CBCS Geography Curriculum and Syllabus.pptx

Physical and Chemical Properties of Ocean water. Ocean and Air Interaction, Waves and Tides, Ocean Temperature. Minerals on earth and identification. Rock and Soil Samples.

1. Scheme for the CBCS Curriculum General Course: Core Subjects GEO-G-CC-1-01-TH – Physical Geography GEO-G-CC-1-01-TH – Physical Geography Lab GEO-G-CC-2-02-TH – Environmental Geography GEO-G-CC-2-02-P – Environmental Geography Lab GEO-G-CC-3-03-TH – Human Geography GEO-G-CC-3-03-P– Human Geography Lab GEO-G-CC-4-04-TH – Cartography GEO-G-CC-4-04-P – Cartography Lab General Course: Discipline Specific Electives GEO-G-DSE-A-5-01-TH – Regional Development GEO-G-DSE-A-5-01-P – Regional Development Lab GEO-G-DSE-A-5-02-TH – Geography of Tourism GEO-G-DSE-A-5-02-P – Geography of Tourism Lab GEO-G-DSE-B-6-03-TH – Agricultural Geography GEO-G-DSE-B-6-03-P – Agricultural Geography Lab GEO-G-DSE-B-6-04-TH – Population Geography GEO-G-DSE-B-6-04-P – Population Geography Lab General Course: Skill Enhancement Electives GEO-G-SKC- A -3/4-01-TH – Coastal Management GEO-G-SKC- B- 5/6-02-TH – Rural Development General Course: Core Subject GEO-G-CC-1- 01 -TH/P – Physical Geography GEO-G-CC-2- 02 -TH/P – Environmental Geography GEO-G-CC-3- 03 -TH/P – Human Geography GEO-G-CC-4- 04 -TH/P – Cartography General Course: Choices for Two Discipline Specific Electives GEO-G-DSE- A -5- 01 -TH/P – Regional Development GEO-G-DSE- A- 5- 02 -TH/P – Geography of Tourism GEO-G-DSE- B -6- 03 -TH/P – Agricultural Geography GEO-G-DSE- B -6- 04 -TH/P – Population Geography

2. Course Type Total Papers Credits Theory + Practical G-CC Core Course: Geography and two other disciplines 12 12 ×4 = 48 12 ×2 = 24 G-DSE Discipline Specific Electives: Geography and two other disciplines 6 6 ×4 = 24 6 ×2 = 12 AECC Ability Enhancement Course 2 2×2 = 04 G-SEC Skill Enhancement Course : From geography and /or other disciplines 4 4 ×2 = 08 Total 24 120 C redit Distribution across Courses: General Course *Tutorials of 1 Credit will be conducted in case there is no practical component

3. Type of Course Marks Number of Periods Duration of Periods Theory (TH) 60 60 (1 period per 1 mark) 40~45 minutes Practical (P) 30 60 (2 periods per 1 mark) 40~45 minutes Suggested Mark-wise Class Distribution (apart from SECs)

4. Semester Course Type Paper Code and Name Credits Marks Distribution Marks per question type Full Marks Attendance Internal Assessment Theoretical Exam Practical Exam MCQ Long-Answer Type Written Viva Voce I Marks: 400 Credits: 20 Ability Enhancement Compulsory Course - I AECC-1-Communicative English /Modern Indian Language 2 100 Core course - I GEO-G-CC-1- 01 -TH – Physical Geography 4 70 10 10 50 — — 20 30 GEO-G-CC-1- 01 -P – Physical Geography Lab 2 30 — — — 25 5 — 20 Core course -A1 TBD-TH 4/5 75/85 TBD-P/T 2/1 30/15 Core course - B1 TBD-TH 4/5 75/85 TBD-P/T 2/1 30/15 II Marks: 400 Credits: 20 Ability Enhancement Compulsory Course -II AECC-2-Environmental Science 2 100 Core course - II GEO-G-CC-2- 02 -TH Environmental Geography 4 70 10 10 50 — — 2 30 GEO-G-CC-2- 02 -P Environmental Geography Lab 2 30 — — — 25 5 — 20 Core course - A2 TBD-TH 4/5 75/85 TBD-P/T 2/1 30/15 Core course - B2 TBD-TH 4/5 75/85 TBD-P/T 2/1 30/15 Credits and Marks Distribution Scheme for CBCS Curriculum: General Course

