Cmaa 74
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About This Presentation
cmaa
Slide Content
Wes AN
cm MANUFACTURERS
ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA, NC.
ni de
EXE ontcranes BEOMAN
Doria 25 Fon REITEN. F 20D Rose Sp
en
da res annus
N ; a INDUSTRY, CMAA IS AN AFFILIATE OF THE UNITED STA
OF MATERIAL HANDLING INDUSTRY
DIVISION
© sota Handtirg Industry
cm MANUFACTURERS
ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA, NC.
ni de
EXE ontcranes BEOMAN
Doria 25 Fon REITEN. F 20D Rose Sp
en
da res annus
N ; a INDUSTRY, CMAA IS AN AFFILIATE OF THE UNITED STA
OF MATERIAL HANDLING INDUSTRY
DIVISION
© sota Handtirg Industry
CHAA SPECIFICATION NO. 74-2000
SPECIFICATIONS FOR TOP RUNNING AND UNDER RUNNING SINGLE GIRDER
ELECTRIC TRAVELING CRANES UTILIZING UNDER RUNNING TROLLEY HOIST
INTRODUCTION
‘This specification has been daveioped bythe Crane Manufacturars Association o! America, Inc. (OMAN) an organization
clean elect overheadtraveingerane marulacturers nthe United States, forthe purpose of promoting stared ane
and providing a bass fr equipment selection. The use o this specication should not mite ingenuity ofthe indraual
‘manutacturer but should prono guidelines lor tecnica procedure
In adetion o specications, the pubicaon contains information which shou'd be nefi to the purchasors and users ot
granes and tothe engineering and architectural professions, Wie much of tis Information must be ofa general nates,
the items isted may bo checked wi individual manufacturers and comparisons made leading lo optimum selschan of
equipment.
‘These soectications consist of aight sections as flous
Test. General Spaciicaions
742. Crane Classifiations
743. Structural Design
744. Mechanical Design
MS. Electrical Equipment
74:6. Inquiy Data Shest and Speeds
747. Glossary
748. Index
No pat ofthese Specifications may be reproduced in any form without
the prior vien permission ofthe publisher
(Copyright 2000 by Crane Manufacturers Association of America, Inc. AR rights reserved.
SPECIFICATIONS FOR TOP RUNNING AND UNDER RUNNING SINGLE GIRDER
ELECTRIC TRAVELING CRANES UTILIZING UNDER RUNNING TROLLEY HOIST
INTRODUCTION
‘This specification has been daveioped bythe Crane Manufacturars Association o! America, Inc. (OMAN) an organization
clean elect overheadtraveingerane marulacturers nthe United States, forthe purpose of promoting stared ane
and providing a bass fr equipment selection. The use o this specication should not mite ingenuity ofthe indraual
‘manutacturer but should prono guidelines lor tecnica procedure
In adetion o specications, the pubicaon contains information which shou'd be nefi to the purchasors and users ot
granes and tothe engineering and architectural professions, Wie much of tis Information must be ofa general nates,
the items isted may bo checked wi individual manufacturers and comparisons made leading lo optimum selschan of
equipment.
‘These soectications consist of aight sections as flous
Test. General Spaciicaions
742. Crane Classifiations
743. Structural Design
744. Mechanical Design
MS. Electrical Equipment
74:6. Inquiy Data Shest and Speeds
747. Glossary
748. Index
No pat ofthese Specifications may be reproduced in any form without
the prior vien permission ofthe publisher
(Copyright 2000 by Crane Manufacturers Association of America, Inc. AR rights reserved.
Errata Sheet CMAA Specification #74, Revised 2000
"Note: In ll cases throughout this specification, the upper and lower case of the symbol
for Tau are interchangeable such that = 7,
"Note: In ll cases throughout this specification, the upper and lower case of the symbol
for Tau are interchangeable such that = 7,
DISCLAIMERS
‘CRANE MANUFACTURER'S ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA, INC. (CMAA)
Tne Crane Manutacur’s Associaton Amati ne (CMAA)is anindepandertincorpoated ade association ato te United
States Divsen of Motors Manag aus (i).
