cannulation and introduction, sizes and site of cannula

cannulation, sizes and site of cannula

1. CANNULATION PRESENTED BY : SONIA DAGAR

2. DEFINITION: Intravenous (IV)  cannulation  is a technique in which a cannula is placed inside a vein to provide venous access. Venous access allows sampling of blood, as well as administration of fluids, medications, parenteral nutrition, chemotherapy, and blood products.

3. INDICATIONS: Intravenous fluid administration Intravenous medications administration Intravenous chemotherapy administration Intravenous nutritional support B lood sampling Intravenous blood or blood products administration Intravenous administration of radiological contrast agents for computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, or nuclear imaging.

4. TYPES AND SIZES OF CANNULA: 16 Gauge (Grey): This size is mostly used in the ICU or surgery areas. This large size enables many different procedures to be performed, such as blood administration, rapid fluid administration, and so forth. 18 Gauge (Green) :  This size allows you to do most tasks that the 16 gauge can, but it large and more painful to the patient. Some of the common uses include administering blood, pushing fluids rapidly, etc. 20 Gauge (Pink) :    This size is better for patients with smaller veins. 22 Gauge (Blue) : This small size is good for when patient’s won’t need an IV long and aren’t critically ill. You  usually  can’t administer blood* due to it’s small size.

5. 5. 24 Gauge (Yellow) :  This size is used for pediatrics and is usually only used as a last resort as an IV in the adult population.

6. BUTERFLY CANNULA: A Butterfly cannula is a device specialized for venipuncture. It is used to access a superficial vein for phlebotomy or IV injections.

7. COMMON SITES OF CANNULIZATION: Cephalic Vein Basilic Vein Median Vein

8. ARTICLES: Gloves Cotton Hand sanitizer IV Cannula Tourniquet Syringe Saline R azer Blade Kidney trey

9. PROCEDURE: Introduce yourself Prepare equipments Hand washing Wear gloves Identify the vein Apply tourniquet Prepare cannula for insertion Stretch the skin distally and tell the patient to expect a sharp scratch .

10. Insert the needle, bevel upwards at about 30 degrees. Advance the needle until you observe blood at the back of the cannula . Once bloods appear, progress the entire cannula a further 2mm, and then fix the needle. Release the tourniquet, apply pressure to the vein at the tip of the cannula and remove the needle fully. Remove the cap from the needle and put this on the end of the cannula . Apply the dressing to the cannula to fix it in place . Fill the syringe with saline and flush it through the cannula to check for patency . Dispose off your gloves and equipment in the clinical waste bin.

11. COMPLICATIONS: Hematoma Infilteration Embolism Phelebitis

12. THANK YOU