CLT "communicative language method"

a language teaching method ."COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE TEACHING"

1. COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE TEACHING Presented By Imran kakar Email;[email protected]

2. Background The Communicative Approach emerged in the early 1970s as a result of the work of the Council of Europe experts. A group of experts saw the need to focus in communicative proficiency rather than mastery of structures.

3. INTRODUCTION WHAT IS CLT ? It is observed that students could produce sentences accurately in a lesson, but could not use them appropriately when communicating outside of the classroom. Communication requires more than mastering linguistic structure, due to the fact that language is fundamentally social.

4. Within a social context, language users needed to perform certain functions, such as promising, inviting, and declining invitations. It required communicative competence , knowing when and how to say what to whom. Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) aims broadly to make communicative competence the goal of language teaching .

5. objectives Use Language as means of communication object of learning means of expressing values Focus on communication rather than Structure Language learning within the school Curriculum Focus on meaningful tasks Collaboration

6. CHARACTERSTICS OF CLT Authentic material to bring actual use of language . Provide opportunities to students to develop strategies . Practicing functional and socially appropriate language. Real context in class through activities .

7. Role of a Teacher Adviser Instructor Director ( making pairs, small and whole group ) Error rectifier ( not at the spot) Promote communicative environment

8. Role of a Student A communicator. Active Participant Responsible of their own language learning.

9. Techniques Role Play Problem solving tasks Realia Newspaper, radio and television broadcast, menus, weather forecast, timetables Scrambled sentences ( to learn coherence and cohesion). Wh - questions (Why, What, When, Where, Who)

10. ACTIVITIES Scrambled sentences - The students are given a passage(a text ) in which the sentences are in a scrambled order Language Games Games are used frequently in CLT. The students find them enjoyable, and if they are properly designed, they give students valuable communicative practice. Picture Strip Story Role Play - Role plays are very important in CLT because they give students an opportunity to practice communicating in different social contexts and in different social roles.

11. Comparison with GTM and ALM

12. ADVANTAGES This technique increases the teacher-student relationship. It is an interactive relationship. CLT provides the opportunity for students to be aware of their abilities and exhibit them. The students in this way can learn the target language in an enjoyable way.

13. DISADVANTAGES The requirements are difficult. Not all classrooms can allow for group work activities and for teaching aids and materials. It is controversial whether it can be used in every level of students. The teacher should prepare the syllabus by taking students’ interests and needs into account. However, the energy and time of the teacher are limited.