MATERIAL HANDLING INDUSTRY AND ITS UNITED STATES DIVISION (HHI)
M provides CMAA with conan ences and in connection wth these Spiel, aranges or tek production and eisen
Neier WH frs, directora or empeyees have any eter paricpañon nthe dolor and papal oe ee cot
‘consid inthe Speccatons
‘Angus conceming these Specteaons soulsbedrectedn wing tothe Chairman
WOMAN Engineering Comines cl Crane
Managers Assocaten of Are, In, 8720 Red Oak Sve, Sule 201, arte, Ne
2827.
Forte quicastresponetotecnca quesos, uso CMAA web se nor mb op SC. Products Canes. TechCuestons.cimor
rio roc to le CHAN Enginasrng Commitee, lo Grane Marufachrers Assocation c Ameca Inc 8720 ea Oak ove See
201, Chant, NE 20217.
‘SPECIFICATIONS
sare oleae Specteatons stron theo engneerscesignarsoramanutacturrepreseniatvetospectyordetgnappkeatns
ruses, Mose Specials ar ored as gudeins, a ucr ers t,orcherisa employs, alr any paro Huso Specter,
‘he users agrasing 1 I own temo indem waranty décimer and Gala tba
Fotowng thee Specfcalans does rot assure complanco win applicable federal, sat. 6 local plans and eee Shey
‘Spesicatons are not nding on ay parson and do at have te ot aw.
MAA and MH not approve, rta, or eres these Spectcione. They dont take any passen regarding ay paten hs or
Ry which could be asen win regard fo theve Speticatons ad co ot na o ensurearyone Largas eee
‘gana lity for tingemert of ary appicatlo Lars Pater copyright badly, nar assume ony such Laly. Uses cf those
Specicatons ae express avisos a dtarinaen ofthe vali of any such copyright, patent gt, and ewok ligan
(of auch igh i ana) own respon,
DISCLAIMERS AND INDEMNITY
DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY: CMAA AND MH! MAKE NO WARRANTIES WHATSOEVER IN CONNECTION WITH THESE
SPECIFICATIONS. THEY SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OM OF PITNESS FOR.
PARTICULAR PURPOSE, NO WARRANTIES (EXPRESS, IMPLIED, OR STATUTORY) ARE MADE IN CONNECTION WITH THESE
‘SPECIFICATIONS.
DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY: USER SPECIFICALLY UNDERSTANDS AND AGREES THAT CMAA, MH, THEIR OFFICERS,
AGENTS AND EMPLOYEES SHALL NOT BE LIAGLE IN TORT AND IN CONTRACT WHETHER BASED ON WARRANTY,
NEGUGENCE, STRICT LIABILITY, OR ANY OTHER THEORY OF LIABILITY-FOR ANY ACTION OR FAILURE TO ACT Ii
[RESPECT TO THE DESIGN ERECTION INSTALLATION, MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION FOR SALE SALE CHARACTERISTICS,
FEATURES, OR DELIVERY OF ANYTHING COVERED BY THESE SPECIFICATIONS, BY REFERRING 10, OR OTHERWIGE
EMPLOYING, THESE SPECIFICATIONS, ITS THE USER'S INTENT AND UNDERSTANDING YO ABSOLVE ANG PROTECT MAA,
ur, THEIR SUCCESSORS, ASSIGNS, OFFICERS, AGENTS, AND EMPLOYEES FROM ANY AND ALL TORT, CONTRACT, OF
OTHER Lagi,
INDEMNITY: BY REFERRING TO, OR OTHERWISE EMPLOYING, THESE SPECIFICATIONS, THE USER AGREES TO DEFEND,
PROTECT, INDEMNIFY, AND HOLD CHAA, MH, THEIR SUCCESSORS, ASSIGNS, OFFICERS, AGENTS, AND EMPLOYEES
HARMLESS OF, FROM AND AGAINST ALL CLAIMS, LOSSES, EXPENSES, DAMAGES AND LIABILITIES, DIRECT. INCIDENTAL,
GRCONSEQUENTIAL, ARISING FROM USE OF THESE SPECIFICATIONS INCLUDING LOSS OR PROFTTS AND REASONABLE
(COUNSEL FEES, WHICH MAY ARISE OUT OF THE USE OR ALLEGED USE OF SUCH SPECIFICATIONS, IT BEING THE INTENT.
