4 Chemical, Biological, and Functional Aspects of Food Lipids, Second Edition
Table 1.1
The Formula, Nomenclature, and Names of Representative FA That May Be
Present in Foods
Formula
Notation
a
Acid Name
DiscoveredOmegaDeltaSystematicTrivial
Saturated
C
12H
24O
212:0 12:0 Dodecanoic Laurie 1842
C
14H
28O
214:0 14:0 Tetradecanoic Myristic 1841
C
15H
30O
215:0 15:0 Pentadecanoic — 1926
C
16H
32O
216:0 16:0 Hexadecanoic Palmitic 1816
C
18H
34O
218:0 18:0 Octadecanoic Stearic 1816
Branched-chain
C
15H
29O
2i15:0 i15:0 13-Methyltetradecanoic — 1960
C
15H
29O
2a15:0 a15:0 12-Methyltetradecanoic Sarcinic 1960
C
19H
38O
210-Mel
8:0 10-Mel 8:0 10-Methyloctadecanoic Tuberculostearic 1929
Monounsaturated
C
16H
30O
216:1 ω 7c 16:1 Δ 9c cis-9-Hexadecenoic P almitoleic 1854
C
18H
32O
218:1
ω 7c 18:l Δ 9c cis-9-Octadecenoic Oleic 1815
C
18H
32O
218:1
ω 9c 18:1 Δ 11c cis-11-Octadecenoic Vaccinic 1844
Polyunsaturated
C
18H
30O
218:2 ω 6 18:2 Δ 9,12c cis-9,12-Octadecadienoic α-Linoleic 1844
C
18H
30O
218:2
ω 3 18:2 Δ 12,15c cis-2,15-Octadecadienoic γ-Linoleic 1844
C
18H
28O
218:3
ω 3 18:3 Δ 9,12,15c cis-9,12,15-
Octadecatrienoic
α-Linolenic 1887
C
18H
28O
218:3
ω 5 18:3 Δ 6,9,12c cis-6 ,9,12-Octadecatrienoicγ-Linolenic 1887
C
20H
32O
220:4
ω 6 20:4 Δ 5,8,11,14ccis-5,8,11,14-
Eicosatetraenoic
Arachidonic 1909
C
20H
30O
220:5
ω 3 20:5 Δ 5,8,11,l4,l7ccis-5,8,11,14,17-Eico-
sapentaenoic
Eicosapentaenoic 1948
Oxygenated
C
16H
32O
316-OH16:0 16-OH16:0 16-Hydroxyhexadecanoic Juniperic 1909
C
18H
36O
69,10-OH18:0 9,10-OH18:0 9,10-Hydroxyoctadeeanoic Dihydroxystearic 1925
C
18H
28O
34-O-18:3
ω 5 4-O-18:3 Δ 18,3c 4-keto-9,11,13-
Octadecatrienoic
Licanic 1931
Source: Data compiled from Deuel, H.J. Jr., The Lipids, Their Chemistry and Biochemistry, Volume I: Chemistry,
Interscience Publishers Inc., New York, 1951.
a
The two notation forms displayed are no longer recommended for usage. They are used here to highlight earlier
descriptions of FA that may be encountered elsewhere. The currently recommended IUPAC notation system for FA
(the (n-) notation) is described in Table 1.2.z 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC