CHAP 4 Principles of Islamic Educational Administration.pptx

the islamic prepective of educational leadership

1. The Islamic Perspectives of Educational leadership SOMALI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY DR MOHAMED ABDULLAHI GURE

2. Principles of Islamic Educational Administration

3. CONTENTS Ta'ah (Obedience to Allah) Tawakkul (Trust in Allah) Muraqabah (Supervision) JUSTICE Amanah (responsibility)

4. Introduction The most significant principles of educational administration, can be deduced from basic Islamic sources, namely the Holy Quran and Sunnah in addition to giving various practical examples from the Islamic heritage.

5. Ta'ah (Obedience to Allah) Obedience to Allah is one's deepest feelings of His greatness, submission to His order , devotion to His laws and for His sake.; As a matter of fact, the main aim of a Muslim in this life in general, is to attain Allah's pleasure ( ridhd ) through obedience. Hence, a Muslim administrator should look at his administrative duty as a means to attain the pleasure of Allah . It is important duty of the administrator to emphasize and clarify the importance of obedience to Allah to his staff .

6. Muslim's life on earth must be completely to seek the pleasure of Allah and to devote to His worship in accordance to the verse : "I have only created Jinns and men, that they may serve Me". W orshiping not only to pray, fast , but includes many other aspects of life such as: eating, sleeping, studying, earning money . This will only be rewarded as worship if the intention is purely for the sake of Allah . Allah says: "And say: Work (Righteousness): soon will Allah observe your work, and His messenger, and the Believers"

7. In the context of Somalia’s educational challenges, how can a Muslim administrator in a public or private school inspire staff to view their administrative and teaching duties as acts of worship and obedience to Allah , particularly in a system where resources are scarce and challenges are numerous?

8. Tawakkul (Trust in Allah) "Tawakkul (trust) is the reliance of the heart on, and its confidence in Allah". 'Tawakkul is the belief of the heart in the power, wisdom and justice of Allah and that all ends are on his disposal (removal)". A Muslim administrator rely on ordinary material means in the process of planning , he consciously make decisions to the best of the institution, guided by the framework of Islamic teachings, and putting full trust in Allah.

9. A Muslim administrator clearly understands the heaviness of the administrative duty and responsibility he/she is entrusted with. Therefore, tawakkul in administration is essential. "من وكل إلى نفسه فقد وكل إلى عجز" Translation: "Whoever is entrusted to himself (without relying on Allah), is entrusted to inadequacy."

10. This saying highlights the importance of trusting in Allah and not relying solely on one's own abilities or means. It emphasizes that when one depends only on themselves, they may face limitations and weakness, whereas reliance on Allah brings strength and success. This saying is attributed to the second Caliph of Islam,  Umar ibn al-Khattab  ( رضي الله عنه). He often emphasized reliance on Allah ( tawakkul ) and warned against trusting solely in one's own abilities without seeking divine assistance.

11. Tawakkul comes after planning and determination to carry out all the set objectives: "Then, when thou has taken a decision, put thy trust in Allah. For Allah loves those who put their trust (in Him)".

12. Tawakkul is a source of support, which should make an individual feel that Allah is always with him/her . This trust in Allah will make him/her confident and calm. It is the proper way to reinforce spirit with practice and to continue the tie with Allah, making it far high over purely materialistic objectives.

13. In Somalia's educational institutions, where leaders often face limited funding, overcrowded classrooms, and lack of governmental support, how can a school administrator balance using practical strategies to improve the institution’s performance while maintaining full reliance on Allah ( tawakkul )?

14. Muraqabah (Supervision) Supervision is the innermost feelings that one gets from respecting the fact that the Almighty Allah is Ever seeing, Ever watching and have His eyes on a person at all time and place . Hence, the work done by anybody is observed by Allah and this instills the feelings to do righteous things in accordance with His laws.

15. It ought to be understood that the work duty of a Muslim administrator is a religious duty . Therefore, the effective Muslim educational administrator is one who is aware that Allah watches over him/her at all time .