(OF THiS PROVISION AND OF THE USER TO ABSOLVE AND PROTECT CMAA MH, THEIRSUCCESSORS, ASSIGNS OFFICERS,
AGENTS, AND EMPLOYEES FROM ANY AND ALL LOSS RELATING IN ANY WAY TO THESE SPECIFICATIONS INCLUDING
‘THOSE RESULTING FROM THEIR OWN NEGLIGENCE, :
ss
copar
.o.-
AAAS AAA A Ree
saan
ARAL
‘CRANE MANUFACTURER'S ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA, INC. (CMAA)
Tne Crane Manutacur’s Associaton Amati ne (CMAA)is anindepandertincorpoated ade association ato te United
States Divsen of Motors Manag aus (i).
MATERIAL HANDLING INDUSTRY AND ITS UNITED STATES DIVISION (HHI)
M provides CMAA with conan ences and in connection wth these Spiel, aranges or tek production and eisen
Neier WH frs, directora or empeyees have any eter paricpañon nthe dolor and papal oe ee cot
‘consid inthe Speccatons
‘Angus conceming these Specteaons soulsbedrectedn wing tothe Chairman
WOMAN Engineering Comines cl Crane
Managers Assocaten of Are, In, 8720 Red Oak Sve, Sule 201, arte, Ne
2827.
Forte quicastresponetotecnca quesos, uso CMAA web se nor mb op SC. Products Canes. TechCuestons.cimor
rio roc to le CHAN Enginasrng Commitee, lo Grane Marufachrers Assocation c Ameca Inc 8720 ea Oak ove See
201, Chant, NE 20217.
‘SPECIFICATIONS
sare oleae Specteatons stron theo engneerscesignarsoramanutacturrepreseniatvetospectyordetgnappkeatns
ruses, Mose Specials ar ored as gudeins, a ucr ers t,orcherisa employs, alr any paro Huso Specter,
‘he users agrasing 1 I own temo indem waranty décimer and Gala tba
Fotowng thee Specfcalans does rot assure complanco win applicable federal, sat. 6 local plans and eee Shey
‘Spesicatons are not nding on ay parson and do at have te ot aw.
MAA and MH not approve, rta, or eres these Spectcione. They dont take any passen regarding ay paten hs or
Ry which could be asen win regard fo theve Speticatons ad co ot na o ensurearyone Largas eee
‘gana lity for tingemert of ary appicatlo Lars Pater copyright badly, nar assume ony such Laly. Uses cf those
Specicatons ae express avisos a dtarinaen ofthe vali of any such copyright, patent gt, and ewok ligan
(of auch igh i ana) own respon,
DISCLAIMERS AND INDEMNITY
DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY: CMAA AND MH! MAKE NO WARRANTIES WHATSOEVER IN CONNECTION WITH THESE
SPECIFICATIONS. THEY SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OM OF PITNESS FOR.
PARTICULAR PURPOSE, NO WARRANTIES (EXPRESS, IMPLIED, OR STATUTORY) ARE MADE IN CONNECTION WITH THESE
‘SPECIFICATIONS.
DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY: USER SPECIFICALLY UNDERSTANDS AND AGREES THAT CMAA, MH, THEIR OFFICERS,
AGENTS AND EMPLOYEES SHALL NOT BE LIAGLE IN TORT AND IN CONTRACT WHETHER BASED ON WARRANTY,
NEGUGENCE, STRICT LIABILITY, OR ANY OTHER THEORY OF LIABILITY-FOR ANY ACTION OR FAILURE TO ACT Ii
[RESPECT TO THE DESIGN ERECTION INSTALLATION, MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION FOR SALE SALE CHARACTERISTICS,
FEATURES, OR DELIVERY OF ANYTHING COVERED BY THESE SPECIFICATIONS, BY REFERRING 10, OR OTHERWIGE
EMPLOYING, THESE SPECIFICATIONS, ITS THE USER'S INTENT AND UNDERSTANDING YO ABSOLVE ANG PROTECT MAA,
ur, THEIR SUCCESSORS, ASSIGNS, OFFICERS, AGENTS, AND EMPLOYEES FROM ANY AND ALL TORT, CONTRACT, OF
OTHER Lagi,
INDEMNITY: BY REFERRING TO, OR OTHERWISE EMPLOYING, THESE SPECIFICATIONS, THE USER AGREES TO DEFEND,
PROTECT, INDEMNIFY, AND HOLD CHAA, MH, THEIR SUCCESSORS, ASSIGNS, OFFICERS, AGENTS, AND EMPLOYEES
HARMLESS OF, FROM AND AGAINST ALL CLAIMS, LOSSES, EXPENSES, DAMAGES AND LIABILITIES, DIRECT. INCIDENTAL,
GRCONSEQUENTIAL, ARISING FROM USE OF THESE SPECIFICATIONS INCLUDING LOSS OR PROFTTS AND REASONABLE
(COUNSEL FEES, WHICH MAY ARISE OUT OF THE USE OR ALLEGED USE OF SUCH SPECIFICATIONS, IT BEING THE INTENT.
(OF THiS PROVISION AND OF THE USER TO ABSOLVE AND PROTECT CMAA MH, THEIRSUCCESSORS, ASSIGNS OFFICERS,
AGENTS, AND EMPLOYEES FROM ANY AND ALL LOSS RELATING IN ANY WAY TO THESE SPECIFICATIONS INCLUDING
‘THOSE RESULTING FROM THEIR OWN NEGLIGENCE, :
