Read the article quickly. Which of the points
‘on your list in Exercise 1.1 are mentioned? ls
the syle ofthe article formal or informal?
How do you know?

2 Now read the article more carefully. Match
each statement 10 one of the sections of the
ride.

In which section are the following mentioned?
1 an argument hats unlikely to impress

parents
2 an unreasonable condition being posed

by parents D
3 an argument where neither sde val ve

any ground [a]
an indication that you may be winning

an argument [al
5 a suategy for reducing parental amer E
$ countering a suggestion wat ogical

arguments a
7. convincing parents ofa continued need for

Something [a]
8 getting parents to recall ei own teenage

‘rues fal
9 reaching a compromise solution ina dispute E]
10 remaining calm when parents donot]

‘Be home by 9.30°

A is o arpa You peste yor pres
ets gts pur ben y mal ou coma o
nr e propi een et ee Yea ty e am
easy eng a Yur ety ong
(ed a nds ra wk ot yy do
[xv wh youre gang wih ae wos gar be
te e our gn nea bene (es. arpa u
ste tan wang ting he) Ts
‘et at on ou pres wat oh

‘As long as you live
under my roof you'll
live by my rules!”

1m a case wary pur pa u
he Be ig an aa M er
‘eae ao ra dom hea os. Dent
(ere pat ao el ana pret go
Be mode 1 enge a wth ou a
Ve a a elu tx
rt and re mc ety cae sec
tou Typen sort y ae Bang
combi aay any nase y dont
(our hammer us gl sn many
ave en i ae OR oe a

‘Why should we raise
your allowance?’

DD y oies a ts rey o
asd or art ye ende! a us
{Skt my oy bay xy oman
the tov someone wy dat you ets 7
mb psy am ou cosy pet à
np e pr ha ao yu etn as
fee ng a yon y pt rc and
re an ret par ee ng
Ines re) pen repent an ue mich
sysop ana os o

Listening 1

1 Listen to two extracts from a radio programme
about famly lit. Choose the answer (A, or ©)
‘whieh fits best according to what you hear

Extract One
You hear a maried coupe taking about ther children.

1 hat surprises people about their chron?
A They have a good influence on the behavout of
‘other chen.
18 They st behave well when thee parent re not
around.
€ They appear uatfecte by socia pressures
2 They fel that ther Chen are
A sensitive tothe fecings of ober.
8 nusualy quet and wel-manneted,
unaware that ther behavior unypcal

Extract Two

‘You hear 2 tenager talking about he fami

3 Wy does she tl the story about the babyster?
A 1 changed the way he viewed her brother and

Bt provided her with an opportunity to chatenge
autho,

€ 1 markod a tring point in her velaonship with
Pur parents.

4 She was upset that hor offer was tuned down
because
A her parents gave no 64800 fr ther decision.
8 she felt it revealed he parents ue attitude
towards er
€ her parents accused her of giving them fale

2

1 Work with a small group of other students
Imagine that you have been asked to draw up a
set of rules for making family life run more
Smooth. Think about both practical and
emotional issues,

Write down two rules for each of he following:
Parents sbings grandparents
2 Compare your rules with other groups. Draw up

2 set of four rules for each group that the dass
an agree on

ESTO fama et

Grammar 1: hypothetical
meaning - wish

11 There is mistake in some of these sentences
Find the mistakes and correct them

| wish my dad cou ways beso cross with me.

Ash have an oder brother,

1 ony | could spend more timo with my

grandparents!

Would you rather al cal back later?

Its definite time the children goto bed

Don't you wish you had spent more time with your

gear grandmother?

7 wish | woud stop eating chocolate
Suppose nobody wil come o the party — 1 be

realy disappointed!

9 | realy wash tan pay the guiar

2 Match each of the (corrected sentences above
to one of the following rules.

à) We use wish + past simple o express a wish that is
‘ot true nthe resent. We ako use ito express
‘shes that might come true in the future

1) We use with + would 1 tak about other peoples
‘tating habs, not our own.

©) We use wish + coud to talk about our own
imtatng habits.

on used with the same ver forms as wish,
but can be sed when your feings are stronger

time or ls high times used with the past.
simple to talk about the present or the future.

1) Fa rather uses ath the past simple when we say
wat we want to happen in the present or future

4) Suppose means what We us it 10 describe
Something that may possbly happen or that may
have happened.

I) We use wish + past perfect 0 rfe o things we
ar somy about in the pastor that we regret.

1) We use with + could 1 talk about an aby we
would ike o have

> Grammar reference p.195 0)
=

1 Work with a partner.
Student A ook a the text on page 189.
Student Bok a the txt on page 190.

Read your text quickly and find out what the
{amily connection s. Then choose the best
alternatives to complete the text

2 Now tell your partner what you have read
about: Exchange texts and check each others

13: Complete the following sentences so that
‘they are true for you. Tell another student your
answers, and answer any questions they may
have about your ideas.

1 tv ws

2 Lu Is

3 wash. wouldn't

4 sh could

5 ns high te

Ua Discuss these questions.

1 What advantages might there bein ang with à
grandparent?

2 Do you think it might be easier to ive with
someone older or someone younger than you?
why?

3 ¡5 better to Ive in a lage amv o small
Lai? Wr any nor?

Exam focus

Paper § Speaking: collaborative task/
discussion Parts and 4)

About the exam: In Paper 5, Part 3, you and your
partner discuss à situation or task outlined by the
Interlocutor. You are given some pictures to base
your discussion on, and asked to reach a decision,
In Part 4, you and your partner discuss questions
from the interlocutor which extend the topic of
Pars

‘Suggested procedure
1 Listen carefully to the instructions for Part 3. #
you don't understand what you have to do,

sk the interlocutor to repeat the instructions.

2 Discuss the visuals with your partner
Remember the task you have been given = it
will also appear as prompts on the visuals
Sheet to remind you. As you have to talk for
about three minutes, you should discuss each
‘visual in turn in some detail and don't reach a
‘decision too quickly. You don't have to agree
with your partner, but remember to take turns
when you discuss and to use a range of
language.

3 In Part 4, ty to initiate discussion as wall as
answer the interlocutor questions.

4) You will hear two students doing part of a
Part 3 tase

(D took atthe pictures on page 180 aná ten to
the nteroctors matron: What tuo tings
dove ent have to de)

(D Wow isten tothe students, Pascale and
Fernando, dein part of the tse, AMI ne:

2) initiated discussion as well as responding?
Lo use the best range of vocabulary and grammar?

m
1 Work in groups of three.

Student As the interlocutor Tun t page 182 and
‘ead the intricate instruction,
Students Band € ae he candidates. Look at the
Pictures on page 180. Remember to keep to the
time given by the inerocutor
Discuss the activity. How well did the

candidates perform? What di they find
‘itil?

3 Form new groups, change roles and do the
task again

Vocabulary 1: word +
preposition(s)

1. Group these verbs according tothe
preposition they are usually followed by.

(er congrtuste pay apologise result
‘oncenvate boast benefit comido
resin suffer specalse insst confide

1 Read the text. According to Brian Fistal,
‘whose influence isthe strongest?

2 Read the text again and complete the gaps
‘with the missing preposition,

3. Who has the greatest influence on you,
friends or family? Whose influence ass the
longest?

e ares

CHILDHOOD INFLUENCES

es often chsimed that the Kind of childhood we
ave, and what oor background are, both play an
important ole (1) how succes our
fare relonsip are. But this so et up o
usa individuals to decide (2) the rh of
his = whether to let our upbringing, good or bad,
determine the way we rele 10 these around us?
According (3) relationship expert Brian
Final, though a dificult family ie can impact
(4) —— late retionshps, this does nor mean
that the rex of our Me hat to be dictated
(5) ir Soare you convinced (6) is
theory? Or do you think that the way you are
‘brought up inevitably leads (7) —_ the kind of
fiends you make, and res (8) ——— the
partner you choose) And should your Family hase 3
‘ay (9) ——— your decisions or shoul they
simply be sed (10) he choices you
‘make? Can you benefit (11) —— thei advice!

“The bottom lie according to sat that's up
o you — you dont need to sue (12) —
‘tings tha happened in your past.

Some verbs can have more than one

preposition, but the meaning changes. Choose

the best preposition to complete these sentences.

1 The photograph reminded me about / ofa picture
1had seen in Ind,

2 les such a bad design that complained 10 /
‘about the archtect the next me! met he.

3 han heard about from my friend forages so
Sent her cord to make sure she was ll gh

4 We al agreed on / with the time and place to meet
before the show.

5 1 arwed ate fo he dinner par, but when 1
apolegsed fr 10 my host she was very
Cherstening

6 | sew the ob advertised onthe web and
immediately decides to any 0 fr

5 Discuss these questions.

Y How important do you think he opinion of your
Fami should be in your own reatnshis?

2 Have you ever dated someone or had a fend
whose family you di ord ike? What
happened?

n

Reading 2: multiple
choice (Part 1)

1

1 Look at these sentences
Which describes 8 nuclear
family and which describes
an extended family?

Itwas a large rambling old
house in wich four
generations ofthe same
family ed together,
including an unmarieg aunt
and two cousins who had
ome tothe cy to stu.
1) as a small surburban
vil, typical of the are, and
inside ved an equally typical
fem: mother, father and
two schooköge children.

2 What are the advantages
and disadvantages of
living in either a nuclear
or an extended family for
parents children and
other family members?

Which is typical of your
country? Ate things
‘hanging? Why My not?

2, Read the three texts
wich are about families in
different parts of the world,
Choose the answer (A,B, €
or D} which fis best
according to the text

India’s youth moves out

When Pooja Aya gotmanied 25
eat ve years ago there was no
‘question of moving in wth erin
laws as mos young women in
India do folowing hair wedding
day My husband and are both
independentminded; se sys
thought i would De more fue
{olive on our am

Ate renga place for 18
months Aja camera operator fr 38
à popular television channel. and
her nancial journalist husband
ere able 10 purchase a brand new
ain Gurgaon, suburb of New
Delhi that has sprang up overthe 2
last decade, as mu national
companies setup headquaners
nd al centres in wat had ben
an undeveloped area south ofthe
capi, .

"And they ae not alone among
young Indian couples in forsaking
the jointtami tem.

A combination of shifing social
mors and economie changes has
pushed Aya generation towards o
more modern ese that includes
home aumerstip.

‘One ofthe man driers of the
trend isan evolving credit business,
‘which now ges young Indians
acces to hone fans. not
previous available Rising
Employment and the ned fra
‘ore mobile worloree means thal
professionals must requenty owe
oa cy diferent om the one
her hey grew upto pursue à
‘ater = Mumba for nance sor
‘Bangalore for technology Women
ave also taken on jobs in droves
in he post decade giving sto
India's own Dinks~ double income,
‘no kids who have enough money
10 lee he home they once shared
‘wth mumany and papa and cover à
mon mongage payment.

1 For the wer, Pooja Arya provides an example of à woman who
A was unusual in deciding to go aginst convention,
8 was determined to break wth established tradition.
€ was influenced by peer pressure o change heresy
DD was instrumental in starting a trend that snow widespread,
2 inthe tert asa whole, the write is
A accounting or social changes that he egrets in India
8 arguing in favour ofa mor Hole family suture in india
(© proding an explanation fr a marked change in some Indian estes
D biami foreign influences for undermining tational Indian family
pater,

More isn’t

always
merrier
Soe eed int mt nest
Deere
O ect nator Guest speaker Charlotte Allen brought a wholly unexpectod
amor ru or sl
E ah Mot bolo i hr ok os Hecho. Hosur
Dong ce a a yc Dean nee eue
some ach a coe eue
+ Communes pd oe ose ene se
Sena mp oi: cee can ond como
rar wow sca wos e
pro a re ee [ended aes he ba he bn sc wt wot u
ri e a loon neue ee
Beer hems Ta te my power A canal eg sme ses. Pep nach
‘be saved. 10 families have important relationships wilh diferent family
Bt ame int ya et hd Man 0 ai br soe od cornet eo oped
vs sts note Sle te per ‘Stary ome! eto nh sp.
Fe api ley [ea tea
ese tty met e y ‘ton dect ey ete now ue baron in
roe aes be ses eevee ‘re tes cs an tnt Say te
DEA ad se
> Sandon pe a gmene. ‘Sota gode u wit’ om ao UN
‘tere ted mi by an 80 9 ben seconde nc ern da en an a
a AS
‘ter us ee D
de ns À au satan ty tenir or Gama Grow ut
RS re
AN | ou sor oe te ancre ae manga
a ne e Satan nition alge on ms Ca Mn
tay ae tan nac sans mii nse Ut
‘Sat he roel be ene Da Ta ‘tart lund Dames oe ton ny eae oy à
à esos fon tt a oe alo 2 ra Met et mat tomen os wh be
fs pute shee e apie auto ad by or aco ro nam in
ce tonite Chu ca anne haben becas zon al
anna Shenson Stony nome Bag ay at mn wet
See eer oven sas aa
Te 2e Stitt sed oe tam tent ey Rao
AA challenge certain predictions made by
researchers, GH

8 expan wy recent research may be

re ws fringe, 5 The writer thinks thatthe theme of Chavote Allen’ ak

€ proie a counter argument to some. ta
Conclusions reached by researchers A come as something of surprise to his readers.

D highit possible consequences of B confi his tenders negate fing about the nulas
ocio changes identified by esearchers family

à ua as ee anette tte € Nar pore bte
eng Morote? {D make his readers reconsider other beliefs they have
‘how cane ais deve Ba

of thei aici,
Charlotte Alen mentioned Germaine Greers work 10

1 how unreasonable she fees her
‘grandfathers behaviour was. emphasis the point tht the nuclear fay

€ hou aware she was asa hid of A has reduced the status of women in the community
tensions within he fara 8 has changed the attitude of men tothe ames

1 how har her father id not to offend (© never real existed until he lst ity yeas.
ewe’ fomi D puts too much pressure on one lations,

73

1 Look again at your lst of advantages and
disadvantages from Exercise 1.2. After reading
the texts, do you want to add any points?
Have you changed your mind about any of
them?

2 Find the words in column A in the texts. Match
them to their meaning in the context of the
arde in 8.

A e
1 indaws ent Line 3) à) customs

2 forsaking (text 1 line 23) large numbers

3 more ox 1 ine 26) Q get cose 19

4 droves (et tine 42) best times

5 setto(ten 2 line D ©) broken up

6 booming text 2 line) N) reduced

7 bond let 2 line 8) gh increasing

8 heyday (ex 2 line 17) giving Up

9 fragmented (text 3 ine 4) |) brothers and stes

10 spouses (en 3 line 12)
11 wore off (ext 3 ine 21)
12 Gags (text 3 line 22)

À looks ey

19 husbands or wives

D) husbands er wies
family

Grammar 2: substitution/ellipsis

=n
1 Look back atthe texts on pages 72 and 73.
‘What do the following words in bold in the
texts refer 10?
the one det 1. ive 38)
this (ent 2, Ine 8)
such den 2, Ine 15)
Such (ent 2, Ine 28)

5 such text 3, Ine)
6 it (ent 3, ine 14)

7 They ton 3, Ine 15)
8 Their (text 3, Ene 29)

Look at the texts again. Three places are
marked with a * In each place, a different
‘word or phrase i understood by the reader
but has Been left out ofthe text by the writer.
What word or words have been mised cut in
‘each cae?

Substitution

We often ty to avold repeating a word or
expression that has already been used, as it
improves the style of what we are saying, To
do this, we can use other words instead, e.
ne, de, there, that, o, nether, not. These
connect phrases and sentences,

92! Complete the sentences using a substitute
word from the box. Underline the word(s the
substitute word replaces,

=
i ED

Example:
Do think oe wi member Kath thay?
Fm ot sur he mg e.

1 be at he het at 7 pm tonight
{es a ee 0

2 Are you going 1 go cul wh im again?

D => “Havas ve ica

3 cant dec whether to ya new crore
Scondtand “Tete psa Cons en
Bort se

4 Jack ake me wheter vas ging othe ance

5 Mint job on fig was al shock
25 ns employes ge hm no warns,

“hey aren gong tothe poy, ond — re we.

Ia ut deso, bu DE ae te job =

ee an an rose to be nee ny oy

Ellipsis

We often leave words out to ave repetition.
This is calle lisis, and it improves the style
of the sentence.

53) Which words or phrases have been missed

out in each of these sentences? Add the missing

‘words or phrases and compare the two

Sentences. Which version reads better to you?

1 She was planning to visit her cousin on Saturday.
but now She can't

2 They feel ted but very happy with
the decision they reached.

3 Kates leaving on Thursday, but she wil email to
tel you why —

4 Borrow as many books as you went =

5 That laptop belongs to John. Ths

6 He promised o emi me, but he hasn't

7 you an
there.

8 Im sony got annoyed = cit mean to

al me when you get

1 Grammar reference p.197 (14)

ai Each of these dialogues has a mistake. Find
the mistakes and correct them,
1 A: Are you going to move house?
8: No, Fm afraid can aforo.
2 Ave managed to fix the broken mp3 player
8: Wel, think we shoud get a new. never be
the seme again!
3 A Tel Peter want to speak 0 him, please,
B:No problem. do.
4K: Who does Ins book belong 107
E tink its Karen one
5 A: We al seem 10 have more tee time than we
sed to.
8: Do you think? Im not so suet
6 A: Do you think the trafic wll be bad on
Saturday?
8: 1 expect because people wil be tying to dive
tothe beach a 1% hot

TP Look out for elipas and substitution in
reading tasks.

5. work with a partner. Decide how the
following text can be improved in style by using
substitution or elle.

fundamentally
children’s behaviour as adults. But now the
importance of the relationships between children

Ther parent I being eng anew
earth thot rene vb

Sings may have a more important eff on à
8 fare adult behaviour

Psychologie Francine Klagsbrun says: "Our
Rd wit ug aida le. Our
Siblings ar hee whether we ike our siblings or
‘wether we dont ke them. Other relationships
‘ange parents die, frends dit ana, mariages
break up but the elatonsip with ings canes
On and Ihe memories o fe hat has been shared
‘wih our slings remain with us long after
‘ldo has ended”

UNIT tomó es

1 Work with a partner. One of the responses in
each of these dialogues is not possible. Cros it
Out, then read the dialogue together, thinking
about the word stress in each response.

1 Do you think Sue wil vt the UK again?

2) she might.

1) She might do

à She might dot

She might not.

Can! buy you a dink?

a) No thanks, ve ust ha.

1) No thanks, ve just had one.

No thanks, shoul

D No thanks, dont want one

3 Were you planning to sit us on Sunday?

2) No, but | an do.

2 No, but an.

© No. but can thin about it
D No, but leans.

2 Write your own twortine dialogues, beginning
‘withthe following questions. Then practise

reading them with your partner

D you think you wil do that again?

an help you?

‘Were you planning 10 come o the party?

Listening 2
1
1 Look at these adjectives. Which do you think
describe typically female characteristics and

‘which describe typically male characteristic?
Are any of them equally male and female?

sensible emotional aggresive | determined
adventurous | Iyminded
ie caring contary reliable
sersthe stubborn

2 Compare your ideas with another student

Discus these questions.

Do you think people are born with ypcl male or

femae characterises, rare these a result oftheir

upbringing?

2 Would you wart your chin to have typically
‘male’ or female’ characteris?

3 Shouid parents conscious ty to influence ther
dren’ attitudes and behaviour?

UNIT 6 fem

@ 1 Lien to a mother speaking and decide

‘whether she would agree or disagree with
tach of these statements

1 Husbands and wives should share the job of
binging up their hin.

2 My daughters seem to have very diferent interests
and characters

3 Fm worried about my eldest daughters behaviour

4 Vie my daughters to wear prety clothes

2

sten again. Gaynor describes her daughter as
‘tomboy’. What has she noticed about:

à) Megan’ physical appearance?
D) Megan’ behaviour”

3

© Now sten 1 a second mother speaking and

decide whether she would agree ar disagree

‘with each ofthese statements

Git are easier 10 bring up than boys

2S wrong 1 have ambitions fe your chen —
they need t find ther own.

3 Husbands and wives should share the ob of
binging up thei chin.

4 1 dont want my son to become a typical mate

5. My husband and have the some attitudes towards
our sons upbringing,

Listen again. Mare talks about boys behaving

differently to girls. What examples does she

ive:

2) of her brothers behaviour?

1) ot her sons behaviour?

14 Look at these extracts from the listening
texts. What do you think the highlighted words

1 My husband nods the BUR.

2 Women: thelr ons turn them nto
al rusbands

3 My husband aid het bep at schoo!
hes to ot,

15. Discuss these questions.

1 In what ways are Gaynor and Mares atts:

+ ne same?

+ aiterent?

2 Wich of them do you thnk has te best attitude
toward bringing up their dhdren?

‘About the exam: In Paper 3. Part 5. you are given
a sentence and asked to complete a second one
Using a Key word" The meaning of the second
Sentence must be Similar to the fist. You must
use 3-6 words, including the key word, which
you must not change in any way. This task tests
your knowledge of grammatical structures,
Vocabulary and diferent ways of expressing the
same idea,

Suggested procedure
1 Read the two sentences and the key word,
Think about what information included in the
fist sentence is missing in the second.
2 Fill inthe missing words, being careful to keep
the meaning the same.
3 Check that you have not
+ changed the key word
+ changed the meaning
+ written more than six words (contractions
count as two)
+ made any unnecessary changes, 2.9. to
+ made any spelling mistakes.

For questions 1-8, complete the second sentence
0 that it has a similar meaning to the fist
Sentence, using the word given. Do not change
the word given. You must use between three and
six words, including the word given. There is an
‘example atthe beginning (0)

Example:

0 what are the chances ofthe film winning an
scar? KEY
How ee thatthe flm. wil win an Oscar?

1 Fever people Ine in extended family units in tis
country nowadays. COMMON
Rs to ve in extended fay
Unis in mis county nowadays,

2 I don't think youll fin it hard to find Cynthia
house. DIFFICULTY

ont think =
house.

finding Cynthia

3 My brother Sam was very suprised 0 be offered
thejob. CAME

The ob offer —_

roy brother Sam.

4:1 dont mind where we decide 1 go for out
ami holiday this year. DIFFERENCE
A doesnt where we
decide to go for our Tamiy holiday this yea.
5 Gaynor frends persuaded her not to get
‘mati in spring. TALKED
was Gaynor fends —
geting maried in sping
‘why did nobody tel me that the match hag
been canceled? INFORMED
why the cancelation of
the match?

indy intends to complain about the sence
in har restaurant GOING

Cindy ——— ‘complaint about
‘the sevice hat restaurant

Could could borro: your umbrela this
evening, please? LEND

Would this evening
lease?

Vocabulary 2: easily confused
words

1

1 Work with three other students. Choose
‘one of the groups of words A-D below.
Use your dictionary if necessary to find
he diferences in meaning between the
‘words in each pair. Check the
Pronunciation, part of speech and any
Colocations as well as the meaning of
ach word

A compare / contas; lich / chidike;
‘alec effect special / especaly

prescription / receipt prince principal

Tone alone, memory souvent

Ve lay, ase se; pactos / practice

loose ie

worthless / priceless: mp infer

hard / hardy check / contol

‘Work with three students who have
studied different groups of words

Explain the difference between the words
in the pairs in your group.

LAIT fonts

2. Complete the sentences using the correct form of
‘one ofthe words from Exercise 1
1 He booked a table at an expensive restaurant.
<olebate ther anniversary.
2 had an accent with my siste car and now tsa
vite ff complete. nov
3 Could you... the table while | ge te food ready?
4 Sometimes writes don't state exact what they think =

you have 10... it fom their choice of wor
5 have to stop atthe bank because Ive GO. ay
‘ash on me

‘The sory about the homeless family had a tremendous
On me. Iwas extemal Upset,

immigration officer have to... the passports of al
the members of fami entering the county, even
chen
8 My dothes fel very
9 He has no

‘money
10 1 have very happy

since ost some weight.
‘and will do anything at al o make

of family holidays at the

beach during my hldhood,

UNIT fami tet

Writing: competition entry (Part 2)

{About the exam: In Paper 2, Part 2, you may be
‘asked to write an entry to a competition of some
kind, "Competition entries are nota separate
text type, but can involve writing a description,
an arte, review or a narrativo. Whatever the
text type ts important 10 make what You write
as interesting and engaging for the reader as
possible, and to include reasons why your entry
Should be chosen. Remember, you are entering a
competition, so you have to persuade the judges
that you should win!

1 How do you think you can make your writing
interesting for a competition entry? Choose
the best ideas from the list below.

3) use imeresting and varied vocabulary

À) think about your target reader

©) use a very forma! syle

use a voy of dierent structures

+) ink ideas logically aná clay

1) use headings and bulet points

9) Use dret quotations and anecdotes

1) use metoral questions

1) include persuasive argument or explanation of wy
you should win

2 Which two ideas on the list would not be
‘appropriate for any of the four tex types
‘given above? Which one Is vital for any
competition entry?

RI Look back at section D of the text on

page 69. Find an example ot:

+ arhetrcal question

+ a quotation

+ informal language

31 Look at the task, and the competition entry

hat was written in answer to the task

1 Hows the writing organised? What is the
purpose of

+ the ist paragraph? + the lst paragraph?

2 Replace expressions marked with * using any

fone ofthe three linguistic devices in Exercise 2,
for with substitution

3 Find six spelling mistakes with double

TE]
family magazine.
“Best member of any family ever!" award
A A ares
ee
nn
ae i
Ben
en.
+ explain what they contribute to family life
an

+ tellus wy they deserve to win the award.

Write your competition entry in 220-260
words

174 Write your own answer o the tak
Remember to make yout answer interesting by
using linguistic devices from Exercise 2, and to
Persuade the judges to pick your entry by
including a final persuasive sentence. Check your
Speling when you have finshed,

> Writing reference p209

'T 6 Review

1, Read the text below and think of the word which
best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There
is an exemple at the beginning (0)

@ What comes first on holiday:
phone or family?

Passport, money its; these are al sentia tes to pack () en. our o on a
a Tee e moe
ok has the number. Theoretically, (2) ——— to De posible fr stresed- ul managers to
have phone fee fortnight withot interruptions () reali, 50 o any
Mederrancan beach hotel here Bro ames say ad youl be confronted by the

ah ight of husbands and fathers wandering around the ool (4) mobi phones
‘amped 1 ther crs, saying tines (9 — "sin the third drawer down, next to the
encor thought tht contract wet of ls Wednesday

To the sensitive observer there a ral uxtapostion between the beauty of the
surroundings. withthe amy all enjoying themselves together (6) ones, and the dll
mundanity ofthe sues () -—— discusion. To (8) matters morse, a quik of
‘mobilephone pricing means these poor fathers probably end (9) ——— paying forthe all
thar come Between (10) and qualit time wih the fami.

Some, its te, do ty to rest (11) — poll ofthe phone; carrying it around with them
but leaving lied ef (12) —— they get back o th hotel The trouble (1)
they spend the whole day wondering who (14) have called and then the whole

as

stat of frustration because everyone has now If the office and they cant
22 hac to them for another sxicen hours

2. Find words or expressions in the text thet
mean the same as:

1 under alt of pressure

2 everyday and boring

3 astrange feature

à return someone’ cal

3 Each of these sentences contains a wrong

word. Find the words and correct them,

1 The principle reason for the mistake was carelessness
The doctor gave me a ect to take tothe chemist

3 tve ost such alt of weight recently that all ny El

oies ae ose i

4 Although its not worth amino, that amd À 3
photographs worthless me, uy

f
D:
Rough he it stay door LIE

‘when he alle he intere that he would help us,

(Go to wwiwiTests.com or your CD-ROM for interactive exam practice. 79

UNIT

7 Creative talents

Exam focus

Paper à Listening: sentence
completion (Part 2)

[About the exam: In Paper 4, Part 2, you
hear someone giving a talk. À set of eight
sentences summarises information from.
the talk In each sentence, a word or short
phrase is missing. A you listen, you
Complete the gaps inthe sentences with
‘the missing information, You hear the
words which you need to write on the
recording, but you dont hear the exact
Sentences inthe task. They are a summary
of what you heat

Suggested procedure

1 Look at the rubric and the task heading
Think about who you wil hear, the
content (Le. sta radio programme, a
lecture, ete?) and the topic

2 After hearing the rubri, you have time
to read through the questions. Think
about the type of information that is
missing in each one. For example, iit
an object, a place, a person or a

3 Read the whole sentence, including
any words ater the gap.

4 Listen to the recording. The sentences \
are in the same order a the talk — use
them to follow the speaker. Complete
any gops you're sure of, but remembe
you'll hear the recording again.

5 Each answer isa single word or a very
short phrase (e.g, a noun with
Adjectives), Don't try to write long
“answers or you wll miss the next one
You ae listening for the missing
information ~50 don't write words
already in the senter

6 Listen again to check your answers and
complete any missing gaps

7 Check your answers. Do they make
complete sense in the sentence? Check,

for example, whether answers should be

and that your speling

© ¿2 You wil hear a local radio announcement about a

charitable event called The Cow Parade, For questions
1-8, complete the sentences

The cow parade

Tonight programme s about te cys twentieth
Shou
Frets coms, dort in a wide ange of
and cour, it be on
‘how round the oy
=)
y ape
A 200, à leg and (a) xe gven
{amples focal fers sponsor cons.
At he end ofthe ment pio ot

—m

The gl at ol the cons was à —

the cow vd besoo cry auction.
In 2003, a cow decorated with smal pics ol

(6) sl or à co pce.
One of he main caries benefring fam the event is aid to
Y in oor cours.
(cin vl decorate à
‘oar we amen photos

2) Who do you think might buy the cows? Do you
‘think they have any artistic value?

© 3: ston again and make à note of words that mean
the same as
1 the entrance hal of large pubic bung
2 money aed aa chartable eer

Vocabulary 1: phrasal verbs
11 Look at this sentence from the Hstening and
answer the questions below

You may even have spotted the odd mulicolured com
popping up in unespecie places

Y What difference would substituting standing for popping

up make 1 how interesting the sentence 57

2 Whats the difference between he phrsa vers pop up

and pop out? What dea do they share?

2
1 ead the text, What is henna? What iit used for?

5 ar
It's Hen
but is it really art?

Wile soma people deny that Body palting at,
cers (1) hn ink ap tas iia! form
euro tha sae mach a as painting

or 5000 yeas people have decoratd thelrbodios
ing natural product called henna which tans
Kin bright red colour. In many counties people
Lire that having such decoration would 4
(2) bring eut rig mund good fer, and
trodionaly we @) came | ame ars Games

‘of henna a onthe hands And fet of women on

‘spoil occasions. Howe, henna i becoming
Ineessingly (caught ou sgh fer in western

cures where young people wanting ty body

ft ge for gv off henna because ts fet
temporary, an fun. One henna att says tht

‘many lente have utrgesus benno at
cortos dane bufre they () tof st about
on falda hey can en the decoration wile
they ate away, but wil have) worm aay / wor:
aff bythe time they havo (8) yo many ob to
‘work or college.

2 Choose the best phrasa vers o complete the txt

3 What the meaning ofthe phrasal vers you didnot
choose? Check ina itonary you are not sure. Then
‘wate à semence 1 show the meaning of each ane.

3) Discuss these questions.

1 Would you keto ave henna art on your
body? Why? not?

2 Do you tink that anything that is temporary
has any real value?

‘Speaking 1: two-way
conversation (Part 3)

1. In Part 3 of the Speaking paper you
have to work together. is very important
0 discuss each picture in turn before
negotiating a decision. The expressions in
the box are useful for moving the discusion
on from one picture to another.

‘why dont we tak about them all in tum?

{ets move on

Thats as much as we can say about that.
‘What about the net?

‘Tis one is interesting. What do you thnk
‘about?

Have you any other ideas about this?

Lets go back to

2. Work with a partner. Discuss the
following task. Remember to move the
discussion on and talk about all the pictures
‘on page 181

Té tke you to imagine that there i a plan to
‘open an arts centre ina smal town, The idea
ls trat this wil attract sors to the area.

