caste system_Komol Palma.pptx

The term ‘Caste’ is derived from the Spanish and also Portuguese word ‘Caste’ meaning ‘breed or lineage’. It also signifies race and kindness. The idea of the caste system in ancient India began after the Indus Valley Civilization disappeared and a new people arrived, the Aryans.

1. THE CASTE SYSTEM PRESENTED & PREPARDED BY KOMOL.

2. What is caste system? The caste system is a form of social stratification. What is social stratification? The division of society into different layers or groups.

3. The origin of word caste The term ‘Caste’ is derived from Spanish and also Portuguese word ‘Caste’ meaning ‘ breed or lineage ’. It also signifies race and kind . The idea of the caste system in ancient India began after the Indus Valley Civilization disappeared and a new people arrived, the Aryans.

4. THEY were nomads from the north. They brought with them some new ideas . One of those ideas was Hinduism. Another was the idea of a caste system. The Vedas are the Sanskrit writings that are the earliest sacred texts of Hinduism. The Vedas has suggested the caste system in India.

5. Definition of caste Maciver & Page : ‘‘ When a status is wholly predetermine , so that men are born to their lot without any hope of changing it, then the class takes its extreme form of caste.’’

6. C.H. Cooly : “ When a class somewhat hereditary , we call it caste.” What is the meaning of hereditary? Given to child by its parents before it is born.

7. Theory of caste system A number of theories has been used to explain the origin of caste system but none of the explanations has been able to explain it properly.

8. Here is the list of the names of theories TRADITIONAL THORIES. BRAHMANIACAL THEORY. RACIAL THEORY. OCCUPATIONAL THEORY. KETKAR THEORY. SENART’S THEORY. HUTTOON THEORY.

9. How does a person get membership in a particular caste? The membership of an individual in a case is determined by his/ her birth. An individual’s domestic ceremonies and customs, temple worship,, circle of friends and occupation, all depends upon the level of the caste into which he is born.

10. Caste system in India

11. Brahmin The priestly/intellectual class.

12. This top caste was made up of scholars, priests, teachers, judges, and landowners. Pronunciation :  " BRAH- mihn “ Alternate Spellings:  Brahman, Brahmana

13. A Brahmin is a member of the highest caste or  varna  in Hinduism . Brahmins study the religious texts, such as the  Vedas  and the Puranas , and teach members of other castes about the holy books. Today, the Brahmins comprise about 5% of the total population of India

14. If the shadow of an untouchable touched a Brahmin, he/she would be polluted, so untouchables had to lay face-down at a distance when a Brahmin passed.

15. Kshatriya warriors Rulers

16. Kshatriya It is also spelled   Kshattriya , or  Ksatriya . second highest in ritual status of the four varna s , or social classes, of  Hindu   India , , Traditionally the military or ruling class . The term kshatriya comes from  kshatra .

17. The kshatriya caste constituted an aristocracy but were not always necessarily wealthy. I mplies temporal authority and power which was based less on being a successful leader in battle and more on the tangible power of laying claim to sovereignty over a territory, and symbolizing ownership over clan lands.

18. Vaishyas skilled farmers merchants craftsmen

19. Vaishyas are landowners, traders and money-lenders . Historically, Vaishyas have been involved in roles other than trade and commerce. Vaishyas

20. According to historian  Ram Sharan Sharma , “The Gupta Empire  was a Vaishya dynasty that "may have appeared as a reaction against oppressive rulers.”

21. Shudra U nskilled workers

22. Shudra spelled  Sudra. Sanskrit  Śūdra T he fourth and lowest of the traditional  varna s , or social classes, of India. T raditionally artisans and laborers.

23. Among the Shudras there are also untouchable groups and land owners. The concept of untouchability comes from the belief that certain behavior patterns and occupations are polluting. This concept gives rise to a distinction between “clean” and “unclean” Shudra groups

24. W ashers , tanners, shoemakers, sweepers, and scavengers were once  relegated  to the status of untouchable. some observers have pointed out that many castes claiming Kshatriya and Vaishya status gradually emerged from the Shudra class.

25. Reference RAM AHUJA, INDIAN SOCIAL SYSTEM,…….REPRINTED,2006, JAIPUR AND NEW DELHI, RAWAT PUBLICATION. C.N. SHANKKAR RAO, SOCIOLOGY,…… REPRINT 2015, S. CHAND & CMPANY PVT. LTD, RAM NAGAR, NEW DELHI-110055.

26. https:// www.britannica.com/topic/Shudra Ambedkar , B.R. (1970).  Who were the Shudras   (PDF) . Bombay: Thackers . p. xiv. Madan, Gurmukh Ram (1979).  Western Sociologists on Indian Society: Marx, Spencer, Weber, Durkheim, Pareto . Taylor & Francis. p. 112. ISBN   978-0-71008-782-9 . https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaishya Jump up ^   Kumar Suresh Singh, Amir Hasan, Hasan, Baqr Raza Rizvi, J. C. Das  (2005). People of India: Uttar Pradesh , Voume 42, Part (illustrated ed.). Anthropological Survey of India. p. 66.  ISBN   978-81-73041-14-3 . The Caste System in India (Mr. Dowling)