ss
copar
.o.-
AAAS AAA A Ree
saan
ARAL
m4
72
ma
TABLE OF CONTENTS
General Specifications
ta
12
13
12
15
15
17
13
19
130
132
113
18
135
Scope
Buiing Design
‘Clearance
Punway
Runway Conductors
Assemby and Preparation
for Shipment
Tasting
Drawings and Manuals
Erection
Lubreation
Inspection, Mainteranes
and Crane Operator
Crane Classifiations
24
22
23
24
25
28
Crane Servico Cassia Terms
of Load Class ana Lees Cycles
Structural Design
EN
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
Allowable Stesses
Design Limtatons
Briege End Truck
Operators Cab
Structural Boing
74
745
ns
747
7a
Mechanical Design
41 Bridge Divos
42. Gearing
43. Boarings
44 Brége Broker
45 Shafts
48 Coupings
27 Wheels
48. Bumpors and Stops
Electrical Equipment
51 General
2 Motors—AC and DO
53 Brakes
54 Contralers, AC and OC
55 Resist
58 Protectwe and Safety Foatures
57 Master Switches
53. Floor Operated Pendant
Pushbutton Stations
59. Limit Switches
5.19 instalation
5:11, Bridge Conductor System
512° Runway Concuctor System
5.13 Voltage Drop
518 Inverere
515 Remote Contre!
Inquiry Data Sheet and Speeds
Glossary
72
ma
TABLE OF CONTENTS
General Specifications
ta
12
13
12
15
15
17
13
19
130
132
113
18
135
Scope
Buiing Design
‘Clearance
Punway
Runway Conductors
Assemby and Preparation
for Shipment
Tasting
Drawings and Manuals
Erection
Lubreation
Inspection, Mainteranes
and Crane Operator
Crane Classifiations
24
22
23
24
25
28
Crane Servico Cassia Terms
of Load Class ana Lees Cycles
Structural Design
EN
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
Allowable Stesses
Design Limtatons
Briege End Truck
Operators Cab
Structural Boing
74
745
ns
747
7a
Mechanical Design
41 Bridge Divos
42. Gearing
43. Boarings
44 Brége Broker
45 Shafts
48 Coupings
27 Wheels
48. Bumpors and Stops
Electrical Equipment
51 General
2 Motors—AC and DO
53 Brakes
54 Contralers, AC and OC
55 Resist
58 Protectwe and Safety Foatures
57 Master Switches
53. Floor Operated Pendant
Pushbutton Stations
59. Limit Switches
5.19 instalation
5:11, Bridge Conductor System
512° Runway Concuctor System
5.13 Voltage Drop
518 Inverere
515 Remote Contre!
Inquiry Data Sheet and Speeds
Glossary
11 SCOPE
112
114
74-1 GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
‘These spacifations shal be known a the specications for Top Running and Under Running Single Gira
Electie Overhead Traveling Cranes Uilzing Under Running Troley Host, CMAA Specifeatons No 78
Revisec 2000.
‘The spcieatons an information contaiedinths pubcaions spp otoprunningandunderruning single
¡ler electric vera traveling eranes utliing under running rabey hast Excel patented rack. Mon
Do understood tna he specications are general in nature end other specications may be agreed upon
between the purchaser and the manufacturer to sul each specifi instalation. These specifications donot
‘over equipment used to lt, lower or transport personnel suspended from he hole rope sales
‘These specications cutne, in Sactan 74.2 our citrentclasses crane service as a guide or determining
the service quirements of the individual application. In many cases, tare ia no coat category of service
in wien aparteat crane operation may fl andthe propa selecton la cane can De mace only rough
a dsousslon of service requiremants and ine crane details withthe crane manclactrer or other caliza
persons.
Service cordilons have an important nfuence on the fe of the wearing pars o a rang such as heul,
(ears, bearings, electrical equipment and must be considered in spectying a crane to assure masia Mo
and minimum maintenance,
In selecting overhead crane equipment, 8 important that not only present au futuro operations be
considered which may increase loacing and service roquremerts and hat eqipmentbe selected wich vit
‚Sally futuro increased service conditions, Mere minmizing the possisty of overloading or placing in a
uly lassieation higher than ietonded.
Par ofthese specications refer to certain portors of other applicable specicatons, codes a sandares,
‘Where interpretations citer, CMAA recommends trat these spacificatons be used as the guldetne,
Mantones in the text are publications of he following organizations:
ABMA— American Boaring Manufacturer Association
1200 18th Sveet, NW, Sute 300
Washington, DC 20035-2422
AGMA American Gear Manufacturers Association
1500 King Seat, Sut 207
Alexandria, Vida 22314-2730
2001-085: — Fundamental Rating Factors and Calcuition Methods or Invlute Spur and
Helical Gear Teeth
‘AGMA 909-589: Geometry Factor or Determining Piting Resistance and Bending Strength
ol Spur, Helical and Herringbone Gear Teeth
6010-F97: Spur, Helical, Heringbone and Bevel Enclosed Drives
AISC— American Insitite of Ste! Construction
1 East Wacker, Sule 2100
Chicago, linois 60801-2001
,
,
,
y
í
t
}
+
¢
€
i
¿
§
rene
112
114
74-1 GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
‘These spacifations shal be known a the specications for Top Running and Under Running Single Gira
Electie Overhead Traveling Cranes Uilzing Under Running Troley Host, CMAA Specifeatons No 78
Revisec 2000.
‘The spcieatons an information contaiedinths pubcaions spp otoprunningandunderruning single
¡ler electric vera traveling eranes utliing under running rabey hast Excel patented rack. Mon
Do understood tna he specications are general in nature end other specications may be agreed upon
between the purchaser and the manufacturer to sul each specifi instalation. These specifications donot
‘over equipment used to lt, lower or transport personnel suspended from he hole rope sales
‘These specications cutne, in Sactan 74.2 our citrentclasses crane service as a guide or determining
the service quirements of the individual application. In many cases, tare ia no coat category of service
in wien aparteat crane operation may fl andthe propa selecton la cane can De mace only rough
a dsousslon of service requiremants and ine crane details withthe crane manclactrer or other caliza
persons.