Here are some ofthe things the organisers
ar considering as posse exhibits, Tak
Together about whether these are appropriate
‘things to extbitin an arts centre, Then
decide when four might tract mos vistos.

3 Discuss these questions

1 Should tours invest money in as centres, or
in new businesses? Why Why not?

‘What kind of at do you Ike? Why?

Some people say that al artis a waste of

tie, What do you think?

4 Do you tink at should stil be taught in
schools? WIN vor?

5 Should anis be paid more or less money
than singers or actors) WIy My not?

an

Reading: multiple choice (Part 3)

A) Discuss these questions.
How have our ideas about what i art been changed
by technology?

Do you think à computer game could be considered

22 work ofan? Wny Any not?

‘What aspect of computer games would you view as
3) arate b) technical

2

Read the article about computer games quickly
Do these people (A-D) believe that the games
are an artform or not?
À Nic Kelman Cohn De Marghert

Roger Ebert D Steve Stamavads

You are going to read an article about
computer games, Choose the answer (A, 8, €
or D) which you think fits best according to
the text.

Whats the alm of the Friday afternoon sessions

described inte fist paragraph?

Ao find ou if new game is working proper

8 10 alow nonspecalsts to ty out new games

€ 10 gve the game designers a chance to interact,

D togve employees a break rom intense

2 What does the word ‘iin in 30 refer 107

A à theory put forward by Nc Kelman

B the toa effect a computer game can have

€ the vdeo game as a form of entertainment

D the arisic valve of certain parts of computer
games

Inthe tir paragraph

computer games industry

A has alot o learn from the fm industry.

B is fast becoming a par ofthe fm industry,

is more commercial driven than the fm industry

Das yet to acheve the high status of the fm
indus

eier suggests thatthe

4 According to te wer, why is Myamoto compared

to te fimmaker D, Gift?

A He has empoyed a similar style in is work

E He has ganed the espec of fm enthusiasts

He has introduced ways of working that have
influenced othe,

DD He has pioneered the use of a siting perspective
in computer games

5 Robert Eber rinks that computer games should
not be considered as art because
A they are esontialy interactive in nature

18. they donot present sophisticated ideas tothe
end user

€ they ate create by teams of people rather
than by nda.

D they are created by people with technical
rather than arte sls

6 For John De Marghert, the artistic vale ofa

computer game can be measured by

A the complexity of the gos the player is e

8 the degree 10 which a payer ges nvobed

€ the nature ofthe world that is rated by the
designer

1 the exent to which the designers original
vision realised

7 At the end of the final paragraph, the writer
‘reveals that he agrees wit
A Stamatiodss doubis about the content of most
computer games
18 bert’ reservations about considering
computer games 2 at.

Kelman’ anal of the state of the computer
‘games nds

1 De Margheris pont about the functions of
atoms

3 Which ofthe arguments do you find most
convincing? Why?

000 GAME ¿BUT IS IT ART?

EIZTLLIITLEITITTIEI IT

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da, iy Boker ar © SUSSS ln in 2009 hear; _ app of te tez of eras Hin
es inking Coke aid are the publieperepion ht_ 95 and irate, whlch ees thera
ite pros, compate geared 30 compute games eke om cnt
Sole. "Te fumer of Mer Fore, Je De
ah do games ave Boeing: Th rc
rar and lees: bara ar games writen ome grand pie
esters ve rca yes. 10 has ead he race the pets te
53 Amon pure hemanes Shigeru os sys. He's consid you in
Miyamoto an Wl Writ indie he see of qu ou mt ruses
‘same ep Say Keck aod Jos stone you have
‘Rober Alum provoke lie af, cole De Maris mir, de
The New ore desc e Jogo. ine pays z0 ju ike e cio of
fame the ser hares. Tha’ vi Ue 49 designe Mimo, who rd lie afin bin asiepe ml facts
becomes imate Sond of games sch ws Donte Kngané The te een of sae oe SP
ty bic playing compote pase Legend of Za, so WOHIN of argo, De Marge crono
val ey de ed ct les, gan ein Js GM need pall betwee arms get pes
ring forthe flaw within ca eri mai it cd 20 1 ra ri res Rove e is,
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22 Americas mtbr Ni Klin be the R ad croata ad render wen ty pt don ch
cie. eme mailing mus Miyamoto developed may of de Shove. A peat wor, bel sere.
eran ae jo eran thes ou ol ans sch ater gre ese. “The ath
rv es ye ais egos in anew Immer, ern word and tig 18 of aes le simply dife so.
tin pres vil nd chi p of vico oc coat De Mar nom ve

33 arcada, din components cf or Ve joyous e flr foros Some ace
pegamos ate yo hd ie Eve lt year el y ete corsa ae.
alo sys Bad e es few yen, Mer Roge eno e Cha eto er rn ut
(he geri of al toe pc Sunes bred compar gas 120 atte Sydney Opera Hoss
reden some has sein 75 fom cn onto Lam Mos computer came mee ree

> deg Mr par ore M gas on tan, oie ae Op
forn Macs de eis Kelman pren D Sean ble oie
nis latest book, Vide Game Ar en N es

my sou des. bar Keinan Ber wre cn is eb in ron 125 nds, however, ape ih Ei Seve
rin te mis ongles Rear ‘Bull es Peru oftbe Sama, rive Ger an co.

% Gunes wand music an Ding mean oven rom moines (under of Beste sai Rowe, mich
ankam make em ah works” Cai 1 Sate a oy md the Taman Tere or
‘tans conose, crn among siege, mp aei or oat afte Fe che ye "Game can penal
ame. The lm nd coopster games ha eier bern be he game worthy 1 ele ame af a, changing tbe
Indies fx fn er, mh ES compas De gra mais, wy ou hn atau someting, ut

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adr yet pares ny at ack Compose Caer rer pot shot pe cn ae sa pop
‘inte 19s ems tie ‘fee Wop rs condi Et renin ena statin at ome.
cri otr move Dns, ricos aná an hi expan Rill. 35 Du. ets fac tt De major of
atte vate ft anes indy wil 90 tige lays the games, ls aout Whatever be eles the

4 sud fim and morc inde lea Me a car reno or” mri, maybe Miami ad tes

few yeas rc a computer games y rm ne lea tthe sobs

1 Find words or phrases in the article that mean the
1 not very wel dresse para 1)

2 concentrating har (ara

3 come from (para 1)

4 el (pora 1)

5 mistakes (ara 1)

6 harmies (para 3)

7 ver impreso (pa 3)

8 stealing (para 3)

9 wes the fest to ty something (ara 4)

10 very exited (para 5)

11 makes a comparison (pa 6)

2 imghing (ara 6)
2 Complete these sentences using the correct form

‘of one of the words from the article,

1 An discussion followed the talk about computer

‘games
2 Sandra was soon her work that she failed to

resise that everyone ese had gone home.

3 Petra found a inthe dress material, 50 took it

back o the shop.
& The view fom the hotel balcony was absolutely
5 Toni grandfather was the fist 10 _ the use of

computers in ths county

6 found that book comple

and count put

Speaking 2: individual long
turn (Part 2)

1. Read the following tas

Here are some photographs of people looking
{at pictures, Compare two ofthe photographs
‘and say what the people might be enjoying
about the pictures, and how long the pictures
‘ight be on show.

2. In the exam you have to talk on your

own for about a minute. What do you think

you should spend most time on in this task?

a) describing what you can se in the picture

1) speculating on what the people might be

€) speculating on how long the pictures might
be on show

[sp le
| y

=I

you will not have time to speculate, Try
10 organise your talk cien using she
| task to help you. The ask à summarised
‘on the exam paper to help you.

a

1 Choose two of the pictures on these pages and
make a note of everything you want to say
about them in order to complete the task
Don't write full sentences.

Example:
Pe 2 people just looking
Pie 3 father and daughter taking about the at
2 Exchange your notes with a partner. Expand

your partners notes into complete sentences,
sig linking words and phrases from the box.

whereas although but simil
comersey in contrast
4

1 Return your sentences to your partner. Discuss
your sentences. Then each complete the task
without looking at your sentences again
Speak for about a minute

2 Discuss how well you each completed the task,
‘and how you could have done better.

3 Do the task again, comparing the picture you
have not used with one of the orginal
pictures.

e

Grammar 1: ways of referring to
the future

1 Read the following dialogue and decide if one
or both ofthe alternative future forms are
possible

IA So, what (1) are you ding / do you do this
weekend?

Vie, theres this brand new purpose-built galery

that ve been reading about — 2) opens à

‘pening on Friday, o (3) m gang / 90 tere on

Saturday. Apparently they () exhib are

exhibir colecion of some amazing animal art

Animal art Whats that? Fue never heard of

Nor mel But ve been checking ut on the

Interne, and there 31 01 information about t

want to find out enough to understand what

N) m going tose / wl be seing in the

exhibition

IA: So do you think that animals can produce real ar?
‘Who know 11 tel you when Fue been to the

bio But its an interesting wea, you have to

agree.

IA OK =I give il What time (6) do you go wil you
‘be gang} I mig even come wth you!

We can use the following forms o talk about

the future. Find an example of each one in the

dialogue.

present continuous

resent simple

gang to

future continuous

When do we use each form to talk about the
future? Use the grammar reference if
necessary Write a sentence for each form to
show is use

Example:
Present continuous: we use the present continuous
to tak about arrangements that have already been
made, e. Im playing in a concert on Saturday
cnn.

> Grammar reference p.198 (163)

s

2 Read the title ofthe following text. What
o you think it wi be about?

The talent of the trunk

Forte cuts 840 () aon
Tasman by youre ping
av na woe

Pa de voy ol
ema
Spar es co ao ter
Ernie

es ann mala cowed
‘nan sent pang st a y
ppp ie
Core
Pas Varas ay
(Gan caval ne pon o
‘Stance vate non WP
thaw

Tan an chant ion
cal rot ane pono
ee
Be orb sio oh
felch high prices, and are highly sought
{tor Ary Sopra wan
‘Sava yt we ar

D noel eet)

D na en ca ne
See an ny note ae ar
os potas eno
Star gupta a 1
er

3 Read the text again. There are five future
forms that you did not use in Exercise 1. Match
each of the numbered examples to its use below.
Then note down its form.
A 10 say that something wil be completed ata
parier time in the future (ll (ahead)
hare been

10 express a prediction
to refe to the very next moment

to express an arrangement ora plan that has been
formally organised

to indicate a previous scheduled time

4

1 Read the extract from a review of an art
exhibition. What is special about Eduard?

An artist of the future?

‘ste complete poenomenoa? He dashes oft
works ofa wth big, bold confident sweeps
ofthe brash and his le hasbeen compared
‘vith Pcs Noting Uru nha, xcept
that Edward Simpson i ony si oars old. He
os become he youngest at to have his
ok seeped fo th Biich Watercolour
Society's anual exibition, und his paintings
Sel for £80 each

(D? listen to two people who have read the same

review, and are planning to go to see Edward's
paintings on show. Complete the summary of
their conversation,

Sarah thinks that is a good idea tobe part of
Something new because most prop

pue edward yet. Witla grecs, and
thinks hat if 1 predict wat Edward
"in the future. Sarah admis that she
SG) buying one of Edwards paintings
san imestrent, because ts possible hat in twenty
year me he (a) — ‘the most popular
art in he county Wiliam thinks that's
impossible 10 predet what his paintings

o ‘worth then Sarah planning 1 sl
her painting for a fortune, so that she

© ner time working in an offce, but
instead she (7) herself on a beach

5. Five of those sentences have a mistake in

the formation of the future. Find the mistakes

and correct them.

Y. tve never liked an, and so Im not about to
starting gong to art galeries now!

2 hope we have started our new art course this
time next month,

3 Work on the new arts centre due to begin on
November 15th

4 Do you tink youll be gong o the exhibition this,
weekend?

Look = those secu men have stopped Sue - she

‘won't have been relied that she can take her

camera into the galo,

6 | as onthe pont of buy the picture when 1
realsed how much cost

7 Theres no chance they'll have finned buling the
new gallery y the end ofthe month,

8 Security oficial a the gallery are o get a 6% pay
ise next month,

106. Complete the second sentence so that it has
a similar meaning to the fist sentence, using the
word given. You must use between three and six
words, including the word given,
1 jst about to buy anol painting for my new
at. Pon
tm an ll painting fr my new
ha
2 The completion of the new exibition space is
schedule for next June. DUE
The new exhibition space =
completed next June

Tem assuming that you have hear the news
‘bout the at colege yet. UNLIKELY

À tink you ‘the news about
the at college yet

4 The gallery il not stage another exito this
year NTENTION
The gallery has another

esti ts er

(97) Work with à partner Tell immer

+ what you vl be doing atthe weekend

‘where you are gang for your summer holiday

+ about something you hope you wil have done or
‘achieved in a) hree months" time bone years
time 0 ten years’ tne.

words with similar

Vocabulary
meaning

+ Three of the words in each group below have
a similar meaning. Highlight the odd one out
In each group. What does it mean? You can
‘Use your dictionary if necessary.

Example:

à custom aha a tradtion
‘an ancmaly à strange or unusual feature of à
situation

1 colect howd accumulate buld

2 symbol son password logo

3 obsession preoccupation fascination
inference

4 conceal display bit present

5 disincentive — mothation reason ambiion

6 explore examine scruinge inspect

2

Find at least one other word with a similar
meaning to the odd one out in each group.
Show the word to another student. Can they
match itto the correct word?

3 Work with a partner. Using a dictionary it
necessary, look atthe three words that have a
Similar meaning in each group above. What is
the difference in their meaning or use?

2) Choose the most appropriate words from

Exercise 110 complete these pairs of sentences

{Use words from the same group for each pair

‘You may need to change the form of the words

1 à) Alter a detailed —- by experts, the painting
‘was pronounced tobe a fake

b) The oficial my passport before alowing
me into the county
2 2) Most arts and musicians are not nd

just want 1 produce wonderful at

2) Sportsmen tend tobe by ther dese to
3 à) There was a sucesstl of album covers

from the 1960s in London which atracted
many visitors

The director gave a detaied — on the
future plans forthe at galo

Use of Englisl
(Part 3)

word formation

FAT Discuss these question,

1 Why do people colect things?
2 What kind of things do you cole, have you ever

colected or would you ie o collect inthe future?

3 What makes acoletion of anything valuable?

wi

1 Read the text and find two pieces of advice
‘offered to people who have collections

memorabla, or whatever, ut for some peopl the
‘urge to collect things continues into adult ie.

Such people ar the subjects ofa new book by
Stephen Calloway that looks into the 4) ——_
‘obsessive world of colector and ther passions.
“These include al sons of people, ranging from

(9 — — who hoard Fine Arto ordiary people
‘whose (6) — for say poodle dogs leads them to
buy all manner of poodle art and pone shaped
objects.

‘But whether you're into at, potery, football
programmes or vintage motoreyces al collectons
ce space. As Calloway points out, with ess
intrinsically (7) —_ artefacts, it is often only an
(6) —— display thet stops a collection from.
becoming jst pile of ol junk. Knowing when o
stop buying, therefore, and using good (9) —

Pa 7

2 Read the text again. Use the words given in
Capital below to form a word that fits in the
‘numbered gap. There & an example at the
beginning 0).

© ACTIVE
1 POSSESS 6 FASCINATE
2 FASHION 7 VALUE

3 ATTACH 8 IMAGINE
à DENY 9 JUDGE

5 MILLION 10 dour

Grammar 2: verb patterns
1

1 Read the ttle and fist sentence of the text
Have you heard of Robert Ripley? What do
you know about him? Read the rest of the text
10 see if you were right

A man who couldn't stop
collecting things!

Bom in 1893 Caloris, Rober Ripley was lt
taught ast whe managed (1) —— ll) is nt
‘rang ton Re was 14 nara lee, he longed
9 thine) ae in baseball bt fled

(8) —— (achieve this aie breaking i ae in
isi profesional gare. Without allowing is

(6) —— (imerfere) wit is aber pas, be began
(8) —— (word) profesional canons nd in
1918 besarte (6) —— raw) canoe festering
‘od facta, Thr cos encouaged hi ()
(ure is inter noes,

Ripley loved (8) — ol) bu vide
(9) (arg) anything normal e went on
(00) in hi hause wit 08 ac. He
vs an unos person so dred (11) = wear)
Tigh olor e Calle cast never eared
(1D -—— re), He never minded (13)

(as) recontra cp for ratio Bonde,
‘voided (4) = Communica.) by telephone in
‘ase he rsed (15) —— (e) leeward. He
detested (16) —— (in), ned many boas

In 1933, he opens hi ft “Odor ending
17 pay) ie strange anefcs. He ever
‘ered (18) —— — (do) iss Iwan sce
here ar now over 27 muss in tn namen, and.
tourists are encouraged (9) © (mak) the 3
alin high.

2 Read the text again. Complete it using
the correct form of the verbs

tracts Reject, recycle
2 Match each set of verbs a-f tothe or retain?

correct pattern 1-6. Refer to the text it

necessary. {Do you have a roomful of clutier, or are you tidy?
a) D] mod, detest, imagine, keep an, mind Do ou aoe wih people who (1) salu rm
miss, put off, risk (tellthrow) things away as soon as they are no.
2) ben, encourage, ne, rade urge longo sett or do you) (ota
el ‚nd of) anything? Of course, we all (3) -—————
9 O attempt, deserve, expect, fail, manage, (onjoy/ook back) on our lives; everyone.
rec tener, dare “ — (emomborhave) atavourte 1
8 (org, 0 on Ike, regret, remember, or at ol ting in tho past, but do we
sto. ty (6) ————— (mins00) hese tings being
©) Oma, et help alu row as pat of nosalg at mod na

wendy restaurant? if only we had kept them, ey

9 Ceo, conte, tend, pope star er readers tere

Y yes alone by ig or inte no) = ee ae
ferent mesringe inet se
2 verts flowed y ung o nit ut 1) memories. We (7) (ideas) o
vit sma oro eileen in meaning fuure vale of many othe ems we possessed,
3 veros normal flowed by ne (ih and te or gave them away on wo had
” (0 ——— Dinterebp) a cotecton ot
4 veto normal flowed by «ing Such tems a the me, se woul et naw
5 veros normaly flowed by an object and Finn ee er ae

inte (uthout 10)

6 vers notmaly followed by an object and o arena

‚an infinitive (with to) parent, parmers, ends — (10)

2 oe ee ae ante
‘each of these rules. ‘they are only (12) — (attempvremove)
À lowe efi, co plate are mires

J oe a a = een
Beeren =
2 Verbs followed by -ing, €.g. | remember rude

Se te ae

‘cute before / after the main verb

5. Discuss these questions
1 Do you have a roomful af lite, or are you tidy?

> Grammar reference p.197 (15)

44 Complete the text using the correct 2 What do you think ofthe adic the writer ges a the end
form of both the verbs in brackets ofthe text? Wry?
Remember that sometimes you may need 3 Do you think that collecting souvenirs could be a good way
toadd an A of A money?

NA AAA
ATATATATATATA .

Writing: review (Part 2)

142 Discuss these questions.

1 What kinds of things ae reviewed in newspapers and
magazines?

2 How much are you influenced by a review? Would a good
rene encourage you to go and se afm? Would a bad
review stop you buying 2 book?

1 Look atthe information about writing reviews. Then
read the review of Edvard Simpson's paintings below.
Which element is missing?

Reviews usual include the following elements:

+ intoduetion to catch readers interest

+ background information

+ a bref account of what is being reviewed

+ any general comments (either postive or negative)

+ personal opinion and recommendation,

He comes fom along line of ents, ut has ben pain
seriously fo stan year. Although Edward's
randfuihe is a professional panier and ilstrator of
«ile books he was es tn anxious o encourage
Pis sixycarald grandson, part because he did want
him 0 damage his aims, bat mosly because "we didnot
need another soga and penniless anit in he family.
In is fathers yes, hough Edward's paintings ‘ae spot
on Edward ellis a natura, He may only bo sx, bt he
os an eye for at and Knows instinctively what ei doing
swith pain

So what Kind of piture does Eva pin? He enjoys
painting animals specially dogs, and his approach i
simple and direc. His bold cartonish figures ave already
established a small but exclusive marke: people may well
tbe collecting them with an eye 1 he future, He uses
ray colours and a natural approach, and is pictures
‘would add char oan livingroom. Some people might
find ther 00 simple for sophisticated tastes, but ihr is
cenanly something special bout the shep in parclar
that catches the eye.

‘Whe 1 ist sw Edward's work vas suprised at he
effect had on me. was profoundly moved. found the
clean lines of his painting remahable ad thought
provoking. a et othe simpliciy of Picasso. Will
Edward be the Picasso ofthe Faure? Only time wil el,
but thinks exhibition is well worth lok.

En AE ae

2 Look back at page 86, where the
missing element can be found. Then

read the whole review again and

answer the questions

How would you describe the syle of

the review — formal informa ora

2 Why dots the reviewer include direct
speech?

3 How does the reviewer catch the
readers interest inthe beginning?

4 In which part ofthe review does the
revewer nude

2) a description ofthe paintings?

2) his own opinion?

©) general comments?

3 The reviewer has varied the
language to keep the readers

interest and bring the paintings

alive Find words oF phrases in the

review that mean the same a6

unenthusiastie

poor

ect right

ie funny drawings

noticeable

‘strongly affected emotonaly

7 the futures uncertain

13! Look atthe following task. Write

a review, remembering to Include all

the elements from Exercise 2. Take

special care to begin in a way that

catches your readers interest, and use

à range of vocabulary

A A —
An international magazine is
running a series of reviews of
‘exhibitions and museums called It
You

should describe the exhibition or
‘museum, explain what had such an
impact on you and say whether you
Would recommend it to others.

Write your review in 220-260 words

Writing reference p.204

UNT “77 Review

1 Read the text below. Use the words given in capitals at the end of some
of the lines to form a word hat fis in the gap in the same line. There isan

‘example atthe beginning (0).
Would you pay over the odds for a private ve

How much would you be willing to pay fora few moments

alone with the world’s (0) conten. punting? The Neue Gallery COST
in New York hit the (1) —— recently wit its much publicised HEAD
@)of the painting Adele Bloch-Bauer ] for a record ACQUIRE
$135 million. The painting is now on public display and the
Gallery charges a modest (3) fe of $15 to non-members ADMIT
who want to come in and view the work
“The gallery has come up against problem, however. Demand
Lo se this piture has been (4) High, and there is excerT
always a crowd of (5) — visitors gathered around it ADMIRE
‘There is, therefore, no opportunity or quiet (6) of he CONTEMPLATE
"work; no time when you can stand in front ofthe picture
(7). by the movements and comments of fellow at lovers, INTERRUPT
‘The gallery has, however, come up with a(8) —— .Ithas SOLVE
announced that on Wednesday aftemoons the price will be
hiked 10 $50. This means that those willing and able to pay
(9) —— more will be rewarded with a more inmate viewing. CONSIDER
Let's hope tha he experience lives upto their (10) —. EXPECT
NZ. Choose the correct alternative in each of 3. There i one spelling mistake in each of
‘hese sentences these sentences. Find the mistakes and correct
1 The exibition is about to / due to open on 12th them.
December 1 Edwards grandlather is a profesional painter,
2 By ths time next yer | wil have been clectng / which has given Eoward ahead star.
<Olected football memorabila for almost 20yeaıs. 2 ‘tis very important to have à good ilustrater or à
3 How long does / sl take for he artist to ft nice book.
ths commission? 3 found the clean lines f he painting both
4 Do you remember 1 see / ec that website temarkesbe and fascinating
about computer games? 4 Many atts stugge to make a vin, and some
5 im really ooking Forward 1o go / going tothe nex ema almost pennyless during thei ieime.
collectors fa 5 always read the reveiw pages ofthe newspaper -
6 You're bound to enjoy enjoying that pay tal ing them thought-povoking.
about a reciusve collector of fine art. 6 My room i fl of dutter Fm always planning 10

have ating sesion but never get round ti!

© oto stm ar your CORO Torner exam pro

UNIT
S What keeps us going

Listening 1 2 Now listen to someone talking about
“a BS ee ore e
1 characteristics of people who score:
1 Look at this job advert 1 twelve or above? 3 fine or below?
2 snto eleven?
SALES EXECUTIVE wanted or busy sity centre sits yo aio bn hu
eduction ad interpersonal ecard do
Ind some previous experien s Y ich pe of person do you think old
esa, The sucessful applicant wll be a ef beast 10 work wth?
Starter withthe ability to develop the cent base for 2 Which typeof person do you tink most
‘now range of online services Companies rer 1 employ? Wy?
Send your CY Es
2 of these words and phrases do you think Vocabulary: three-part
describe the sort of person the company is looking for? phrasal verbs
sociable able 0 work independently 41, Look at these extracts from
bushy has god Judgement reale listening Exercise 22
ring to follow set procedures imaginative HE nn ay lp ah am
autos conformist aggresive story Wino ig
are Ro common sense obedient” courteous nee
3 What do you think is implied by the term selístater 2
in the ad? Make notes 1 Match the sentence halves.
@ 4 tistento someone taking about selfstartersand make 1 Some managers real BTE
notes on what they say about the qualities of such amistat sat
people. Then compare their teas with your own. Were 2 Pop fon CO SIGA dica
they the same? situations

3 was so disappointed becouse

2 Gt an amazing special oler of à VO
1 Do you think you could be a self-starter? Complete the 4 I cout the job
questionnaire, then add up your total score. Sy al my work
independent

6 Athaugh chien SGU! pong
ot oa to

but ha a letter back rom te company
Saying that rey ad es

wy because cout the
‘pons itinvoved

On ther workplace, and often have 10 PE.

St of sess.

6) hey often don't et rio throwing
them aay mine aes my ate!

© but eipect here same prop

en.
9 20 at on Mn the number of

boring meetings | have to 90 o.

2 Think of a synonym forthe highlighted three.
part phrasal verb in the sentences on page 92,
‘Check your ideas in the Longman Exams
Dictionary: Were you right?

1/3) Replace the phrases in italics with a three:

part phrasal verb from Exercise 2.

1 ts nota great idea to order anything on the net
without checking that the st secure.

2 Although people tld me | was not very god at
footbal wasnt un l'as dropped fom the
team that I eally came to terms with the fact

3 Teachers often face bad behaviour from pupil in
‘the dasroom.

4 don't have much in commen with my sister
were always arguing

5 1 got through far 100 much chocolate rm ing
ro reduce the amount eat

Za: Complete the sentences below so that they
are rue for you. Then compare your ideas with
a partner

1 couldn't go through with. because

2 have to put up with. because

3 The lst ime Iran out of». as

4 tal want o get round 10. because

Use of English 1: word formation
(art 3)

x

1 Imagine you are going to apply for a job.
Which two of the following would be most

Important in your CV or letter of application?

tas of your experience and quaiation

examples of your personal quals

Information about when you could start

list of your free-time actes and hobbies

an inca of how much you expect to be paid

‘dear layout and acurae language

Read the ttle and the text quickly Does it

include the two things you chose?

12, Read the text again. Use the word given in
capital below the text to form a word that ft in
‘the numbered gap. There is an example a the
beginning (0.

HOW TO MAKE A GOOD
INITIAL IMPRESSION

youre job-hunting m Bra e
(0) essential to know he conventions for
ring good Curriculum Vee (CV). is
‘aly sheet f paper on which yu st your
personal deals, (1) — and experience Many
‘employers request a CV rater than suing a
andré (2) form when thy are looking
‘ofl @) posts The CV ean. however lo
be uel you want to write to employer tung
‘ham know that youre aalabl should a sable
(0. (5) nd simple are
‘the ky eres of good CV.

Employers may have lok trough hundreds of
{hum whan ey are on à (6) —— dre. and
anya are overlong or havea por out are
aly de dscarded Immedanay. (1)
the content eis important therefore make
your CV lok as business a pose. 1

(@) cou good quai emo lin paper
and a dear bo ypeticen Back ink information
‘Should e presented inthe for of once
sentences, pss aranged into bul pois
under (9) ——. Another importan
conidraion is (10) as nobody aly
Lo be Impress by OVs conan pen oF
ancien errors, So make sure you check
cr

a

O ESSENCE

1 QUAUFY 6 RECRUIT
2 APPLY 7 RESPECT

3 sPeciEY B ADVISE

4 VACANT 9 HEAD
SOLAR 10 ACCURATE

3 Make a note of the advice given in the text
about Cvs. you were a boss, which piece of
advice would you think is the most important?
Why? What does it tll you about the applicant?

japped text

About he exams In Paper 1, Part 2, ou il
Fand a tou rom vnc dx paragraphe have
been removed and placed In med order
Sfr the tes, You mu dee rom were
inthe tet the paragraph hve bean
removed: On one aa i corso ach
Grea ert wom ec parao wich
doesnot tin any ofthe gop. The texts in
Se part neta Sony or present
nin opi
Suggested procedure
1 Read the base est tough, ignoring the
Options AG forte moment Mar ofthe
‘formation you need follow te tory
Gr argument inthe base ent AS you
rende pay attention fo te information
Seas before an alter exc gp =
stort to thnk about wnat might be
Ising, Underin any word and
presione that make dec reference to
Stat ha gone Beto, 40; next
2 ead paragraph A-G to get a general
Iden ne coment agen, anne
any words and expresion tat make
ect reference to what has gone before
3 Godhrough the base text ago. Stop
toch gp ad check wether exch option
AG ts or ot Look for voesbulty
Sd grammar nk fou think youve
found the key, doable ec al the
‘eterences before and after the gap.
You cant decide between two
Paragrapte wre both eters and come
facto ier
4 When youve inthe, read the whole
Ver your anes place. Does
make sent Double heck any po
rere te soe of ie erate lo
argument doesn feel gute ight
Remember tere on option seh
oes not ft any gap

1 You are going to read a magazine
article. Six paragraphs have been removed
rom the extract. Choose from the
paragraphs A-G the one which fits each gap
(1-6), There is one extra paragraph which
you do not need to use

Preethi Nair tells the story of how she
broke into the world of publishing with
the help of her publicist, Pru Menon

‘al vegan stot ne yes ag At ap fine een hers
of Pru Menon, and a iad and ee. Frust wth Me
ga ad ni 5 a management cons, sed
ting à Say on my Van may Woe ic. ms bot a
Jung wor wa wae ooo er ess but ri rei.
“Toe, nom of tose sane manent wen the ouh engages
th ching heat my bos as resin and wy,
"otic anova sw ake wih tell

My dream job
.
.

On as pie, resista snot my mama
vas pls maging the dy when being cope

8 my besisoor for acia fans. Then came the rst 0! mary
"thanks, but no thark vou tes. Being race e a, So in
moment Ses macs rió od ly args on
subis my Dock come Ms | were Io so
enh,

2

My main sy was bat png e ok waste Dpt
tion: the pubiciy woud te De hrs in o arar. Fé
‘nd a pbc who new fe uses o get me Dok rs
ard rs ora, tee ner acond. Bt Gt hve
a ad. ered he yet ani sack.

So stats wo tone Ines in my re Dom and ceed a
(Sec, eet erez, bythe name of Pru Menon. So
ous at my Parse shaking. made my Hs a A son
sous ames, my wee faired and, see my
st nt insert rca ur up on a sa. had
my aad ry fads. Mint ts ike? en ht
ste the moy send oe

4 ]

As ie wens passed, | was amazed at how crient and
press became i oe a my ty aerepn Ste vas
tte woran Td ays ward be, Whe Pu seared
Ire, was) din ham. pce ede un
at, Thar a Oomebac ey Ta’ wha Bags when
ou wrk ols wi sone

>]

Wy em og hate was mal sue thee wre
ps le ok ne ts. Rad go o ey ode
1 Laon ar ln van hom stoke By is sap,
the sess lta was ating oo much

| st oct pat deal ita ig se, a when Bog
‘alte wok Tore, kn ha ka nn, Brg
Pru tad mach me songer in was | could ew: hare
nad, an arto tp wih rc. at rr
sent or pose ctf me a Si weeks are was Sk as
parla rest del loa pubis. Pr fra In
talent ts mai tat deans de come ne you
realy make hem ten.

