Celebrating the Celtic Nations!

1. CELEBRATING the CELTIC NATIONS Hendricks Avenue Elementary Cultural Arts Week 2010 Hendricks Avenue Cultural Arts Week 2010 Music By: Sting & The Chieftains, Mo Ghile Mear

2. The Celts were a proud and honorable people. They were skilled artisans and fierce warriors. They loved music. They loved to boast. And they loved to tell stories . Their culture lives on today in music, story, song, and dance. Get ready for a grand discovery as we Celebrate the vibrant culture of the Celtic Nations!  

3. What is a “Civilization”? A “Civilization” is a group of people that share common language, some form of writing, advanced technology & science and systems of government . The Celts were a large and widespread civilization in ancient Europe. As many as 15 different Celtic groups made up the Ancient Celtic Civilization.

4. When did the Ancient Celts Live? The Celts were tribes of people who lived all over Europe about 2,000 years ago Around 500 BC, the ancient Celts migrated and finally settled in Western Europe

5. The Celtic Nations of Today Scotland Ireland Isle of Man Wales Cornwall {Britain} Brittany {France} The Celtic Nations of Today

6. Who were the Celts? The early Celts didn't leave books behind because they didn't read and write - word of mouth and memory were the Celts' way of recording events. The Greeks and Romans did write about the Celts. They tell us that the Celts lived in tribes, they wore jewelry and loved battle. We have learned most of what we know about the Celts through found objects & structures which have survived over time

7. How the Celts Lived The Clan Clans were large extended family groups that lived and worked together. Everyone in Celtic society belonged to a clan. Clans stuck together. Every member of a clan supported each other. You were part of a clan for life. Clans went back many generations. The Fine The smallest group in the Celtic Clan was the Fine. A fine is a family group that included grandparents and parents and their children, and would include aunts, uncles, cousins and their children. Celtic Communities were made up of Clans & Fines The Celts were loyal to their Clans & Fines

8. People of the Celtic Clan Their Were 3 Types of People in each Clan

9. Celtic Nobles The Noble Men of the Clans were warriors. They spent most of their time training for the next battle. Noble men liked to play fighting games, games of chance, and board games. They also conducted trade for the Clan. Noble Men wore their swords and daggers at all times, for decoration and protection. Celtic Clans were lead by Kings, Queens & Chieftains

10. Celtic Nobles A Celtic Noble woman could own property. She could choose her own husband. Women could become warriors, but few chose to do so. Most women ran the household and raised the children.  Noble women spent a great deal of time on their personal appearance, much of it weaving jewelry into their braids.  Queen Boudica was known as the Bravest Queen Noble Women wore their thick hair in braids decorated with beads. 

11. Artisans Artisans were Highly Respected Artists were Appreciated and Encouraged Celtic Art is full of Patterns, Spirals, Animals and Color Artisans made Colorful Jewelry, Fabrics, Pottery, &Instruments

12. 3 Things that make a Bard... Bards Bards were Wandering Singers, Storytellers, and Poets It was the Job of the Bards to Learn the Celts History, Stories and Legends & then Recite them to the People! Playing of the Harp Knowledge of Ancient Folklore Delivery of Poetic Drama

13. Druids The Druids were the Teachers, the Doctors, and the Lawyers in Celtic Society The Druids had their own Universities To become a Druid, you had to Study with the Druids for at Least Twenty Years! The Celtic People went to the Druids for Everything Druids were Members of a Clan like Everyone Else ~They were Highly Respected

14. Celtic Farmers The Men did the hunting, fishing, and the heavy labor on the farm. The women gathered berries and other foods that could be harvested. They cooked, cleaned, sewed, wove cloth, and made pottery. Celtic Farmers were free to come and go as they pleased The Celts invented a reaping machine for harvesting their crops. The reaping machine let them harvest much faster.

15. Celtic Children From an early age, Celtic children were expected to help their parents in the home. Girls were taught how to spin wool and weave cloth, make butter and cheese, cook and make simple pottery. Boys helped in the fields with the animals, and other farm work. Boys and Girls were both taught how to use a Sword & Spear The Nobles sent their children to the tribes Druid for education!

