CHINA Educational system report-Rafaga, Mary Grace C.pptx

report in Comparative Education

1. EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF CHINA Presented by Mary Grace C. Rafaga MAED-EA

2. Structure of the Chinese education system In China, education is divided into three categories: -basic education -higher education and -adult education. By law, each child must have nine years of compulsory education from primary school (six years) to junior secondary education (three years).  

3. BASIC EDUCATION Basic education in China includes pre-school education (usually three years), primary education (six years, usually starting at the age of six) and secondary education (six years). Secondary education has two routes: -Academic secondary education -Specialized/vocational/ technical secondary education .

4. Higher Education Higher education is further divided into two categories: 1) universities that offer four-year or five-year undergraduate degrees to award academic degree qualifications; and 2 ) colleges that offer three-year diploma or certificate courses on both academic and vocational subjects.  Postgraduate and doctoral programmes are only offered at universities

5. Adult E ducation The fundamental aim of adult education is to enable all citizens with the ability to live, work and labor to realize all-round development through developing their personal resources, improving their knowledge and skills and optimizing their personality in accordance with different needs in life, work and learning.

6. Adult E ducation Adult education should fulfill the following tasks: (1) To provide remedial basic education to those citizens who have failed to complete basic education and secondary education;  (2) To offer pre-employment training according to employment needs to help those looking for jobs to meet standards of ideological development, moral cultivation, cultural knowledge, vocational skills and practical ability;  (3) To offer continuous education to specialist professional personnel to help them adapt themselves to rapid social progress and technological development;  (4) To provide varieties of socio-cultural and life education to all citizens to satisfy their increasing spiritual demands; and  (5) To satisfy individuals’ needs for personal development and assist individuals and social groups to seize personal and social opportunities for overcoming future challenges.

7. Term times and school hours The academic year is divided into two terms for all the educational institutions: February to mid-July (six weeks of summer vacation) September to mid/late-January (four weeks of winter vacation ). Primary school pupils spend about seven to eight hours at school . S econdary school student spends about twelve to fourteen hours at school if including lunchtime and evening classes.

8. The Chinese Curriculum What is the National Curriculum in China? The Chinese National Curriculum covers primary, lower secondary and senior secondary school, and is split into eight “learning domains”, which are as follows : Language and Literature Mathematics Natural Science Social Sciences Arts Technology Physical Education  A Practicum ( Specialised Course)

9. Primary School Chinese Curriculum Children studying the primary school Chinese National Curriculum in the bilingual environment at Nord Anglia Chinese International School Shanghai are taught the following subjects: Mathematics Chinese Studies (Language, Literature and Culture) English Language Thematic Learning (Art and Humanities) STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Mathematics) Physical Education (Sports and Swimming) Music

10. Lower and Senior Secondary School Chinese Curriculum Secondary school in China is split into lower and senior levels. Lower secondary school students study towards the Zhongkao senior secondary school entry exam, while senior secondary school students study towards the Huikao senior secondary school graduation exam and Gaokao college entry exam .

11. Lower and Senior Secondary School Chinese Curriculum At Nord Anglia Chinese International School Shanghai, students follow the secondary school Chinese National Curriculum, blended with international curricula, educational philosophy and teaching. Our pupils are taught the following subjects in addition to those studied at primary level: Biology Chemistry Physics A Modern Foreign Language

12. TEACHING METHODOLOGIES

13. The Chinese believe that students learn best by memorising information supplied through repetition and note-taking. Teachers therefore use a systematic approach to planning and delivering information-packed lessons to students who passively receive information. .

14. Why do they used this method? The reasons the teacher-led approach is the favoured Chinese teaching method can largely be attributed to cultural values and beliefs. A Chinese person’s entire educational career centres around success in the notoriously difficult College Entrance Exam ( gaokao ).

15. Gaokao is a comprehensive exam which covers academic knowledge in all high school disciplines including math, Chinese, English, physics, chemistry, biology, history, geography and political science. Math, Chinese and English are required testing subjects nationwide. The Nationwide Unified Examination for Admissions to General Universities and Colleges

16. Assessment and Evaluation Methods in China - Standardised Tests Standardised tests are a cornerstone of the Chinese education system. The most well-known of these is the Gaokao , a rigorous and comprehensive examination that covers a wide range of subjects, including Chinese, Mathematics, and a foreign language, usually English. The Gaokao is often compared to the SAT in the United States, but its stakes are much higher, as it largely determines university admissions . - Classroom-Based Assessments Classroom-based assessments in China are typically more frequent and less formal than standardised tests. They include quizzes, homework assignments, and class participation. These assessments provide teachers with a more nuanced understanding of a student’s progress and can be tailored to individual learning needs.

17. I mpact on students The Chinese assessment and evaluation methods have a profound impact on students, shaping their academic journey and, to some extent, their future careers. The high-stakes nature of tests like the Gaokao can create immense pressure, but it also fosters a  culture of hard work and perseverance .

18. Eduactional Programs for various level of Education Pre-school Education • Ages: 3-6 years • Programs: Kindergartens offer early childhood education focusing on basic social skills, motor skills, and preliminary literacy and numeracy.

19. 2 . Primary Education • Ages: 6-12 years (Grades 1-6) • Programs: -Core subjects: Chinese, Mathematics, Moral Education, Physical Education, Music, Art, and beginning English (in some areas). -The focus is on basic literacy, numeracy, and general knowledge

20. 3. Junior Secondary Education Ages: 12-15 years (Grades 7-9) Programs: -Core subjects: Chinese, Mathematics, English, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Geography, History, and Political Education. -Emphasis on expanding knowledge and critical thinking skills.

21. 3. Junior Secondary Education Ages: 12-15 years (Grades 7-9) Programs: -Core subjects: Chinese, Mathematics, English, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Geography, History, and Political Education. -Emphasis on expanding knowledge and critical thinking skills.

22. 4. Senior Secondary Education Ages : 15-18 years (Grades 10-12) Programs: -General high school education focusing on preparing students for the National College Entrance Examination ( Gaokao ), which determines university admission. Specialized high schools may offer vocational training, arts, sports, or science-focused curricula. -Subjects include Chinese, Mathematics, English, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Geography, History, and Political Education, with students often focusing on either the sciences or humanities.

23. 5. Higher Education Undergraduate Programs Duration : Typically 4 years. Institutions: Universities and colleges offer bachelor’s degrees in a wide range of fields such as science, engineering, humanities, social sciences, business, and medicine. Focus: Academic and professional knowledge with options for research and practical experience. Postgraduate Programs Master’s Degree Duration : Typically 2-3 years. Focus: Advanced knowledge in specialized fields, with a mix of coursework and research. Doctoral Degree Duration : Typically 3-5 years. Focus: Original research contributing new knowledge to a specific field.

24. 6. Adult Education Programs: -Continuing education programs for adults seeking to improve literacy, vocational skills, or professional qualifications. -Night schools, online courses, and part-time study options are available.

25. 7. Vocational Education Secondary Vocational Schools Duration: Typically 3 years. Programs: Technical training in fields such as engineering, agriculture, health care, and services. Tertiary Vocational Education Duration: Typically 2-3 years. Institutions: Higher vocational colleges offer specialized training aimed at practical skills for specific industries.

26. Trends in Education 1.Technology integration 2. STEM learning 3. Vocational, upskilling , and adult education market 4. The overseas Chinese community

27. Thank you very much!