A oooh abet ang a Hor to = aa
car eal pre als and say 14, Im
rth Nal and have trate bok ou must
i by Prot Nai Bt vas à oak la
‘te Then sen | gt e al dig e
nye Fl tne to change my name, and De mach
me coven an psy ny us shy perra,
‘ae cut wk

18. 1 tt amone ut hou much | sod oe,
‘tug ecu | a wart end omy soy
‘nes a cay le, sas | te eveyone FA faze
sere rc ar, nme och hw
Pushing ah woe, |

(€. ba sat ami ar as rtve, ut ater a
ua wor, rn at ny pub shoud gt
same repo. Tang Ws, Nov, wo Oy
have coun atertn to the fact that my paty
pu was acta me ~ she as my argo

DS somttom mado A tra even te west
tons Ae serca resonate sou
pres reg, | eat est wuld D ease
Thott tsb ok aie em opt,
ab wh pane 179 més VA the press wen or
revo cones | Rad spend ap and ngs ing
the pag my

Thre was page In which | ou tao sera
at i,t Gays son hang m
Im cst hres st. ai nave ton
tna do rs wou flow ers, erase Td
en a ap 0 Tr. But was qu as pleas
a

|
nl o
war ann ete oo ann
oc ap as on na |
it th an
| m |

G To pen is naming aa. | same out

[esoo core esten nik. ek aden |
rec and start gl. ter tt 20 ph cls

| qa o my sie — eating to meda pone as
‘hgh kan hem fr yas a kan Io be
la y reci.

2. Do you have à dream job? How far would
you be prepared to go to get something you
real wanted?

UNITS at tee ora

Use of English 2: multiple-choice cloze
(Part 1)

1. Discuss these questions

1 What do you tink makes a job enjoyable?
2 Are there ay jobs you wouldn't ike Yo do? Why?
3 Would you lice 1 un your own business? Why?” not?

2

1 Do you think a teenager could un hisher own airine?
\Why2nwhy not? What problems might a teenage
entrepreneur face?

2 Read the text quickly to see if you were right.

TEENAGE AIRLINE BOSS

Maria leds yoga, a mine, Main was Je with no
WA. known for tang anges

‘pee, Marin ad sated i fet
ss 0) cis ga compar, ais une plug igh
Sims for we in pt ting, fom te le of Man Eb
Sle he was all's fee. Ent Ma departed on November 7,
(i setntboy and at vente Bei. Cain ved pes and mea a

ol (2 asa plo. Al Mari ad eed for nae
as mis où couse at Marin company. 00) tbe
‘lied tat) of jun suspended opens in Jona 2006,
Bei a pi nee 10 rn an Aine Amaya ad cal some
ie ots, and oe @) fey fering pega où the
Sp with ees or Ale sete, and Man ha Ô
Rwy I dam as pets i ety
‘Marin (9 ——— lan to ly an youth hat led im ost

Between Od and Cambridge an We problems and burs at
(ne en, Bu an a Bk wal (2) 1 ce wy of
ave QD out at dr acheremn.

3. Now read the text more carefully and decide which
answer (A,B, Cor D) best fits each gap. There is an example
atthe beginning (0)

© Abeto Bora Cmos widest
1 Atak © Bventure Cerdexour Dafa

2 Asuy Biem Con prepare

3 A instead B alternative € preerence rather

4 Atout Bram Chit D came

5 A largely Bintaly € primarly D péncpalh

$ A interest B attention support D athaction

7 Abe Bold Cehed D pulled

8 Away Boom Came D course

9 A-sent back B cought out € putoff D tumed down
10 A Athough B Despie C However D Nonetheless,

11 A reached B completed € obtamed D fuliled
12 A Blocking B standing € stopping D impeding

4. What kind of business
enterprises do you think teenagers
might be most sucessful at? Why?
+ running a website

+ being a DI

+ operating a market stall

+ organsing sports coaching

Grammar 1: direct and
reported speech

1

Read the til of the text below.

+ What was ih prize given for?

+ Wh do you think might have given
im the prize?

2 Read the whole text to see if
you were right

Prize for boss who
told staff: Spend less
time at work

1 Answer the following questions using reported
speech

1 Why did Mr Bamard question hs ow attitude
towards long hours at work?
He sid that

2 Wat di he think about his staff atte to work?
He realsed that,

3 What cid he say about the staffs reaction before he
Introduce the scheme?
He said that

4 What does he always say about staf aitu to
work?
He aways says that

5 What di he say about the time the office was open?
He sag that

In which sentence) above:
oes the modal verb not need 10 change?

does the vero tense nat need to change?
could the verb tense change (backs)?

Explain why. Look at the Grammar reference if
necessary. Then complete the rules

à) Modal verbs such as and do not
‘ways change thee form when the reporting verb is
inthe tense

1) When the Sequence of events, it not
necessary to Bakshi rom past to past perfect.

€) When he reporting verb iin the present
perfect of future, IS not necessary to change the

> Grammar reference p.194 5)

1 Read the rest of the text. What did Sarah
actually say (1-4) Tella partner.

oll

She
as
ad

E

sl

2 Complete the rules

8) When something is always tu, the tense of the
vero —— change.

0) Reporting verbs that express the importance of
an action ae often followed by the mod

Watch Out! say and te
Which sentence is correct in each pair?

1 3) She tld me to ak othe bos.
1) She told that should tak tothe boss.

2 2) She sald that should tal to the boss
À) She said me to talk tothe bos.

UA! Complete the sentences using the correct
form of say or tell

1 2 lames — me that you were working in
London.
E) les James who that you were
working in London,
2 a) Hary goodbye to Sue and walked out
of the room,
by Harry Sue that he was leaving and

walked out of the room.
3 a1 ____ ules not to go tothe party, but he
insted.
1) that Jules should’ goto the part,
but he insiste
4 a1 to Carb tat
for him to have done
1 Caro that it was he right thing for
him to have done,

as the right thing

(D 252 Work with a partner. Take turns to say
‘each of ne reported sentences below using
rec speech, Discuss whether you thik You
re comet oF not and write down a version
you think i correct Then Isten to check.

1 He sc that he ha been wrong o et ang

2 She sal hat she had card mote an ever
ine res ea.

3 She tha he had never met him before

4H father urged Michal to tink about what he
vis dog

5 She promise that she would work harder he
foloving wee.

6 He sade blvd ha vera performance
‘wou improve hey gave bonuses other
Sate

UNITS nat tps org

© 1 Listen to someone talking about how
they started ther career. Then write à
brief summary of what was sid, using
reported speech, Compare your version
with another student. Are they the same?

Write your own short description of your
ideal job. Then read it to your partner.
‘They should write à summary of what
you have sai. Then check their version
with your own notes.

Listening
(art 3)

: multiple choice

1. How would you feel you were
offered à part in à TV soap?

‘What could be the advantages and
disadvantages of the job?
2

1 Look at the questions in Exercise 3.
Highlight the verbs, nouns and adjectives
{hat seem most important in each option

Find words or phrases in the questions
‘that mean the same as:

finding the money to do something
feeling pleased because people proie you
something you've aways wanted 0 do
901 used to doing something

having arguments

told people something

8 got worried

© 23: vou wit hear an interview wth Any
kom a former soap star who now wea in
the heath sence Choose the amer (8,
Corb) which fs bet acording 1 what
You hear
1 Ary aceped the pat inthe sap because
I one of er fends as easy workng on
dre progama
8 she sas ay of franc her
Aer ai
she fe are to tint hat he hd

been chosen
D it meant she coud full hfelong ambition

Once she had sewed ino working on the programme,
Army found that

A she kept fling outwith he colleagues.

E the esto associated witht didnt suit her

€ acting was more Gui than she had imagined.

D she wasnt left with enough time for enjoying hese.

at prompted Amy to leave her job?
IA something she was told to do
B increasing fecings of homesickness
€ an aspect of the plot ofthe programme
D the fact that she was putting on weight
4 Alter she announced her decision t leave, Amy
AA fe uit about eng people down,
B stared to have second thoughts about it
€ became anxious about her inancal commitment
D had to convince her family that twas the ght ting.

5 Wy id Amy take a job in an old peoples home?
A She was looking fr less tng work
B She needed to do work of some ina
(€ She wanted o fee responsible for others
D She thought it would be useful or her career.

6 Inher new work, Amy
A sometimes regrets that shes no longer a celery
B is Please that people remember her TV work.
€ wishes that she had more lesure time
D feels greater jb sation,

4. Do you think that Amy made the right decision?
WMA not?

5. What sort of person does Amy seem to be?
(Choose three words from the lt,

frivolous indecisive
luisback realise

thoughtful
sociable

Speaking: comparing (Part 2)

3 Work with a partner. Think of the advantages
and disadvantages of working in these
different environments, and what might make
people want to work there.

ral shop ee
sons centre

garage hospital
open plan alice

2 Compare two of the places by linking your
ideas using words from the box
though

wereas conversely hist

2, Look at the photographs of people working
in different places on page 185. Compare two of
the photographs and say what the advantages
and disadvantages of working in each place
flat be, and which might be the exes o

3 Discuss these questions.

1 Do you think that people work harder or es har
now than in your grandparents’ day?

2 Do you think that people work 00 much or too
nte nomas?

3 How much time do you think people should spend
at wor Why?

Grammar 2: reporting words

4. Match sentences 1-11 to the appropriate
reported statement, question or order ark below.
Highlight the words or phrases that helped you
choose the appropriate statement, then complete
the rest of the sentence.

samp
ENS gig In e

He decided to fish the report she nes day.
1 Finish the report ight now
2 "think you should trish the report ethene
miss the deadline
3 "es. wae me =I made the mistake withthe
report”
4 "Don forget to fis that report as soon as
you can
5 "You have 10 fish the report, because the boss
needs the information
6 "pan to fish the report this afternoon
"You don't have to finish the report because Sue
has aa done t
"eran Hi the report by tomorow
morning,
9 "Well done = you've finshed the report realy
Po
10 "You're right — have to finish the report today”
11 “Laly dont want to have 0 finish the repo
today Just not fie
a) He congratulated me on finishing the report
$) He ordered me to finish the report
{He intend to finish te report
e) He admited making the mistake
+) He explained that had 10 finish
1) He aise me o ish the report
9) He reminded me to fish the report
1) He agree 1 finish te report
D He confirmed that | didn't have to finish the
report
D He promised o finish the report
Y) Me complained about

100

LIT 8 athens gg

2. We can report what someone says by using
‘ver + infinitue (nth or without an object)

+ ve + sing, (vith oF without an abject)

+ vero + that

‘+ vero» preposition + sing

2 ver à objet preposition + ing

Put the reporting words from Exercise 1 int the
correct column according to the way they are
‘Used. Then add the words from the box below to
the correct column, including the preposition
where appropriate

announce command remark aim

oler refuse apologise propose ask

threaten invite accuse thank suggest

Verb + object Verbe Verb +

‘preposition infinie prepostion

ing Eng

congratulate

(en)

Verb + that Verb + verb +
objects ing
Infinitive

Watch Out! suggest
Wich sentence isnot possibie?

2) He suggested going out
b) He suggested that they should go out
© He suggested us to go out.

> Grammar reference pp.194 (5), 197 (15)

3 Choose the correct alternative in each of

these sentences. Then rewrite the sentence so

that the other verb would be possible.

1 She promised / announced to attend the meeting

2 He expected insiste to receive the invoice before.
he pad forthe goods,

3 The manager agreed / confimed to accept the
poly decsion

4 She demanded ordered im 10 arrive on time.

5 The employees offered suggested o take a small
pay at.

5 The manager thanked | congatulted me on
ranging the work etc in the fic.

1 Work with a partner, Match the following
Sentences to one of the reporting words from
the box below. There are two you will not
eed to use.

thank confim advise congratuate
complain announce apologise remind
rue ask ate.

Example:

‘Would you ke to come an stay wath me next

week, Carlos?

She invited Carlos to stay with hor the following

reek

Pease don't forget to send that email today

2 It were you, I would resign immediate

3 Well done for geting promoted - thats wonderful

4 {m definitely not going to do the Waning course
next yer.

5 The fod in the canteen is temible!

{6 Michal, please help me write this proposal -
Lean dot

7 Ths tlt al employees know that the managing
recor wil leave the company next week.

8 Im somy that | was late - there wes a problem
withthe van.

Take turns to report your sentences to each
Other using the reporting word you have,
chosen,

Writing: proposal (Part 1) 3

41 in Paper 2, Part 1, you moy be asked * Ned the Following task

Alea poro Woo will be Bien à ROA AMM A
task and some input, but you may have to Your lass is going to write a proposal for the ideal

‘add some ideas of your own. workplace of the future. Read the comments from a

Look at the two outline plans below. St OU ee incite Eo de ot

en a Popular workplace from the Internet. Then write
wae one ind a our proposal, identifying the main issues that

KD one shelter propos! Should be considered and proposing the ideal
A ‘workplace ofthe future, with reasons.

Wie your proposal in 180-220 words

Sean’? stand working wear
ether people = so hen inl

.
I work ah rte =
‘t's especially bad with the phone.
Tim worried about having 40
Ge bron at a seca
2 f
Y nih fhe aonng tement are i
Ciao uot appeal Ehate the iden of eral
ti written in informal language. cr e abba.
+ tina apo nd
os
car re eh — —
5 ny nan bt pons i
seven
+ It uses a lot of linking words to promote. "

da a
+ It proposes à new dea and tiesto pesuade
the reader of ts value vin ange ein

+ it uses a range of colorful language the cen, and ther smaler working areas wih ndviual
2 What isthe difference between a report ests Tere are iplys withthe latest newspapers
{and a proposal? Complete the following ‘magazines, dretore and reference books. Tea, cafe
sentences, and war ae avalabe. The erionmentis quiet mel
1A looks to the future, giving specific phones must bo on vato, and personal comersanons.
plans fra particular situation ae Escala 4
2 A. makes several recommendation }
based on a current existing stato, A e

wat ps gong

2 Read the proposal, which was
writen in answer to the task.

Wa Look again atthe task in
Exercise 3. In which part of the
proposal has the weiter included:
+ comments from the survey
+ research fom the internet,

Why is this?

=

1 Read the proposal again. Find
formal expressions that mean
he same as these informal
‘expressions from the comments
inthe survey.

1 cant stand

2 especially bad

3 I need tobe pushed

à soshutin

5 Fm momie about

2 identify the modal verb that is

sed most often in the proposal

In what part of the proposal is it

‘used? Why is this?

M6. na Part 1 task you should
choose the information you use
‘appropriately, and you can expand
the information with ideas of your
‘own if you wish, The writer has.
said there are four key features,
but has omitted one. Complete
the proposal, adding the key
feature omitted from the input
information. You can use up to 20
words. Then compare your idea
witha partner

71 Now write your own answer
to the tak. Ask your classmates for
some ideas, and use these asthe
results of the survey. Remember to
check your writing using your
‘checks.

> Writing reference pp.199, 207

Introduction
Many people hase problems with then workplace:
We were acted to unite a proposa) for an ideal
workplace that would address these 24065 We
Undertook research though a suey and research
on the internet,

Background information
M: clear that many people distie noise,
preferring 10 work m & quiet emiroment, where
it's impossible fo hear others speaking, The phone
is a particular issue here. Others lle to feel
that they are part of a team, and need people
around then to maintain their notation. Some
disile sal offices, fading then claustrophobic.
everyone must feel Comfortable, and not have
concerns over 13085 Such as mea) breaks,

Suggestions for the wen) workplace of the

Future

The ¡deal workplace should hare Four hey

features.

+ If shoudl be ight and airy, and have space
betucen desks 20 that people fee! comfortable.

+ There should be ample opportunity fer people to
more around, and to hare drinks and food at
any time = rot only m designated lunch and
coffee breaks.

+ There should be à sense of team spirit 20 that
no-one à demotnated.

Conctusion
The ideal workplace rot a fantasy - it
recommendations Ike these are followed through
Hf can become reality.

12 Complete the second sentence so that it has
2 similar meaning to the frst sentence, using the
word given. Do not change the word given. You
must use between three and six words, including
the word given.
1 There are many things to think about before

accepting a job offer. TAKEN

There are many tings that should

consideran before

accepting a job or
Ita waste of time attending à job interview unless
you realy want the job. POINT
Mere _ 2 job interview unless
you realy want the jo
Fm afraid that | did do very wel in my
interview’ said Mike, ADMITTED
Mike ‘gone very well
‘The car park is only t be used by members of
stall XCLUSIVE
The carparks for —
sat
$5 Fiona, thnk you've been leaving work ear

haven't you said her employer ACCUSED

Fiona employer — work atl,
6 À cer and concise CV i a must if you applying

fora job in London. ESSENTIAL

I you're apphng or a job in London, it

© bic both ciar and

members

concise.

7 ‘tem sorry that broke your mp3 payer, Senda,
sa Trevor. APOLOGISED

Trevor ——— 1793 player
8 Flavia regretted not going to the concert. WASHED
Avia ‘the concer.

21 Think of one word only which can be used
appropriately in all three sentences.
Y The office staff couldn't get the new printer to
—— prope
Unfortunate, Tm idea for a new ofce layout
init out in the end
‘Clare had to towards a solution to the
Problem over several months

They asked George to take

There's a smal

oot

‘Melanie was put in

for the whole office

3 This bag comes from the companys mid-priced
of accessors

‘The mountain in Tibet's one ofthe most

famila images in the natural word

‘There à wide of food avale in

restaurants in London.

4 Under the new law, cigarettes can ony be

of the projet.
for using the swimming

of ordering stationery

advertised atthe of sale
Please, huy up and get to the = m
ieaung in fie minutes!
It often hard to grasp the —_ Ben yng to
make = he never thinks before he speaks.

5 vas at à 10 know what to say when she
told me the bad news.
“The company made a huge of over $10
milion ast year
‘Alter the accident, Graham suffered from a
temporary —— of memory.

$ The boss set an upper forte amount of
‘overtime anyone could doin a week.
‘We have no estra money = out finances ae
stretched to he"
There's no to what you can achieve you
realy vy!

3} Match the sentences to reporting verbs from
‘the box. There are two words you don't need to

admit deny advise persuade refuse
‘agree apologise accuse

1 was me who upset the office manages”

2 “were you, say twas sorry

3 “You wore tld to write that customer a formal
apology, but you dit doit, id you?”

ink it may have been my ful that the
document was ost

5 Thank you, but Im ata 1 havent got time fora
coffee a the moment”

6 “thnk you've got a point about that letter,
rete”

104

Speaking 1: choosing an image
(Parts 3 and 4)

1. Work with a partner. Tell him her about
something which has inspired you and why. It
‘Ould be a person, an event, a piece of music, a
book, etc. What do you think makes something
inspirational?

2. Do this speaking task with a partner.

(ke you to imagine that 2 colege is running a
Photographic competion. The college wants to
nd the best nspiratonal image to use on a poster
which wil be put up around the college buildings
The colege wants the poster to promote
International understanding. Here are some ofthe
photographs that have been submited

Talk to each other and decide which image à Should young
should be chosen and why. Wo o

Grammar 1: review of
narrative tenses

1 Choose the correct alternative in each
of these sentences. Then match them to the
Statements a about use of tenses.

1 You star siting in my seat could you
move, please?

2 He went our has gone out without speaking,
‘ad she never sav hos never seen im again

3 He traveled was vaveling through Greece
hen he met hs future we

4 The ain ad already et / as lead left
Switzerland when the snow started

5 he finished" fnished my homework — can
we go out now?

6 She rad /' read the guidebook on Brazil ast
week because shes o keen 10 go thee

1 Tim visting ist my trend in Bra next week,

8 ve bean staying / ve stayed in hs resort for
{wo weeks, and it great!

3 She'd on) lived been ving in he cy for
a week when she lost her passport

We use

2) the past continuous to say hat something
was in progres at a parlor time or event

he past perfect 10 show that something
happened before someting oe.

+) the present continuous fr temporary actions
and stuators that are curently in progress.

the past smple with expressions that reer to
a completed peros of time, e. yesterday. in
1999,

+ te present perfect o indicate that a fished
action or events elated tothe present

9 Ihe present continuous for future
arangements.

he past Smple 1 Lak about the past (unless
there season to use a afferent ten)

1) the present perfect cominuous used for an
finished action continuing int the present

0 the past perect continuous to show that one
Jong event happened before another in Ihe
past

2 2. Complete the text with the correct form
‘ofthe verbs in brackets = present continuous,
Past simple, past continuous, present perfect,
present perfect continuous past perfect or
past perfect continuous,

> Grammar reference p.197 (16)

Why did I do it?

Climbing wicanoes (1) —___— (become) a popa
{outst pase in recent years a fl tempting
coin of physical exertion an personal danger.
have lays ware y, and when fou hh
co of Maderas in Nearaqua @) (ap)
Inward ang a cater ae at he top, is seemed to be
my chance | hough tit singin à rate ke might
Ben. so) — (asad) vu tends ob
ar Seah 10.90 wih me Unfortunately we had done very
le pain before te ands he ole venture
turned ino a ase Once we (2) ———— i)
a the sun we aed hata hick mist nd Deny a
Ces - (os) the ew. ob and Sarah
ae to go back down medial but fe that a we
(© (eee) ts art oul be a waste of
flo not 0 sum. 10) ———— (eno) rat ating
(rs in rar kes, which was ater spooky, ad he
moment dent the uy wate ft hat t
(8) — (ul) me down nits less ep
19) (mere s ert in my Het
Alt ad ruge out of he water, we ares back
own but by hen (1) "Gi hard for
sucha log tie that he ope was sippry and dango
Wien we ly 1). (ai) back a the
hotel ated in mud and soaking wet, Stan acord nat
she (12). ik up) an obscure mountain
parte and was covered in ed seins. Since ten |
a) (rok) again, ad wen feds
so, (14) (oi) any mor wanes Soon?
y are clear bo ot

Do you think that people who do unusual and
dangerous things like this are:

adventurous?

response?

sun?

Explain your opinion to a partner.

Prepare to tel your partner about a similar incident
hat you have heard of, or atime when you had a
dificult or unusual experience yourself. Make notes
‘on what you want to say, and think about the
‘tenses you need to use. Then talk to your partner
and answer any questions they may have.

Write your notes up as paragraph. Check your
tenses, and make sure that they are accurate,

105

Reading: multiple matching (Part 4)

M Look at the headline of the article. In what ways do you

think young people traveling ln another country might:

+ make tend wt ca peop?

2 aps oct poole?

ZI Dicus these questions.

Y Mat probs mg you ave waveling in a country where you
dont know the language?

2 What typeof gs do people om your county ie when they
vist people brood?

3 Wat te of sures do you keto ring back when you ave?

#3) Read the article quickly. Which section talks mostly about:

things to take with ou? buying tings?

photography? speaking anote lenguage?

ob onthe road?

Wa You are going to read an article about young people
avelling abroad, For questions 1-15, choose from the sections
fof the article (A-E). The sections may be chosen more than

In which section does the waiter.
«ici the behaviour of some travelers?

admit 1 being 100 stubborn in one situation?

remember the kindness of a particular local oficia?
expres a ile fra cen piece of equipment?
Suggest remaining calm in the face of provocation?

recall being given advice about a personal mater?
suggest a better alternative toa financial transaction?
se against having a tight schedule when traveling?
encourage us to find out about the needs of local people?
recall choosing to tave in a relatively uncomfortable way?
remember sharing a common intrest with a group of
Stranger?

mention being given a reward fr being a source of
amusement?

suggest that some actes require the consent of local
people?

adit 10 finding some dificult tuations amusing to look
back on?

acknowdedge tat some people may ind it hard 10 acquire
à usetu sei?

BE A BS6ARBABAA

How to be
a good
traveller

You shoud aim to make frends
on your international travels and
avoid upseling anyone,

IA you want to break the le in
‘almost any social stuaon abroad,
remember youre a guest in
someone else county, so you

3 shoud make some ello 10 speak
the language. Oovousy you cant
‘expect 1 be fuen, even jus geting
by can be all À you havent got
the timo or apte ut any attempt,

19 however embarassing, makes an
‘enormous siterence, Th fet tine |
sor fat in Crna, | ony knew three
‘words of Mandarin, which 10 never
hard pronounced propety In the

Move, my fest aompis at
comersation proved so enteraning
10 my Posts that I was promptly
presonteg win a git. So Its work
ing 10 moot local poopie and

20 going ino conversation. Even you
nd up speaking mosty a shared
econ language, you can sama ot
‘about one noir | once trol.
‘thd class on a tain om Harare To

2 Bulawayo, pay because tough
wos mae the overnight journey
more rteresing. Since there were no
Spare seats, | ended up cranes
‘betwoon cariages. But wast ong

30 before the guard tok pity on me,
Inviting me back 10 his cabin where
ho pied me wih bain stores and
frshments until couldn ake ery
more of eter

2 The key o sess-hee travel is never to give yoursel a

esdine 10 mee. A soon a8 you do, tinge navtadıy sta
to unravel, and there's often very le you can do abou
vou have 1o make the most ol ings. | ten that the
Pong | tel ne most entertaining ancedotes about are
Times when things didnt que go according o plan. For
example, on what shoud have been a fre hour, cose
County dive othe airport in Mongolia, our je got stuck x
in a bog, Forced to camp ovorigh, we anota to Ind à
mal party of local nomade on harseback, compete
range, erganiang our recovery. We were eventual
delayed by twenty our hours, but tuned out to Ih
‘most memerabie day othe enti ul.

€. in many counties, haggling is par of everyday He, bu
ness youre alter something quie pricey, i not wort
taking 10 oxtemes. | once spent a aught morning in a
Nate! market egglng over the price ofa rug unt | was
‘be in he face, But the seler wouldnt budge below his
{na pice, was onl later hat |reaised been gin hs
Guy ahaa ie forthe sake of one euro. Te bottom io,
‘op hagging when you stop enjoying it OF course, even
youre as nice as po, there ae alvaye going tobe poople
‘who ty take advantage or abuse the positon, an thats
tue 0} any county, you do feel an oficial is bang
\areazonabe, be poite and stand your ground. The wort
1 thing you can do i ose your temper the chances ae thats

{acy wat you ages ea ote wem

D_ Traveling should mays be a two-ray experience The
‘mote your hosts can lea about you and your county, the
‘more youl both gel out off. Idea in this regard are
posteas om home; pictures of he capa wll always Go
‘own wei as the scenes may aleady be fama o your
hosts, but pures of where you actualy Ive and snaps of
frends and lami ae eal or breaking he co. amazing
how many tres ve boon ol which ol my Mende 1 shoud
(Mary for example! Gite aro algo à 9000 idea, but in
on 0, nt a a subetui for, gong o know people
| you 09 some tossarch beierahand, you can take
emathing that might ago be usa oof sees 10 hase
you meet in many counties, tow things wil ngratae you
"more win your nass, lor example, than things connected
sin the Desa game | was on a kayaking ip la a
‘emote region when | rs experienced ths phenomenon
Wo were onthe riverbank, arcunded by a group ol exotes
young chiste, but having not 2 wor ol her language. al
"ould do was sm, Then one id gave us te hums up
sign and said “Manchester Unica" in heaih-accentes
Engisn A ely exchange ol players names ensued, much
to everyone's amusement

E Da youl want to take home some mementos 100, and
this usualy involves photograph, Im no à fan of sneaking
sets of people wih long telephoto lenses unless thee
just a small par of à Digger image. Many people are
‘camerasny and, in some cules, suspicious of
photography, thanks largely 10 insensiwe foreigners
Iustng cameras in the Green al felucan! subes,
paricuady ehren. So if youre ino potas, make the
‘hort to 18K to your subject bat. To my mind, @ perl
‘nino a name or a sory has no more value than à
landscape witout a locaton. Gut, al the very least. got
permiasion rs. you ask someone o do something fo a
not. nen seems reatonabe 1o récompense them or
ther te, util no subsut orang people some of
your own ume,

Im» ones

25. Complete the collocations using one of the
words fram the box. Look back at the article 0
check your answers.

a

1 You have to... the ice when you meet new
people Yor the fst time.

2 IRS useful to be able to —— by ina language.

3 You have to an effon if you want to
make tends

Ws dificult when you first faot ina
county.

5 hope someone will pty on me f et
lost

6 Did everything —— according to plan?

7 ts important to al your deadines

8 Dé that man —__ you a har time?

9 In an argument, ts important to your
ground,

10 Ty not to your temper when people ae
being fut.

126. Discuss these questions.

Y How do foreign tourists and travellers behave
when they vit your county?

2 Do you agree withthe advice given inthe aie?

Vocabulary: dependent
prepositions - adjectives and nouns

Adjective + preposition

=n

1 Aajectives with related meaning may be
followed by the same preposition. Match each
set of adjectives to one of the prepositions
from the box. You will need to use one
preposition twice.

E o of tom with

1 good excellent competent
2 concerned worted —nenous
3 diferen separated apart
à similar related equnalent
5 pial characterise we

6 fascinates groped captivated
7 accessble open rested
8 pleased happy delighted
2 Are the prepositions usually followed by a
oun, a gerund or either?

22, Discuss these questions.
1 What do you get worried about?

2 What are you competent at?

3 Who ae you most smile to in our family?

Noun + preposition

3: Nouns, verbs and adjectives that share the
same roat may be followed by the same,
‘reposition. Complete the sentences with nouns
formed from the adjectives in Exercise 1 and add
an appropriate preposition,

1 Enforced... tends can min
relationships when people have 0 spend a long
ime apart

2 Whats the actual —_ the stuaton?

Te seems to me that most people are ying about
what heppened!

3 Why thee such a trendy hoiday
desinations nowadays? People are obsessed with
et

4 Herexreme = thing realy resvicted
the amount of traveling she was able 10 do.

A) Some nouns, verbs or adjectives that share

the same root may be followed by a different

preposition. Complete the sentences with nouns

formed from the adjectives in Exercise 1 and add

an appropriate preposition

1 Thor are often many European
languages which can hep people pick them up
each,

2 ch long haul avers would show more
E the environment and y less

3 There are fr fewer holiday
packages than travel companies want us to beleve
I thin they ae ll the some reali.

4 He realy loves traveling and gets a great dea of

Seeing diferent places.

125. How much do you think rave willbe
restricted in the future? What will cause this?
‘What would make you agree to restrict your own
travel plans?

Listening
(Part 2)

1 Look at the images from Tom Kevll Davies‘
Website which 1 called The Hungry Cyc
What sort of trip do you think he's going on?
What kind of help do you think he needs?

2 You're going to hear about Tom's trip through
the Americas. Make a lit of the vocabulary
you expect to hear related to how he's
travelling. Think about:

+ the eouipment he need

2 problems he might have.

entence completion

2
@ Uten to te radio feture about Tom and
answer the questions
Y whieh counties Pas ewes fa?
2 How many kone: vl he vein ota?
3 Wats the purpose of hs to?

$%

Ser

+ i

The Hungry Cyclist

When he not teng, Tom works

asa o
Tom uses his website as away of Finding both
(hand suggestions of

food he should ty
‘Tom bike has been adapte to void problems
of Chin the gears

that
resembles an American fod item,

Tom’ bike basa

Tom greatest problems on the trip are
caused by o
“Tom had a particularly god meal after he
almost lost his (6) one day
The fod items hat Tom has enjoyed mos so
far are (in North Ameria
“The srangest disk tha Tom has tried s ars

typeof made fom
an unusual animal

(EN —
Se)

RE

2 Listen again and complete the sentences

3, Look at these answers that students wrote
in the exam for the above task. Why Would they
be marked wrong inthe exam? What advice
Would you give these students?

1 graphhicdesigo 6 doped his gloves

4 bois 7 roadside diners

Shits 8 chicken

2 1 Tom was cycling around your country,

+ whieh route would you this him 10 take?
+ hat would you adie him to eat?

108

Grammar 2: emphasis (cleft sentences
with what)

ZA Look at this extract from the listening text.
What Tem eventual hopes to dois to rise £100,000 for
chant.

Why did the presenter choose to use this structure?

