classical and contemporary theory of educational administration

This short slide presentation helps you gain a deeper understanding of Classical and Contemporary Theories of Educational Administration. The content of this presentation was mostly from different authors.

1. Republic of the Philippines WESTERN PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY Puerto Princesa Campus Puerto Princesa City COLLEGE OF EDUCATION GRADUATE SCHOOL EDUC 301 PHILOSOPHICAL AND ETHICAL FOUNDATION OF EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION Topic: Classical a nd Contemporary Theories of Educational Administration Professor: DR. DAVID R. PEREZ Resource Person: LAY ANN G. MADARCOS Simpokan Elementary School

2. Objectives At the end of the discussion, graduate students should be able to : Define Classical and Contemporary Theories in Educational Administration; Differentiate classical and contemporary theories as applied in our organization and present educational system; Analyze our educational system with classical and contemporary theory as basis; and Cite situations in Philippine Educational System that negates or affirms the two theories .

3. Introduction The classical and contemporary approach prompted the start of a more systematic view of management and attempted to provide some common principles applicable to all organizations . These principles are still of relevance in that they offer a useful starting point in attempting to analyze the effectiveness of the design of organization structure .

4. Conceptual Definition of Terms Management – ( Okumbe 1999) is the process of designing, developing, and effecting organizational objectives and resources as to achieve predetermined organizational goals. Administration – ( Remasay 1999:20) is a generalized type of human behavior found in an organization. Educational Management – application of theory and practice to the field of education. Educational Administration – process of acquiring and allocating resources for the achievement of predetermined educational goals.

5. Classical Theory of E ducational Administration Classical organization theories deals with the formal organization and concepts to increase management efficiency. Scientific Management Approach Bureaucratic Approach Administrative Theory

6. Scientific Management Approach (Taylor) It is based on the concept of planning or work to achieve efficiency, standardization, specialization, and simplification. To increase the level of trust: The advantages of productivity improvement should go to workers; Physical stress and anxiety should be eliminated as much as possible; Capabilities of workers should be develop through trainings; and The traditional “boss” concept should be eliminated.

7. To improve productivity, Taylor developed the following four (4) principles: Science, not rule-of-thumb; Scientific selection of the worker; Management and labour cooperation rather than conflict; and Scientific training of the worker.

8. Bureaucratic Approach (Weber) Considering the organization as a segment of broader society, Weber (1947) based the concept of the formal organization of the following (5) principles : Structure Specialization Predictability and Stability Rationality Democracy

9. Administrative Theory ( Fayol ) It relate to accomplishment of tasks, and include principles of management, the concept of line and staff, committees and functions of management. The elements of administrative theory ( Fayol , 1949 ): Division of work or specialization Authority and responsibility Discipline Unity of command Unity of direction Subordination of individual interest to general interest Remuneration of personnel

10. Centralization Scalar chain Order Equity Stability of tenure of personnel Initiative Esprit de corps The concept of line and staff Committees

11. Classical theory works because it described motivation only as a function of economic rewards.

12. Contemporary Theories of Educational Administration (Modern Theories) Modern theories tend to be based on the concept that the organization is a system which has to adapt to changes in its environment. Characteristic of modern approaches: A systems viewpoint A dynamic process of interaction Multilevelled and multidimensional Descriptive Multivariable Adaptive

13. Classification of Contemporary Theory The S ystems Approach Socio-Technical Theory A Contingency or Situational Approach

14. The Systems Approach Views as a system composed of interconnected – and thus mutually dependent sub-systems. The organization consist of following three basic elements (Bakke, 1959): Components Linking processes Goals of organization

15. Components There are five basic, interdependent parts of the organizing team, namely: The individual The formal and informal organization Patterns of behavior of the individual Role of the individual Physical environment in which individuals work

16. Linking Processes The components in an organization are required to operate in an organized and correlated manner. The interaction between the is contingent upon the linking process which consist of: Communication Balance Decision analysis

17. Goals of Organization The goals of an organization may be growth, stability, and interaction. Interaction implies how best the members of an organization can interact with one another to their mutual advantage.

18. Socio-Technical Approach This approach is based on the premise that every organization consist of people, the technical system and the environment ( Pasmore , 1988). People (the social system) use tools, techniques and knowledge (the technical system) to produce goods or services valued by the consumers or users (who are part of the organization’s external environment). Therefore an equilibrium among the social system, the technical system, and the environment is necessary to make the organization more effective.

19. The Contingency of Situational Approach The situational approach (Lawrence and Lorsch , 1967., et al) is based on the belief that there cannot be universal guidelines which are suitable for all situations. Organizational system are inter-related with the environment. The contingency approach ( Hellriegel and Slocum, 1973) suggest that different environment requires different organizational relationships for optimum effectiveness, taking into consideration various social, legal, political, technical, and economic factors.

20. Implication Understanding of the development of management thinking helps in understanding principles underlying the process of management. These management thoughts laid the foundation for a comprehensive theory of management for modern day administration and management. The application of theory brings about change in actual behaviour . Thus, change brings development in our society which results to the progress of our country.

21. References https://catalogue.pearsoned.co.uk/assets/hip/gb/hip_gb_pearsonhighered/samplechapter/0273757342.pdf http://www.fao.org/docrep/w7503e/w7503e03.htm