5. GEOTECTONICS UNIT 1 GEO-G-CC-1-01-TH-Physical Geography

6. GEOTECTONICS

7. GEOTECTONICS

8. GEOMORPHOLOGY UNIT 2

9. GEOMORPHOLOGY

10. GEOMORPHOLOGY

11. Definition of hydrology; global hydrological cycle (1class) Global hydrological cycle – phases – land, ocean, atmosphere (storages) Fluxes/Flows/Processes – precipitation, interception, evapo -transpiration, infiltration, runoff Inputs to and outputs from different phases (with the help of a schematic diagram) : Land – inputs : precipitation, output : evapo -transpiration; runoff Ocean – inputs: precipitation; runoff, output : evapo -transpiration Atmosphere – input: evapo -transpiration, output : precipitation Explanation of the pathway/cycle of water with the help of the diagram. Mention Factors : Source of energy, Properties of water, Structure of the natural reservoirs and conduits (1class) Physical and biological roles: Physical role Biological role Unit III: Hydrology 7. Global hydrological cycle: Its physical and biological role [ 2 classes ]

12. Definition of total runoff; overland flow ; runoff components – surface, sub-surface, groundwater (1 class) Controlling factors : Climatic and Physiographic ( 2 classes ) Climatic – precipitation, interception, evapo -transpiration Physiographic – basin characteristics, channel characteristics Concept of ecological flow (for short note) (1 class) 8. Run off: controlling factors. Concept of ecological flow [ 4 Classes ] 9 . Drainage basin as a hydrological unit. Principles of watershed management [ 3 Classes ] Concept of drainage basin and watershed (1 class) Drainage basin as hydrological unit Meaning and Objectives of watershed management (1 class) Watershed management principles Benefits of a watershed approach Watershed management programmes (1 class) Water Resources Development Plan Mention : Watershed Management Programmes in India : DPAP, DDP, Integrated Wasteland Development Programme (IWDP), National Watershed Development Projects for Rainfed Areas (NWDPRA), Control of Shifting Cultivation, Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP) Watershed Management Practices including rainwater harvesting http://www.epa.gov/watertrain , www.yourarticlelibrary.com/watershed-management/watershed-management.../77309 Watershed Development in India an Approach Evolving Through Experience. Jim Smyle , Crispino Lobo, Grant Milne, and Melissa Williams. Agriculture And Environmental Services Discussion Paper 04, March 2014 , World Bank. www.indiawaterportal.org/.../watershed-development- india -learning-through- experien ., agricoop.nic.in/sites/default/files/WSDGuidelinesfinalversion13-2-08.pdf

13. Unit-IV: Oceanography 10. Physical and chemical properties of ocean water. Distribution and determinants of temperature and salinity [ 5 classes ] Physical properties – temperature, density, salinity (only concept and halocline), light in water, water colour , sound in ocean. Concept of TS-Diagram. Chemical properties – components of salinity, dissolved gases, acid-base balance (2 classes) Distribution of temperature of ocean water – factors, sea surface temperature, horizontal temperature distribution, vertical temperature distribution (2 classes) Origin of salts in sea. Factors controlling salinity. Distribution of salinity of ocean - Latitudinal and regional (not ocean wise); Vertical salinity distribution. (1 class) 11. Overview of air-sea interactions. Ocean circulation, wave and tide [ 7 classes ] Atmosphere and ocean one interdependent system Solar energy creates winds - winds drive surface ocean currents and waves Uneven solar heating – loss in high latitudes gain in low latitude- planetary winds and ocean currents. Water vapour in warm air and cold air. Water vapour and density of air. Coastal winds – land breeze and sea breeze Warm oceans and hurricanes Sea ice and albedo Ocean’s role in reducing atmospheric CO 2 , global warming Upwelling, Concept of ENSO phenomenon (4 classes)