1721 Look at the dialogues below. What does the
structure beginning with what emphasise in each
+ à whole sentence
+ the verb or event
1 A: They have to be thee by sx inthe evening and
thin it 2 Jong journey by tain.
8B: OK - what they need to find outs which train leaves
before lunchtime
A He’ always lucky — bet that he wasn time forthe
bos
8: Quite ight what he did was catch the bus with
about five seconds 10 spare!
3A: Why was he s late? just don't understand it
3: think that what happened was he ao a the
io in good me but got hed up in the queue to
check in

1 Rewrite the following sentences. Emphasise the
bracketed part of each sentence using one of the
ways shown in Exercise 2.

Example:
Tant to know (how you travelled to France last ye).

What Wane te none how you traveled to France
Inet year

She (earned talon so that she cou speak to people

en she went to Rome on holiday),

What she =

{People who are always late) annoy me most

‘What —

3 (He couldn't visit guazu when he went to Brazil the fist
time) and that made him determined o go back.

what

4 We went on à course to become a fight attendant last,
yea.

What he

1 real ike to have (a holiday in Antartica)

What —

+ the object,

o

6 (She tod her boss how she fel about the
restructuring ol the company.
What — ¿

2 Rewrite the following sentences without
using a cf structure,

Example:
‘What 1 happening nowadays is that people

are waveling more.

People are trmeing more nowadays

hat he realy loves is raven by plane

What | ike o do is take photographs of every

pace vist

‘What do & use the Internet to say in touch

when traue

4 What am enjoying is the chance to travel
abroad for my work

5 was furious about the delay so what dd
was complan directo the aire

6 To my amazement, what Ihe aline did was
refund all my money!

3 Choose the correct alternative to
complete the statement about cleft
sentences

Clef sentences are mast often found in informal

speech formal speech / writen exis.

> Grammar reference p.195 (61)

1 Choose one of these topics to speak:
about

1 What real need to do to improve my
Engish speaking is

2 1had a surprise last week, What happened

3 What vale about my best friend is

“4 What realy lc to achieve in my fe

5 What realy annoys me's

2 Listen to a student talking about the fist
topic. What does she need to do? Why?

3 Prepare to speak on your chosen topic for
atleast a minute. Remember to begin
vt the cleft sentence you chose.

4 Work in groups. Take turns to talk about
our topic, and answer any questions.

TIP! Although cleft sentences are found
in informal speech and sound very
natural, don't overuse them as th can
sound forced.

‘Speaking 2: individual long turn (Part 2)
1 Look atthe three pictures, and read the task

‘The pictures show people doing things while traveling. ra
like you to compare two ofthe pictures, and say why you
think the people Rave chosen todo these things while
traveling, and what they tellus about the peoples atitude
to traveling,

2, In Part 2 you willbe asked to compare different
pictures. When you compare you need to express things
hat are similar and things that are different, and you will
also need to speculate about the pictures,

Read the example opposite and put the highlighted
phases in the correct part of the table, Two have been
one for you as examples.

‘What you thinks Comparing and
speculating contrasting
1 teoke e

Qualifying what you say Giving reasons/explal

Example:
on a sation platform: Esas tobe ea

trating fora tran | dont think pes
going to werk because hes dressed
esa ifn’ just going
Semewhere forthe day, oF maybe hes
meeting someone off the net ain to
who are also on à station |

x some of them are dressed a
mary and to me they com

3 fing bored because they do
ths journey every day and thats Y
hey te tying to ase the time by reading

3. Listen to a student compating
pictures 8 and C. Add any more words
or phrases they use to the table in
Exercise 2

1 Now do the task with a partner,
using the pictures on page 182. Try 10
Use the phrases from the table, and a
cleft sentence

Exam focus 1. For questions 1-15, read the txt below and think of the
word which bes fis each gap. Use ony one word in each gap.

Paper 3 Use of English: open ere san example atthe beginnin

laze (Part 2) Th pe at the beginning (0)

Example: [OA
[About the exam: Paper 3, Part 2 is

an open clore passage with 15
‘Gaps. One word goes in each gap
grammatical words, e.

ete rather than vocabulary related ‘tendency to take 100 many pictures on holiday? Finding

HOLIDAY SNAPS |

Have you ever not how most of ws (0) fae a
(0) —— in abeauy spot, we want to hold on tthe
Suggested procedure experience and 0 2) comes the camera, Bat he
Read the complete text quickly camera takes our attention away from the place itself with |
a ale (= result than effect. we stop looking, What's |
pee (8) only rarely (5) — we study this type of |
2 Read the txt before and ater protograph closely afterwards, (9) ifwe save and

each ga
missing,
3 ifyowe unsur

which

roti, it becomes just (7) — of many in an
similar shot.

bum of |

ich preposition o put) John Raskin wing when photography was (9) = js

ites fans for wrong: infancy in the 19th century, fought bitterly (9). the |

st ‘rend. He argued that, (10) of taking photographs, |

4 When youve ries de we shoul all eam 1 daw. His view was at yo uy o |
peer i Ale aes draw anything, (1) — simple it may seem, you |
Answers in pace (De fe took morcilla |

|

at things inthis way, you come to appreciate (13)
they actully Jook like. He tells ws, for example, hat
(14). most of us have never relly studied a tee, we
say things like: ‘Pd Jove 10 goto Indi.” “Nonsense says
Ruskin. Fist learnt see a tre properly, then move on 10
your house and (15) —___ the time you're ninety you
‘might be ready fr a ip to India. These are wise words
for ou overaravelld, but underobservant age

2 Discuss these questions

1 Do you agree that we should learn to draw instead of taking
photographs? Wy Why no

2 How has the digital camera changed peoples attitudes towards
Photography?

3 Do you tink people wll take more or fewer photographs inthe
future? Wey?

ing: competition entry (Part 2)

1 Look at the photograph,

Any do you think it was taken?
+ Wat does it show about Have

2. Read the following competition
announcement and for questions 1 and 2 choose
the answer (A, B, Cor D) which you think fits
best according to the text,

Something to say about travel today?
Enter our competition for the Travel
Photograph and Article of the Year! There are
two categorie:

+ Face to Face — people or animals

+ The personal approach ~ issues in travel
Submit one photograph and article (220-260
words) in your chosen category In your article
You should explain what your photograph says
about travel today, with supporting details,
You should increase awareness ofthe issues
ile clearly stating your own point of view
and engaging the reader

1 The aim ofthe competion is 10

A inform readers ab
4
e young people an opportunity tobe

aeling aout

al issues aise by traveller.

2 The atl submitted must

A informative

B interesting or people working in tre wave!
sty

lightchearted and amusin

1 supported by proof of academic research

3

4 Think back to the previous work you have
done on articles. Look at the Writing reference
fn page 208 necessary What are the four
‘main aims of an article that ls aso an entry for

b) to expan a point of view

9 16 organise the article clearly and

€) to present tacts and gues

2 How can you achieve these aims? Choose four

ideas

2) plan your ideas carfuly in paragraphs
b) use metrical questions
© use dec speech

+) use connectors and Ink ide
$) think about layout, using headings and bullet

13

INIT 9 Ones

a

1 Look back at the photograph on page 113 and
‘the competition announcement. Your friend
‘wants to submit that photograph for the
competition, and has to write the article to go
‘with but not sure how to go about it
What advice would you give your friend?

QD 2 Listen to someone giving vce tothe

friend. Was

‘the same as yours?

@ > listen again ar pote down sit ey things ou

oma

must do when writing your article for this
competition

1 Read this article which was written in

answer to the tak. Answer these questions.

1 What the aim of the introductory paragraph?

2 Has the waiter included ai of the necessary points
from Exercise 3?

3 Has the waiter incuded any of your ideas?

4 Does the arte include varied and interesting
vocabulary? Give some examples

Travel
to “ime. BUF WS nor all
personal Front. Have

issues, either!

First, think about the time you waste in airport ecnecurses.

i a a ae a cages
Seri seri staan Ds NE

Then there's the time
Certainly) you may be avell
tran for lock = tut not every
fiends of mine pen a.

Sin a very definite not”.

X course, there is another side 40 the coin - 1 can't
pretend Hs all bad mews. the opportunity 10 See the world,
experience other euliures, have amazin

are part and parcel of anavellir

personal di
made you think’

around the world seems 40 be an attractive way

ever showy ao she regia

Side of aravel? And Tm not talking about envi

i

think Of andın ten things immediately

vr with
You love will be vol you

year’ backtacking

and when asked whether they would dol again, replica

oe
ee ee
Be are sree
ua
SEND

5 What linking words or phrases ae use? Find some
examples,

6 How does the writer engage the reader? Give
examples.

7s twit in an Informa or formal style? Ge
examples

56) Now write your own answer to the tas.
You can use a diferent photograph as your entry
if you prefer; choose one from the photographs
‘on page 104 or page 107.

1 Think of three points you could make in your
article about issues raised by the photograph.
Plan your paragraphs. What will you include in
your introduction? What will you say in your
conclusion?

2 Refer to your grammar checklist and to the
checklist in Exercise 3 to make sure you have
completed the task

> Wetting reference p 208

nes on the

at

Peon te
pace
pen Sey

‘around the world,

“adventures - these,

"ap Shows) the

UNIT O Review

1 Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to
form a word that fits in the same line. There is an example at the beginning 0).

Bag Manners

‘A few months ago, standing in a (0) seemingly. endless check-in queue SEEM
at an airpon (that perhaps should remain nameless), couldn't help but

‘overhear an angry businessman loudly complaining to ho (1) ATTEND
behind the desk about our delay. His tone was very aggressive and

e was using very (2) language that T thought was quite OFFEND

(8) — 10 te situation APPROPRIATE
‘The airline (4) did hat an eyelid, however, simply making a calm EMPLOY
apology as she continued with the (5) for checking in his bags, then PROCEED
‘handing him his (6) pass witha smile BOARD

As he walked of, till mutering obscenities, I moved forward 1

take my tun. 1 (7) = withthe woman, commenting on her SYMPATHY
(8) —— inthe face of such unnecessarily ill mannered PATIENT

0) ‘She winked at me and replied: ‘Don't wory, madam. That BEHAVE

gentleman is going to New York, bu his suitcase is going to Beijing.”

“The moral ofthe story? If you want to avoid the (10) oflost CONVENIENT
luggage, ever be rude 10 airport check-in sta!

12) Complete the second sentence so that it has 73) Add a preficto each of these words to

a similar meaning to the frst sentence, using the make it negative. Then complete the sentences

Word given. Do not change the word given. You Using the negative words.

must use between three and six words, including

the word given, necesa ;omenint orcial
entful behaviour. considerate

1 The aim ofthe competition i o inform readers pik a

about the region. PROVIDE
The competition alms

information about the region 1 thought it was 0 pack gloves for a beach

holiday.

2 The people in the photograph ook ke experienced 2 twas an fight so we arrived feeling calm.
es 3 think it's ——- to local people to take
Deere Eve pelo lea photographs of them without asking.
ne Ve mame pe 4 The timing ofthe fight was rather _ — for us

3 I get most annoyed when tours don't show ast meant we had to wat around al day.
respect for local customs, 15 5 Its à nice guidebook, but its size makes it
The thing —_—_ when tourist dont for walking holy
show respec or local customs 6 think twas... of Gemma not 0 cal o say

ARR EE am are y Sd be cing he doy neon ome

fy enjoyment ofthe tip was to the fact
ig id flere that Fa won it as à pr2e in a competion.
Te Bern nalen IM 8 Because of ther eaier ——, we decided not to

the number of touts inthe iy In year [eg abalone

ae TAS are CO orina mam pace, 15

UNIT
10 close to nature

Listening 1 we
1

eco-friendly pr da
a ee. y

the natural werd. choose
the answer (A Bor © which
fits best according to what
you hear
[iras One
Y The man thnks that awareness
of the natal word and
A not veyimponant
8 nothing todo win him
€ ineevant because 1100
ite 10 0 anything

Lextract Two. ee
2 The woman thinks ha Hee :
more of he natural wots raves 1
A cute moon
$ something se an he sa
wan vs
€ Something eveyone should . eee
= cc at
2 Whose attitude do you agree 7
wth? Why? =
= a your hosen ar Ds, do jou,
1 How aware are ou of > po
‘cruvonmenta ses and the
natural worl? Work with à ie sao
partner an do the eco one
Her quiz » Sn et pan
ct arb ta
A o so pol oe
pom retin one
Den
ers)
y rd oe ob oc
Feen? pres
©) Seneca ah votant edo
us Fr Terrine
anal 7,

Discuss these questions,

What general environmental ssue does euch

question re?

2 What do you think your own responsiblity à to
these sues?

3 How much can any indvidu do to bring about
change in these areas?

4 How important iit for people 1 engage withthe
natal were?

3 Think about other Issues that could show how
‘environmentally conscious you are and write
‘hee more questions for the quiz.

Grammar 1: countable/
uncountable nouns

1. Look at the alternatives in these sentences.
Which one is possible or likely? Which one is not,
or es likely? Why?

Y Scientists are ony just coming to an
understanding ofthe tue nature of space the

space

This encylopaeda is incredily heavy = whatever

is made of? An ron ron?

3 I need some advice an aduce about how o look
after my new golf.

There hasn't been much news / many news about

the latest volcanic eruptons in Asa, so they can't

have been Serious

| usual like o havea coffee coffee before | do

anything else in the morning

6. We had an amazing time / amazing time on à
wife Sata st year

They are doing excellent research an excelent

research into animal behavour at my oc! 200

8 lust can't bear it Ihres ar hair in my food
=’ makes me fell!

9 We cant decide what 10 do untl we find out
_altonal mformation an addon information
about the whole thing.

10 A ravel/ Travel one of my main freine

2 Work with a partner. Are these words

countable, uncountable or both? How does the
meaning change if they're both?

1 coffee 5 idea

2 hope 6 power

3 water 7 author

4 point

© Grammar reference p.194 (4)

3 Think of one word only which can be
used appropriate in al three sentences. In this,
‘exercise, all the words are nouns. Remember 10
Took for phrases which will help you, and think
about whether you need the singular or plural
form. You will need the same form in all thee
1 Remember to keep your. on the weather so
that you don't get caught inthe rain.
They bough the shares with an
2 quick profit
Although they knew about the planned par the
boys parents decided 1o turn a Bind —— and
lett go ahead.
2 1 dont know how dangerous the jungle is you
99 you'l have to tae your
The are thatthe 200 val e forced to
dose
Doing the course wil certainly improve your
— of geting a job.
3 She's in no ___ to undertake such a physically
demanding vio
He was alowed to leave the country on —
that he returned vt thee weeks
Anyone suffering fom a serous medial
shoul think ue before undertaking svenvous
Dhyscal exerce.
4 The am now back to full after à
numberof injuries to key players ast month.
ts always an advantage 10 be able to negotiate
froma postion of
Its eas to understand the —— of public
fino against te use of nuclear energy
‘what he means!
of what your

to making

5 have absolutely no —
Can you give me a general
sans ae?

He tll makes mistakes, but | think es got the
fight = row.

5 He has shown no —
cross the mountains

2 in taking part in the tek

believe that tis inthe public — that the
facts ofthe stuaton ae made known
‘Theres aisturing ack of in reging in

the area where ive.

TIP! Underline phrases that helped you
Identity the missing word and ade thor

your vocabulary es

m

ns

Reading: gapped text (Part 2)

1
A Look at this ist of endangered

2 How important do you think it i 10 save all the
‘endangered species in the world? Are some species
‘easier to save than others? Why?AWhy not?

2. You are going to read a newspaper article. Six

Species. How many of each are there
lett approximately? Match each
animal toa number

1 Giant panda 2) 48,500
2 Bengal tiger 0) 3,735.

3 Orangutan 01.600

à Asian elephant) 25,600 - 32,750
5 Black ino © 3,000 ~ 4.500

paragraphs have been removed from the article. Choose
from the paragraphs A-G the one which fis each gap
(16). There one extra paragraph which you do not
need to use

A safari to save the big cats

(Getting Namibia's farmors on board a large conservation project has
Been one ofthe challonges forthe AfiCat Foundation.

Clive leaned out ofthe Land Rovers door and rd
‘is antenna, rta in a semicircle. We Istened
hard, The receiver his. "Nothing? he said. "Jom
white noise” We made off again down the tek ora
couple of ilomeues, pst thick clamps of bush and
thom, to pase once more. And this time we clay
heard the signal a steady beep tht announced oor
qua ~ a radio celle chcah was sea.

pul E |

lo sa ws ou es anal
Cote op wih i owing nel rs He
‘ath fo dys o and vas o creping
ern
msn dame So we ef hin 1 ing
way ino the seemingly nie veld of ental
mita and end bck oor

2 —
Donna Hansen, one ofthe owners explained he big
cas pig in Namibia. Much ofthis ai country i
sen over to livestock and game farms. Cate ln
arica rege vas ac of land and i's generous
Farmer who shares his hin pastures with much game

3

Hanssen heel has a farming background, Her pres
moved her ia 1970 andstrugled 0 rn a viable cate
Farm. Wa it rocky hills ad escapments paling
age tcs of land threaded by seasonal sears and

rivers, their land is as rugediy sui as is si is
‘oor Their herds never tives. ora wile they even
Sneoumged commercial hang instead, AC and
‘Okonjina’s evolution a a luxury wilderness lode ln
the ur 1980s changed all a.
4 ]
Since July 1993, 68 coca and leopards have been
rescue, 6 percent of which were release ino he
wild Their goiding principle Is his: relocating and
releasing acht back it the wild is the ony rte
o conservation, Even it urine just few yeas, tht
may be Jong enough or cheetah o rar eubs and
secure another generation,

s| ]
“Tis ambitious project began in 2000 wit the support
ofthe Tusk Tras Here, ina 1000. are enclosure now
‘esocked with game, young cheetahs ar honing their
urine sills in preparation fo al release. They ae
fed just enough no to starve but are laps foros to
fend for themselves. Generally, three months seems
suit 0 Sharpe tee hunting instinct.

s]

‘Od habits ie hard, though. Once te hunks of donkey
‘meat had been given ou, eich animal camper off
‘wth is own ron to consume alone and fa, or in
the wild acavenges often help themselves to cha
ills before they've even had a chance 1 ck in.

A Even at the Best of times is not easy to Ml Diss thee mr

a | | Whose responbity ito se enargeed
tote pcs pity manie à on
Score eae 2 Shui money be pet on athe ins uch os
Soh. Wit Kan css o so late cane) wens) Why an vt?
Say que ars ste
Dom sion we cll ey cea eke A Match the vers 1-80 words ah to mate
mbt ic das? | common colocan: Look bak re ice
0 Levi ecko ed cocoon tote your mn
Fora wee nosed by te pa 1 tonone a) ae fr someting
siya ans any Mac Dose la Shane
Sia tks orgie or de o e vas
ony end ns a lesa your isin someto
Unknown o wars rip occ | Sos Sine
te ise pn Ae Ses
© Medion chos on tks at ged mie,

ftom grades to barely defined. Smal at

topped hills. or kopjs, stood like sente om

immense plains ith onasing horizons,

The ight was bilan. the space

| bewitching. Occasions he forward

tickers radioed irons or pes o our
guides, The process resembled an elaborate,
roma version of Wid-andsck,

1. One afemoon, we viste the vast Welfare
closets cheetahs are unsuitable for
‘elas. usualy because of injury or
Fabxtaton 1 man, and will forever ne
feeding. They now associate vehicles with
food and within minstes several bounded
cos the plain ova ws.

E That apparent simplicity is deceptive. Many
reseed animals are erpaned cubs,
ve had tacked ear exemplifies one
{olution = rehabilitation

F This formed prof the Okonjima guest
farm, ran y th AfCa! Foundation, which
aim o safeguard the well cing of

sib’ ge camivores, principal
| chcctahs and leopards. What began ara |
welfare mision as expanded ino edvation
and most important, conservation of
thes exquisito animals — exquisite that
unes you happen o be à far
Today, they te and work with farmers,
encouraging them not to shoot pests o
Son and oli to remove the animals
instead, Ali, you might ay, hes
merged from pagan Yet theese
| stb te pon ring te Foon

ng

Exam focus

Paper 4 Listening: multiple choice
(art 3)

[About the exam: Paper 4, Part 3 ls a 3-4 minute
interview of discussion involving two or three
speakers Its usually a media brosdeast in which
3 subject is discussed in depth. There are six
‘multiple-choice questions whieh follow the order
of the text, mostly focusing on the speakers”
attitudes and opinions. The questions deal with
‘the main ideas inthe text, but won't use the
same words, Remember, they are testing your
understanding of longer pieces of txt, not just
individual words or phrases.

Suggested procedure

1 You have a minute to read the questions
before the recording begins. Read them
quickly, underlining the main words in the
Question stem and options.

2 Each question focuses on one piece of text and
they come in order. Think about how the text
will be divided into six parts ~ how will you
know when to move on to the next question?

3 The fist time you listen, concentrate on the
{question stem. Can you het the answer to the
‘question without looking at the options? Is
‘there an option that matches the answer you
have heard?

4 Lsten again and check that the option you
have chosen i correct and the others are
wrong,

5 If youre not sure, guess. You've probably
Understood more than you think, and no
marks are deducted for wrong answers

(OEM You wi hear an interview with Jake Wiles

‘a naturalist who is also the presenter of a wildlife
programme called Insects from Hell For
Questions 1-6, choose the answer (A,B, Cor)
‘hie fits best according to what you hear
1 What attracts ake tothe typeof animals known as

antropas?

IA the scope that exists for future research

B the Fami radio of study in sara

the amount of data that has been colected

D the number of individuals found in each species

2 Wat does Jake suggest about Holywood fs
about insets?
A They have tiles that don't reflet ther content.
8 They tend t put people off his own
programmes.
© They lead people to take the rimas less
serous,
D: Trey do rot necessary feature the most
dangerous species.
3 Jake thinks he was chosen 0 present the TV eres
because
A he was ready we known as a presenter.
8 he was wiling tobe fümed in unpleasant places
€. he come across related and natural on screen.

D he had experience of explining tings to
hide,

A what does Je say about the content ofthe
programmes?
A He likes 0 te is own sip in advance
B He ists tat any information given is accurate
€ He accepts that itis prima intended as
entertainment

D He puts forward ideas or possioe locations and

5 Jake fel that the incident with a baby elephant
he describes shows
A how crucial it sto have expe guidance
E how al animals can behave unpredictably
€ how brave you need o be in his ine of werk,
1 how the best bis of action cannot be panned

6 tn terms of his future plans, Jake suggests that
À he hopes o travel even more extensively.
E heintends to continue with both of is jobs.
© he regrets having become a television
pessonaly
1 he woul ike to gain some broader work
experience.

02} What sort of person do you think Jake is?
Would you be able to work with things like
insects?

Ifyou could meet him, what questions would you
ask Jake about his work?

Sniffer dog earns more than Police Chief

Keela he polie dog is someting (0) 2 a
star. Her special tent is (2) ——_— able 10
locate iy pieces of evidence hat can ater be
confirmed by forensic tests. is an aby which |

das 2) — brine front of den |
ok acs Brin. Inked Kee Koma |
ringer san as become @) an
{sett South Yori Pie hat send 7
© caming mors perte à
regions Che Combe
“Thought be he (S)— ono ern
Kec is (6) led ne ati
poli dog and er sce) — hr see
20000 Dog mel. Ske is ten inet de mise!
40: cime Ives do te of od on ions, mates) —
PAY: fre accommodation and fot ‘thoroughly they have been cleaned; even on — {
‘std nas en ig washed sever tines im bg
CAREER: Jone Sou ren Pons pond
{rm on mon rain A eer
HOBBIES: hante at | edie foe at twee esk ola asf
clara | Serien) having pre
ra temperament fo is kindof work I stations
a | | Ghana tt
2 oun | Wr ecke 4
A Se |
arena | papa presi ae with er !
MODS rec limbing mountain vain | Her unique talents mean at Kec ismuch {|
(18) — demand y poli fen ses he
county und ses id out em at £30»
aps expenses. (19) — gure ten
Use of English: open cloze (Part 2) tines hat (15) an ray police dor
nigh ca, ing er ones a icone of
a tween 200.00 per yer
Y Lock at the information above bout pallce CT me

dog and a police chief and answer the questions.
1 Why do you think the poice dog earns more?

What special ski might the dog have? 31 Find words or phrases in the text which

Read the text opposite quickly to see fyouwere MT apngat
right. Ignore the gaps for the moment, something of great valve to someone
Sr Fi 2 10 have the naht character for something
2) Read the text and think of the word which 3 tolocate something exactly
best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. special sils whieh others don't have
There is an example atthe beginning (0). 5 very popular or sought after
aan

122

Grammar

introductory It
It as preparatory subject

Spoken sentences are often begun with a
‘preparatory it because this allows the speaker
10 place more emphasis on the most important
Part of what he or she wants to say. I also.
sounds very natural

Example:
The heavy tan made driving cific

nas the he an at made tng dica:
In emphases the hon am

a

1 What sit emphasising or referring to in each
pair of sentences? Underline the information

1 was John wih came out with me, not James,
D was Saturday (nt we went out not Sunday

2 a) Ws interesting how important pets are 10 many
people
Its amazing what some people wil do for their
pas

3 3) Is important to be amare of environmental
1) ts not unusual o find environmental issues on
the front page of newspapers nowadays,

2 Look at he pairs of sentences again. Which

pair is emphasising

an infinitive expression?

à clause beginning with a wih word?

3 what comes fist inthe sentence?

2 The following sentences are all grammatically
correct, but would sound more natural 1 they.
‘began with it. Change each one, keeping the
meaning as close as possible to the original. Then
practise saying the sentence to a partner.
Example:
That she should be told about it was essential
Teas essential that she should be tld about it
{us 10 catch sight of them inthe wild was a
prie
Tees à riego just to catch sight Of them in the
wl,
1 How easy is for natura habitats to dsappear is
Higntenng,
ee

2 That most people feel incre to he fate of
some specs of animals is unlikely
"

3 For us to have seen a condor inthe wild was
‘hing
"

When you return my book doesn't realy mater
res

5 That the conference wil ake place next mont
was confirmed yesterday.
Le.

Watch Out!
{All sentences in Engish need a subject When there
5 not an obvious one, use here in front of nouns
or oun phrases and iin Kort of adjctves and
oun clauses 10 provide a subject,

‘Which sentences ae corer?

2) ot today, dont you think?

E) shot today, don't you think?

© Theres a man inthe gardent

D NS à man inthe garden!

> Grammar reference p.196 (9.1)

It as preparatory object

It can be used before the object of a verb, and
in this case itis called a preparatory object.

It can follow the patterns below.

SubjecUverb/iVinfinitive or cause

ind i/har 10 believe how many endangered
Species there are

They/made/it/clear that they were fond of animals.

Late, lve, Ike/i/when they ing that song.

3 Itis missing in each of these sentences. Put

it in the correct place.

1 She thought was strange that he hadnt contacted
her

2 Hs headache made dificult for him 10 concentrate

3 She thought had been a mistake nor 10 sign the
contract immediately

4 ¡found exiting that twas asked to take par.

5 His behaviour made impossible for me to cominue
to work on his project,

{6 hate when he shouts ke that.

7 Loue when they have fireworks at a party

» Grammar reference p:196 (82)

It + reporting verb

‘tis common with reporting verbs or with
Set phrases when the writer wants to
appear to be objective.

Example:
It thought that water once existed on Mas

UA} Rewrite these sentences using the correct

form of the word in brackets

1 Many people believe that global warming is
caused by human ac (hin)

2 The evidence seems to show that world
temperature ae sing. (app)

3 Most people know that we should reyle
wherever possible. (common)

4 The evidence suggests that there are many
species on the verge of extinction. seem)

2152 Work with a partner. Some of these

sentences contain a mistake with it. Find the

mistakes and correct them.

1 I cannot bear it to se people being crue to
animas

2 She loves it when people gue her presents.

3 find interesting o hear you talk about your
experience inthe jungle

4 He made obvious to eveyone that he was not
going to get moles inthe projet.

5 leave tr you to choose it the fm we
wate

6 new it that they were unhappy about the
pln

7 They owe it 0 us to be honest about thet
feelings.

8 tas lames who gave me ait last week.

Other patterns with it
There are some set expressions with it.

16. Work with a partner. Complete these
sentences with your own ideas. Then expla
your sentences to your partner.

ely vial that. because

IS exciting when .. as.

RS rely worth . since

often sid that. bu think

rake that. a

Speaking: sounding interested
En

©" Listen to two people taking about 005 and

Answer quests

1 which ne sounds te most ote in what they ae
saying?

2 Which one does sound ve inerte?

3 on di you dr

À Wat eft dos the attude fhe peta ave on
einen

2 Which ofthe folowing statements are ue?

"emote à panein a comerton

2 i aways ec agree wth them

+ 2902 1a snm Trink open

El goo tt oe quesos ge

À moe te aver sg mare han oor no
vo

+ orton Is Important ge 2 ood impresión

+ uso uk be

422 Which ofthe following phrases are engaging?
Which are off-putting? Ty saying them to a partner
and see what they think,

13% Discuss the following question with a partner

(Do you think that 2005 havea place in modern society?

1 Begin the conversation by expresso your vw in à
bored way,

2 Tren change to be mote interested,

3 na change to sound interested, engaged and
involved

UA) Discuss these questions. Try to sound

interested, and to engage your partner in the

conversation

1 Does it real mater if some animals become extinct?

2 How can ordinay people help endangered animals?

3 owe have aresponsbity 10 future generations?
What?

4 What can we learn from studying animals?

na

Vocabulary: phrasal verbs and
compound nouns

Phrasal verbs with up and down
1

* Look at these short texts containing phrasal verbs
‘with up or down. Complete each gap using the
correct form of a verb from the boxes

keep make catch

Y went on a tour ofthe wilde ark bu couldn't
Up withthe group = in fact, got so far
behind that was at woried 1 might get ost! Wed
to up wih them, but whenever I thought |
had up enough ground they moved away
before actualy reacned ther. Fay, the guide saw
‘me, and stopped.

am cu ramon

Man: The planet sin danger! We al have to
domo on carbon emissions and recycle
morel! We have to doi now!
‘down, James — don't panic so much!

Fm sue ts aot as serious as you think „and

anya what can we realy do about i?

Man: IS no wonder the planet in trouble if
‘everyone takes that attitude! Theres plenty
ve can do- experts have A down toa
{eur key things = tke reino. Tats why
(et so depressed thinking abou! i = we can
al make a dference!

freshen tidy do

3 Souy mont be joining you tonight, Caro —1
have fiends coming at the weekend, o Ive got
10 = up the at to get ready for them —
Te lef things al ove the flor! The whole
pace needs — up. though realy I should
= itup completely redecorate
Stenphere. Never mind = have o do foe
‘ow and they probably won't mind too much!

ven speed

4
‘Woman: Pete - this is a temble connection
cant realy hear you. Could you _ —
up ab
Man: Can you hear me now? Im ring to el
You that fm going tobe late my train
I stuck ouside Birmingham and uniess
A up a bit, won't make it
before rine
Dont worry = the party wi only just be
"Up by then! Well save some
{oad fox you = ust get her as soon as
you an.

speak

Woman

de close site wack

5 Following flere protesis from animal rights
campaigners, the lca 200 has been — —
‘own while allegations of rely tothe animal
are investigated. Poice have managed to —.
‘own video evidence which wil be presented ata
cour hearing next week. They have appealed for
protesters down, and keep away tom
he cour at me, to alow the strong leings.
‘ready feed by the demonstrations to
‘own,

‘Now match each text to the general
meaning of up or down common to all
‘the phrasal verbs in that text
A indicate a dierenc in size or intensity
B indicates that something ls being improved or
prepared
© indicate thoroughness or completeness, and
usualy of ending or change
1 someone is moving close to

E indicate an increase in quantity or intensity

2. Complete the following sentences with the

correct missing particle: up or down.

1 Old glass often meted or recycling

2 15100 hot to go out now let wait unt ater

wen it might have coded a Bt

3 Before he could sel his od car he had to touch
the scratches to improve its appearance

4 lames sidied 10 Jane and whispered to het.

