childhoood asthma and management of asthma by nursing student

this ppt helps in identifying and knowing about asthma as a nursing student

1. ASTHMA IN CHILDREN Presented By: Kiran Patel Nursing officer Guided by: Dr. Saurabh Sir Dr. Raj Gaurav Sir

2. Asthma Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways that is characterized by hyper responsiveness , mucosal edema and mucus production. It is a chronic lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. This inflammation ultimately leads to recurrent episodes of asthma symptoms cough , chest tightness wheezing and dyspnea. Patients with asthma may experience symptom free periods alternating with acute exacerbations that last from minutes to hours or days.

3. What are some of the factors contributing to the development of asthma?

4. Factors contributing to development of asthma Genetic factors Obesity Smoking mothers Air pollution Modern diets Exposure to allergens Exposure to tobacco smoke

5. CLINICAL FEATURES Cough with or with out mucus production dyspnea and wheezing Asthma attacks frequently occur at night or in the early morning. An asthma exacerbation is frequently preceded by increasing symptoms over days, but it may begin abruptly. Chest tightness and dyspnea occur. Additional symptoms, such as diaphoresis, tachycardia, and a widened pulse pressure, may occur.

6. ASSESSMENT AND DIAGNOSTIC METHOD Family, environment, and occupational history is essential. During acute episodes, sputum and blood test, pulse oximetry, ABGs hypocapnia and respiratory alkalosis, and pulmonary function forced expiratory volume and forced vital capacity decreased tests are preformed.

7. Medical management AVOIDANCE OF TRIGGERS- the patient is instructed to identify and avoid asthma triggers. If triggers cannot be avoided the patient can use bronchodilators before exposure.

8. PHARMACOLOGIC THERAPY There are two classes of medications- long- acting control and quick-relief medications-as well combination products.

9. LONG ACTING CONTROL MEDICATIONS Inhaled corticosteroid medications- fluticasone. Leukotriene modifiers- Montelukast. Long term beta agonists – salmeterol Combination inhalers- fluticasone &salmeterol Cromolyn sodium. Omalizumab.

10. QUICK RELIEF MEDICATIONS Short- acting beta2 - adrenargic agonists- albuterol. Anticholinergics- ipratropium bromide Oral& IV corticosteroids; prednisolone. methylxanthines

11. NON PHARMACOLOGIC INTERVENTIONS .Oxygen therapy .Postural drainage&chest physitherapy . .Coughing & deep breathing exercises . .Relaxation techniques. .Acupuncture.

12. THANK YOU