Service cordilons have an important nfuence on the fe of the wearing pars o a rang such as heul,
(ears, bearings, electrical equipment and must be considered in spectying a crane to assure masia Mo
and minimum maintenance,
In selecting overhead crane equipment, 8 important that not only present au futuro operations be
considered which may increase loacing and service roquremerts and hat eqipmentbe selected wich vit
‚Sally futuro increased service conditions, Mere minmizing the possisty of overloading or placing in a
uly lassieation higher than ietonded.
Par ofthese specications refer to certain portors of other applicable specicatons, codes a sandares,
‘Where interpretations citer, CMAA recommends trat these spacificatons be used as the guldetne,
Mantones in the text are publications of he following organizations:
ABMA— American Boaring Manufacturer Association
1200 18th Sveet, NW, Sute 300
Washington, DC 20035-2422
AGMA American Gear Manufacturers Association
1500 King Seat, Sut 207
Alexandria, Vida 22314-2730
2001-085: — Fundamental Rating Factors and Calcuition Methods or Invlute Spur and
Helical Gear Teeth
‘AGMA 909-589: Geometry Factor or Determining Piting Resistance and Bending Strength
ol Spur, Helical and Herringbone Gear Teeth
6010-F97: Spur, Helical, Heringbone and Bevel Enclosed Drives
AISC— American Insitite of Ste! Construction
1 East Wacker, Sule 2100
Chicago, linois 60801-2001
,
,
,
y
í
t
}
+
¢
€
i
¿
§
rene
ANSI
ASUE—
a
aus
Mar
NECINFPA—
NEMA
ma
Osta
American National Standards Instute
11 West 206 Steet
Now York, New York 10036
ANSUASCE 7-95-—Minimur Design Loads for Buikings and Other Structures
ANSVASME 830.11-1898—Monerals and Undemung Cr
ANSUASME 830 18-1999--Ovamaad Hoists (Underhung)
ANSUASME 890.17:1995--Overhead and Gantry Cranes (Top Running, Single Giger,
Underrung Hoist)
American Sociay of Mechanical Enginosre
22 Law Drive, P.O. Box 2300
Fails, New Jersey 07007-2300
‘American Society of Testing and Materials
100 Barr Harbor Drive
West Conshocken, Pennsylvania 19420
Amorican Welding Society
550 NW. LeJoune Roae, P.O. Box 351040
Miami, Florida 33126
D14.1:97-—Specifatons for Welding Industrial and Mil Cranes and Other Material
Handing Equipment
Crane Manulactuers Assocation of America, Inc
8720 Red Oak Bic, Sute 201
Charote, Nor Carolina 28217-2962
Overhead Crane and Maintenance Check
Crane Operata’s Manual
‘Crane Operators Traing Video
NatoralElectical Code
National Fre Protection Association
1 Battrymaren Park, P.O. Box 9101
Quincy, Massachusetts 022699101
1986 70-9958
National Electrical Manufacturers Assocation
1900 North 171 Soe, Suite 1847
Rossi, VA 22209
1051-1989
Hoist Manufacturers Institute
8720 Red Oak Bia, Suite 201
Charlotte, NO 28217-3862
US. Department of Labor
Directorate of Safety Standards Program
200 Constitution Avenue, NW.
Washington, DC 20210.