16. Celtic Clothing Celtic men and women wore tunics. A man's tunic stopped at the knees. A woman's was floor length. They were both loosely gathered at the waist with a belt.  Men and women wore shawls over their tunics, wrapped loosely around their shoulders. Wool was used to make warm pants and cloaks . The Celts wore leather sandals and decorated themselves with arms bands, bracelets, neckbands, lots of rings and heavy belts made of many different materials. The ancient Celts loved C O L O R The Celts used huge looms to weave richly dyed wool in colorful patterns, later called Tartans.

17. Celtic Tartan Tartan VS. Plaid Tartan is a Pattern Plaid is a Garment "Plaid" actually comes from the Gaelic word for Blanket “Plaide” The Celts often used a Wool Tartan Cloth or Blanket Gathered, Belted or Un-Belted & then Slung over the Shoulder as Garments. This type of Dress has become known as the Kilt! Tartan is a type of Pattern made of Woven Threads which Cross at right Angles Creating Stripes with Varying Widths and Colors

18. Celtic Jewelry The Celts loved jewelry. Ancient Celts made jewelry from many things, including animal horn and bone, feathers, stones, bronze and beads. Both Celtic men and women were fond of wide necklaces made of bronze or iron that were worn like a collar around the neck Called a Torc. Today’s Celts still have a love for Jewelry. The Claddagh is a popular wedding Ring tradition for Brides and Grooms of Celtic descent. the Heart for Love, the Hands for Friendship, and the Crown for Loyalty

19. The Celtic Home The Celts lived in Small Farming Villages A Roundhouse was a big home made of stone, straw & mud. The Celts did not have much furniture. They sat & slept on the floor using furs or mats! The fire was the heart of the Roundhouse. It was in the middle of the home and was used to heat the entire house. The fire was also the stove, where the Celts did all the cooking. The Fire Was Burning 24 hrs a Day

20. the Broch & the Hill Fort The Celts Built Stone or Wooden Forts Surrounded by Earth & Sea for Protection from Enemies Iron Age Broch~ Mousa, Shetland Scotland Iron Age Hill Fort~ Salisbury, England The Broch Built Overlooking the Sea They were Usually 13 - 21 ft Tall Approx. 50 ft Wide on the Inside Their Walls were about 10 ft Thick Hill Forts Built on Hill Tops Fortified by High Sloping Earth Walls Surrounded By Ditches

21. Celtic Language Only Six forms of the Celtic Language have Survived The Earliest Celtic Groups all Spoke Slightly Different forms of Celtic Language Scottish Gaelic ~ Scotland “Sgoil” Irish Gaelic ~ Ireland “Scoil” Welsh ~ Wales “Ysgol” Manx ~ Isle of Man “Scoill” Cornish ~ Cornwall “Scol” Breton ~ Brittany “Skol” Say “School” in Celtic!

22. Iron Age Celts The Celts were Skilled Metalworkers. Iron Ore was Plentiful During the Ancient Celts Time. They Used this Iron to Make Many Things! The Celts Invented Chain Mail Chain Mail is a Type of Armor Made of Thousands of Connected Metal Rings Chariot Wheels Horse Shoes Farming Tools Weapons Jewelry Mining Tools

23. Celtic Music Music was very Important to the Ancient Celts. Each night, as they sat around the Campfire, they Sang Songs & Played Music on Instruments They Made . Celtic Instruments included Flutes, Whistles, Bagpipes, the Celtic Harp, a drum called the “Bodhran” and the Fiddle. The tradition of Celtic Music has Endured and it’s Influence can be seen in Many types of Today’s Music ! Folk The Clancy Brothers Soft Rock Bee Gees Pop Rock U2 Punk The Pogues Celtic Rock Flogging Molly Classic Rock Van Morrison Alternative The Cranberries Hip Hop House of Pain

