Classification of traumatic Injuries to anterior teeth of children

Traumatic Injuries to Anterior Teeth of Children
Copyright by Pediatric Department, UDM

1. 1
Traumatic Injuries to Traumatic Injuries to
anterior teeth of anterior teeth of
childrenchildren
CLASSIFICATIONCLASSIFICATION

2. 2
Classification of Traumatic Injuries to primary & Classification of Traumatic Injuries to primary &
permanent teeth (WHO classification)permanent teeth (WHO classification)
Class 0Class 0
An incomplete fracture An incomplete fracture
of the enamel without of the enamel without
loss of tooth substanceloss of tooth substance
Enamel crackEnamel crack
Enamel crazingEnamel crazing

3. 3
Classification of Traumatic Injuries to primary & Classification of Traumatic Injuries to primary &
permanent teeth (WHO classification)permanent teeth (WHO classification)
Class 1Class 1
A fracture of the enamel A fracture of the enamel
with loss of tooth with loss of tooth
substance not involving substance not involving
the pulpthe pulp
( Enamel fracture )( Enamel fracture )

4. 4
Classification of Traumatic Injuries to primary & Classification of Traumatic Injuries to primary &
permanent teeth (WHO classification)permanent teeth (WHO classification)
Class 2Class 2
Fracture of enamel & Fracture of enamel &
dentine not involving dentine not involving
the pulp.the pulp.

5. 5
Classification of Traumatic Injuries to primary & Classification of Traumatic Injuries to primary &
permanent teeth (WHO classification)permanent teeth (WHO classification)
Class 3Class 3
Fracture of enamel & Fracture of enamel &
dentine exposing the dentine exposing the
pulp.pulp.

6. 6
Classification of Traumatic Injuries to primary & Classification of Traumatic Injuries to primary &
permanent teeth (WHO classification)permanent teeth (WHO classification)

7. 7
Classification of Traumatic Injuries to primary & Classification of Traumatic Injuries to primary &
permanent teeth (WHO classification)permanent teeth (WHO classification)
Class 4Class 4
A fracture involving enamel, A fracture involving enamel,
dentine & cementum without dentine & cementum without
pulp exposure.pulp exposure.

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Classification of Traumatic Injuries to primary & Classification of Traumatic Injuries to primary &
permanent teeth (WHO classification)permanent teeth (WHO classification)
Class 5Class 5
A fracture involving enamel, A fracture involving enamel,
dentine and cementum with dentine and cementum with
pulp exposure. pulp exposure.

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Classification of Traumatic Injuries to primary & Classification of Traumatic Injuries to primary &
permanent teeth (WHO classification)permanent teeth (WHO classification)
Class 6Class 6
Root fracture Root fracture
A fracture involving A fracture involving
cementum, dentine & pulp.cementum, dentine & pulp.

10. 10
Classification of Traumatic Injuries to primary & Classification of Traumatic Injuries to primary &
permanent teeth (WHO classification)permanent teeth (WHO classification)

11. 11
Classification of Traumatic Injuries to primary & Classification of Traumatic Injuries to primary &
permanent teeth (WHO classification)permanent teeth (WHO classification)

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Classification of Traumatic Injuries to primary & Classification of Traumatic Injuries to primary &
permanent teeth (WHO classification)permanent teeth (WHO classification)
Class 7 ConcussionClass 7 Concussion
An injury to the tooth An injury to the tooth
without abnormal loosening without abnormal loosening
or displacement but withor displacement but with
marked reaction to percussion. marked reaction to percussion.
There may be change of color There may be change of color
of the tooth and/ or fistulous of the tooth and/ or fistulous
tract.tract.

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Classification of Traumatic Injuries to primary & Classification of Traumatic Injuries to primary &
permanent teeth (WHO classification)permanent teeth (WHO classification)
Class 8 (Loosening) Class 8 (Loosening)
Luxation – An injury to the Luxation – An injury to the
tooth with abnormal loosening tooth with abnormal loosening
but without displacement but without displacement
The difference from The difference from
concussion is the degree of concussion is the degree of
mobility.mobility.

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Classification of Traumatic Injuries to primary & Classification of Traumatic Injuries to primary &
permanent teeth (WHO classification)permanent teeth (WHO classification)
Class 9Class 9
Lateral displacement Lateral displacement
A displacement of the A displacement of the
tooth in a direction tooth in a direction
other than axially.other than axially.

15. 15
Classification of Traumatic Injuries to primary & Classification of Traumatic Injuries to primary &
permanent teeth (WHO classification)permanent teeth (WHO classification)

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Class 10Class 10
Intrusion Intrusion
A displacement of the tooth A displacement of the tooth
into the alveolar bone into the alveolar bone
Classification of Traumatic Injuries to primary & Classification of Traumatic Injuries to primary &
permanent teeth (WHO classification)permanent teeth (WHO classification)

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Classification of Traumatic Injuries to primary & Classification of Traumatic Injuries to primary &
permanent teeth (WHO classification)permanent teeth (WHO classification)
Class 11Class 11
Extrusion Extrusion
A partial displacement of A partial displacement of
the tooth out of its socketthe tooth out of its socket

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Classification of Traumatic Injuries to primary & Classification of Traumatic Injuries to primary &
permanent teeth (WHO classification)permanent teeth (WHO classification)
Class 12Class 12
Avulsion Avulsion
A complete displacement A complete displacement
of the tooth out of its of the tooth out of its
alveolar socketalveolar socket

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Classification of Traumatic InjuriesClassification of Traumatic Injuries
1. Enamel crazing1. Enamel crazing
Crown fracture involving enamelCrown fracture involving enamel
2. Crown fracture involving enamel & dentine 2. Crown fracture involving enamel & dentine
3. Crown fracture involving enamel, dentine & pulp.3. Crown fracture involving enamel, dentine & pulp.
4. Crown fracture involving enamel + loss of crown4. Crown fracture involving enamel + loss of crown
5. Root fracture5. Root fracture
6. Displacement injury6. Displacement injury

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Classification (Based on Ellis + Davey 1970)Classification (Based on Ellis + Davey 1970)
Class IClass I
A crown # involving enamel only. A crown # involving enamel only.
This may result in enamel loss (or) a craze line or crackThis may result in enamel loss (or) a craze line or crack
Class IIClass II
A crown # involving enamel + dentine but not the dental pulp.A crown # involving enamel + dentine but not the dental pulp.
Class IIIClass III
A crown # involving E, D + pulp A crown # involving E, D + pulp
(But with considerable tooth structure remaining)(But with considerable tooth structure remaining)

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Class IVClass IV
A crown # involving E, D + pulp where the crown of A crown # involving E, D + pulp where the crown of
the tooth was lost.the tooth was lost.
Class VClass V
A root # involving cementum, dentine + pulp. A root # involving cementum, dentine + pulp.
The # may be- horizontal, vertical or diagonal.The # may be- horizontal, vertical or diagonal.
Class VIClass VI
Displacement of the tooth, either partial or total Displacement of the tooth, either partial or total
from the bony socket. from the bony socket.
Classification (Based on Ellis + Davey 1970)Classification (Based on Ellis + Davey 1970)

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