14. X. Waves (2 classes) Definition (wind waves and tsunami); crest, trough, wave height, wavelength, frequency, wave period Wind wave causing factors (wind speed, duration, fetch,), Tsunami and causing factors XI. Tides (1 class) Definition Tide forming factors (gravitational force and centrifugal force) Types - high tide, low tide, diurnal, semi-diurnal, mixed tides , spring tide, neap tide, perigean and apogean tides Chapter 6: Air-sea interaction - UCLA Atmospheric & Oceanic Sciences people.atmos.ucla.edu/ cdong /Lect_07_Chap_06.ppt 12. Marine resources: Classification and sustainable utilization [ 3 classes ] Definition of resources and marine resources ( 1 class) Classification of marine resources ( 1 class) Biotic Abiotic Sustainable utilization ( 1 class)

15. GEO-G-CC-1-01-P – Physical Geography Lab 30 Marks / 2 Credits (60 classes) Megascopic identification of mineral samples: Bauxite, calcite, chalcopyrite, feldspar, galena, hematite, mica, quartz, talc, tourmaline [ 8 classes ] Giving the definition of minerals and discussing about their identifying characteristics- hardness, lustre , colour , streak etc . ( 1 class ) Giving an idea of metallic and non- metallic minerals. Showing the metallic minerals and discussing their identifying characteristics. ( 1 class ) Showing the non-metallic minerals and giving idea about their identifying characteristics. ( 2 classes ) Revision ( 4 classes ) 2. Megascopic identification of rock samples: Granite, basalt, laterite , limestone, shale, sandstone, conglomerate, slate, phyllite , schist, gneiss, quartzite [ 12 classes ] Giving an idea of classification of rocks into igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic. Discussing the characteristics of these rocks with examples. Categorising the samples according to their mode of origin. ( 2 classes ) Showing the igneous rocks mentioning their identifying characteristics ( 1 class ) Showing the sedimentary and metamorphic rocks mentioning their identifying characteristics ( 4 classes ) Revision ( 5 classes )

16. 3. Extraction of physiographic information from Survey of India 1:50k topographical maps of plateau region: Delineation of drainage basins, construction and interpretation of relief profiles (superimposed, projected and composite), Construction and interpretation of relative relief map [ 20 classes ] General idea of relief and identification of different contour patterns ( 1 class ) Identification and drawing of broad relief features and micro-relief features and interpretation ( 4 classes ) Drawing of superimposed, projected and composite profiles and interpretation ( 4 classes ) Finding out relative relief values, construction of relative map and interpretation ( 4 classes ) Delineation of drainage basins ( 1 class ) Revision ( 6 classes ) 4. Extraction of drainage information from Survey of India topographical maps: Construction and interpretation of drainage density maps, extraction and interpretation of channel features and drainage patterns [ 20 classes ] General idea of main stream , tributary streams, flow direction, channel characteristic features- presence of sandbars, islands, shoals, relative bank heights, channel patterns and interpretation ( 4 classes ) Drainage patterns- Identification, extraction and interpretation ( 3classes ) Calculation of drainage density values and construction of drainage density map ( 3 classes ) Interpretation of drainage density map ( 1 class ) Revision ( 9 classes )

17. Unit I: Climatology   1. Insolation and Heat Budget. Horizontal and vertical distribution of atmospheric temperature and pressure [ 5 classes ] Insolation and Heat Budget ( 2 classes ) Meaning of Insolation Factors influencing insolation Global heat budget Global redistribution of heat Horizontal and vertical distribution of atmospheric temperature and pressure ( 3 classes ) Factors for horizontal distribution of temperature Factors for vertical distribution of temperature Meaning of Isotherm Horizontal temperature zones on Globe with simple diagram Vertical temperature distribution with schematic graph Inversion of Temperature 2. Overview of planetary wind systems. Indian Monsoons: Mechanisms and controls [ 6 classes ] Overview of planetary wind systems. ( 3 classes ) Global pressure belts and Causes of their formation Definition of wind Principle, Direction and Distribution of Planetary wind Classification and location Seasonal shift Tri-cellular model Diagram Impacts GEO-G-CC-2-02- TH – Environmental Geography 60 Marks / 4 Credits (60 classes)