24. Celtic Folklore The Celts Love to Tell Stories! Stories Run Deep in Every Celtic Home Weather it’s a Tale of Events or “Mythical” Fairies, the Yarn is Woven Well! You have Your Kings & Queens of Old, Brave Warriors Man and Woman alike, Giants and Dragons, Leprechauns & Fairies , the Wee folk & the Good folk, the Howling Banshees & Monsters in the Lake. The Stories have been and will be Evermore. Take the Time to Discover Celtic Stories, Visit your Local San Marco Library! (A Celtic Book List is Available)

25. Today’s Celtic Nations! Flags, Facts & Fun Stuff!! Each Celtic Nation has it’s own Unique Culture and Traditions worth Celebrating Discover the Modern Celtic Culture of Ireland, Scotland, Wales, Isle of Man, Cornwall & Brittany

26. Ireland Irish Flag Green for Catholics Orange for Protestants White for Peace Between them Kiss the Blarney Stone & Get the Gift of the Gab! The Capital City is Dublin The Shamrock is a Symbol of Ireland Ireland has Two official Languages English & Gaelic (Irish) Ireland usually has 200 Rainy Days a Year! Irish Wolfhound is the Tallest Dog Breed Gaelic Football is the Most Popular Sport in Ireland

27. Scotland Flag of Scotland Saint Andrew's Cross or The Saltire Scotland's Capitol is Edinburgh Scotland is Part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain The Thistle is a Symbol of Scotland Scotland has over 790 islands! “Golf” Began in Scotland Monster or Myth? Scottish Terriers Originated in the Highlands of Scotland

28. The Famous Welsh Corgi! Wales The People of Wales are known as “Welsh ” The Capital of Wales is Cardiff The People of Wales Speak English & Welsh The Welsh word for Wales is “Cymru” Rugby is the National Sport of Wales Flag of Wales Red Dragon of Cadwaladr “Tudor” Colors Green & White Daffodil is the Flower of Wales

29. Isle of Man The Capital is Douglas Manx Gaelic is their Native Language The People of The Isle of Man are Know as “Manx” “Whithersoever you Throw it, It will Stand” Isle of man T.T. Race is Know World Wide Isle of Man Flag “Triskelion” Made of Three Armored Legs with Golden Spurs. “The Legs of Man” The Tail Less Manx Cat! Celtic “Triskelion” Spiral Pattern

30. Cornwall Country Motto “Onen hag oll “ (Cornish) Means: “One and all” Flag of Cornwall Saint Piran’s Cross Piran is the Patron Saint of Tin-Miners It is Believed He Discovered a “White Metal in the Black Ashe of Fire!” The People of Cornwall are Know as “Cornish” Surfing is a Favorite Pastime in Cornwall! Truro is the Only City in Cornwall Cornwall is a Peninsula, Just like Florida! “Cornish” is an Ancient Celtic Language “Piskies” & “Knockers” The Wee Good People of Cornish Folklore

31. Brittany Brittany is called “Breizh” in the Breton Language. Breton is a Celtic Language Similar to Welsh and Cornish Flag of Brittany Gwenn-ha-du Means White & Black in Breton Brittany has it’s own Spaniel! Sailing is Brittany’s Favorite Water Sport Brittany’s CARNAC Megaliths are over 1 Mile Long The Capital City is Rennes Brittany is Known as the “Bretagne Region” of France The Crêpe Originated in Brittany

32. Thank You! I hope you have Enjoyed your Celtic Experience! Rebecca Kneale Cultural Arts PTA Chair Did you Pay Close Attention?! The Answers to the Celtic Nations Quiz can all be Found in this Presentation! Do your Best & You could WIN $50.00

33. Sources Life of the Ancient Celts By: Hazel Richardson What do we know about the Celts? By: Hazel Mary Martell Step into the Celtic World By: Fiona Macdonald Ireland, A Primary Source Guide By: Elizabeth Rose A Visit to Scotland By: Chris Oxlade & Anita Ganeri A Visit to Wales By: Chris Oxlade & Anita Ganeri Discovering Great Britain By: Philip Steele Facts About Countries, France By: Celia Tidmarsh mrdonn.org, Iron Age Celts for Kids BBC Wales Education – Iron Age Celts Wikipedia Clip art, Phillip Martin Thank You!