29 OFF Part 1910—Occupational Safety & Health Standards for Generallndasry
(Revised 7/197)
ASUE—
a
aus
Mar
NECINFPA—
NEMA
ma
Osta
American National Standards Instute
11 West 206 Steet
Now York, New York 10036
ANSUASCE 7-95-—Minimur Design Loads for Buikings and Other Structures
ANSVASME 830.11-1898—Monerals and Undemung Cr
ANSUASME 830 18-1999--Ovamaad Hoists (Underhung)
ANSUASME 890.17:1995--Overhead and Gantry Cranes (Top Running, Single Giger,
Underrung Hoist)
American Sociay of Mechanical Enginosre
22 Law Drive, P.O. Box 2300
Fails, New Jersey 07007-2300
‘American Society of Testing and Materials
100 Barr Harbor Drive
West Conshocken, Pennsylvania 19420
Amorican Welding Society
550 NW. LeJoune Roae, P.O. Box 351040
Miami, Florida 33126
D14.1:97-—Specifatons for Welding Industrial and Mil Cranes and Other Material
Handing Equipment
Crane Manulactuers Assocation of America, Inc
8720 Red Oak Bic, Sute 201
Charote, Nor Carolina 28217-2962
Overhead Crane and Maintenance Check
Crane Operata’s Manual
‘Crane Operators Traing Video
NatoralElectical Code
National Fre Protection Association
1 Battrymaren Park, P.O. Box 9101
Quincy, Massachusetts 022699101
1986 70-9958
National Electrical Manufacturers Assocation
1900 North 171 Soe, Suite 1847
Rossi, VA 22209
1051-1989
Hoist Manufacturers Institute
8720 Red Oak Bia, Suite 201
Charlotte, NO 28217-3862
US. Department of Labor
Directorate of Safety Standards Program
200 Constitution Avenue, NW.
Washington, DC 20210.
29 OFF Part 1910—Occupational Safety & Health Standards for Generallndasry
(Revised 7/197)
117
Stress Concontation Factors
RE Peterson Water D. Pikey
Copyright, 1987
John Wey & Sons, Ino
Data was und rom (FEM) Federation Europeenne De La Manutention, Section IX
Series Ling Equipment
Local Guder Stresses
FENG 181 Eaton (E) 10.1989
‘The Holst and Trley may be supplied by the crane manufacture or by the purchaser. In either case, the
Hoist and Troley shall como with appicable spsciicaton of the Holst Manufacurers Intl and min
ANSUASMES 3016-1999 safety standar for"Overtead Host (Underhung) «Ine ost anor role ae
Supplied by ie purchaser, the crane our shal De provided with art dimensional dtawingy wit al
required data, including wing dagrams, trallay connector locations, and troy host weight. Ths CMA
Specification #74 goes not app othe hot andlor rolay.
1.2 BUILDING DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
124
1243
1212
1213
1214
1215
fais
he bung in when an overhand ra:
folowing ponts:
is tobe instal must ba designed with consideration given tothe
‘The distance from the floor othe lowest overhaad obstruction must be such sto allow forthe required hook
it plus the distance from ine sadale or palm ofthe hockin its highest postion tote high peat onthe crane
Plus clearance tothe lowest overhead obstructions.
{nation he distance rom tr floor tothe lowest overhead obstruction must ba such hat he lowest point
‘on the crane wi lea at machinery or when necossary provide ralkaad or uck eisrance under the crane
‘After determination othe building height, based onthe factor above, the crane runway mustbe located wth
‘tho topo the runway railata distance below helowest overhead obstruction equalto he height othe crane
Plus clearance.
Lights, pipes or any other objects prejectng below the lowes point on the building ss mustbe considered
in he determination ofthe lowest evernad obstruction
‘Tne buiking knee braces must be designed to permit the required hook approaches
Access othe cab or bridge wafaway shouldbe aid adr, tar, o platform equi no step over any
gap exceeding 12inches. Fixed ladders shall o in accordance wih ANSI A14.3, Salty Requ‘ements for
Fixed Lacer.
13 CLEARANCE
134
‘A minimum clearance of Sinches betweenthe nighastpointolihe rane andthe lowest overheadobstrution
Shall be provided. For buldings where russ sag becomes a lector, this cearance should be increased.
a EEE
Names RA
Stress Concontation Factors
RE Peterson Water D. Pikey
Copyright, 1987
John Wey & Sons, Ino
Data was und rom (FEM) Federation Europeenne De La Manutention, Section IX
Series Ling Equipment
Local Guder Stresses
FENG 181 Eaton (E) 10.1989
‘The Holst and Trley may be supplied by the crane manufacture or by the purchaser. In either case, the
Hoist and Troley shall como with appicable spsciicaton of the Holst Manufacurers Intl and min
ANSUASMES 3016-1999 safety standar for"Overtead Host (Underhung) «Ine ost anor role ae
Supplied by ie purchaser, the crane our shal De provided with art dimensional dtawingy wit al
required data, including wing dagrams, trallay connector locations, and troy host weight. Ths CMA
Specification #74 goes not app othe hot andlor rolay.