18. Indian Monsoons: Mechanisms and controls ( 3 classes ) Meaning and Characteristics of Monsoon Onset and early development in the Indian subcontinent Peak Period and Withdrawal Erratic nature, ENSO Phenomena Models ( Koteswaram , Monex ) Impacts 3. Atmospheric disturbances: Tropical and temperate cyclones. Thunderstorms [ 7 classes] Tropical Cyclone ( 2 classes ) Definition Distribution (Spatial and seasonal) Different name in different parts of the World (Hurricane, Typhoon, Tornadoes) Formation principle (Intensification and Dissipation) Anatomy (Shape, Eye, Rain-bands, wind velocity, orientation and movement) Simple diagram Impacts (Gusts, downburst, swirl, storm surge, rainfall etc.) Temperate Cyclone ( 2 classes ) Definition and Distribution (Spatial and seasonal) Formation principle (Intensification and Dissipation) Anatomy (Stages, Front and Occlusion, Shape, wind velocity, orientation and movement) Simple diagram Impacts (Associated weather) Comparison between the two Thunderstorm ( 2 classes ) Definition and Distribution Formation and structure Classification Physical Characteristics (Updraft, Downdraft, Downburst, Vertical extent, Turbulence, Movement, Energy etc.) Impacts (Special mention of Norwesters )

19. 4. Overview of global climatic change Greenhouse effect. Ozone depletion [ 5 classes ] Greenhouse effect ( 3 classes ) Concept Main Green House Gasses Sources Impacts Control Ozone depletion ( 2 classes ) Brief description of Ozone layer Importance of Ozone layer Causes of depletion Emphasis on CFC Present position of Ozone holes (Special reference to Antarctic O 3 hole) Ozone hole recovery (Global treaties and policies: Brief description) 5. Scheme of world climatic classification by Köppen [ 2 classes ] Introduction: Brief Introduction for Koppen Symbols and Chart (Latest version) Brief Description Merits and Demerits Relation with vegetation Zonation

20. Unit II: Soil Geography 6. Factors of soil formation [ 4 classes ] Concept and importance of Soil [1] Factors of Soil Formation (Contribution of V.V. Dokuchaev and Jenny) [3] 7. Soil profile development under different climatic conditions [ 6 classes] Development of Horizons Name of Horizons Processes: Eluviation , Illuviation , Leaching Vs Capillary Rise Simple Diagram Profile of Laterite , Podsol and Chernozem 8. Physical properties of soils: Texture, structure, pH, salinity and NPK status [ 6 classes ] Texture ( 2 classes ) Definition Diameter size Factors influencing soil texture Importance Textural Classification and textural triangle Structure ( 1 class ) Definition Structural Classification Factors influencing soil structure Importance Causes for structural damage pH, salinity and NPK status ( 3 classes ) Causes for soil salinization Definition, importance of pH and 14 point scale Control of excessive acidity and alkalinity Definition and concept of soil fertility Importance of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium in soil composition and productivity Manuring in agriculture: preparation of Vermicompost

21. 9. USDA scheme, soil erosion and management [ 4 classes ] USDA classification of soils – Only main Soil Orders Brief Description Profile Characters and Productivity Soil Erosion and Management Concept of soil erosion Processes of soil erosion: Natural and Anthropogenic Causes and effects Erosion Controlling measures and management: adopting proper irrigation and agricultural techniques, uses of vegetation

22. Semester-II Unit III: Biogeography 10. Ecosystem and Biomes. Distribution and characteristics of tropical rainforest; Savannah and hot desert biomes [ 6 classes ] Definition of ecosystem; components; functions (2 classes) Definition of biome; Tropical Rainforest; Savannah and Hot Desert Biomes: (4 classes) Location Climate Soil Natural Vegetation Animals Human Intervention. 11. Plant types, occurrence and ecological adaptations: halophytes, xerophytes, hydrophytes and mesophytes [ 5 classes ] Types and occurrence Ecological adaptations