5 The building had been burning steady for an hour

when sudden the lames flared art
Stared o colapse

6 Don't creep — on me lice that! You made me
jum!

7 The 2008 debts were mounting 50 the

‘owes began looking for oficial sponsors.
8 The orginal aici was to graphic in its detal so
the editor watered it before publication

‘Compound nouns formed from verbs
3 Which two of these sentences are possible?
1 The rain downpoute in the afternoon,
2 The ran poured down in the afternoon,
3 There was a downpour ln the afternoon,
4 There was a pourdown in the afternoon,

44 Complete the following sentences with a
compound noun made from the word in capitals,
and a particle from the box.

up down où back away

relationship between the two groups had

fred a complete. BREAK

2 She suffered a bad stomach after eating
some contaminated food. ser

3 Mice geting —— on my homework its
Useful even i not always good! FEED

44 Ive got far too much sul in my flat = 1 need to
havea complete. CLEAR

5 ¡can'tbe bothered to cook tonight let
"Taxe

get a

6 The project suffered a severe — when the
main sponsor pulled out. SET
7 There was a great — for te rock concert,

including the countrys number one singer. LINE

8. The companys finances suffered a real
after the charman resigned. TURN

9 The school leave waited ankousy to her the
= of fist ob interview. COME

10 Some people can change ther attitude and
develop a whole ew on fe, LOOK

ws
42 Look at he following Part 1 task.

ing: report (Part 1)

‘Your school is planning to run a special event
called World Awareness Day. The principal has
asked you to weite a report on the best way to
approach this and what to include, based on
‘Questionnaires completed by students.

Read the extracts from the questionnaires, and
the suggested timetable for the day Write a
report for the principal outlining the situation
‘and making recommendations for what should
be included and when, giving reasons

Wite your report int80-220 words.

125

#2, Now look at the three plans that were Ml
written by students to answer the task. ae an
‘Which plan do you think s best? Why? 1 Ried the Bt part of Amaia arts Beton

Which plan does it follow?
How has the writer dealt with the input?
include everthing in the order given

‘sed he same words

‘rcuped Input ideas into logical groups

Plan À

ie rea il ate atin mue by un fer à Vie
Re be sel ei ads mie fe
CAI te hella br de dp
Sey re
Sayers wre cea from guitares coped y
BD er cnt of sha: Meal cre Ken to pert De dy
1 Rendon for citing sigh me fl Aha Ll be alae ad ered à
1 Sur revolts ei wit ch wa fetal math Eine ware
3 Recmmandatins for the day a renden Fe the in, nde hal cad
À Cention ew an effet gum Te formar ead à moin
re Arch Pin a bee o I pple cud info,
Az. cra up Mein Ve schol vue Reng te mel per

1 Work with a partner. Discuss how to deal withthe
recommendations, and how they should be

E ae
Be ern e es a an À
e or dont? ow macy comers yo soul mal,
O A
= rn
2 nl information. + when lectures would be most acceptable and effective
e ee
Secchi ee
5 — include all the words from the input OU LE DRE Fais de sat ca ao yo
A nn
mere
7 est Sonn tk pt ita Es wipes Ge ec
+ ae leaks aa Moral IB) Look at the task on page 192. Write your own
Es

~ use appropriate inking words
11 —— use al the informatio from the input e wtingreterence'ppi199)207

UXITS 6 — 10 Progress tes

Use of English: multiple-choice cloze (Part 1)
4 For questions 1-12, ead the text below and decide which answer
(A.B, Cor D) best fits each gap. There isan example atthe beginning (0)
Happy tobe average
Aka inner pany Iwas at recently, convention was (D). À fever pth. A group

of very boring parents were (1) al just how exceptional thet children were
“Lie Rose was walking almost befor she was bom, sa one, "at tin Lite

Bobby was using conditional tenes a teen month and was even 2) Dis
‘mother said another.

“Then came the (3) fa woman who had, unl then chosen 1 (4)

silent, What (5) —— washer child bringing ito the wor? The table hushed ssh

spoke," We Theo's entirely average, she si "Ba love hi,
How brave she was to vale the average, thereby elevating it to the enrondinary. The
ironic thing, (Gas that the tes ofthe diner guests then stare to compete
‘over agin saying tht actually her child was (7) mor average han hers
because, et ic. made me (8) a being confident enough say you re
Only average (9) —— that you're actually anything bat.
‘Te worl i ul of supriivs, We nave Become (10) to everything being
ew, brian, blos, ie latest or he best ever. So much 0 that We 10 (11) ——
talking ike the advertsrs who are always telling us that things are gamorous fi =
tale elitering and wonderful. m sor tht Fm not (12) ——— in feeling very ted
oral.

0 A reaching B rasing Cgeting making
1 A applauding Bprsng Chong compiimenting
2 A aterng B comecing Camending revising
3 A attempt Bo tun Diy
4 A remain 8 repose Crest D resist
5 AO 8 donations presents contributions
6 A thereiowe 8 eventhough € nonetheless D of couse
7 Miley considerably € eventually consiructively
8 A perceive Bimgne Craie suppose
9 A means B tels Cas D points

10 A acknowledged B accepted € acustomed D acquointed

MA fallback Bcomedoun € getround D end up

12 Aindvidual Buniqe € single D lonely

vr

18

UNITS 6-10. popes tt

Use of English: open cloze (Part 2)

2, For questions 13-27, read the text below and think of the word which best fis
‘each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There i an example atthe beginning (0)

Save the ehinos

‘The Save the Rhino Trust (SRT sacate (0) it the northwest of Namibia, far away fom the
county's farming hearland, a cause sa black tino subspecies commonly known (13) te
“desert adapted" hno, a hefty bas that rs up hillsides to escape (14) Mort of the est,
is oy ever hind (15) -— fourth ay ad et pla (16) — spi poisonous 1 man
"These fellows are noting if (17) — survios.

By the ely 1980s, poachers had nearly wiped them (18) Some hunters even shot ther from
telicoptrs — (19) much for notions of sportsmanship (20) — her lowest pont, here
‘were perhaps 55 individuals et bt a recent census estimated abou 130. That might seem a
Spectaolartomaround (21) it nods tobe viewed against an ovr fll in Africa’ lack rhino
population of around 90 pe en (22) 1960.

In search ofthese clusive animals, hd come tthe Palma concession former fam (23)
the and had originally been tamed by (24) rio all he sino, Now, er isa magnificent rea
of wikleress (2) —— aide for considere tourism, game drives and the SRT base, Ths year's
pricy wet any season meant the hno were hard to ind. There was (26) à Jot of water
‘sound that (27) of keeping close to peensal pings, the ine were wandering far and wide,
enjoying a spell of ich and ple. We wer force 1 do the ame.

Use of English: word formation (Part 3)

2) For questions 28-37, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at
the end of some ofthe lines to form a word that fs in the gap in the same line
‘here san example at the beginning ©)

‘Working ata theme pack

‘Working as à Personal (0) Assistant. (PA) at «seme park canbe assıst
at fun. an offer a varied oe and endl teamwork
atmosphere (28) 10 Suay Baines who as worked a one Accord
‘ofthe larges in England fe ile yeas. Suzy l now PA 10
‘he theme parks Head of 29) As she as, ne job, MARKET

no two days ar the same
ean imagine working anywhere ee real ss much

fun, Apart fom PA duties, organise (30) and the conser
(G1) ——— our sa make a them, 2 ake te mites in PRESENT
meetings The taf her are a (32) bunch and oT get CREATE
involved inthe planning of new strains Bt my man job

it at a (83) produce a weekly nes sheet for ‘COMMUNICATE
sao keep them pote wit all he est (39) —— Deveror

We ave around 50 permanent staf and a fre 1300 work

here on 2 (9) bass dig the summer mens ‘season

‘The people here are al ike family and everybody 36) -— Genuine

«arcs about everybody ese. But yore avi (37) FRUSTRATE

ay and things are geting onto of you, hrs wo beter cae
‘han leaving everything ad going for a ide on a olerosst

Use of English: gapped sentences
(arta)

4. For questions 38-42, think of one word only
‘which can be used appropriately in all three
sentences, Here is an example (0),
Example
© Hoi aver approachable woman and people nd
her am to alo.
My granothe thinks that ae avery mY. te
compares 1 het experience of beng a teerage
15 am. tose why so mary people suppor the local
‘eam wh have done so wal nce soso.
3B Tom and Angle were dsappoit nat 1 cee 3
rer as veda preset
The colege swing up a o les gang
‘the ue ofthe compute ais In he May
Ea has teen coecing Str Wars iuris for 12
yes and needs ne more ae fig o complete the
39 AS sles continued to deine, Patick had 0 —
but to se dun the buses.
[tthe pe shopping cen, customers wi fod a wide
1! good on a
though Say Green would hove been aus —

(or the other members of ne inem po
ret des,

40 50 dd os any conchsions one you'd
Compete you reee o the sie?
People dont need oles how 9 ee

asst designs can be created on 3 compute
To dei who had won fs pie, the organes of

the competion died i the names out of à
na

41 Toms sony about he dog vas ater bring and aed
to. the groups attention.

‘We tte the caro Poy as te oot wat
lage enough to our gg.
Clarice went onto a number of response

‘aston in the compary Before he retrement in
265

42 y does fe very —__ since ost weicht.

A had tay fr the up of coles wth £20 ote
Because int have any change

The ite ge had had a tot for some weeks,
and on y sei i fay came out.

6-10 ross et

Use of English: key word
transformations (Part 5)

5. For questions 43-50, complete the second
sentence So that it has a similar meaning to the
fies sentence, using the word given. Do not
change the word given. You must we between
‘the and se words including the word given.
Here is an example (0).
Example
© The to fends were sting anti ow looking ata
come en. FRONT
The two fends wersiting by Hamon on of
cargue seee,

43, think it wouldve been nice to have had an oder

see WISH
a er site

{44 The cor ely needs carino, TIME
sigh — canes

45. was us about 10 sen ou an eral wth lhe
Formater. POINT
was yuan emai witha the
informaron.

46. Raymond is obsessed with bung focal memeraia
one nent, BECOME.
Bay fotal menor 0 the internet

ot Rayon,

47 “ning che changed my He sad Maly WHICH
Maly sid that ie

48 Lot of people ink that goal warming has been
eggertes by te meda. WIDELY
Gba arm" enggeraed
he media

49 Te sun ass svong that waking os the sand
Gunes became exausing, STRENGTH.
ns made woking acos he
‘and eines so erasing,

50 rk you shou tu et here, a the od man
ed shes for rector. ADVISED

Tre ol man we’ asked for decis
‘leh tun there,

129

TT

Always on my mind

Grammar 1: modal verbs 2
oo

1 Read through the text below. Which person is describing:
a) the cart memory?

E) an impossible incident?

© an event at couk have had serious results?

©) a family celebration?

EARLIEST MEMORIES

mM
| ementer sting on my and pora Do Bi was
in because ty as mex bo te cas and nd ew
ne cone lt dt how qui hw td eme cra
woe oe of my cs era ad lo ot he cares Awa,
wheat my moter ise sai cau have rome it
nue say my send a ha Tm ae Ic.

etn
us 0 ody at tw sexi. went own tt ee of he eno
ay, en when lc ack xi se my my, Sol
andere lng the bach in hr wae and waked
{er 00 mob 1a somente aig scr rar
‘Then an od coupe oud me an ok me back ther ae
end gave me suming te Then ety Doy cle e
‘ble — which hey ug a don in thee pce,
“rs ad my pare came o ole me. They must
have tee re wore FU been ot four has

tan
On ct my ist memories, tom when was bot our sio
ARO ce across a moi ty. Hones. tee my
‘ens ee and can even remember Dino at wee at e
time. po can he hpen Pople ay mg have
bron ean, bt mc remember.

oy

My etre gama once td me tha sh ou ute

cary remember bing or! She desc e Haute experince

0 uen bang sun by Bg Kt and a wes ae

mes unig the volume it pon Be lin Sea

ere hal ero sh ft eam an sted an na tat

(is may have been she use gave Pro her moter to hal
ra

2 Underline ten examples of modal
verbs in the past form in the txt
[Match them to the following uses

Posi

Logical deduction
Obigationnecessty

‘Advice (weak obligation): =
Permission:

Abily

> Grammar reference p.196 (10)

02 Complete the sentences using à
past modal verb from Exercise 1
Sometimes two answers are posible.

1 think my cats memory is when my
lite brother was bor, and cried
because I wanted à tie sister = but Im
not sure actualy remember

1" rememberea hearing
‘ny parents tl the story.

2 was playing with someone in the
garden = 1 been my
Ester, because she’ five years younger

3 My father says when he was litle he
ad to ask he leave the table
alter mea’, and he wasn't alowed to
Unless he'd finished al his food

4 1 got no trouble wath my grandfather
‘once because he gave me some money
and lost he sid | been

5 remember | jumped into a swimming
pool once whan Iwas just si and |

sim, but fortunately ws just
the shallow end so was OK

6 My mother says that when was tiny
she wert shopping with me in my
pushchale and eft me outside à shop
and ain't remember until she got
home = she" run all the wey
back!

Vocabulary 1

Expressions with take

m
1 Complete the short dialogues by matching
Sach semence to a vesponse below
1 a along tie before he oud
Sed understand what pope wee tang in
2 The dass took the new teacher the moment
the walled mo the saco
3 Vos cattle anyone ehe on te budget
Ist wort sane

4 Sear er rn

Sane con
peop, spec Ven a te aN

6 fin me os ely ise
er der
rm

7 The show was amazing — it really 658ke my

A ven ern eres
a aie!
‘Sich your tet
4 you eat Sou what he si en
ARM Pr don ei

10 M me os to hr

A ka atte tenes
pu du

2 Thats ue, US jut ceo ng wats
Mead ot ea tos mocha ce,

wy alse barb ctl mt crea
Pr

co tecno
An ke

<a phage yt roping te
a a a

een
‘edge Sey

Ge AN
iinet

0 Mani y otto mak ng mare
ee

Sous et fw you fl rte
ger

Pra nn MA
‘ee

D You're right ~ I"l speak to her about it in the
au

À Mon pari whit for Sie
eee eon

Expressions with mind and brain(s)

=
1 Complete the sentences using the correct form of
‘expressions from the box.

She never sticks to what she says she always

changing her mind.

1 wish he would decide what he wants to do he can

ve got an essay o vite on psychology, and you

know alot about it~ an for some

‘ideas?

3 You seem to have a lot of problems ~ why don't you
come 10 the cinema t top you thinking too much =
itwill your dificalties fora while

4 That's à crazy ting to suggest = think you must be

7 10 think 1 would work!

5 | downloaded that tune lst week and now can't
‘top singing it e

6 You've taught of exact the sae ide as id ou
must have

7 Mu er dou ie salon, ten you
have to tel someone - don't be afaid to

‘ond tel them how you feel,

8 Ifyou go and speak to à docto then he can reassure
you about your concerns = he can ———

9 He had no idea what to do, and spent a long time

ing 1 think of a solution.

2 Now tell partner what you think the
expressions in the box mean,

BI Tella partner about a time:
+ something took your breath away
‘something took alt out of you

+ you changed your mind

‘you racked your brains about something
+ you spoke your mind

+ you read someone mind,

UNIT 11 A on my mn

Exam focus
Paper 1 Reading: multiple choice (Part 3)

[About the exam: In Paper 1, Par 3, you read a
long text and then answer Seven fouroption
‘multiple-choice questions which test your
detalles understanding of the main ideas in the
text, as well as the attitude and opinion of the
writer. The questions follow the order of the text
and may focus on the meaning of whole
paragraphs, on points of detal or the use of
particular expressions

Suggested procedure

1 Read the task rubric, heading and any sub-
headings to see the type of text you are going
to read and something about the topic

2 Skim the text quickly to get a general idea of
what i is about and how it is organised. Think
about the main topic of each paragraph

3 Look at each question stem, but not at the
‘options for the moment. Mark the part of the
text where you expect to find the answer to
each of the questions.

4 Now read the text carefully, When you reach a
part you have marked, look atthe question
Stem and the options and decide which of
them is correct.

{AF You are going to read a magazine article
about memory. For questions 1-7, choose the
‘answer (A, B, Cor D) which you think fits best
according to the text.
4 What does the writer imply about the singer Tri
Aes?
A She isnot alone in suffering from unexpected
lapses of memory.
B She could ge no explanation for her sudden
loss of memory.
€ She's more than usualy prone to short-term
memory los.
1 She may have forgotten her Ines as the result of
an lees

2 The writer mentions two of her friends in the
content of short-term memory loss order to
A show how diferent people react tit
B ilustate how prevalent it curently.
demonstrate how embarrassing it cn be
D undetine how it affects people in ferent
ways.

3 Inthe third paragraph, the writer suggests that
A there ate ways of improving someone memory.
B people wil need the memories less in the
Aue,
€ technology has increased our potential memory
load

D Our brain are good at prritising what to
remember

4 The writer quotes Dr Lary Jacoby to help explain
wy in social situations
IA people often fal to remember the detal of
long anecdotes.
B people tend not 0 pay cose attention to what.
others are saying
(© people don't realise when others are not really
Fstening to them,
D people may forget who itis they have told a
Particular story to before.
5 theft paragraph, the iter
À acknowledges the truth behind à popular beit
B admits that she makes ite fort 1 cal
Certain deals
© accepts that her short-term memory is bound to
eteiorate
1 agrees with the suggestion that memory loss
may be avoidable.
66 The phrase ‘to this en (ine 78) efers to
A preventing shorter memory loss.
B understanding ourselves better
remembering things in detal
D improving social sks

7 What does the writer suggest about the event

Called Stop the Cock?

A Much oft was about memory rather than the
perception of time.

B Ir didnot realy address important issues 10 do
win memory

Part of it was of particular relevance to her
Professional.

D was hard to gve the discussions har full

EZ} Do you have a good memory? What things
do you find easy or difficult to remember? Why?

Where is my mind?

1 a recent concert In Los Angeles, the singer Tor
mos was mióvay through her hit song Winer
io, sents. inexplicably. sho forgot the Iris.
Rather than warbling on about fre burning and flowers
competing forthe sun as her eage ans were expecting.
‘he stopped inher tracks and started singing about bow
tied she was fig, Amos, It seems, had become the
Ines victim o the short term memory Jos epidemic
Tes a particularly modern affition, We are fast
‘coming the amnesia generation, plunge by the over
increasing pace of our lives Into fog of retold
amedtes, lost information and missed
Appointmants I was driving” through
London ina tiens car recently when the
havens siden opened. “Oh des my
friend screamed, helplessly cranking
various buttons and levers 1 cant
remember how the windsereon wipers
Work: Another frend managed to
2 cruise through town or a full forty
five minutes before realising that all
‘hose people were no, in fact, waving
and pointing at hor new halreut, but at
‘he Bresse that she had let balanced
2 on the root of her car
‘all the evidence is that our memories
rene what thy used to be. Indeed, in à rant
report, the think tank Domos prodits that we could
become a society of memory haves and have-nots, with
only those who can afd to pay for costly brain
enhancement treatments geting the best opportunities
in if, rom exam passes othe boardroom. But are our
memories getting ons, or $i jut that we don't care
enough 10 remember? We are Bombe wi so much
+5 more information than previous generations. In days
fone by, sou might have known only thirty people in your
entre lifetime. Now, you probably talk 1 thirty new
plein asile da. That's ot more o remember: And
technology hasn't helped We no longer dal numbers, we
‘9 Just pres a Koy We don't ned to remember birthdays or
anniversaries or the timos of important meetings when
e avo software to Boep at us, And our rains have
opte accordingly

1 Match the following verbs to a word or phrase
to form a common expression used in the text

tostop

toslo
10 dal

10 press
toral

to build up
vola

But some experts think theve Is another reason why
we forget the detal of socal conversation. Often, we
dont remember things because we're not listening
Instead were tun into our inner dialogue, the ono
thar going ‘Does this shit lock OKT or, even more
disracing, “What an 1 golng to say nest” Another
Hazard of social memory sss unvwitingly retelling the
same anecdote to tho same audience an diferen
ccasions Thro ls, apparently, a reason for this. Two
Process are a work when we tell an anecdote says Dr
Larry Jacoby atthe University of St Louis. "The
first isthe shoor familiarity of the tale, bu
‘up over many telling. This makes 100
‘key to sm Into our conscousness.
‘The sacond isthe real of whether you
have toi this group this story before
As Tong as that works, you will not
‘ore them with it agaln. But recall
depends on wel-unetioning frontal
lobes.

used o be widely thought shat
short term memory wersened via
while longterm memory got sharper
‘This would certainly explain why L can
remember the songs my mother played
‘when Iwas growing up, but cannot recall the
‘are of our new nolghbour Al, the memory
experts aren't prepared ole us ff so easily Memory is
a muscle, Use itor os advios expert Robert Ale, for

‘samp, and ho woul oem t aves pol
‘Of course, memory is not Just about remembering
amos or where wo put th Kos. I I about who we are
Te we cant even remember the details of what we sald
and to whom, then how can se possibly hope to make
sense of our les? To this end, London's Southbask
‘Centre recent staged Stop he Clk, a ment ang event
devoted othe perception of time During the event, the
Dunch thinker and memory guru Douve Dranlsma led a
discusion looking al why we remember certain things
‘and not others. nd the impact of memory on writers. It
‘eas very thought provoking apparently and bad fully
Intended to ga. But when Ht came 0 Ht, T was so

reoceupld with ater things that it slipped my mind.

familiarity with something à number
someone off easly in her vacks my mind
into our consciousness akey anecdotes

2 Which of the expressions means: a) to forget
PI to get to know something?

LUNI 2 nas on ny me

Use of English 1: multiple-choice
cloze (Part 1)
=

Discuss these questions.

How easy do you find i to concentrate:

wen you're doing homework?

‘when you've got something on your ming?

Talk about things that:
help you to concentrate
prevent you from concentrating.

Read the text quickly to compare your ideas
‘with those of the writer Ignore the gaps for
the moment

AI Read the text again and decide whieh
‘answer (A, B, Cor O) best fis each gap. There is
an example at the beginning (0).

1
1
+ when you're watching afm?
2

How long can you concentrate for?

How to concentrate

Concentration is good in exams, bad in orange juice. Concentration happens when you (0) -A-
10 focus on one thing to the (1) — of al others, and concentrating on that one thing (2) ——
you to stop worrying about Jot of other things. Sometimes, of course, your mind concentrates when
you don't want it 0. Maybe you can't get something out of your head, such as a problem you have to
@ —— up to, or an embarrassing situation you've been in. That's why collecting things as a
hobby is popular; it (4) your mind off other things. Indeed, some people seem 10 prefer
looking after and cataloguing their collections to actually doing anything with them, because this
‘when the (8) ——, single-minded concentration happens,

“The natural span for concentration is 5 minutes, That's why half an hour for
a television programme seems 100 short (6) — an hour seems too long,
But many people's lives are (7) of concentration. Modern culture is
served up in small, (8) digestible chunks hat require only a short
= span although young people can concentrate on computer
games for days at à (10) —

‘Sticking out the tongue can aid concentration. This is because you
‘can’t (11) yourself with talking at the same time and
other people won't (12) —_ 10 interrupt your thoughts,
because you look like an idiot!

Cory Garon News 8 Mesa Lu 2006

© Armanage B achieve € succeed D accomplish
1A emo exclusion € omission D rejection

2 A lets means, € makes D slows

3 A fe B contont © tackle D meet

A brings B pus € holds D takes

5 Aamsing 8 ripping € absorbing D entrraling
SA others 8 whist whereby D thus

7A absent ovoid € lacking D cefient

8 A genty Paint € suey D cash

9 Aatenion Bapplkaton € consideraton D contemplation
10 A length B Stoke € time D sequence

m Asdesep Boa € sera D és

12 Ark B chance Came D baw

Grammar 2: emphasis with
inversion

1 Tick the sentence which is more emphatic in
each of the following pairs. Mark the words
that have been inverted with arrows.

Example:
2) had only just sat down o eat when the phone

rang

1) Hardy had sat down to eat when the phone

rang. 7

2) Seldom have | come across such a strange stony.

b) have seldom come across such a strange story.

2 a) You must not leave your bag unattended at ary

E) At no time must you leave your bag unattended

2) ido ease how hott as until L went into

the garder.

1) Not unt went into the garden cid | ease how

hot it was.

4 2) You mustn't go back into the building after
midnight no matter what happens.

) Under no cicurnstanices must you go back into

‘the building after midnight.

2 Not only did hate the book, bu hated the fm

of the book toot

) hated the book and t hated the film of the

book too!

2 Complete the ute.

When words and phrase ike not only, under no

dreumstances, =", "and

begin à sentence the and subject are inverted,

Watch Out! no soonerhardly

(Choose the correct alternative in each sentence

Then complete the rules below.

2) No sooner had helft the 100m than / when
they started talking about im

19) Hard had he left the room than / when they
Started taking about im

Y Use when you start a sentence with no
2 Use when you start a sentence with
hardy,

> Grammar reference, p.195 (62)

AI Rewrite these sentences using the adverbial

In brackets at the beginning and make all the

other changes necessary to give greater emphasis

to each one

3 had just sat down to rad the newspaper when
the telephone ang, (Hardly)

2 Less than a second afer she stood upto speak the
fre alarm went of. (No sooner)

3 He forgets peoples names and as finds it hard to
remember place names. (Not on)

4 You should never et anyone into your howe unless
you have seen ther ID. (Under no crcumstances)

5 She never doubted that he was teling the truth
(tio time)

6 started t write the letter and then realised that |
had ost thei acres. (Only after)

(M Rewrite these sentences using standard

‘word order to make them less emphatic

1 Rarely do you find a household without a
computer these days.

2 Hardy had she stated to have a shower when the
postman knocked at the doo!

3 Only after | had lt forthe apor id remember
(hat my passport was stl in my desk in the study

4 Not only dd he rst her, he never doubted her
loyalty to him.

5 At no time in recent history have we seen such
rapid progres in medial science

WH Complete the second sentence so that it has
a similar meaning to the fst sentence, using the
‘word given, Do not change the word given. You
must use between three and six words, including
he word given.
1 Jane raised what she'd forgotten 10 do as soon as
she arved, SOONER
a
forgotten to do
2 The use of mobile phones is absolutely forbidden
inside the laboratory. MUST
Under used inside the
laboratory
3 lts not often that you ind someone with such à
good memory. COME
Seldom —
‘00d memory.
4 asthe fist time that red mental activities
to help me concentre. BEFORE
Never mental acres to help
me concentrate

she teased what she'd

someone with such a

Speaking 1: individual long turn
(Part 2)

* Work with a partner. Read the following exam
task: How many paris are there tothe task?

K at ie pictures. They show people concentrating
in diferent stuations. bee you to compare two of
the purs, and say why its important or te people
to concentrate in these tuations and how a

2 Take turns 10 choose two pictures, and then do
the task. Remember to talk about the second part
‘of the task (highlighted), and practse timing
Yourselves so that you feel how long à minute
actual i

2} Which situation do you think isthe most
“feu to concentrate in?

Vocabulary 2

Phrasal verbs with think
M Choose the best preposition to complete
‘the phrasal verbs in each ofthese sentences
1 His suggestion does make sense ~ atleast its
2 cet tik of / about anything better to do #
Ir proposal needs to be carefully thovg

& immediately nes

things ove op.

The whe day wae à se

whoever planned didnt tink ras out?

rough Cartaly enough

6 The student was standing outside the
om tg 1 or pagues

Expressions with think

2! Read the text below, and replace the
highlighted phrases with the correct form of an
expression from the box. You may need to make
other changes to the sentence.

think the word of think outside the box
think positively think on jour feet
hink better of (something) think straight

Sane as ling ic 1 conse
Hes ta eons
oe O ad
© ¿A
Tid vas in Ie

10 forget hat his bestfriend, who (2) Was
vas

at that ery moment struggling 9 pass his
entry test fof university. James had
already advised Ne

Mew tt ls cer cren
though he Ha o fe
prep o ir MT
thane at Neil wall

an interview as well as,gisvritem test, ad
that cou repre lin oath

aera
aig ene

À: impfestion, but then he had always ber

32 Tella partner about atime you needed to
+ think outside the box
+ think on your feet

Use of English 2: gapped
sentences (Part 4)

‘Think of one word which can be used
appropriately in all three sentences

1 During the concert Tor sufered an unexpected
of memory for à few minutes.
The ones do not accept any esponsbiliy for
or damage fo vehicles park in ths car
par
When Jason setup his own business he expected
o make a forthe fst few months
2-Chioe realised that it was pointes arguing with
her boss any further because they were clearly not
‘of the same on the issue
The good thing about having such a cose tien is.
that can almost ead hs, and never nave
10 ask him what he thinks
The fact that he offended Tania had been on
Tenrys —— forsome time.

3 Looking at Ban assignment, you get a eal
ofthe pride he takes in his work,

There no. in washing the ca before the
Jurey, only need doing again once we get
Fortunately, Lous had the —__ to check the
brakes before ne rode of on the bike he'd
borrowed

4 Fiona had a fre afternoon, so was able to give the
problem her ful
The new research has been the subject of
considerable media recent,
| think we should ring the problem tothe
ol the local counel

5 Sarah had to admit that ‘mind gy was à
she'd never come across before.
The local poltican is hoping to be e-lected or a
second of office
think tat in the short we should
concentrate on keeping the sevice running.

stening: sentence completion
(Part 2)

AY Discuss these questions.

1 What makes people laugh?

2 How do you feel after having a good laugh about
something?

3 I teaser 1 laugh with other people? Wey?

4 Is laughter aways a sign of happiness?

2) Look at the task in Exercise 3

Before you listen, think about:

+ the type of words that ae missing in each gap

+ the {ype of information you are tering for in each

2 Can you predict what some of the missing words
might be?

QD BL vou wt near a radio presenter cal Tom
em invoducino à programme on the sj of
laughter yoga ands founder Dr Keto Compete
mens

Laughter Yoga

laughter affects an audience.
Dr Kati fist got te idea of laughter therapy

oma)
Dr Katar stopped using jokes im his sessions as some
people found them — ©)

Dr Katara found that laughter is good for us even
when (5) isnot the stimulus.
Dr Kotria claims that medical conditions suchas
and 6)
‘may be prevented by laughter
‘Tom mentions an eventealled @) at
which De Katara often appears.
‘Tom played à game involving pretend 0)
atthe laughter yoga session he attended.

A

1 Were your predictions tor questions 1,5
and 6 correct?

Would you enjoy a laughter therapy session?
Wat sort of people do you think go to
them?

Writing: article (Part 2)

Al in Paper 2, Part 2, you may have to write
an article. Even though they may be on
different topics, good articles share some
common characteristics.

1 Work with a partner Think about any
magazine articles you have read recently
and suggest possible characteristics of a
‘900d article.

2 Now read the following article which
comes from a general Interest magazine,
and see if any of your points are included,

1 vats that makes ou feet happy? it
what apoens to you, or i how yo feo
Abos 17 An hve you er corres he
Guest any?

