Cholinergic_System_and_Drugs.pptx.aditi v bikkad

Cholinergic systems and drugs for college presentation in forensic medicine. This presentation is for study purpose. This is done to understand the different systems and drugs.

1. Cholinergic System and Drugs Overview of receptors, drugs, and clinical uses Presented by – Aditi Bikkad 07

2. Cholinergic System • Neurotransmitter: Acetylcholine (ACh) • Found in CNS, ANS, Neuromuscular junction • Functions: memory, arousal, parasympathetic actions, muscle contraction

3. Cholinergic Receptors • Muscarinic (M1–M5): G-protein coupled - M1: CNS, gastric secretion - M2: Heart → ↓HR - M3: Smooth muscle, glands • Nicotinic (Nn, Nm): Ligand-gated ion channels - Nn: Autonomic ganglia, adrenal medulla - Nm: Neuromuscular junction

4. Cholinergic Agonists • Direct Acting: - Acetylcholine, Carbachol, Bethanechol, Pilocarpine - Uses: Glaucoma, urinary retention • Indirect Acting (Anticholinesterases): - Neostigmine, Physostigmine, Donepezil - Uses: Myasthenia gravis, Alzheimer’s disease, reversal of NM block

5. Cholinergic Antagonists • Antimuscarinics: - Atropine, Hyoscine, Ipratropium, Tropicamide, Oxybutynin - Uses: Preanesthetic, asthma/COPD, pupil dilation, urinary incontinence • Antinicotinics: - Ganglion blockers: Hexamethonium - Neuromuscular blockers: Tubocurarine, Pancuronium, Succinylcholine - Uses: Muscle relaxation in surgery

6. Cholinesterase Reactivators • Pralidoxime (2-PAM) - Used in organophosphate poisoning - Restores cholinesterase activity

7. Clinical Uses of Cholinergic Drugs • Glaucoma • Myasthenia gravis • Alzheimer’s disease • Reversal of muscle relaxants • Asthma & COPD • Organophosphate poisoning

8. Thank you all.....