23. 12. Biodiversity: Types, threats and management with special reference to India [ 4 Classes ] Definition Types – three levels – genetic, species, ecosystem diversity. Threats – habitat loss, overexploitation, invasive alien species, pollution, climate change etc. ( 1 class) Management : (3 classes) patterns of biodiversity change; hotspots, megadiverse countries threat specific management; in-situ and ex-situ conservation Mention : Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD); National biodiversity strategies and action plan (NBSAP); Biological Diversity Act; Biological Diversity Rule; National Biodiversity Authority (NBA); State Biodiversity Boards (SBB); Biodiversity Management Committees (BMC); People’s Biodiversity Register (PBR); Biodiversity Heritage Sites (BHS) web.unep.org/geo/sites/ unep.org.geo /files/documents/geo5_report_c5.pdf National Reports - Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) National Biodiversity Action Plan (NBAP) https://www.cbd.int/reports   PBR Formats - National Biodiversity Authority http://nbaindia.org/uploaded/pdf/PBR%20Format%202013.pdf

24. GEO-G-CC-2-02-P – Environmental Geography Lab 30 Marks / 2 Credits (60 classes) 1.Interpretation of a daily weather map of India (any one): Pre-Monsoon, Monsoon or Post-Monsoon [ 20 classes ] Interpretation and graphical presentation of Histogram, Transect Chart, Zonal Windrose 2. Construction and interpretation of hythergraph , climograph (G. Taylor) and wind rose (seasonal) [ 20 classes ] Climograph Made by Griffith Taylor in first-half of 20th century. • Koeppen used this graph to show the variations in the world climate. • In the graph, the wet-bulb temperature (degree F) is plotted on Y-axis and the relative humidity as monthly average on X- axis. • Twelve points, for each month are plotted in graph with respect to the temperature and relative humidity. • These points are then joined to obtain a 12-sided figure, which is called the climograph of a particular place. Terms used in Climograph RAW – denotes wet-bulb temperature below 40 degree F and relative humidity over 70% • MUGGY – temperature over 60 degree F and RH over 70% • SCORCHING – temperature over 60 degree F and RH less than 40% • KEEN- temperature below 40% F and RH less than 40% Hythergraph Also introduced by Griffith Taylor to show the relationship between temperature and rainfall. • Monthly temperature is plotted on Y-axis and rainfall along X- axis. • The 12 points, each for a month, are marked on the graph and a 12-sided figure is obtaining by joining these points. • This graph is important for comparing the climatic character of different regions. 3. Determination of soil type by ternary diagram textural plotting [ 10 classes ] 4. Preparation of peoples’ biodiversity register [ 10 classes ]

25. Sl. no. Local Name Scientific Name Habitat Characteristics Uses Status 1. Water Hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes Aquatic Perennial aquatic plant native to tropical and sub-tropical countries. They have long, spongy and bulbous stalks. It cannot grow in brackish water. It is an excellent source of biomass. Sometimes the farmers use the dry water hyacinths as fuel. The ashes are used as fertilizer. Common 2. Sacred Basil ( tulsi ) Ocimum basilicum Terrestrial It is a tender plant best known as a medicinal and culinary herb. It is commonly used fresh in cooked recipes. It has fantastic medicinal property to treat cough and cold. The basil plant is treated to be sacred in India because of its association to the Puranas and Vedas. Common 3. Banyan Ficus benghalensis Terrestrial These are trees with aerial roots which mostly reach the ground. These trees have woody trunks. The bark and seeds can be used as tonic to maintain body temperature and treat diabetes. The roots can be used to strengthen teeth and gums by brushing with them Rare 4. Green chilli ( Hari mirch ) Capsicum annum Terrestrial The plant is not  annual  but is a frost tender. In the absence of winter frosts it can survive several seasons and grow into large, shrubby  perennial  herb. The single flowers are off-white (sometimes purplish) color while the stem is densely branched and up to 60 cm (24 inches) tall. The fruit may be green, yellow, orange or red when ripe.  Green chillis provide protection against cancer. They are loaded with antioxidants. Chillis can also protect human body against prostate problems. They have beneficial effects on cardio-vascular system. Common 5. Betel nut Areca catechu Terrestrial It is a medium-sized plant which grows up to a height of 20 meters. The leaves are of long pinnate type with numerous crowded leaflets The areca nut is popular among the Asians especially for its chewing properties. It is slightly intoxicating and addictive in nature. The extract of the nut has anti-depressant properties. Sporadic 6. Lemon Citrus limon Terrestrial The lemon is a small evergreen flowering tree native in Asia. The ellipsoidal yellow fruits are extensively used across the world for its high nutritive value as well as culinary and cleaning purposes. Lemons are a rich source of  vitamin C They contain numerous  phyto -chemicals including   polyphenols ,  terpenes , and  tannins . As with other citrus fruits, they have significant concentrations of  citric acid  (about 47 g/l in juice) Common PREPARATION OF PEOPLE ’ S BIODIVERSITY REGISTER Place: Date: FLORAL DIVERSITY