2 Accorsig o psyholgis, not ever
(90080 ac) hat determine ur fing of
vin, but how we think and ecto

i hey have a constant sense of having just
mise cu on someting = converse io
wh appear 1 have ls ca fence
nappy a ortunse because they salu wht
trap ae RS he ol the las a empty or
half fu queso, and your anu 5 GAL

3 Match a purpose below to each paragraph.
There is one purpose you do not need to use,

9) Pronde background information

by introduce the main idea

9 Give examples and furtner deals

1) Engage the reader in the topic

+) Summarse discussion and draw condusions

4 Choose the best ttle for the article.
2) Good and bad feelings

D) Coming to terms with envy

9 Go for god, but be happy with ess

IA Here are some suggestions that might
make any article interesting. How many of
these are included in the article you have just
read?
1 attenton-grabbing tite
2 itrquing and thought-rovoking opening
paragraph

3 But how do we gett be las had
‘peopl? One suggestion is nt to compare
yours with others, especialy hose who
Seer o have more. Another ol saying = e
as ay greener on the other side of
the fence’ ~ is very e, bu ofcourse at
ren rss may be alan sion, We dont
realy know whether he other person is happy
at al we jst imagino they ae, and 9 fel
bad in comparison. Bt developing à poste
lok on ie very importar. People ho
‘ook onthe bright sie ae postes in
renting = the eve imagine dors ci,
ny opening. Is an erie tat of mind,
and à pity they don set i he local
Supermarket they the or one woud
bay bucks oft But hats ot gong 0
happen, 0 perhaps the answer when ue

eo scond na ac, or see our nto
comering his house a à way hat we ould
never alor, is o! to ey Du to pre,

4 nat we should do oe happy ratio
lock a what ight have been but a wh tit
‘could be. And then just 90 frit But the deal
is tha we have to accept whatever

‘tee ose

NIT 11 Aso my i

3 thetoial questions addressed direct tothe reader

4 speaking dect o the reader, using "you"

5 using grammatical structures to give emphasis

6 giving interesting o surprising facts or information

7 using à range of interesting vocabulary, often
colourful

8 backing up ideas with specific details and concrete
examples

9 incuding direct speech

10 having an interesting and ‘punchy’ final paragraph
or conclusion

(HBL The writer has used alot of interesting and
ried vocabulary including expressions

1 What do you think the following sayings or
expressions in the article mean?

2) Is the las hal empty or haf fl?

1b) The gs is always gener on the other side of
the fence,

«They never imagine dors dosing, only opening

2 Find words or expressions inthe article that
mean the same as:

1 on the other hand (para 2)

2 vital, very important (ara 2)

3 something we thik rue buts not para 3)

4 3 good attitude towards be (para 3)

5

6

7

people who are optimistic (para 3)
an anitude that we woul all ike to have (para 3)
take à chance and do your best (pare 4)

IBM Look at the two tasks on page 189. Choose
he article you want to write and work with
‘another student who has chosen the same task

MSI Plan your article with your partner, and then

write it

1 Decide how you ae gong to organise your aride.
How many paragraphs? What wil be the general
purpose and topic of each one?

2 Look at the points included in Exrcse 2. Which
ones wil you include in your arce? They may not
all be appropriate.

3 Wie your eri,

4 Exchange your arce with your partner Make notes
Of ways in whch they could improve tht arte,
and discuss them together

5 Read the model answer on page 208. Check that
you are folowing the Dos and Don's’ suggested

6 Weite your final rie, using your own grammar
Checks to make sue that ti accurate.

Writing reference p208

Speaking 2

E Work with a partner and discuss the
following questions

Whi can't you ticle yourself?
Fist, tickle your partners hand by wigling your
Fingers softy in the centre of her palm. Check #
they ind it ck, Now make eacıy the same
‘movements on your oun palm. What is the
ercer
Can you aways identify what colour something is?
Ask your partner to hold ou sideways at arms
length two pices of diferent colored card, while
you focus on her nose. Make sure you don't see
the pieces of card beforehand. What colour are
they?

Student A ook at page 189 or the answer to
question 1
Student B look at page 190 forthe answer to
question 2.

‘Then explain the reasons to each other.

HR) Work with a partner. Look at the cubes and
describe what you see. Do you see the cubes
protruding out of the page or intruding into the
page? Do you see the same thing? Does what
You see stay the same, or does it change?

N

E NY

an

Y Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of
some of the Ines to form a word that fits in the same line. There
isan example at the beginning (0).

A workout for he brain

‘The brain workout a (0) Masse. end which require neither a yoga
‚mat no a pair of trainers (1) have shown that new nerve
cells appear inthe brain throughout life, and so mental exercise
can be (2) in ensuring that the brain functions efficiently

“As a result, both clinical esearch (3) —— and private
‘companies are exploring what are known as “brain enhancement
techniques which seek to () the enormous capabilities
‘ofthe human brain. What's more the exercise analogy has.
proved a popular one with software (9). offering such things
as ‘neurobies' and a number of “mind gym courses now

being offered (6)

Apparently, people have different brainwave pattems for different
activities. For example, the beta brainwave helps us 10 make
decisions, whilst the theta brainwave helps us 1 relax and remember

'bings. Sometimes one brainwave can become (7) —— for example
people with high stress leves can get stuck in a high bea state.

‘The mind gym sessions help such people o regain (8) between
these brainwaves.

‘Training focuses on techniques such as speed reading, memory (9) —
and improved powers of concentration. Small sensors placed onthe
clients head allow brainwaves 10 be viewed on a computer seen,
Spontspeople and business executives, high (10) „individuals
‘wo cannot allow their minds to wander fora second, have been
amongst he main client s fr.

er

SEARCH

BENET

ESTABLISH f

/

MAXIMUM (=

ns EN

commence } \
}

bora

=

au

2 Look back at your answers and find 2 Replace the highlighted phrases with a
+ aveto made om a noun phrasal ver or expression with think
© an adecive made rom a vero 1 just so know what to dorm so confsed |
3 wor 0 wich ou added both a prefianda cant

sat 2 Te wot pe II ne m gun a
3 Look at these answers which students wrote. ser

Why would they not get the mark In the BEN OT

tram? What advice would you give these 3 My aa fast ses su fun, ond MU

Students?

research

obits.
4 ts very Gien a good excuse quick for
something you've done wrong.

3 enoblshment 5 Employes ke ii you can approach problems na
E inmobity

|

The Futuro House

Designed in 1968 by Finish architect Mat
Shuronen, the Futuro house was a clase fying
saucer shape — an eso shel constructed in
Frog and reinforced plat, wil elipresuped

windows, door handles, Mbt tings and even lips
Shaped power sockets. in theory I design was
“has où pure mathemati ur lc ths ses
ah dubious ~ the project superisor members
Suuronen having à much more ue approach

19 There were no dete drawing fo the prvonpe,
And he would “op by the plant” and make
Suggestion such a take away a here, ad à Di

15 could be helcoptered into rough tera, but
manufacturer Poykem oped that mass production
Worldwide would follow, and tha the bu shel
ould be adapte or both domestic and commercial
{Be All looked to De goin well wl the 1973 oll

20 iss more shan pled production costs this
‘we might a now fave oe

Reading 1: multiple choice (Part 1)

12 Do you lke modern things, or are you
interested in things from the past?

1 Work with a partner. Look atthe picture
above and dicuss these questions

1 When do you think ths object was designed?

2 Wat do you think ts used for?

3 Does it make you think ofthe past, the present or

future?

4 What type of people would you associate with this
object?

2 Read the fist text to see if your ideas were
Fight. Bid anything surprise you?

FAL You are going to read three texts which ate
all connected in some way withthe idea of time.
Choose the answer (A, 8, Cor D) which you think
fits best according to the text

ASH, there are thought to be at Ten 30
surviving otros nea one in Japan, one in he
USA and four ln Pin. ut mean the Fu

2 has been reinvented as an at Kon, and ound ts
vray back Into the lamorous world of parties and

spectacle when the prototype was wed to house a
Beudinegatbing instalation art project What i
nega about the tro hy Jar on we

2» ssc sect as rat eng weigh tote
Somewhat questionable theory hut was actual
An example of postmaderni ere tne

1 tn the first paragraph, the ter suggests that
‘when developing the Futuro, Mat Suuronen
IA was keen to keep the design a secret.

1 hada rather poor grasp of mathematics,
€ was umaiing 1 trust his projet manage.
es in ye than

12 What does the writer find strange about attitudes

towards the Futuro today?

A People sl ink that it looks lice a futuristic
object

1 People fal to se that the design was ahead of

© People es it as a work of art rather than
something practica.

D People in various pats ofthe word are keen to

REVIEW OF A DOCUMENTARY PROGRAMME

Watercolours of a history
waiting to happen

Years ago David Mandel gan record his sister
‘oars He pítd the images, ten enbelhed han
voces o add oo dea of what be ad
seo’ On 1 September 198 he desmadre
destruction wo towers. Dosis ets in
Mando painting, was otined he head ofthe Save
<A ery. Around the tower te painting dead
ito of oko. Fie years tro the doy sortir
remarabyakinto Monde ghat premonion
vo actual happened. This we tow, tucked ito a
‘omer fis ang, easy toms, thee was he
shout ofan ira.

‘To salen question begin wh he obvious: are
Mande rooms spoof coneidenc? Ise seer

15 able wo ghimpse rire events in is dreams ris he
meo! so ol fle? Mi or eos included
fremonons o tte dsastes and momentous vents |
Paraps mst remarkable was is pcre othe gas
Stack an he underground in Tokyo. Bose the mage,

3% Mendel ote named the Japanese caia ste
‘enue one cuvage.

‘The programme scrupulous sought to estab
haha or nt Mandl ws receing apocalyptic
‘wamings Each key panting had been photographe ty

35 stats al bank in ont ofa calendar clock leary
plying the ae by which the pining had ben
‘mae Evry ping predated the incident fore
The shts were examined by a frnses expert who
ered hem genuine Mandel passed a ender:

>» fst then alowed himself e Iypreisd, Ore expert
‘thought he was miroring th laws al probably br he
evidence suggest, given the relatively smal number of
teams recorde and is high tt” thet Mandel
‘was miro te laws o iprobabliy

..

3 What do we learn about David Mandel’ paintings

ftom the review?

A They have yet to undergo scientific analysis.

8 They are har to understand without his weten

They may have been painted alter the evens
they depict,

They seem to predict the location as wall as the
"ype of event

4 In the hd paragraph, iti suggested that

A the programme had made exaggerate claims
about the dreams,

E the expert had been unable to give an adequate
‘explanation for te dreams.

there was insufficient evidence to make any sort
of assessment of the dreams.

D the programme makers had uncovered the
answer 10 Ihe mystery of the dreams

Golsoncott

Wen Iwas hanging around the
nearby lanes as an adolescent,
waiting for ie o begin, | saw
Golsoncor 25a place where

5 nothing ever happened. I thought
fit fondly, but reckoned that i

was elsewhere that things went on and that in due
course one would go forth o elsewhere,

And so T did, but in due course

19 also Golsoncott became a retreat, a haven when.
rather 100 much was happening, the sable element
in an unreiale world. You could know that it
‘would always be the same, year by year Absence of
‘event was now the treasured aspect.

15 During the 70 years of the family’s occupation of
the house no-one was born there, though three
people die: my grandfather in 1941, my
grandmother 34 years later, and finally my aunt
Rachel, Events of a significant Kind. To a 15-year

2» old, things happening means afew ups and downs
in daly fe, and Golsoncor was indeed fairy
immune to that. One calm rural day id land
ino the next, with only the weather serving up any
potent kind of change. And even that interference

2 With prescribed routine was sternly gested: Family
thos was that you ignored weather and simply did
‘what you had intended to do. You went for a walk
in the min; that was what raincoats were fr.

[u see

5 tn the fst paragraph, the writer explaining
A wy she fl trapped at Golsoncot:
E wy she decided to leave Gosoncott
€ how her attitude to Golsorcor changed.
D ow she came to reget kaving Goloncot.

6. Which phrase from the second paragraph
reínorcs the ¡dea introduced bythe phrase with
‘il that that imped in ine 87
A uns and downs n daily fe (ine 20)

8 fatiy immune to that fine 21)
€ sd band into the rex ine 22)
D sternyressed (ine 25)

4: Do you think that what happens to a person
in the past can influence ther future?

Which ofthe three texts made you think about
the relationship between the past and the future
most? Why?

UNITS Amt

Vocabulary: idiomatic
language/collocations
m

1 Look back at he three texts on pages 142 and
143. Find words or phrases that mean the
ft to st (text 1)
2 when something is made in large quantities
(text D
3 something that represents an important ia in
an (est 1)
adding importance or value to an argument or
¡dea den 1)
5 seeing something bret (ext 2)
6 doing something thoroughy to high standards
(cox 2)
7 à 1eco1d ofthe number of instances of something
(ton 2)
8 moving around sony without any purpose
‘dong very ite (text 3)
9 eventualy (text 3)
10 good mes and bad times (text 3)
11a philosophy for ing (text 3)
2 Now complete the sentences using the correct
{orm of one of the expressions.
1 The idea that anyone can predict the future
accurately is very suspect = in fac, think it

2 The evidence — the argument that
there was a town on the site in times gone by

3 Cars nowadays ae wien has
reduced manufacturing costs and made them more
affordable than they were inthe past.

A His dreams seemed to give him a brief

into the future

5 seem to spend a lt of my time just —

‘wating for other people = ts very frustrating!

6 leis ful of highs an lows = that’s
‘what makes it chalengng
2

1 Look at the following extract from text 1
hat does the highlighted phrase mean?

it was actully an example of post-modernism

2 Complete the sentences with a collocation
with time from the box

innotime waste of time at the tine
pressed fr time fr the time being
running out of time time after time
intime kil ine

Y a suing Hs schol use
its a complete

2 1 decided to go on halday o India last year. It
seemed Ike 9008 idea but it
realise that | ha chosen the huricene season!

3 im studying har, so Fue tle my fends that

“Tm not going out at weekends

4 Sue so quick ~shelearsed bow to use the new
software — a

5 fm soeny can't stop now - Im realy

ri each you later.
6 Peter has been delayed, so Im going to get à
cole to — untl he gets ere.

7 The train was held up by signaling problems, but
Wy Laie st —— To catch the
plane

8. We must reach a decision by 8 0clock and its 7.45,
now we're rapidly

9 ve tld you" not to do tha, but you
Just keep doing

EB} Work with a partner. Take turns to describe
a situation to illustrate one of the phrases from
Exercise 2. Your partner should say which phrase
you are illustrating.

Example:
AC had to wait fr he bus for ages, 50 Bought a
‘magazine 1 read.

8: You were king time.

Grammar 1: passives 1
a

1 Read the ile of the article on page 145. What
‘do you think the article will be about? Skim it
‘Quickly to check your ideas. Have you ever
heard ofa job like this?

2 Read the article again. Rewrite the numbered
sentences using the passive form.

Example:

(0) in which oder people rom der ethnie
backgrounde ae encourage o share and record
ther memories

THE MEMORY BANKER

“Meena Khata loves her job, because she

‘cam travel the world and immerse herself

in diferent cultures But she does this

without ever Jeavng her offie in London,
Teis here that she runs a project

{D which encourages older people fom

‘diverse this backgraunds to shars and
record thir memories in order to bring

alive a past that) people might eihensise
lose: Age Exchange sa unique
organisation that use storytelling, drama,
art and dance to build bridges between
sencrations. (3) Someone set up Age
Exchange in 1983 as a reminiscence
‘theatre company; but demand grew and in
1987 (4) they opens the Reminisonce
Centre. Meena i one of only eight flktime
workers with the project, and (S) the

"Meena plans t record people aged 50
‘and overtaking about their elldhood,
family, homes and memories oftheir
‘county of origin. Among questions (6) she
Avi ask them are why they came to
Britain, and what hei st impression»

3 The numbered sentences in the article
would be better in the passive form,
for one of three reasons. Match each
reason to the sentences

3) The agent i unknown or obvious

1) The focus of the sentence ison the event
and ot the agent. i

9 The agents people or things in genial.

Passive infinitives

If the subject Is not the agent, we can use a passive

Example:
The stock is to be checked every Fay so that levels can
be maintained
The report was thought to have bean faked tothe press
bya secretary,

RI Complete the second sentence so that it has a.
similar meaning to the frst sentence, using the word
given and a passive infinitive, Do not change the word
given. Use between three and six words, including the
‘word given.

1 The orginal plan wast fish the project bythe autumn,
In the original plan, the project — bythe
auunn

2 1 won't have any repetition of his bad behaviour at any
time, REPEATED
Lot want this at any tie

3 She wants everyone to reale that she i an intelectual
seen

she wants an intelectual

4 Everyone believes that they have moved away from the
tea, HAVE

‘hey are from the area.
5 People say that he has recovered from the accident quite
quick. SAID
He from the accident quite quick

6. No-one can do anything about the situation. NOTHING
There ‘about the situation

> Grammar reference 196 (12)

BP Discuss these questions.

1 Read the las sentence of the article agan, Do you agree
vith he vate about the danger in the ast paragraph, or
de you fea that itis not important?

2 Which s more important to have recorded: peoples stores
and memes or facts and dates of important events?

3 What personal things would you Ike to be saved from your
eat years? Why?

4 Have you ever seen anything displayed in a museum that
was used by someone in your family? ye, how di it make
you fe? not, how would make you fet if you dd?

5 What aspect ofthe town where you lve would you like to
be preserved fr the future? Why?

1 Workin groups of
three
Student A read he book
synopsis on page 189.
Student 8 exo the book
synopsis on page 190
Student € reas the book
synopsis on page 192.

92

2 Tellone another about
what you have read.
‘What idea do they all
share?

3 Would you like to
read any of the
books? Which one and
‘why? If not, why not?

Do you believe that time
travel is possible or iit
just fiction? Why 20 y

2) Read the text in
Exam focus Exercise 1
Does the writer believe
that time travel might
exit? How are his ideas
Similar or different to.
yours? Which of the
three books you
discussed in Exercise 1 is

mentioned?

Exam focus
Paper 3 Use of English: word formation (Part 3)

[About the exam: In Paper 3, Part 3, you read a short text from which ten
words have been removed. The gapped words are listed o the right of
‘You need to change the words, usually adding prefixes and suffixes, to
math the sense of the text,

Suggested procedure

1 Read the text quickly to get a general idea of what its about and
how it organised. Don’t answer any of the questions until you've
read the whole text

2 Look at each gap in turn and think about the sentence. What type
of word it mising; an adjective, noun, verb, ete? it à noun, 5 the
word singular or plural? I is an adjective, I it positive or negative?
Wiis a verb, whieh tense wi it bein?

3 When you have answered all the questions, read the text carefully
again. Does it make complete sense with all the words you have

“For questions 1-10, ead the text below. Use the word given at the
‘end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same
Tine. There s an example at the beginning (0)

Example: [TER]
“The enigma of ie
ls posible o travel backwards ad forwards though time?

For decaes the work top (0) PAYS have been ing 10 PHYSICS
answer is question. But 5 ar, nobody has come up wi any

(1) proof tal though time i actully imposible, — CONVINCE
although al sorts f (2) — tte idea have been raised. OCT

For example, ores tha tne rave might ead o hat hey
call temporal puradoxes’. the gong back in a time machine and

©. meeting your own mothe before she gave bit you. ACCIDENT
Ik sounds like the pot of a classic science tion im, doen’ i

Ants à sign of just how (2) he concept of time waves APPEAL
serios scientists ait was ft 0a(9) — tocome up with te NOVEL

den in the first place. Tat honour pes 1 HG. Wel in his 1895
‘lie The Time Machine. Was Wells dabbling na ld that be

‘ida’ understand? Was it al usa bit tray (6) — 7 SPECULATE
Maybe oo: Einstein's theory of (7) does not disallow the RELATIVE
(8) oftime rave. And moder senti looking for what's EXIST
called the Theory of Everything at (8) true outhe WILL
¡den completly. So who knows, the ies of wave tough time.

say ot be as (10) a many people think RIDICULE

RR Discuss these questions.

1 you could travel ack in time, which period of history would you lke 10
teal 10? Why?

2 Would you preter o travel 1 the future? y? nor?

Grammar 2: the future in the
past

1 We can use the past continuous to talk
about plans in the past that were in the
future at the moment of speaking or
writing, e.g, We were meeting at 6 o'clock
but Joe called and changed it to 6.30.

2 We can use was going to when we talk
about plans in the past that we still haven't
fulfilled, e. wos going to post the letter,
but forgot.

3 We can use was thinking of + ing for future
plans that ae not definite, e.g. [was
thinking of tidying the house ths weekend.

A Match these sentences to one of the uses

above, In which one isthe plan not fulfilled?

2) | posted Sally’ pace for her. wasnt problem
25 was going tothe post office that afternoon
any.

1 es Raving my har cut that afternoon, but |
‘canceled the appointment when | heard the

©) vis thinking of phoring you anyway this
aterno00,

> Grammar reference p:198 (16.4)

122 Complete these mini-dialogues using the
Correct form of the verb in brackets
1 À: Look = the cinema is closed net week for
resubir
8: On, thats annoying -1 —
‘ew blockbuster sometime soon.
2 A: Halo, Peter = what coincidence that you've
Phones ight now!
Bay?
À: Wel hd just picked up the phone and
© eh yt
3 This morming | wes tld hat one
(come) tonight, but! cat see her

(600) the

8: Wel, we invited ber but she phoned this
afternoon and sad she (work late
‘dad to cancel

4 ACH, Sue I lie o tak to you about the new
projets his à convenient time?
B: Actual | Gust go) or lunch,
Why don't you come = we can talk over à
sandwich,

same {go on an organised tour of
Rome lat mont, but we both got u and had to
pul out atthe as minute,
B: What a shame!

131 There are other ways of expressng the future
seen from the past. choose the best form of the verb
in each ofthese sentences,

1 Our broadband connection wasn't working, and we
hoped thatthe technician would’ take / won't take /
(ht take long to reach us!

2 When the train broke down between stations, we had
no idea that we should be / would be wi be stuck
there for fe hours!

3 Tre project manager hoped thatthe project wi have
been / would have been / had been up and running by
January, but it was

4 Ashe walked towards her she realized that he is about
o was about o/ has been about to speak to het.

5 On the itinerary, we were fo are were about 10
are would arrive atthe sation a nine, But the train
twas late and we mised our connection,

Al There is a mistake in each highlighted word or
‘expression in the text. Correct the mistakes.

Digging up (and burying) London's past f

Archaclogs Duncan Hawkins drew the maps off
Roman London tee yeas ago ater discovering an |
‘cient Roman palce four metres below see evel

‘atthe ima he cle tthe most exc discovery to

be made ondo for yeas even ough he au |
po ais amanıy inte f
feo becuse fermes mother document. 3
Te actual sc was made becouse a bude

a Sparen! lock nthe ae and
fad to undertake recogen sung ist ara
recondon Ths suey exposed the se Once ty
Pad sed to 8g archaeogets Krew vas el
that they complete resaca sions
Beca the bg work) 3
ahead at that ime Mat about re se now is
Bored blow the lok of fats! How does Hain
fel abot ths? Hs poston ar. Arcraroogy has. \
alle to preserve the pas. and dem |
igi mo «ina es. |

‘without the opportunity to do the di, he (a) Would
frmaton ofthe ste among,

contemporary documents. He ahways intended to

bury the palace careful, so that other archaeologists

® find it wen further bul

place, however far into the future that (6)

JE Tera partner about a time when you

+ were hoping to do something but couldn't

+ would have done something if you could

+ were about 10 do something which fl through.

Listening: multiple matching
(Part 4)

A Discuss these questions.
Do you often pay computer games?

2 why do people enjoy playing the games?

3 Which ae the most popular genres? Why?

IR! Make a lst of the good and bad features of
computer games you have played. Think about:

+ the setting + intoraciviy
> de pt + graphes, ee

(D) Mai You wit hear five people talking about a computer game they played recent.
Remember that you must complete Both tasks a ou listen. You wil ear the recording twice.

Task ONE

For questions 1-5, choose from the ist AH what
each person says ls the Dest feature of thet game.

A its fast moving

B i ey for beginners Speaker 1 TD
€ has wellknown characters. Speaker 2 TZ]
D thas good puzzles. Speaker 313]
E I designed by experts. Speaker 4 Ta]
F thas ess grapes. Speaker 5 LIE]

GR has an unusual setting
ith à strong plot.

Speaking: two-way conversation
Part 3)

FEN in Part 3 of the Speaking test you have to
complete a task with your partner

‘Think about the best way to do this. Which one.

of the following pieces of advice is not correct?

‘What is wrong with it?

+ Ty to make a decision about the task immediately,

+ doesn't matter if you dont tk about every
picture, a ong as you use good language.

+ Talk about each picture in tum, before reaching a

+ Don't worry about the timing the interlocutor wi
sop you at the end ofthe time.

X In this part ofthe test, you should interact,
with your Partner and show evidence of turn
taking. With a partner, think of some ways you
can ask each others opinion, or take turns to
speak, e.9, Do you agree with me? I that what
you think?

Task TWO

For questions 6-10, choose from the ist A-H each
persons main erticsm of the game.

A lts too similar tot predecessos

B The graphics are isappoiming, Speaker 1 CTE)
© The audi is poor quality Speaker 2 IM
1 There are technical problems. Speaker 3 LIE)
E It becomes 100 complex. Speaker 4 CIS)
F invoves further payment. Speaker 5 CD

6G The characters don't speak.
H 1 gets boring ater a while,

3) Look at the following task. Do the task with
your partner, trying to follow the advice in
Exercise 1 and using as many diferent ways of
taking turns with your partner as you can.

Here are some things that have had a great impact
on the way we lve today.

Talk to each other about what fe would have
‘been lie if hese things had never been discovered
or invented, Then decide which one has had the
least impact on if today

22 Look at the photos, Discuss these questions
1 Which thing do you think wil continue to have the
greaest impact inthe future?

2 Which thing do you wish had not been dscoveres

3 What think of that was

5! Share your ideas on the questions in
Exercise 4 withthe rest ofthe cass. Were their
answers similar to yours? Make a note of any
Useful ideas that you did't think of

Use of English: open cloze
(Part 2)

AL Discuss these questions.
1 Why do people general Ike scence
ficion books an films? Do you enjoy
them? Think of some wellknown
ovals, Hs, TV programmes, et
2 What do you think science-fiction can
fe today?

hat do you know about the TV series
Do you think programmes lke ths are

2) Read the text to see what the
‘writer thinks about the scientific
predictions in Star Trek and compare
Your ideas. Ignore the gaps for the
moment, Does anything surprise you?

1 Read the text again and think of
‘the word which est fits each gap. Use
‘only one word in each gap. There san
‘example atthe beginning (0)

IA) Can you think of any other

science-fiction programmes, books or

films whieh have:

+ successfully predicted future evens?
spite

+ remained cominéng future
(developments technology?

‘Star Trek: the future as predicted in the past

Even (0) thauah. the fantasy television series Star Trek
has been around for over 40 years, it may sil have
some cles to offer about our own future. Many
Scientists ar avid fans, and ever (1) —— the show
started inthe 1960s, thas been praised (2) —— a
source of inspiration and visionary idea. (3) — to
one ofthe programme's scientific advisers, we've
‘aught (4) == wih and gone beyond many ofthe
‘things featured (5) the original series. So how
‘uch of the programme has become science fact,

(6) —— how much is sill science fiction?

(things as wicorders, communicators and
Interactive computers ae (8) — = longer fantasy.
Magnetic resonance imaging, mobile phones and the
Internet appeared in eal life long (9) — the
5rd century, (10) —— is when the show had
predicted that such technology (11) — be
available, Even dermal regenerators, used inthe
‘etonal 24h century 0 heal wounds instantly,
ntcipated today's uso of lasers o hel issue and
repair eye damage,

‘The transporter is probably the most memorable
feature of Star Trek, but could it become (12) -—
realty? Physicists (13) —— the idea of teleportation
seriously and there have been various attempts 10
“transport objets from (14) — place to another
Sadly, however (15) — Scientific American
magazine isto be belived, “the teleportation of large
‘objects or humans remains a fantasy

EEE

Writing: essay (Part 2) RL Think about the purpose of an essay an
Arte and a report, Complete the table using
JB Inthe exam you may have to write an essay words and phrases from Ihe box.
in wich you present an argument. You should an
+ sea semiomal syle ses eae
besado vos sg ao
5 mate sr at gant your agument cry EE ma tenu pas
el ie presen à der argument in Anke paragraphs
© remember thatthe purpose to expan your point PEN la 2
fie or persuade he reader o agree wth You
You can organise an essay in different ways. You ete based on facts
oy persia rs on (eS
sion
2) present both sides ofthe argument ne by one Sie
and then say which one you gue with Ey frown

cosy arte report

©) present arguments for and against specific points
ard then sy which one you agree with:

© present only one side ofthe argument, backing up
our idees with detal:

HEN Look atthe folowing task. Decide:
+ whether you agree or dsagree with the statement
2 how you want to organise our say
+ what dt you want to due
A nn
‘You have had à clas discusion on the value of
studying the past, and whether Is Important
o help us prepare for the future. Now your
teacher ha asked you to write an essay giving
your opinion on the following statement:
There tl point in presen butin and
sta rom the past we shoud ook 1 the
future net lve inthe past.

‘ite your essay in 220-260 words

1 The essay below was written in answer to the
task. Read it and answer these questions

1 What organisation has the writer used?

2 Is the sje semktormal or informal?

3 Whats the purpose of the rhetorical question at
the end ofthe introduction?

Some people sy Hat it is «waste of time
opresor history, md thatthe past is

(pre od sol be Forgotten But is Mis

ved true?

On the ove hard, Ha is à strong argot
For lcoking fornarás, vot baknards Life is
for ing end for ting vis, ad e cm
rever fully appreciate nat living conditions
ere Ike 500 yours agp, So nba is the
point in preserving ld buildings, and Loring
cut them? Money cou be batter spent on
other things

(onthe other hard, although i is true that
ne can't change the past, itis there me
ce from So ¡$ me con understand it, nd
Von people lind Yan me ca alo understand
more about ourselves, Avd surely we have a
vresgonsibiity o future generations, o
Hat they too om understand their
gras?

14 sauna to wa that knowing there ne
ame From gives us à sense of identity ad
understanding of ourselves. For His reason,
1 fuel Hat Mare isa ot of pont m
preserving lá bilings ard stories From
the past, ond Hat the statement is aver,
Obviously me shoul not lve in the past, bot
we should remember it

2 Complete the following outline of the essay in
note form.

Introduction: statement f spe.
Second para
CUS

king words or phrases in the
essay, Which one introduces

+ the fist dea?

+ acontastng idea?

an opinion?

4 What isthe effect of using these words?

+ sue (ara 3)

+ 100 (xe 3)

+ obvious (para 4)

$5 Look a the essay again. Underine:

+ a phrase which introduce à general statement
Father ton the witers opinion

+ à thetoral question

+ the sentence in the conclusion that inks back to
the nroducten.

51 The essay is too short (200 words). Work
with à partner and think of one extra detal that
you could add to each of the middle paragraph
‘Then add your points to the essay. Make sure
that you link them in using appropriate linking
words,

16! Now look at the following task . Write your
‘own answer, using one ofthe approaches.
suggested. Remember to plan your ideas and to
link your paragraphs and ideas within paragraphs.

You have had a class discusion on why itis
important to preserve the past, Now your
teacher has asked you to write an essay giving
your opinions on the following statement:

le should spend more money on preserving our
past = 100 important to ose

write your essay in 220-260 words.

> Writing reference p.210

AM Think of one word only which can be used:

‘appropriately i all three sentences,

1 The date for the opening ofthe new museum has
been —— for next September.

A research project has been he task of
investigating whether time travel already exis
Beverley had cut at dawn, determined to
find the archaeological ste before lunchtime.

2 On his tip across Ihe USA, Bett dit make it to
San Francisco because ho fan out of
With the benefit of hindsight we can see that the
invention was years ahead of 5
Its nat that Phoebe was wrong, she just dd
choose a good —— to bring up the subject.

