Choosing a Study Design Presentation.pptx

A presentation on types of study designs

1. CHOOSING A STUDY DESIGN

2. Fruit Examining, interpreting, and making sense of data to inform decision making Leaves The process of data collection and the instruments used to gather information Trunk Set of techniques and procedures used to investigate a particular field of research Roots Source of our knowledge; how do we know what we know?

3. The inner ring represents ontology , the basic assumptions which the researcher makes about the nature of reality. The second ring represents epistemology , the assumptions about the best ways of inquiring into the nature of the world. The third ring from the center represents methodology , the way research techniques and methods are grouped together to provide a coherent picture. The outer ring represents the individual methods and techniques that are used for data collection and analysis.

4. Testing cause & effect Study without influence

5. Observational Study Design

6. COHORT STUDY A cohort study tracks two or more groups forward from exposure to outcome. To identify incidence and natural history of a disease To examine multiple outcomes after a single exposure As a substitution for an experiment when experimentation is not available

7. CASE-CONTROL STUDY A study that compares patients who have a disease or outcome of interest with patients who do not have the disease or outcome. Good for studying rare conditions or diseases  Less time needed to conduct as the condition has already occurred  Let's you simultaneously look at multiple risk factors  Useful as initial studies to establish an association

8. RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL A study design that randomly assigns participants into an experimental group or a control group. To reduces bias. To approximate a controlled experiment. Statistically efficient

9. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW/ META ANALYSIS A review of a formulated question that uses explicit methods to identify, select, and appraise relevant research, and to collect and assess data from the studies that are included in the review. To establish whether scientific findings are consistent and can be generalized across populations, settings, and treatment variations, or whether findings vary significantly by subsets. Meta-analyses can increase power of estimates of treatment effects and exposure risks

10. Testing cause & effect Study without influence