Cage system of poultry housing ,types and advantages.pptx

its about cage system of chicken rearing

1. Cage system of poultry housing. Ptd by: Basavaraj S Dharamatti Jr.MVSc Dept of LPM.

2. Introduction Poultry can be housed under different systems based on following factors, Availability of land. Cost of land. Type of farming activity. Climatic condition. Labour availability.

3. P oultry housing systems are classified into three systems : Free range or extensive system. Semi-intensive system. Intensive system.

4. Intensive system Deep-litter system. Slatted floor system. Slat cum litter system. Cage system.

5. Cage System This system involves rearing of poultry on raised wire netting floor in smaller compartments, called cages, either fitted with stands on floor of house or hanged from the roof.  It has been proved very efficient for laying operations, right from day-old to till disposal.  At present, 75% of commercial layers in the world are kept in cages .

6. Feeders and waterers are attached to cages from outside except nipple waterers , for which pipeline is installed through or above cages.  Auto-operated feeding trolleys and egg collection belts can also be used in this rearing system.  The droppings are either collected in trays underneath cages or on belts or on the floor or deep pit under cages, depending on type of cages.

7. Advantages of cage system Minimum floor space is needed. More number of eggs per hen can be received. Less feed wastage. Better feed efficiency. Protection from internal parasites and soil borne illnesses. Sick and unproductive birds can be easily identified and eliminated. Clean eggs production. Vices like egg eating, pecking is minimal. Broodiness is minimal. No need of litter material. Artificial Insemination (AI) can be adopted.

8. Disadvantages of cage system High initial investment cost . Handling of manure may be problem. Generally, flies become a greater nuisance . The incidence of blood spots in egg is more Problem of cage layer fatigue. (It is a condition, in which laying birds in cages develop lameness.  It may be due to Ca and P deficiency but the exact reason is not known ) In case of broilers, incidence of breast blisters is more, especially when the broilers weight is more than 1.5 kg.

9. Types of cages Based on the number of birds in a cage, it is classified as Single or individual bird cage (Only one bird in a cage ). Multiple bird cage (From 2 to 10 birds, usually 3 or 4 birds per cage ). Colony cages (Holding birds more than 11 per cage ).

10. Based on the number of rows Single-deck Double-deck Triple-deck Four-deck Flat-deck

11. Based on arrangement of cages Stair-step cages. a ) M-type cages. b ) L-type cages. 2 ) Battery cages (Vertical cages ).

12. Based on the type of bird reared. Brooder / chick cages. Grower cages. Layer cages. Breeder cages.

13. Brooder / chick cages. Specifications:    Front feeding length    : 60 inch Front & Back height     : 12 inch Depth                         : 36 inch No . of chicks (0-8 weeks) accommodated per box  : 60

14. Chick cages are arranged either as single deck or double deck system.  The feeders and waterers are arranged on outside.  Now-a-days nipple drinker system is followed from day-old itself. Newspaper may be spread over the cage floor for first 7 or 10 days . Feed is usually provided inside the cage during the first week of age .

15.  Grower cage Specifications: Front feeding length     : 30 inch. Front & Back height     : 15 inch. Depth                         : 18 inch. No . of growers (9 to 18 weeks) accommodated per box    : 10

16. Layer cage Two types of stair-step layer cages are commonly used in open-sided poultry houses Conventional cages. Reverse cages (Californian cages ).

17. Conventional cages Specifications for each box: Front feeding length   : 15 inch. Front height                : 18 inch. Back height                : 15 inch. Depth                         : 18 inch.

18. Reverse cages Specifications for each box: Front feeding length     : 18 inch. Front height                 : 18 inch. Back height                : 15 inch. Depth                         : 15 inch. These cages can hold 3 to 4 birds.  They are arranged either in 2-tier or 3-tier.  A slope of 1/6 is provided in conventional cages, where as in reverse cages the slope Is 1/5.

19. Advantages of reverse cages over conventional cages. More feeding space is available in reverse cages.  So , all 4 birds can take feed at a time, where as in conventional cages , 3 birds can take feed and the other one is waiting at the back . Number of cracked eggs is less due to lesser rolling distance . Better ventilation in reverse cages than conventional cages.

20. Floor space requirement for poultry - layers Age (weeks) Deep litter (ft 2 ) Cages (ft 2 ) 0-8 0.60 0.20 9-18 1.25 0.30 18-72 1.50 0.50

21. Trends in Poultry Cage Systems Enhanced Animal Welfare. Traditional battery cages are being replaced by enriched and colony cage systems that provide more space, perches, nesting areas, and scratching pads . These enhancements allow birds to exhibit natural behaviors, leading to better overall health and reduced stress. The shift towards welfare-oriented cage systems is driven by consumer demand for ethically produced food and stricter animal welfare regulations . By adopting these systems, farmers can ensure higher quality and more humane conditions for their poultry.

22. 2. Automation and Smart Technology . Automated feeding, watering, and egg collection systems reduce labor costs and minimize human error. Additionally, smart sensors and IoT (Internet of Things) technology can monitor environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity, and light levels in real-time . This data-driven approach enables farmers to optimize conditions for bird health and productivity, quickly addressing any issues that arise . The integration of automation and smart technology is enhancing the efficiency and profitability of poultry farms.

23. 3. Modular and Flexible Designs. This trend allows farmers to customize their setups based on specific needs and constraints, whether they are working with limited space or expanding operations. Modular cage systems are easy to assemble, disassemble, and reconfigure, providing scalability and adaptability . Flexible designs also facilitate better waste management and biosecurity, reducing the risk of disease outbreaks.

24. 4. Focus on Sustainability. New designs focus on reducing environmental impact through efficient resource use and waste management. Energy-efficient lighting, water-saving technologies, and renewable energy sources such as solar panels are being integrated into cage systems. Additionally , sustainable materials and practices, such as using recycled materials and reducing greenhouse gas emissions, are becoming standard.

25. 5. Enhanced Biosecurity Measures. Modern cage systems are incorporating advanced biosecurity measures to mitigate risks. These include improved ventilation systems, isolation zones for sick birds, and automated cleaning and disinfection protocols. Enhanced biosecurity also involves better control over human and vehicle movement within the farm to reduce contamination. By prioritizing biosecurity, poultry cage systems help maintain healthy flocks and protect farm productivity.