3 Contibutions to the international charity appeal
Have ——— one milion dollars.
ric... oes, picked up te photograph and
realised he was looking at nmel 5 a small boy,

In the 19705, Britain only had three TV channels and

Popular programmes often an audience of
‘over 20 milion,
4 Theres no in doing further research into

time travel a ts leary never going to be possible.
{On entering the old castle, you get areal —— of
history and how fe must have Been inthe past.
Penny was so absorbed in the sc novel that she
had lost of time pasing,

5 The college pricipal said that he to bring
the catering faces up to date.
We decided to ask the lecturer exactly what he
—— when he used the word ‘teleportation
Of all the awards thatthe actress won during her
career, the Oscar the most 10 her

BI Choose the correct alternative in each of

‘hese sentences,

1 Tom sad he had / would have every intention of
finishing his research projet before the end of term.

2 When it was st elvis, nobody coud predict /
could have predicted how successful Star Tek was
going tobe.

3 Many ofthe predictions which David mod / could
make have come tue

4 As à schoolboy, Jeremy wonted 10 / wos wanting to
become profesional football.

5 Some people dream about famous events long
before they happen / would happen,

CR ornare 1

31 Complete the second sentence so that it
has a similar meaning to the first sentence,
using the word given. Do not change the word
given, You must use between three and sx
Words, including the word given. Here is an
example (0),
© Tre architect wanted nobody to know about his
ew idea, KEEP
‘The architect wanted to ep hie ne idea. a
secret.
1 Our visitors experienced a two-hour delay on the
motorway. MELD
Our visitors were
on the motorway
2 Someone ought to have let the police know
about the inciden at once. REPORTED
The incident should the
pole at once

wo hous

3 Say orginal intended to rave! by ar rather
than by ran. WAS
SAYS by air rather
than by tran

4 we want tobi in the auction, we must do it
5002. our
Time =
the aucion

5 At east tiny Futuro houses may stil be in
senc. THOUGHT
‘At Teast tity Futuro houses —
cist

6 Sally init know it, but her attitude would soon
change. ABOUT
Sally did't know it, but there

‘change in her attitude

7 Johns har realy needs cutting, TIME
its haran.

8 Tommyÿs lane should have landed a 15.00, but
‘theres no sign Of yet SCHEDULED
Tomy plane at 15.00, but
heres no sign oft ye.

if we want to bid in

Reading: multiple
matching (Part 4)

ER Discuss these questions

1 Do you Ike reading about
Cees? Why? Wat 50
fascnating about them?

2 Do you think ther is too much
‘writen about celebro in ne
media generally rowadays?

2: Read the article on page
155 quickly to see if your ideas
are the same as the writers
and find

+ the names of two publishers
+ the names of thee ghost
ne names of two celebrities

3) Which section talks about
1 the attitude of new celebrities?

2 the result ofan unexpected
3 how a ghost witer works?
34 how a doa was struck?

5

what a celebrity autobiography

A way with words

AL You are going to read an article about ghost writers, the
people who actually write many celebrity autobiographies. For
(Questions 1-15, choose from the sections (A-E) The sections may
be chosen more than once,

In whieh section ofthe arte is each ofthe following mentioned?
a gros wer whose wok sad to ave infueced other writers CTT]
ne publishers modes expectations fr a celeb autobiography [ZT]
the atte of spaces 1 the meda

the need 1 Fi peoples expectations rearing te cer
the changing satus of ghost wer inthe protesion LEIT

the lack of prestige celebrity autobiographies once had
inthe industry

‘the reason wy celebrities fee! a need to produce an
autobiography

the need to keep on good terms with Ihe elebriy,
the range of companies now publishing celebrity autobiographies
the type of consumer that celebrity autobiographies appeal 10

the lack of recognition ghost writes can expect in return for
thei ons

the ncitference of one celebrity to à books success

à ghost iter who had problems geting dose o the
<eebrty concerned

8 88 BA88 A ABE

581 Match the words and phases from the article to their closest,
smonyrs.

110 be looked down upon (A) a) of low soca status

2 cuedap (a) 1) money ened from sales of a book
3 musthave (a) à show dsgust for

3 Lo turn up ones nose@) 0) became frends

5 downmarket (8) ©) considered inferior 10

6 royales GB) D aspiing

7 to turn down (8) 9 essential

8 to up) P) become more confidential

9 shiny ©) ) wetunformed

10 would-be (€) ruse

11 toopen up (© © expat

12 10 bond (€) ) showing ritation

The Ghost Writers

The celebrity autobiography is the publishing phenomenon of our age.

But who actually writes them?

A. Newsile clebity autobiographies have tw things In
‘common: they are avalable i al manner of rea ut,
and none of ther was actualy writen bythe person whose
ame appears on the cove Ghost writers, who wed 0 be
‘ater looked down upon in the Industry are well onthe
ay o Becoming the dominant Kear figures of our time
‘contig to Luce Cve wo wrote te aulobogapy 0! à
Big Briher winner A ofthese people who enero tom
Shows like Big Brother know jus hou much they can sel
(her rs intervie oc They far more cup han ever
before Te clebiy autobiogapy fa natural extension
(1 at become the musthave acceso Yor anyone
os reached a certain level of fame Obviously these
People cant wie ther books Ihemseins, o they need
Someone do for them,

And yet only few yeasago pushers regula turned
‘up te noses a celbriy autobiographies on the grounds
tat they ere either 10 downmarkel or would sel But
ow eye lin on the acı fom theo othe vie.
So ha happened o cause such a masse sit in ade?
‘oanswer tat quesion we need to fellow a ral at leads
ck o the Bi celebrity model Jordan. In November
2008 come very uy looking people came fo se the
publisher fon Blake a his London oie Bake company
cialis in the Stack emi shomtiz endo the market.
succession of what looked ke wideboystumed una
‘her covered in god chains he real They sd "Do you
ant 10 do Jordans book? We want a milion pounds up
front and none of his nonsense about royals” Am
but far rom tempted, Bake decied,assuming that would
be that But tl Jordan peopl’ continued calla him up
ride Eventual; aer every other publisher had
{ued the book down, Blake digned Jordan and he hos
re Rebecca Famwonh, or a comparatively low fe of
1000-1 can say we hada great ea lll the book:
hemcals

© Being Jordon came out on a Thursday lo May. By
Saturday had sold 10000 copes, eating oe cel
‘sutobographic such as ill Clon My Le hands dom
and cuello hat week’ numberone novel y tente one.
“has ami’ Bao remember Everyone concerned was
ave = evenone tat except Jordan heslo
‘ook the whole hing In ber sde do hit she actualy
rad the book. For hor it was fut ke doing another

15 calendar ora magazine shot twas at this pont tha the
‘esto! book ade belated roused isa! fom is stupor
‘and ook nica Ther had dette been alo ofsnotbery
about these sr o books before; sys Ben Dunn oral
“rector a Fourth Eat. Dat what was extordiary was

2 tht the people buying the Jordan book werent ria!
ook ben You had à sion where people were sing
paperbacks into their sıpemmaket woles along wilh
paces of buis. Sudden here were whole new
"martin poses wang to be tapped

55 D When te market explo so the ghosts role
hin the book tade = and in several cases er nk
Balances = exploded with The man wide reed with
{aking rene advantage of à changing climate is Ihe
‘eran outalst Hunter Davis, te author of some fry

a. books cli otal Wayne Rooneys auabiograpty
My Soy So Rar. Te most importa tia all ghosting
soys Dive. ging the vie right However youre ot
recess ying o get et al vole, but rabo ole
thatpeopl percevasbelonginaio temor Insta

5 Wayne we all ew hat hes ony young and had vitally
no education s had to epi lately simple Te sil,
ile hardy inospeciv, did aloe readers glmpar of
Ie inside Waynes heod! Another very success ghost
ver sys Youre not thelr Wend, bat you must have an

7e «quai ftelaonship tho makes I appear that you are
orar ou heir personal stan long they ask you
to do ating for tem youl do because any use othe
Moro could su nthe geting shi

The new celery autobiographies may not be high at,

73 but the most succesdul ones dele an aluing mix of
scandal. coneson harsh and glamour Ma MeCram i
‘ne ofa new breed of gos writers When he wrote Robbie
Wilians” Somebody Someday — and in the proces
defined forthe profession wat a hosted auoblogapıy

en could be-he wes one of several would-be hosts who were
interviewed forthe Job A e sys! ound I very ii u
lira = was alvays rater formal, Bi Uke Interviewing
royal Then, right atthe end, he opened up about ts ile
‘and real fet that Td bonded with hn’ But whatever ee

‘hoa wre might be Infor Hs ns the ging. eye
lucy they might su cred although ths ey 10 be
buted aay in such tiny print thal you be Lucky 1 find it
shout mos ls.

Vocabulary 1: adverbials
expressing attitude

=

1 How do we express our feelings and ideas
clearly? Look atthe statements below. One
‘word in each sentence tell you how the
person is feeling. Underline the word, and
{decide which person is indicating that:

2) they have heard that something ue though
they are not sue.

1) something is easily noticed or understood.

€) they thin that there no doubt about something

they are speaking for only themselves

®) they are guing the most important information,

1 they are speaking dect and honesty

@ what they are saying ii fact thei tue opinion, or

Contrasting what has been sad before.

1 Franky | think that books written by celebs are
usually overated.

2 Actualy on second thoughts | dont realy want to
90 out tomar

3 Wei, basicaly its just a matter 01 fing in a form
and they do the rest for you.

4 ¡wasn't atthe conference myself, but apparently it

5 Mary people enjoy going o the cinema but
personaly | prefer the theatre.

6 He was s0 upset - clearly nat imiting him tothe
party was a mistake

7 We don't have much money, so obviously knowing
the toa cost ofthe tps very impoant

2 Two of the words are almost interchangeable.
Which are they?

(M2: Work with a partner, Decide which of the.

‘alternatives inthe following sentences is most

likely, and why.

1 The young man was reading avidly and was
actualy personal / bie enjoying the book

2 Wel, basicly / apparent! personaly al that
happened was that | was fol o concentrate more

in dass

ve known Caro for years = bios actualy /

personal nes my oldest and

4 ta fut station all round, and tantly!
apparent leary wish you had said what

you di

Ünforunatay couldnt be at the meeting, but

‘early opparenty frankly from what ve hear

was useful and produce,

5 Going on what happened after, 1 was clear
Hank personal the wrong decision.

7 Apparent 1 Obviously / Actually no-one s
Suggesting that twas your fa you weren't
ven there!

4s easy to find ut everything you need to know
about the project. Apparently / Geary Bascaly al
you have to do s go on othe internet and
‘ownioad the information pack.

23 Look atthe following statements

fm amazed that reading hasn' died out al together
by now = whats the point of i nowadays?
Technology has taken over and we ust don't need it
Im historia tems, reading and wong ave ony been
access 10 everyone que recent but it has charged
the work. Where would we be without them?

Work witha partner. Choose a statement each
and think of four arguments to support it. Then
discuss them with your partner, Use adverbs
‘where appropriate to show how you feel,

Grammar 1: participle clauses

Participe clauses are quite formal and appear
more in writing than in speaking. They are
formed by replacing something ina sentence
‘with a present participle Ging) or a past
participle.

Example:
"You see, 1 arive for work ate so many times in
the pas that tasa surprise when the boss
told me of
Having ara late for work on numerous
‘occasions, Jack was gen an oficial rprimand by
his superior.

Clauses including a participle can be used to
replace à relative pronoun and a verb, and to
replace words which give reasons, show results
or indicate time.

To replace a relative pronoun and a verb
FM Look at these sentences and answer the
questions below.
1 2) People who pay sport requlaty are generally
healthier than those who don.
'b) People paying spot regulary are genealy
healthier than those who don

2 a) Children who are brought up to read books
‘ope wel at schoo.

b) Children brought up to read books cope well at
school

11 Which sentence in each pair uses a relative
clause? Which one uses a participle clause?

2 Which pair of sentences (1 oF 2) hasan active
meaning? Which one has a passive meaning?
Complete the rule.

A parle clause wth an active meaning uses a

—— particle

A participle clause with a passe meaning uses a

— partie

EAN Using participle causes occasionally gives

you the opportunity to use a range of structures.

Rewrite the extracts from different written

‘documents below, replacing the relative clauses

‘with participle clauses.

Example:
Students who finish fist should leave the exam
00m quie:
Studente fishing fret ohou eve the exar oom
quiet

1 The witnesses saw a fire which was burning inthe
distance.

2 Notal the people wo were registered for the
conference actualy attended

3 The piece of wood that was holding the window.
‘open had fallen out, and this alowed the burglar
19 entr the house

4 Your priory when you are making a career move
Should be the salary

5 We obtained a copy of the government report
Which was published last week,

$ Anyone wo wants to join should register on the
website,

He was working a a desk which was pled high

with papers, and clearly his working conditions

were poor.

To replace words which give reasons,
show results or indicate time

EA Look at these sentences. Which word in the
fist sentence in each pair indicates reason, result
‘or time? What has replaced tin the second
sentence? Complete the rules below.
1. a) Since we had pad so much forthe holiday, we
‘were upset that the hotel was so bad
'b) Having pad so much forthe holiday, we were
‘upset thatthe hotel was so bad.

2 a) Once she had finished her homework, she
Seed to 90 out
b) Having finshed her homework, she decided to
go out
3 à) She had been told that she could apply for the
course, so she sent na form.
' Having been told that she could apply for the
course, she sent in 2 form,
Words such as —___, —
replaced by a particple clause.
When the sentence isin the past, the participle cause
can be formed by —— + pas partie

and ande

tent te sentence ig parte

Ean ering ky or

Sasi es tat you e Sres

=

ange
ee Vs bou oi sph st bot
Spanish and English.
ep pa opt beth
Paaren
Een eta en and asa eat ve
cas
nd ara eat rt mah
Fr

à eared er 5 eden get te
atest

2 Haha od was ei e ot ent
ware

à One by hd ota tt posts te
Te expe wana pen
Drm ane

à et ay med aso!
e enn e Co.

5 Wt in ns heat tl
cl de om

6 Tce stn Gent iv ad
‘en bea ooh nee

> Grammar reference p.196 (11)

Read the text below. Which argument do you
think the writer supports?

2 Rewrite the text using participle clauses to
replace the numbered sections and making
any other changes necessary,

The hardest thing we do?

How do we all develop language? The linguist.
Noam Chomsky belived that (1) we are barn ith
‘mine knowledge of grammar ith essa

that we dont need anyone to teach us the grammar

of our native language; (2) once they have irte |

Speak, children automaticaly speak grammataly
‘Theres support for this theory from studies of
child language (3) which show that children use the
correct word order withoot ever having Deen taught
what that order is.

In contrast, the psychologist BF Skinner
live hat children must be taught language,

“They imitate everything they hear
(©) and i hi way hey eam he nus oftheir
ive language. But an interesting argument

3 Discuss these questions

1 Which theory do you ike the sound of?

2 Do you think it aser to learn a language when
you ate young or when you ae oder?

3 What aspect of learning a language do you find
most dico

Speaking: discussion (Parts 3 and 4)

‘Work with a partner and complete the

lowing task. Look at the pictures on page 183.
Remember to express your own opinions and to
ask your partner what they think

Here are some pictures showing diferent
‘occupations in which further study soften
Undertaken. Fes, tk to each other about how
important might be to continue to Study in these
occupations. Then decide in which occupation
fuer study is most dificult to do.

RL Discuss these questions.

1 Some people say that studying is a waste of time,
and geting experience more important What do
you think?

2 What are the advantages and dsadvantages of
studying alone aná studying witha teacher? Do
you think that it's different when you ae learning
language from learning anything else?

3 How far do you agree that studying at schoo is
more important than studying as an dul?

4 What do you think are the mast important subjects
to include for young people nowadays? How
important sito lean other languages?

5 Wow important ae communication sis?

66 How do you think technology wil influence
‘education inthe future?

Exam focus

Paper 3 Use of English: multiple-choice
cloze (Part 1)

‘About the exam: Paper, Part 1 ia short cle
passage from which twelve words have been
‘removed. For each gap, you must choose which of
the four words in the multiple-choice question
‘its the gap best. These questions test your
understanding of fixed phrases, cllocations,
linking words and expressions and
‘complementation le y. dependent prepositions,
‘gerund and infinitive, etc), as wel as your lexical
knowledge.

sant sas
Read the text quickly to get a general idea of
What it is about and how it Organised, Dont
‘answer any of the questions until you've read
the whole text

2 Look at each gap in turn and think about the
sentence. Can you predict the missing word.
before you look at the options?

3 Look to see if the word you predicted is one of
the four options fit sot, look for reasons
why the options don't fit the gap. For
‘example, the wrong preposition may follow,
the meaning may not be exactly right, etc

4 If you're not sure of an answer, guess you
dont lose any marks if you get an answer
‘wrong,

5 When you've answered all the questions, read
the whole text again to make sure all your
answers make sense in the context of the
whole passage.

{M For questions 1-12, read the text below and decide which answer
(A, 8, Cor D) best fits each gap. There is an example atthe beginning (0)

Example:
OA come B made C caught D met

An unusually successful lesson

{A schoo! in Scotland has (0) A up with an unusual way o improve is
Pupils’ health and well-being, (1) ——- t he same time helping them to
become better learners. The six-year-old children have started doing type of
massage that was developed in Sweden. In the classes, each child chooses a
partner and takes it in (2) —— 10 receive a massage of their back, neck and
shoulders. Not only do the children (3) the activity fun, but this kind
of massage also (4) muscle tension.

TO($) — interest tothe activity, the teachers have linked ito a story
about a small boy who wants lo play in the snow, but

must put on his
glasses - the (6) of te glases is traced on the children's shoulders.
Then he helps hs mum with the baking ~ this involves kneading the
shoulders, and finally he goes out for a walk and has to (7) Ihe snow

Of his cot on his return The story is told slowly, each movement be
repeated tree ties.
When the massage classes stated, the children used to chatter and (8)

about, but now they are quiet, their faces pictues of (9) concentration.
And the activity (10) them in other ways to: they ae noticeably
calmer and more (11) of each other in the playground as well as being
more relaxed and (12) — 0 learn in the classroom.

a B otherwise whereas D instead
24 B uns € order D sequences
3 A percene 8 find € regar D discover
aA suopons Bcomions € roles D softens

5 A oud Bean © gan D incase
6 A gue B form € protie D shape

7 A bush 8 mop sweep D dus

8 A joke 8 mes € lg D ke

9 A ses 8 heavy intense D strong
10 Apomots Benmanes € favouts D berets
MA fency Bioleram CE cooperaiwe D helpful
12 A emrusaste 8 keen € optimistic D fond

MR Do you think the massage classes are a good idea?

What other non-academic activities do you think could help children’s

Bldg

Vocabulary 2: communication —
idioms

ER} Look at the highlighted expressions in the
following sentences. Use the contest to work out
‘hat they mean. Then check your ideas in a

dictionary such asthe Longman Exams Dictionary.

1 her manner of speech was, SE,

tater engl
2 hate partes wher popes sar around and
“rake a ik people they've never met
fore an may never mue gen

3 My yourge ser was wey navy today 806
Fun os fer

4 Vie listening to politicas when they jst alk
and tak and never
$ lust cosido of what the

Lecture was saying - he used so many obscure
words that ve never heard of!

6 sig cu er enue hen a
they 60 ROD ve al have ie ou
Oc a sen ore nt

7 1 thought rd made it clear but SHE SOE NOM SHINE
CRE — hed her o come on

Saturday but she turned up on Sunday!
8 1% fu to have a eal conversation with him
because he doesnt sm to understand tur

faking = he talks and cat

9 Tenn eve ben SSNS 1
e a ee
Sa aro minar,

10 bata tomar o Soros who its

oa ech en ae
corr th evenene— se
SSSR, cre 1 tens peopl

12 1 ink that we have to pul down the bares, 9

E28 Work with a partner. Think ofa situation to
ilysrate one ofthe expressions from Exercise 1
Your partner should guess the expression you are
ilusteating,

Example:
À was taking to my sister but she mould’ listen
‘and was going on about her own problems, 50
that it was impossibe for me to say anything!

You mean you couldn't get à word in eigenes

31 Some phrases with say are useful in

speaking. Match the functions 1-6 10 the phrases

321. Then write a two line dialogue using the

Phrase. Practise saying it with a partner

Example:
‘A think that its gong o snow tomorow

B: Wel as és 30 degrees today it seems very

unlike, wou’ ou say?

10 show that you dont know the answer to

something

2 10 ask someone else opinion when you want to
influence them

3 10 sk someone eses opinion

4 10 show agreement

5 to indicate that something s tue in spite of what
you have jst sid

6 te indicate that something is general uncertain

2) 1 woud say thatthe plan should work,

1) Sor | could say

© Reading anything a good thing. Having sid that,
think 5 important that books are werten.

di seems very unie, woul’ you say?

+) What would you say?

N Who can say?

EA! Discuss these questions. Try to use the

expressions from Exercise 3 in your discussion

1 How do you feel when people ak shop? Do you
ever doit?

2 Are you good at making smal talk? How important
{0 you thin iti? Tin of situations when
right be an important si to have.

3 When was the est time you got the wrang end of
‘the stick? Deserve what happened,

4 What can you do when someone talks down to
you? How sy it 10 deal with this ston?

5 1 always a good thing when people sped thee
‘mind? What problems mgnt it couse?

6 When itis diu! 10 get a word in edgeways, do
you fel rutated? How important do you think
turn taking isin velaonshios?

Grammar 2: passives 2

{Bt where do you thnk the passive

Used most often? Why do you think this

is? Match a source and reason to each of

the following extracts

1 Man bite by dog

2 The house was orginally bt in 1854, and
was extended in 1895 when the west
ing was added

3 Te recommendation of he bords hat
the pokey should be implemented

4 The man was charged with robbery and
remanded in custody fr ire weeks

5 itis hoped that the project wi odes the
underying sues and a reasonable solution
WA be reached,

Sources.
press release guidebook
newspaper headine report
‘ciminal record

Reasons.

‘charge mare important han the peson
mating

inormaten more important than agent

no agent object more important then

sul
‘objector event more important than

need to sound objective and impersonal

EAN Read the article. Some examples of
‘the passive have been highlighted. Match
‘each of the uses of the passive a-d to one
of the examples,

2) Using the passive means we can avoid an
‘awkward change of subject in the made
of a sentence

1) Vie often use the passive with verbs such
as think, boleve, know, soy t0 ge à
general opinion

© Using the passive can make a statement
sound more impersonal and less connected
Lo te speaker

1d) We use he passe when the active form
would require the use ofan indefinite or
vague pronoun, eg. someone, they,

people,

Children tobe offered lessons round the clock
A man sco ml entren is ows en a
‘nine wohn ten bred puns

MORI aten seen ies pas une re
being oer hat ng. As a te ao ar lo pj,
‘eye res wit oie acing eco eh a
sacos wee open fon 7110p

nen ptr fe veau À
ne en pm }

(ea rer norma free fn wih cr
cometo Te semen pones out a den mus ant 1
one sol ad as pay at bese eae gaged

ess N
sise ight esr ar ang e ment, and
Soret erase)

Suing elec Be oe

ee ee
e eee

Sahil ring ester mato e
qe
AR

AB Look a the words in als in he following

Sentences, ls posible to make this part of ie sentence

passive” yes make the transformation. Wot hy nat?

1 Someone wil be ae 10 answer al your questions very

2 heyy tha choc wi oon be ble to xin
tow the amado were Grace

3 Sens hve Den stag for some re en on the
Roman peed ot history

4 Everybody bres tha he Government has ied tans
tco much

5 had» gest sore ods hen the pele at he nnd
nue sent me chee lo aura tat

6 You mus kn up your rom before you do anything ee!

7 Te coleges going to send more than 20 Students abroad
osu

8 Someone got a fantastically high score in the test, but |
ee

FAR Work with a partner. Look at he following
Situation. Discuss what you think the school should do,
and then write a statement for release tothe local press
descrbing your solution. Use the passive as much as
possible.

‘A loca schools finding it dci 10 motivate students 10
Take part in exra-Curncular and sporting ates, and fears
that students wal become unfit and unhealthy.

> Grammar reference p:196 (12)

Lister
(Part 1)

1g: multiple choice

HEN Discuss these questions
1 What are the qualities of a good teacher?
2 How should the performance ofa teacher be judged?
2) though exam resus?
À) through student feedback?
+) by assessing hier impact on student nes and
development?
3 Should education prepare young people for le ar
for work?

82 You will hear three different extracts. Choose
the answer (A, Bor €) which fits best according to
what you hear.

Extract One
You hear part of a radio programme entitled My
Favourite Teacher, in wich a woman called Js
remembering her schooldays.

1 fels nat Miss Cope' greatest quality was her ability

A to keep contol of the clas
8 to keep the dass motvated
to keep her students entertained

2 ll tls the story about the fc student in order to

underine Miss Cope’
A inconsistent aude to dsaipine

impatience with cera kinds of behaviout
€ professionals in the face of provocation

[Extra Two

You overhear two young people talking

about à course the gil di,

3 What
À jewelry making
8 fashion design
€ fine art

4 They age thatthe course tutors should hae
À Introduced students to people who could
help them in ther careers
8 helped students to organise pubie showings
€ made arrangements

[Exact Tree!
You hear part ofa televised debate about
technology and education
5 What is Dr Ashby doing in is speech?

A puting forward a new theory

B questioning the resus of recent research

revealing the weaknesses in a common

6 Ashby mentions telention and motile
A row technology an interfere with students
ab o learn stay sil
'8 how young people are the fst to see the
potential of new technology
© how predicvons abau the elects of new
technology came tre,

1 Do you agree with Dr Ashby' point of

Wal what other aspects of new technology
‘an be useful in childrens

2) learning of specific sks?
2) general education fr fo?

SI Look at these words and expressions

fom Dr Ashby’s talk. Listen again and decide
if she used them in a positive or à negative
way.

individualistic
ger fo grips with

scene type

Similes with like

Example:
He never settled anywhere for ong — he moved
around all the time
He never set anywhere for long = he ved

JA Work with a partner. What do you think the
highlighted similes with like mean? Write down
your ideas, and then check ina dictionary

1 dade you to keep out of the boss way today
Hes Ikea bear wth or he.

2 When | went camping with fend last year, tas
et in site ofthe uncomfortable around

a Meaty he par west y ne
Heike a sh ou of water

CIR Sera ES
ue of bots hing lin ls lt of
‘re pas ike red DT

5e GS the toe he spats he jt
Beet ‘rind nes

Similes with as

Example:
He was very angry and went red in the face.
He was so angry is face was

Hh Match the simile halves. Are they the same
in your language? Use each one in a sentence to
bring out its meaning.

1 as strong à) wachen
2 as light Haan

3 aswhite © 2 à feather

4 as qui 9352 cucumber
5 35001 © asa fash

MSI Use similes from Exercises 1 and 2 to

describe these people. a

Y John just ss around on hi own he never takes
parti any office activites. —

2 How ca Saly do presentations without looking at
all nervous? Fd be tried —

3 1 Sue al ight? She looks real pale = should we
suggest she sees a doctor?

14 A You look very relaxed, Carlo — did you sleep well
in the hotel last night?
8: Very well- the bed was so comfortable sept

5 The bos jus never thinks before he says anything
he realy puts peoples backs up sometimes

Writing: proposal (Part 2)

MM In Paper 2, Part 2, you may be asked to.
rite a proposal. You will be given a task and a
Contest, but you will need to use your own ideas
in the proposal
Which ofthe falling statements are nat true of à
proposal?
+ is written in an informal se

Ings facts
It uses a range of interesting vocabulay.
Ris posible to use headings and bulet points.
I makes suggestions or recommendations

1 Read the following writing task

Your college wants to improve ts results in
foreign language exams Your css has
conducted survey to identify the reasons for
‘he current situation, and you have been asked
o write a proposal making recommendations
{with reasons) o improve

Weite your proposal in 220-260 words.

2 Which organisation would be best for the
proposal?

A 8
Introduction Introduction
‘Main ssues identified Recommendations
Recommendations with Reasons for
reasons recommendations
Conclusion Conclusion

3 Discuss with a partner your ideas for

+ possible reasons for the stuation
+ recommendations for improving it

23! Read the proposal below, which was written
in answer to the task. Compare the ideas in the
proposal with your own. Which organisation has
‘he writer used? Fil in the missing headings.
‘What recommendations does the writer make,
and what reasons does he give?

TiPt Ifyou choose 10 use bullet points in a
report or a proposal, make sure that you stil
Use a range of language. Don't be tempted to

use notes or simple structures.

Inbradactión
Toe suney conducted anong students identified te
nain probleme mith language fencing im te colega.

“ais preosalcutlines Hose prblems and mates
reconna nations for slaions

n

One of tha Biggest prblon dentfind in he ru

is natation Pi ndemts dont got the chance 1a

th For language cots Poe enero and st

Sara Be thas tole terested eit end
dz comte te this sick is that students

FA did to tate 1 ac other Im rotar

Tergenge Lecce if Fels matt.

wo

2 A mid action of Os hol be made nab in

tha college Library for students te boron and nish
san be Atenea 10 in tha Being sad
“Tas wold provide metido, ging students real

ee
ee ee Dites
D es onty gun in Jus nd argo: 24
Serene Tats Ja then sen sch

Se and nel be cond mtr im tine 4
sou tts of Fon a ml

2 Rental pige send be nara by te cee to
fia stl tein made Ja nes? pees ito
a Bak any e non fhe nat mud ood

legge onl onde compi st is

te mette

Conetucion
ME fürs recomendations nad har wld nnd tbe
Pal curado tha management of the algo
That Wat op 1 be np,
ire nn be a rel nro in te Station

1 Highlight five uses of the passive. Which parts
‘of the proposal ae they in? Why? Why iit
important that these sections seem objective
and impersonal?

2 The writer has used a range of structures. Find
two participle clauses and underline them.

‘The writer has used two expressions that are

100 informal for a proposa. Find them and

resorte them in a more formal way.

4 The writer has made eight careless spelling
mistake, Find and correct them. What kind of
mistakes were they? Do you make this kind of
speling mistake yourself? Make a note of any
mistakes that you do make, and learn the
correct spelling

1 Read the two tasks below.

“The numberof students taking part in sporting
activities a your college i falling. Your class
has conducted a survey to identify the reasons
for this, and you have been asked to write a
proposal making recommendations (with
reasons) to improve the situation,

Verte your proposal in 220-260 words.

Your college is planning to implement a
programme developing communication sil

for the workplace. Your dass has conducted a
survey o identify what students would ike

this programme to include, and you have been
‘asked to write a proposal making
recommendations (with reasons) on how the
programme should be organised,

Weite your proposal in 220-260 words

2 Choose one task, and discuss your ideas with a
partner. Then write your proposal using the
Sample answer as a model. Make sure that you
use an impersonal style, use the passive where
appropriate and use a range of structures,
especial if you include bullet points. Check
your speling once you have finished.

D Writing reference p.207.

BR cad the text below and think of the word
‘hich best fi each gap. Use only one word in
each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0)

First words

‘The SONY Computer Science Laboratory in Paris
is a cosmopolitan place (0) aber. an
international cam of researchers converses in
English, French and Japanese. But the airis also
(1) — of more exotic voices unering strange
words (2) — as "wabaku? and half:
recognisable pass like “pushred wablueko”.
‘These are Luc Stel’ talking robots. Even the
‘most accomplished linguist wil have problems
(63) polie conversation with them, because
they don't speak any language we know. Instead
they inven their (4) —

For decades, sciemists have argued about

(5) — it was that our ancestors came o evolve
something (6) ——— complex and elegant as
language. What sor of bran would they have
needed? Linguist Noam Chomsky believed that
some kind of linguistic rules must be encoded in
‘our genes and brains. (7) oppoments argue
that picking (8) language is simply a matter
‘of fearing, and that given enough examples we can
‘extract meaning, rules and order from (9) _—
‘we heat, through a sor of subconscious statistical
analysis.

‘But Steel research points (10) — a third
way. Time and time (11) he has heard new
languages evolve in computers that are not
programmed (12) -— with the equivalent of an
inate linguistic sense or with statistical powers.
Instead, for each new language, rules are gradually
‘invented negotiated, built upon and spread

(13) pairs of robots taking to, and learing
rom, one another. In (14) —— words, language
is a complex adaptive system, a living thing which
‘organises (15) and spread like a viru.

ec JC OS pr 16

I Complete the second sentence so that it has
a similar meaning to the fist sentence, using the
word given. Do not change the word given. You

must use between three and six words including

‘the word given.

1 They are doing translations of that book in various
European languages. VARIETY
‘That book s
languages
2 More people are speaking the Welsh language now
than they id SO years ago. WIDELY
The Welsh language — than it
was 50 years ao.
People now think that language developed
‘through negotiation, THOUGHT
Language — though
egotaton
4 Chen ought to eam computer skis before they
art school, TAUGHT
Compute ki
hide.