16. The Prophet clarified the meaning of divine supervision , when he was asked about the meaning of Ihsan. He said: "Ihsan is to worship Allah as if you see Him, and if you do not see Him, know that He sees you". It is thus obligatory upon every Muslim to be Allah-conscious , in any activity, and perform the work he is entrusted with perfectly

17. Discussion Question: Given the difficult working conditions many educational administrators face in Somalia, such as dealing with unqualified teachers and limited infrastructure, how does the concept of muraqabah (divine supervision) help administrators maintain accountability and ensure ethical leadership, even when external oversight is weak?

18. JUSTICE In Islamic worldview, justice denotes placing things in their rightful place. It also means giving others equal treatment . Justice is close to equality in the sense that is creates a state of equilibrium in the distribution of rights and duties, but they are not identical . Sometimes, justice is achieved through inequality , like in unequal distribution of wealth.

19. The Prophet of islam declared : “There are seven categories of people whom God will shelter under shade on the day when there will be no shade except His. (One is leader who is just) The performance of administrative duty requires a good rapport with regard to different groups of workers The success of this relationship is largely dependent on the principle of justice.

20. Story of Rasulullah S.A.W : The prophet was arranging the Muslims into rows in preparation for Battle of Badr , he accidentally pricked the stomach of Sawadah , one of the companions, with his sword. Sawadah felt painful and complained to the prophet of his action, implying a request for retaliation . The prophet exposed his stomach and beckoned Sawadah to retaliate in order to demonstrate the principle of justice .

21. Another story, when Umar Ibn al-Khattab learned that his governor in Egypt had abused the powe r rested on him, by unjustly beating and Egyptian with a stick, he summoned the governor to Madinah. He then ordered the Egyptian man to retaliate . The Egyptian bet the governor until he felt the pain

22. From view of the Quran, justice is an obligation of Islam injustice is forbidden. “We sent Our Messengers with clear signs and sent down with them the Book and the Measure in order to establish justice among the people…” (Quran 57:25) The phrase “our Messengers” shows that justice has been the goal of revelation and scriptures sent to humanity.

23. Discussion Question: In Somalia, where there are significant disparities between private and public schools, how can educational leaders ensure justice in their decision-making, especially when dealing with underpaid teachers, overcrowded classrooms, and unequal access to resources?

24. Amanah (responsibility) “Amanah” is being honest and sincere in doing things (worship) and safe from doing prohibited things by Allah. Responsibility is "the duty of using power and authority in an appropriate way in the pursuit of objectives given by others in the authority ".

25. It is a great responsibility placed on the shoulders Muslim administrators. Responsibility in Islam is the feeling of the administrator that he is responsible before people in the life and before Allah in the Hereafter. Responsibility could be considered as one of the fundamentals and essential principles of educational administration

26. According to Qur’an: - Allah says: "It is He Who hath made you the inheritors of the earth" this was the first trust from Allah. Being a vicegerent of Allah is a great responsibility. Ali Abdul-Kadir states that " this trust was nothing more than responsibility that man decided to undertake because of his freedom of choice and his faculty of intellect’ .

27. Allah says: "O ye that believe betray not the trust of Allah and the Messenger, nor misappropriate knowingly things entrusted to you" ياايها الذين امنو لا تخونو الله والرسول وتخونو اماناتكم وانت تعلمون Hadeeth described the person who breaks promises and betrays trusts as a hypocrite : “A hypocrite is known by three traits : When he speaks, he lies; when he promises, he reneges; when he is entrusted, he cheats (embezzles).”

28. Implications: The moral character is important element that the administrator: Should be kind and sincere to all the member or organization. Should practice “Amanah” in taking care of the other peoples’ secrets, behave well and keep promises .

29. As administrators should aim at getting Allah’s bless similar to all other activities in his life, and thus his job will be considered as a kind of Ibadah. The members of organization should practice “ Amanah ” in doing the task that assigned to them and responsible to inform the leader if there is any behavior which contradict the rules, regulation and shariah.

30. Discussion Question: Considering the weight of responsibility placed on educational leaders in Somalia, how can an administrator ensure they are fulfilling their amanah (responsibility) towards both staff and students, particularly in a context where resources are limited, and challenges such as insecurity and instability are prevalent?