26. Sl. No. Local Name Scientific Name Habitat Description Special Features Status 1. Green Pigeon Treron Avi -fauna The genus is distributed across  Asia and   Africa . This genus contains 29  species remarkable for their green coloration, hence the common name, which comes from a  carotenoid  pigment in their diet. Green pigeons have diets of various fruit, nuts and seeds. They dwell in trees and occupy a variety of wooded habitats. Members of this genus can be further grouped into species with long tails, medium-length tails, and wedge-shaped tails.  Migratory 2. Goat Capra aegagrus hircus Terrestrial The goat is a member of the family  Bovidae  and is closely related to the  sheep  as both belong to the subfamily of Caprinae . There are over 300 distinct breeds of goat. Goats are one of theoldest domesticated species, and have been used for their milk, meat and skin all over the world. Common 3. Common Toad Bufo melanostictus Both Aquatic and Terrestrial (Amphibian) These can reach up to 15cm in length. Females are normally stouter than males. They have prominent paratoid glands. They are usually green to dusty brown in colour . The common toad usually moves by walking rather slowly or in short shuffling jumps involving all four legs. When attacked, the common toad adopts a characteristic stance, inflating its body and standing with its hindquarters raised and its head lowered. Its chief means of defence lies in the foul tasting secretion that is produced by its paratoid glands and other glands on its skin. This contains toxin called  bufagin  and is enough to deter many predators. Common 4. Hen Gallus gallus domesticus Terrestrial Chickens are  omnivores . In the wild, they often scratch at the soil to search for seeds, insects and even animals as large as  lizards , small snakes or young  mice The hen is a type of  domesticated fowl , a subspecies of the  red jungle fowl . It is one of the most common and widespread  domestic animals across the world. Common 5. White-throated Kingfisher Halcyon smyrnensis Avi -fauna The adult kingfisher has a bright blue back, wings and tail. Its head, shoulders, flanks and lower belly are chestnut, and the throat and breast are white. The flight of the white-throated kingfisher is rapid and direct, the short rounded wings whirring. In flight, large white patches are visible on the blue and black wings. The white-throated kingfisher begins breeding at the onset of the  Monsoons . They have partly migratory character. These birds are sometimes hunted for their bright feathers. Common FAUNAL DIVERSITY

27. PREPARATION OF POPULATION SCAPE OF POST GRADUATE THIRD SEMESTER STUDENTS INVOLVED IN PREPARING PEOPLES’ BIODIVERSITY REGISTER S T U D E N T S By Gender By Religion By Caste By Height and Weight (BMI) Male Female Hindu Muslim Christian Others General SC ST OBC Normal Overweight Obese Underweight A B 12 12 21 03 15 05 03 01 10 10 03 01 Ranges: Underweight: BMI is less than 18.5 Normal weight: BMI is 18.5 to 24.9 Overweight: BMI is 25 to 29.9 Obese: BMI is 30 or more

28. Thank you