5 Someone asked the police spokesperson to explain
why the star had been arrested. GIVE
The police spokesperson ——
explanation or the stars ars.

6 Nobody pays much attention when elderly people
complain about faling educational standards
Notice
tte ho complain about
faling educational standards,

‘of European

pre school

(BL There is a mistake in each ofthese

Sentences. Corectthe mistakes

1 He never thinks before he says anything = hes ike
a horse ina china shop.

2 Ive never seen him so angry hs face mas as ed

3 He ais in the gym every day -hes as strong as
an lphant

& Lust in fee comfortable working here et
Ikea fish out of sea.

5 don't know how | thought ofthe idea — come.
tome ina bang!

6 Sm sor but don't know what o tel to you

It's how you tell it

e
Reading 1: multiple

choice art) Cor mme
FEN Discuss these questions The Neverending Story

“pane An excelent story one thal can be read agan and again

+ listening to stores?

+ reading stoves?

+ following stories in ms or
TV programmes? Ite unforunat that a move was made out o his book, Because rat

RI re lead fd

er

meinung er ‘bookshop and hides himself in the schoolhouse ati to read it. The book

aes Eee ho has stolen is about the magical world of Fantastica, a world that is

ideas? interconnected with its ruler (the Childlike Empress): but she is dying, and
mr

REVIEWER: Amazon.couk Reviewer

recently. What made it ‘Te so th bok ls ovr and alegra tis easy 1 distinguish pars
interesting? Wasi ut Fristen Yom te parts et nto schodouse fr tho pars nto
Sas cent «cobos aro ton fas. The ea are og! (love th ic of

ho nain hat eng Fantasia - you cat even seat propery because
‘hore is noting o 20) and noting ee | have ever read vals À for
ingeny Though the Book à ot pay lng, so much happens in

+ where you heard it?
+ the way it was tld?

Tell your partner either the {hat byte tine yo reach te end you fea you ha been racing or
story (itis brief) or a quick years, Te broad one ofthe o! a | gave aly covers ne fest ar ot
Summary of the story. {he Dok | cat wit any more because I dort wa 1 pol The books
ao humor and ges the read a fou tings 1 thnk boa, ough not
31 You are going to ead ‘nan vis way — tho mara a oro ko o loas up ou har to
trae extracts which are all ‚le thom. Ths is an abso classic, and | would unheskaingy
concerned in some way with command 10 arc who los a ral good fantasy nove

‘Stories. Choose the answer (A, Pas EE]

8, Cor D) which you think fits
best according to the text.

4 The reviewer says that this book i superor to others she has read
because

A the ideas it presents ar o lever.

Be sl of ring iso original,

€ the plot sso dense and moin,

the characters are so appealing

What does the viewer fee about the more thought provoking

aspects of the bock?

A They ar best ignore,

B They ae quit subty presented

€ They are weakened bythe us of humour.

1 They ae 100 moralistic o be taken serous,

EXTRACT FROM THE NOVEL THE ISLAND

‘Alexis ad only one ele to her mother’ past: à
faded wedding picture which had stood on
Sophia's bedside table for as long as Alexie
‘ould remember, the orate silver frame worn
{hin with polishing In early childhood when
less used her parents big, bumpy bed a à
‘eampoline, the image of the smiling but ater
sf posed couple in the picture had floated
up and down in fron of her Sometimes she
‘tke her mother questions about the beautiful
Indy in lice and the chislledplatinm aired
‘man, What were their names? Why did he have
ry hai? Where were they nov? Sola had
given the briefest of answers at they were
‘Aunt Mara and Uncle Nikolaos, and they had.
lived in Crete and that they were both now
ead. This information had ets Alexis hen
= but now she needed to know more. I was
‘he sas ofthis picture ~ the only famed
photograph inthe entice house that intrigued
her at much as anything The couple had clearly
‘ben significant in her mother’ childhood and
yet Sophia always seemed relucan o ulk
about he. I was much more dan reluctance;
In fact it was stubborn refusal. As Ales grew
Ant adolescence she had learned to respect her
mors desire for privacy = was as Keen 25
her own teenage instinct lock herself away
and void communication. But she had grown
Beyond all hat now.

3 Why id Alexis find the wedding photograph
in her mothers bedroom so interesting?
A It reminded her of her chidhood.
B it was dearly a most treasured object.
© She din’ believe what her mother said
aboutit
She romembered feeling frustrated by her
smother’ attitude
4 From the last sentence ofthe extract, we
understand that Alexis
A was no longer curious about the people in
the photograph
8 regretted not being more communicative
a teenager
€ had come to understand her mothers
feelings beter. E
1 had decided to ask agan about the
photograph.

14_wsrowyoutett

More than words can say

Holy has almys mined comic books for ready-made
racers with instant audience recognition. Some of the
rosaltnt in were god tink o Superman and hospital
ares of Batman = most les 0. Some tos ar ing
‘phi novels o biter fect. Quentin Tarantino used aie,
‘he two-dimensional animation se derived from Japanese
manga come boots for scenes in his mK UL Back on the
Printed page, however, the grape novel form Is eine,
‘Authors and arts ew use he rr frm as witness to recent
‘nts, for poenies, for comingotage sois and or tender
tales fami Le,

rapie orl te demand three reading: once fr to et,
ree forthe drawings and ones o bing the bno together
Authors play withthe poses, using the graphes to el a
fren tl to the txt. In Jinan Carign: the Smart id
‘on Barth Chis Wr, an strange father and son are picture
in a diner scene reminiscent af Edvard Hoppers pain
[Nighi ison tor wen they reais that they have had
thai car see, tat the reader turas back o sc the thie
leary ontine hy the it trom the diner window. Ware vais
his frame sie o, djusing the emphasis of exch and, on same
ages, creating a collage of magos that luminat the story
(Otho anor uso whole page 1 crete the dramatic impact of
‘fim cp.

A

5 Inthe st paragraph, the writers suggesting that
A firs based on comic book carats were gene
unsuccessful
E film adaptations are influencing the development of
graphic novels
ims ae harder to adapt from graphic novels than
from comic books
1 ‘ms based on graphic novels rather than comic
books are more realistic.
$ The graphic novel Jimmy Corrigan is mentioned as
providing an example of
A anittiatng experience for readers
8 à scene that would work well in afm
€ an imaginative use ofan evovng format
D a plot that res more on the artwork than the words

>

I Discuss these questions.

* you had to choose which o the thre novels would
you prefer o read? The Neverending Stoy The ond or
Jimmy Correa? Wi?

2 Have you ever read a graphic novel?

3 How do you thnk nove wil change in the future?

167

Use of English: open cloze (Part 2)

II Discuss these questions

1 How do you enjoy spending evenings with tends?
Do you ever 9 19 Ine performances such a a ve
concert or a drama in the theatre?

2 you 90 to ave conce, wat kind of music do
you listen 107

3 you goto the theatre, what do you like to see?

14 Have you ever been 10 a lve show where poetry
was read aloud? Do you think you would enjoy 17
Whit not?

1 Look at the title of the text below. What do
you think twill ay about how popular culture
Hearted?

2 Read the fist three sentences to find out

3

1 Now read the text and think of the word
which best fits each gap. Use only one word in
‘each gap. There san example at the
beginning 0).

‘The birth of popular culture

When we hk of poplar ae se dys

LOI What sing rind or pop mue, ord
Amon poemes (ll + cop
pets Few cue wold fink o poety ro
‘oma popular ave, ob 2 yp of pos
(2) walbo ho common rem ouch
‘otonporey ms ond dno, Prkemonce
ot speek ola fam of pbc
ere (2) Got rd
rs, ppl in pote socias

14) er erred ments)

‘cole sect fom manary ar be say ond
terion, ole inthe om ove, Sone o ess
once pcems, posed 6) bywaich
es sl où os logren in ga moy
“weds: pars fo Grsk mts ord ho onde
sh) coma

2 Compare your answers witha partner and
st your ideas.

a

1 Read the complete text again and answer
these questions Did anything surprise you in
the tex”?

1 How di people originally keep a record of poems?

2 What happened when people began to ute
poetry and stores down?

3 How popular is performance poetry today?

2 Discuss these questions.

1 Do you think you ke poetry? Why ny not?

2 Which words sum up poety for you?

3) teresting © boring
funny © releva
© ict D ok fashioned

3 What makes poetry diferent from text for
you? Choose some of he following ideas.

thyme rythm
lors of adecives

Strange words
Ale ideas

hanged co The de dl done row ot
(91 petomance poy, nd gay
Econo (10) —— po oro.
Mean, cl ed noelia socios,
‘pofomorce pony developed no ho ok songs
111) "eer hand wth Aron
‘rotons bosom mada paper mic.

112). potty ha hos pvr dod ou ow
oto rt ost tarots
Sop. Ad (1) peer si occ
ion bts fwd por, chen coed
woh when pop 114) —
Bo ak gg pot ld Le med
re, and mies op nt. oh
thom pop, panons per sas
feces (15) —— wy bck bo pe
soon pops por no ll
momo lo pore sed

1 The lines inthe following poem are in the
‘wrong order. Work with a partner and create a
poem of your own, using the lines in any
‚Order. You can leave out lines if you like, but
you must not change them. Remember to give
our poem a ttle

2 Read your complete poem aloud to the cass.
Use intonation and rhythm to make it
interesting, Ask the other students what they
‘thought of your poem.

(D3 Now listen to the acta! poem. Was your
version the sam or diferent? Which do you
preter? Wy?

Vocabulary 1: books and stories

HEIL Complete the sentences using words from
the box. You may need to change the form of
the word,

paperback Blurb volume
bestseller whodunit ection tier

1 Ther ae four of the latest version ofthe
tionary its hugel
2 Hike to have mo of my favourite book

‘one 10 read when ave and one to keep at
home.

3 Her fst nove id not sell wel, but her next was a

and was sol to Holand,

4 Hi fist book is sil eli well, but tis now 20
years old so he has updated it and the new
wal be pubis next year.

5 1 enjoy a kinds of books but my favourite ind of
soy sa Tove tying to guess who the
murderer before 1 get to the lst page!

6 The kind of book take on holiday s one that ind
‘xcting - a. Ike those written by Jo

Grisham, that have crime and spies and soon.

1 only buy books when they come out in

because hey re cheaper han the hardback version

and iter to carry around.

8 Before buy a book | away lp through it to get
an idea of the story and ao read the on
‘he back whic ges me a short summary.

AL There are different ways of reading. Match
‘the ways tothe descriptions.

wading theugh dipping into
browsing skimming

1 pend a lt of time leaking through books in
shops. | tend to read diferent burbs and a couple
of pages from each book before I choose the one |
‘want to spend my money on.

2 Even if id a book hard o rend, stil suggle
‘on to the end because cant bear the thought of
fot knowing what happens!

3 ove travel books - don't read them rom cover
to cover lke a nove, bu tend to Tip through
them and find locations that imagine Im visting

4 When | read a text in an exam | usually read it
‘quick sto get a genera dea of what is about
Before reading in detal

Exam focus
Paper 5 Speaking (Parts 1-4)

About the exam: Paper 5 takes 15 minutes for a

pair of candidates. There are two examiners, but

‘nly one (the interlocutor) speaks to the

candidates. The assessor jut listens.

You are assessed on:

+ the accuracy and range of grammar and
vocabulary that you use

+ discourse management, e.g. the way you
organisé your ideas and whether they are
relevant tothe task you are doing

+ pronunciation

© your ability o interact with your partner and
twit the interlocutor.

There is aso a general mark given for your
overall performance inthe whole of the test
Although itis important that you interact with
your partner, you will only be assessad on your
‘own performance and you will not be compared
‘with your partner.

There are four parts to the tes:
Part The interlocutor asks you questions about
yourself and your opinions.

Part 2 You each speak for one minute alone and,
without interruption. You are each given à set of
three photographs and asked to comment on
‘wo of them. You are alo asked a brief question
‘after your partner has spoken about their
photographs.

Part 3 You work with your partner to complete a
task based on pictures

Part 4 You answer questions from the
interlocutor connected withthe topic of the Part
3 task

Suggested procedure

1 Listen carefully to he instructions the
interlocutor gives you for each part ofthe test

2 Be positive. Speak clearly and answer
questions fully, although remember that you
only have to give a bref answer to the
(question following your partners
photographs.

3 If there is anything you don't understand, ask
the interlocutor.

4. Ty to use a range of language when
completing the diferent task, and don't
‘worry if you make à mistake. Accuracy is only
part of the assessment criteria

5 In Part 3, remember that one of the sils in
discussion s tur-taking; co-operate with your
Partner and ask them for their opinion. This is
5 shared task!

6 Dont worry ifthe interlocutor stops you
before you have finished speaking - that Just
means that you have run out of time!

Work in groups of four. Decide who will be
Candidate À and who will be Candidate 8, and
‘who will be the interlocutor. The fourth student
should listen and think about how well the two
Candidates are performing.

The student whois he interlocutor should ook tthe
sit on page 187,

Candidate A lok at your photographs on page 184,
Candidate B look at your photographs on page 184.

The interlocutor should read the script and time the

acts wl the other two students ae doing the
tasks, When you have fished, discuss together

+ anything that was act
+ ways in hich performance could be improved,

Listening: multiple choi
(art 1)

{AE Look at the task on page 171. The three

extracts are on different topics, Discuss these

questions.

1 Host many people wil you hear in each extract?

2 Where does each extract come from?

3 Whats the tpi of each extract?

4 Look at the multiple-choice questions. How much
do you know about the extrac before you listen?

TIPL In the exam you have time to read the
{questions before each extract is payed. Use all
the information on the page to help you
imagine the situation and think about what you
will hear.

(DE You wit hear thee ferent extracts
Goose the answer (A Bor © which fs best
Scoring to wht you hear, Tere are to
pti,

‘You hear the beginning of à radio discussion
about celebrities,
1 According to Sal what can psychologists
row do?
A help people who are obsessed wit celebrities
E assess how serious an obsession with a celeby
might be
show people how to use their obsession in a
more productive Woy

2 What does Say suggest about the majority of
people dassed as sulering from CWS?
A There is noting so unusual in ther behaviour.
8. They are actually doing something quite creative.
© They ae in danger of Becoming obsessive about
their hero.

You hear part of a talk given to a group of
parents by Derek Palmerston, an expert in
education.
3 In this part ofi tk, Derek is

A cating certain types of behavior,

B arguing in favour of a new approach

€ questioning certain assumptions

4 othe rest of his talk, Derek intends to
A provide evidence to suppor a new idea
E compare two ways of dealing witha situation.
© give a detalle account of he research hes
mentioned.

You hear two friends discussing a film.
'5 Whats the mani opinion ofthe fm?

A N in’ Ine up to is expectations

B it was a waste ol Ime going 10 set.

© tisa fim that he would recommend sein.
6 What do the two frends agree about?

A how el the characters were developed

B how well the battle scenes were directed

© how good the main actors perfomance was.

{Bt Discuss these questions

Y Would you be interested in reading stories about
cet written bythe fans?

2 Do you thnk ts possible to study whist string

3 What do you think makes a good fm?

Vocabulary 2: synonyms

‘One of the things that makes a story
interesting isthe variety and range of
language the writer uses. Being aware of
‘ymenyins and paraphrase will also help you in
the CAE exam.

{Bl The vocabulary inthe following text
father boring. Work with a partner, and replace
teach highlighted word with a synonym. Use a
ictionary or thesaurus if necessary.

stato ter ot
ah a
are ie col cont Nand get
(Goma that he (4) eu so Se aia
ve ba hi! oom se sa down
cited Sree
Een
eho chard satng The wae a the ter
Seng ont

Janet (D

EZ] What do you think happens next? Write a
short paragraph to complete the story. Ty to
make it as Interesting as possible. Then compare
your ideas with another student.

© 1 sen toa student reading her paragraph

Is very different from yours? Notice any
interesting vocabulary, ©.

what was her heart doing?

how much was she shaking?

‘now id the man get into the room?

2 Record any new words in your vocabulary
notebook, taking care to note its exact
meaning and any context in which itcan
be used,

Writing: the set book (Part 2
question 5)

‘About the exam: In Paper 2, Part 2, Question 5,
you can choose to answer a question on one of
the set books. You may be asked to write an
essay an arte, a report ora review You can
follow the general guidelines for each task type,
but the details will come from the set book you
choose.

‘You don't have to answer Question 5, but if you
de, you need to know the book well enough to
be able to answer the question by referring Lo
the story or the characters

Suggested procedure

1 Read the book all the way through, and enjoy
It Get a general idea of the story and the
characters, and think about any parts you
‘really enjoyed Talk about it to your fiends,
and see what they thought about it.

2 Read the book again this time more carefully
Make notes for yourself under the following
headings:

+ Plot: main events and the order that they
happen in the story

+ An important decision, event, latter, meeting,
‘etc. that has an effect on the plot

+ Characters: what they are lik, how and why
they are important in the story

+ Places: quick descriptions of setting and
locations

+ Your own reaction: your feelings about the
book, with reasons for why you fee ike this

TIP! You don't have to be positive about
everything in the book - its al right to dis
parts of it as long as you have good reasons
nd can explain your ideas!

1 Work with a partner. Choose one ofthe set
texts, ora different book that you have both
read. Make a lst of some questions that could
be asked about the book.

2 Read the following questions. Are they the
same as yours? Add yours o the lst and then
‘seus them all. Make sure that you think of

‘examples from the book to support your ideas.

1 Wat makes the book interesting o exciting?
Desenibe a memorable or excing moment fo your
partner.

2 Choose the most interesting character and deserbe
ime. this als your favourite character?

Ist tl a good one? Why2nWhy nat?

Would the book make a good fm? Why?

Wry not?

5 Would you recommend ths book toa fand?
Wanye not?

1 Look at the two tasks on page 191. Inthe
‘exam the questions would be on the specific
Set text and not general,

Read this answer, which was written In answer
10 task a). Notice how the writer has given an
idea of he plot, and used examples from the

‘book ta support his views

£
E
E
E
i
È
}
É

tite
rE

Per
cil
10
tt
5 5
E

3 Work with a partner and answer the questions.
1 What kind of book is The Pelican Bie?
2 ls the sl ofthe review semilormal or informal?
Find some examples to prove you dea
3 The writer has made four speling mistakes. Find
and corea them
4 Find words or phrases that mean:
2) an interesting book (ara 1)
1 a complicated story ara 2)
© come across by chance (para 2)
(9 2 book that is easy 1 read (ara 3)

1 Work with a partner. Think of a book that you
could either write a review of for task a) or
‘write an essay on for task b). Decide:

+ wat style you will use

+ what evidence you wil use from the book to
support your ideas

+ how you wil organise your answer

2 Write your answer. Show your partner and
check each others work for:

+ sling

+ panctuaton

+ grammatical accuracy

Grammar: mistakes to avoid
Spelling

‘nis important to et paling wight in the exam, as

you wil not get the mark in Pape 3, Part 2 or in

Paper 4, Part 2 i you spel the word incorecty.

Keep a note of your own mistakes and ty to look

‘ut for them in your writing, then you can avoid

‘them, NB Both Bihan American speling is

acceptable,

Mistakes often occur in words that have:

+ double consonants, eg. different, necessary. tis
30 eas) to ad consonants when you re not
sur if they are doubled or not, eg exaggerated

+ silent etes ettrs that you don’t pronounce
when you say the word), &.9. know, right,
though

+ letters which may sound Ike other letters, or are
fil to guess from the pronunciation, eg
grammar, magazine

+ refines and sufíbes e. responsible, mistaken

+ plural

‘Other problems can occur in words that

+ sound ke other words (homophones} eg.
bereheur, weather

+ have problems with letter order, e. receive,
beine,

TIPY Learn the two rules below.
Comes before e except after ¢ eg. friend,
ceiling

ls isa verb, ce sa noun; so advise = verb,
aduce = noun

MI Choose the correct selling ofthe words in

each of these sentences

11 Whats your key recommendation /
reecommendaton forthe project?

2 I believe / bei that they are gong 10 bring out
2 fm of the book

3 thought that fm was incredobyncreiby
dissappointig ! asappainting.

4 Ym studying perorming art = lave the course
becuase / because it includes mownent 7
‘movement through dance

5 1 hada real argument / arguement with my rend
‘oun the mens ofthe book

6 NS ther there party so the choise choice of
food is up to them.

7 I practise practice dancing every day, which
Keeps me supple/ suppel aft.

8 {ust don feel comfortable comer with the
idea of asking him to pay he can realy afford?
ford it and we could cover his costs ourselves /
ours

9 What J Waht do you think about the idea of
watching /waching tolvsicn tonight instead of
going out?

10 1 think chien benefe / beneft great from
learning other languages langages when they
are young

11 One of the popular courses at university
nonadays psychology /phsycology and many
employers sem to think that Usa useful fo
the workplace

MAI Work with a partner. Think of five words
that you have difficult spelling, Dictate them to
your partner and see if they can get them right.

Punctuation
‘Common mistakes with punctuation ae:

+ omas = exclamation marks
+ apostophes = question mas
‘hyphens + semicolons, colons.

EB! Discuss with a partner

+ hat you find ficult about using any ofthe
punctuation above

+ any ideas for remembering how to use each one.

Watch Out! apostrophe:
An apostrophe indicates something s mising, or
possession, and snot used when Ihe wor just
apa.
ich one is corec in the pars of sentences?
hats rising? Which one i just a pra?
1 a raining

D) ining.
2 a) You're coat is hanging in the hal

1 Your coats hanging in the hal
3 9) Videos forsale

1) videos orale

(BL There are two mistakes in each of these
‘sentences. There may be a mistake where there is
Punctuation used incorrectly, punctuation that
Should not be there or punctuation that has been
‘omitted, ind the mistakes and correct them,

1.10 Ike going to the cinema; however rally
dt joy the last fm saw
2 My favourite Engl meals fish and chips,
though | ao ike roast bee?
3 Im meeting my friends atthe theatre because
they'e probably going t ative quie ate
4. My five yer old nephew loves reading is really
‘good that he does
5 twas your ides to go out ls night so ts not my
fault that you ae wed this morning!
6 People say tat young people don reed much
nowadays so how often do you read a book
7 find it very strange the way englsh people eat
potatoes with every mel!
8 I couldnt answer the ast question inthe est sol
ake the teacher atenas.
9 The review ofthe fl were realy good, so was
very appointed at! count go.
10 Lets goto the show tonight instead of saturday
‘because, Mn realy ooking formar to and!

=

1 Work witha partner. Think of any difficulties
that you have with any form of punctuation.
‘Write a sentence and show it to your partner
to check if you have got it right.

2 This extract from an informal letter has no
punctuation, Work with a partner and insert
the correct punctuation,

Mo book grabbed me fron the fot
page mhenercr | ad to put 1 down
1 couldnt atop thanks abut it ito not
Unlike a aherlack holes nove! bot sei. m
now york and not england the storys
fall of twists ard) fore these bept me
qoessing the whole fine the authors

attention to delai bre the city wd
Fig Cag

40 He overall} was

ing: Paper 2 overview

HEIL in Paper 2 writing you have to do two tasks

and you have one hour and a half to complete

he whole paper. There are two pars, and each

question carries equal marks.

Part 1 is compulsory and you may be asked to

produce an article, a report, a proposal or a

letter (180-220 word.

In Part 2 you choose one task from four

(220-260 words).

‘Questions 2-4 may include:

+ à newspaper or magazin ate

+ a contribution to longer piece such as a leaflet or
brochure

à semiformal or informal eter

a report

a proposal

à compton emy

fan information sheet

an say

reference

(Question 5 is based on set texts, and you may
have to write an essay, a review, an article ora
report.

RI Work with another student. Decide which of
the items in Exercise 1 you generally find easier
to write. Discuss why,

HI Look atthe following task and read the
answer on page 190.

A ne
You see the following announcement of à
competition in an international magazine,
HOLIDAY OF A LIFETIME

We are offering you the chance to win one of
2 range of exotic holidays, all expenses pa

| for two weeks, for you and a friend, Just write
to us, describing the most exciting holiday you
have ever had. Winning entries will be
published.
Send entres to: The Editor Today Magazine,
PO. Box 743, London.

Write your competition entry in 220-260 words.

Ma Read the task and the answer again. Decide
ifthe answer would be classed as a band 3
(atstacton) or band 5 (very good) on the CAE
Paper 2 marking scale given below.

Band 5 For a Band 5 tobe awarded, the candidates
ating has à very postive effect onthe target reader.
‘The contents relevant” andthe topic luly
developed, Information and ideas are su
‘organised through a range of cohesive devices, which.
ore uso goat elect À vide ange of complex
structures and vocabulary is used effectively, Eros are
‘minimal, and inaccuracies which do occut have no
impact on communication. Register and formal are
<onssten appropiate to the purpose ofthe tsk
and the audience.

Band 3 Fora Band 3110 be awarded, the candidates
wating has a satisfactory effect on the target reader
The content is relevant” with some development of
the topic. Information and ideas re general
‘organised logically, though cohesive devices may not
ways be used appropriately. A salsaclory range of
structures and vocabulary is used, though word choice
may ack precision. Eros which do occur do not
‘cause dif fr the reader. Register and format re
appropriate tothe purpose of the ask and

1851 Look at the Examiner Comments on the
answer on page 192. Then improve the answer
By addresing the comments

ES! Now choose one of the following writing
task or the task in Exercise 3). Your answer
‘Should follow the instructions given. Wehe
220-260 words
aa,
1 Your local cound is concemed about trafic
Problems where you live. You hove been
ste to write a short report on the state of
publi transport in your area with
recommendation on how o encourage the
local population to use pubic transport
more and thelr cas less
Write the report

A nn AAA
2 A magazine for students of English as à

Foreign Language has asked for articles on
sensible ways of preparing for English
language exams. You decide to subr
arte. Suggest strategies for organising
revision in the weeks before the exam and
provide specific ideas as to how students
Should use their time in the week before
the exam.

‘Write your article

—
3 You have been asked to contribute an
information sheet for school leavers who
are hoping to go to college. Include
information about how to choose a course,
“what to think about when choosing a place
to study and how to prepare yourself for
living away from home.

Aie the text forthe sheet.

1 When you select the task to answer in Part 2,
remember to:

2) choose a text type which you fee confident about,
‘and that you fee you can write wel Ask Yours i
ou have written this kin of text before, you can
‘organise your material appropriately and if you are
Sure about the appropriate se

1) make sue you have clear ideas of what you wil
include asthe content. Do you know the Key topic
Vocabulary you wil need?

€ pn your regan befr you sa o rte 3
fl text

include al he points asked for in the task

2 Discuss your choice of task with
another student. Explain why you think
{hiss the best choice for you,

3 Now write your answer. Remember not
to take longer than 45 minutes and
remember to check your work

EI Now took at all the writing
assessment bands on page 211 in the
Writing reference. Give your work to
another student so they can suggest
‘which band they think your answer might
come in. Discuss with your partner which
areas of your answer could be improved.

HB! 1 necessary, rewrite your answer. Ty
and improve it 30 that it would come in à
higher band,

Reading 2: planning to take
an exam?

=

1 Doing well in an exam is not only à
matter of learning. Look at the
headings a-f, and discuss with à
partner what kind of advice you think
Would be included in each one.

3) Making the most of past papers

8) Being aware of your particular issues.

Looking after your body

©) Getting into he swing of it

©) Geting tings into your head

1) Keeping yourself going

2 Now read the text and match each
heading to the appropriate paragraph
(BR) Fl in the gaps in the paragraphs
‘with either Do or Don't

MA} which piece of advice do you think
is the most useful? Can you think of any
‘other piece of advice that might be
Useful for other students to have?

a

You shold havea grammar checkt in which you are
ated down your usa mies.) —— go rough
‘hs ofen to make sure at you are aware o wat your
‘wn mises ar, so Bayou wb ss May o make
en eam.

eget go trough sme of yor od writen
work 1 check hat you hav inated al our sal
ites, and note hel comments at ou teacher
as en.

ae:
ts important ga enr, because res you and
mus your br) — plan a sty rote
tha oes cu me for spot ox execs.

‘Sting aa desk y na god fr you

(9 tan equ! rats a change pois
en You shoul etch reprend Ey o i's
er ns to boc sfr tenso acres to sh
without ean le
o-
‘Ty o wath DVDs in Engh, an read anyting you can
finda Engh 6) — — look up every word roy
the him of te gage

nthe wets leading up tote exam, () _ ty
re yous in Engl. Prsnde you ends io
speak oyun Elsi and oncurao hem cast
your miis.

o-

Important at a ao tal fir wt te format
of te exam and whats socios a ye.) —
‘ach te come ma fx ech paper.

(6) lea rate ne ver your angie
¡ein De exam wit what ou koa, so make
re hat you go back nd le tl a langage work
Jar Ge ug one a st a am

a

(9 —— eat to much mest or gary oods—
À these wg you qui spar boost bt wl a at
bar at bananas, a vegeta an
rel bread wich wi give you energy rea

longer pro
(10) mil your ond spa vl, an
make or pau hae rg meal to mail aur
ergy eres

LE E

The words and paces nto language bas ol he
tng free secon is coursebook re sc
(11) a ha phrases by heat, and try to uso
‘tem soporte when you are cing ling paper.
‘han yo go troop yo veal ota, mata

suc at you lm word in pass and (2)

ea ten nay (13) = moka ot

ret os fh morsa is wi op Yu wh te
loe pssags and wih he wos bug ne Use ot
Engh paper

¡cate in Advanced
English quiz

Certi

À How wetldo you know the CAE exam?

‘See how many ofthese questions you can answer
and then check to se if you were Fight

1 How many papers are ther in the CAE
exam? What ench ne called?

2 How long ds each paper lst?
3, How many marks Is each paper wort?

4 Do youhave to got a pass mark inal the
papers?

5 Can you make notes on the question paper?
Are ou allowed to sea dictionary?

7. When should you write in pen and when in
ponen?

8. In what onder shou you do the tasks in.
Paper 12

9° Hom long do you get to answer each part in
Papers Sand a?

10 How many questions do you answer in
Paper

11 What happens if you write to many words
in Paper 2?

12 How many parts ae thore in Papers? What
ls each part alld?

13 Can you give alternative answers i you're
not sure?

14 Does your spelling always have to be correct

15. How many timos do you hear each listening

16 How long do you have to copy your answers
fon tothe markahset at the end of the
Ustening paper?

17 real parts of the speaking paper assssed?

18. Are ou ln competition with your partner in
‘the speaking paper?

19. How long st before you gt your resul?

20 What information do you gt on athe
result spb) your eertifleat?

u

Paper 5 Speaking tasks

Unit 3 Speaking: language of possibility and speculation
Exercise 4, p.37

Unit 4 Speaking: Parts 3 and 4

Exercise 1.5, p.43

Unit 5 Speaking: agreeing and adding information (Parts 3 and 4)
Exercise 2, p.59

Unit 6 Exam focus: Paper 5 Speaking: collaborative task
discussion (Parts 3 and 4)

Exercises 1 and 2, p.71

+ How do these things reflect changes in family life?
Which picture best shows the biggest impact on family te?

Unit 7 Speaking 1: two-way conversation (Part 3)
Exercise 2, p.81

Unit 6 Exam focus: Paper 5 Speaking:

(Parts 3 and 4) in
Exercise 2, p.71 s
Student A (interlocutor) 1

Part 3 (collaborative task)
Say to Students Band C

Fike you to tak about
cure sh rent things that can have an im
On family He. st, talk to each other about Y
And negative impact on fam fe 1
rer Then deci which pure
pact on family ite today. Al ight?”
After about three minutes, say Thank you" and stop the

Unit 9 Speaking 2: individual long turn (Part 2)
Exercise 4, p.111

Par à (discussion)
collaborative task/discussion Ask Students Band C some of these

any order

wnat do you
people t ea

estan
(odo ths?

? What
important it fr ps
fr ther hie

Unit 13 Speaking: discussion (Parts 3 and 4)
Exercise 1, p-158

CAE GOLD PLUS COURSEBOOK 2008

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