Chapter 6 Ethics Outside Religion GE Ethics BSEdMath1B.pptx

this ppt is for students who's not able to create a ppt this lesson is focus on ETHICS OUTSIDE RELIGION

1. CHAPTER 6: ETHICS OUTSIDE RELIGION

2. Objectives: at the end of the presentation the student sould be able to understand the following: The Possibility of Ethics Outside Religion Expert guides on moral or spiritual concerns Philosophers who Develop Ethical Theories with an Explicit Slant Against Religion Proponents of an Irreligious Ehtical Theory

3. The Possibility of Ethics Outside Religion Caniadian philosopher Charles Taylor describe the phenomenon as secularism , a consequence not so mush of decline of religion but the appearance of other alternatives that compete with religion for recognition and populatarity.

4. Expert guides on moral or spiritual concerns Earlier Times Priests Pastors Today Radio Jocks Television Host Blog or an online video post Self help books New age meditation guide

5. Ethics Outside Religion Secular Age -it has become necessary to consider how people think and do in ethics, given the altered role of religion in today’s environment. Ethics outside religion may be constructed not as an attempt to discredit religion but to expand our understanding of ethics.

6. Philosophers who Develop Ethical Theories with an Explicit Slant Against Religion

7. David Hume He gives a sweeping argument that we are never justified in believing testimony that a miracle has occured, because the evidence for uniform aws of nature will always be stronger. he also defend what is now called “the Problem of Evil”

8. Karl Marx stated that “Religion is the sign of the oppresses creature, the heartheart of heartless world, and the soul of sloulless condition. It is opium of the people”

9. Sigmund Freud In his book “New Introductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis(1933)” he states that “ Religion is an illusion and it derives its strength from the fact that it falls in with our instinctual desires ” In “The Future of an Illusion” Freud wrotes that “ Religion is comparable to a childhood neurosis ” “Moses and Monotheism” he suggested that “ Religion is an attempts to assign to get control over the sensory world ”

10. Friedrich Nietzche stated that “God is dead” Philosophy had shown that governments no longer needed to be organized around the idea of divine right to be legitimate, but rather the consent or rationality to governed- that moral theories could exist without reference to good.

11. Proponents of an Irreligious Ehtical Theory

12. Aristotle Virtue of Ethics he wrote the Nicromachean Ethics , Aristotle suggested the possibility of an ethics built around the formation of charater through the acquisition and pratice of virtues

13. Aristotle Virtue of Ethics Aristotle posited four things about virtue: one must exercise reason in determining virtue virtue is found in the middle of two extremes virtue must be practice repeatedly virtue is needed in achieving the purpose in human life ( eudaimonia )

14. Aristotle Virtue of Ethics A person who truly possesses the virtue of courage is: someone who acts neither without fear ( rashness ) nor with absolute fear ( cowardice )

15. Aristotle Virtue of Ethics Constancy and excellence to be constant is to commit oneself to a worthy undertaking repeatedly to be excellent means to strive towards an ever improving degree of perfection in doing a particular activity both c onstancy and excellence are require for individual to acheive the purpose( telos )

16. Aristotle Virtue of Ethics Happiness or eudaimonia happiness is the ultimate purpose of life happiness as the fulfillment of human life happiness is the chief purpose of human life

17. Ethics Beyond Religion articulate religion outside ethics the realm of religion is aimed not to set religion aside but to expand alternative modes if ethical discourse. Aristotelian ethics provides an alternative the availability of ethics out side religion also improves understanding of ethics as a tool of critique

18. Key Points Religion is an important norm of ethics but is not an exclusive basis Certain daficiencies coming from specific religious beliefs or practices lead some thinkers to propose the absolute seperation between ethics and relgion Ethics outside religion can be either anti- religious or irreligious Irreligious ethics, of which Aristotle’s ethics is an example maintains an open attiudes towards religon; it is neither biased for nor against it.

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