Characteristics of Phylum Platyhelminthes (Flatworm)

Introduction to Flatworms

1. Phylum Platyhelminthes (Flatworms) Lesson 1: Characteristics of Flatworms MRS. JASMEN S. PASIA, LPT, RMT, MSMT Faculty, MLS Department San Pedro College

2. With focused engagement of the students in this lesson, they are expected to: describe the characteristics of Phylum Platyhelminthes differentiate Class Cestoda from Class Trematoda identify the medically important tapeworms explain the function of each part of the tapeworm Learning Outcomes

3. collectively called the FLATWORMS dorsoventrally flattened, bilaterally symmetrical they are covered by a membrane called tegument they are hermaphrodite, except for Schistosoma species Phylum Platyhelminthes

4. 4 Classes: Turbellaria Monogenea Cestoda Trematoda Phylum Platyhelminthes

5. CESTODES

6. T aenia spe c ies (example) ‏ A dult worms are seen in the intestine P roglottids contain male and female parts E ggs have 6 hooked embryos W orld-wide distribution n O respiratory, vascular, or digestive system  R ibbon-like body, flat M iddle (intermediate host is required) ‏ Phylum Platyhelminthes

7. A. Order Pseudophyllidea Diphyllobothrium latum Spirometra : S. erinacei ; S. ranarum , S. mansoni B. Order Cyclophyllidea Taenia solium and Taenia saginata Hymenolepis nana and Hymenolepis diminuta Dipylidium caninum Raillietina garrisoni Echinococcus granulosus Echinococcus multilocularis Class Cestoda

8. immature proglottids mature proglottids gravid proglottids scolex neck

9. General Structure of Tapeworms

10. General Anatomy of Tapeworms SAN PEDRO COLLEGE Medical Laboratory Science Department 12 C. Guzman St., Davao City, Philippines

11. Apolysis- normal process of detachment of the gravid proglottid from the adult worm

12. Pseudophyllidean vs. Cyclophyllidean SCOLEX Spatulated with bothria SEGMENTS Genital pores + uterine pores SCOLEX Globular with four muscular suckers SEGMENTS No uterine pore but undergoes apolysis SAN PEDRO COLLEGE Medical Laboratory Science Department 12 C. Guzman St., Davao City, Philippines

13. Pseudophyllidean vs. Cyclophyllidean SAN PEDRO COLLEGE Medical Laboratory Science Department 12 C. Guzman St., Davao City, Philippines EGGS Operculated, Immature, requires aquatic vegetation to develop HOST 2 Intermediate Host EGGS Passed out readily with hexacanth embryo HOST One IH depending on species

14. Life Cycle of Tapeworms SAN PEDRO COLLEGE Medical Laboratory Science Department 12 C. Guzman St., Davao City, Philippines

15. Species of Class Cestoda SAN PEDRO COLLEGE Medical Laboratory Science Department 12 C. Guzman St., Davao City, Philippines Species which require a vertebrate intermediate host Taenia solium (pork tapeworm) ‏ Taenia saginata (beef tapeworm) ‏ Echinococcus granulosus (hydatid worm) ‏ Echinococcus multilocularis (alveolar hydatid word)  

16. Species of Class Cestoda SAN PEDRO COLLEGE Medical Laboratory Science Department 12 C. Guzman St., Davao City, Philippines S pecies which require an invertebrate intermediate host Dipylidium caninum (dog tapeworm, double-pored tapeworm) ‏ Hymenolepis diminuta (rat tapeworm) ‏ Raillietina garrisoni

17. Species of Class Cestoda SAN PEDRO COLLEGE Medical Laboratory Science Department 12 C. Guzman St., Davao City, Philippines Species which may or may not require intermediate host Hymenolepis nana (dwarf tapeworm) 

18. Species of Class Cestoda SAN PEDRO COLLEGE Medical Laboratory Science Department 12 C. Guzman St., Davao City, Philippines Species which infect man in their larval stages Echinococcus granulosus (hydatid worm) ‏ Echinococcus multilocularis Taenia solium Diphyllobothrium latum

19. SAN PEDRO COLLEGE Medical Laboratory Science Department 12 C. Guzman St., Davao City, Philippines Thank you for listening!!! SAN PEDRO COLLEGE Medical Laboratory Science Department 12 C. Guzman St., Davao City, Philippines