1.2 BUILDING DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
124
1243
1212
1213
1214
1215
fais
he bung in when an overhand ra:
folowing ponts:
is tobe instal must ba designed with consideration given tothe
‘The distance from the floor othe lowest overhaad obstruction must be such sto allow forthe required hook
it plus the distance from ine sadale or palm ofthe hockin its highest postion tote high peat onthe crane
Plus clearance tothe lowest overhead obstructions.
{nation he distance rom tr floor tothe lowest overhead obstruction must ba such hat he lowest point
‘on the crane wi lea at machinery or when necossary provide ralkaad or uck eisrance under the crane
‘After determination othe building height, based onthe factor above, the crane runway mustbe located wth
‘tho topo the runway railata distance below helowest overhead obstruction equalto he height othe crane
Plus clearance.
Lights, pipes or any other objects prejectng below the lowes point on the building ss mustbe considered
in he determination ofthe lowest evernad obstruction
‘Tne buiking knee braces must be designed to permit the required hook approaches
Access othe cab or bridge wafaway shouldbe aid adr, tar, o platform equi no step over any
gap exceeding 12inches. Fixed ladders shall o in accordance wih ANSI A14.3, Salty Requ‘ements for
Fixed Lacer.
13 CLEARANCE
134
‘A minimum clearance of Sinches betweenthe nighastpointolihe rane andthe lowest overheadobstrution
Shall be provided. For buldings where russ sag becomes a lector, this cearance should be increased.
a EEE
Names RA
132
The ioarance between the end of he crane andbuieing columns, knsebracesorany over obstrucion sha
not be less Ian 2 inches with crane contered on runway rl. Pipes, conduits, o. must nt reduce hag
learn.
Where passageways or walkways are provides onthe structure supporting the crane, cbstuctions on the
supporting structure shal not be placed so that personnel wi be Stuck By movement of te crano, The
accuracy of bulking dimensions I the responstiliy of the owner or speciiar of he Guam,
14 RUNWAY
141
1411
14114
14112
14.113
tata
1442
14121
14122
14123
The crane renway, rurway el, and crane stops are typically furnished by the purchaser unless othenvise
specified. The crane stops fumishod by the purchaser are o be designed lo sul he apache ear fo se
instales.
Top Running Runway
Rais shall bo straight, paral, level and at tho same elevation, The conter to center distance, and the
elevaton shal be win th tolerances given in Table 1.4.11
The runway rai should be standard ral sections or any other commercial old section with equivalen
specications ofa propor size far the crane to be installed
Proper ral slices and hold cown fasteners are tobe provided. Pal separation a joints sil nat exci
V6 inches. Floating res are not recommended,
The crane runway shall be designed with sufficient strength and gidiy to prevent detrimental lateral or
vertical detection,
‘Thelatoral detection shouidnotaxcead L/400 bacadon 10% of maximum whee load) without VIF. Unless
otherwise specified, the vocal dllection should not exceed L,/500 based on maximum wheel loads)
|wahout VIF. Gantry and other typos of special cranes may require addtional consicerations
LL Runway girder span being evaluated.
Under-Running Runways
‘Under sunning runway beams shal be straight and parallel, Tho wheel running surface sha be atthe same
‘levation, have no transverse ft, ang sal be hek in aignment at joints
‘The contar to center distance and the elevalon shall be within the tolerances given in Table 1
maximum gap between ends ofthe load carrying flanges shall not exceed 1/16 inches,
time
‘The crane runway shall be designed wih suffclent strength and iidiy to prevent etimentl lateral or
‘erica detection. The design shall provide forthe ect of bean loading and focal fango loading. The
verical detection should not exceed L450 based on maximum wheel leads) without VIF.
1.5 RUNWAY CONDUCTORS
14
152
Contact conductors shall be guarded in a manner that persons cannot inadvertent touch energized
Current—carrying prs, Flexble conductor systems shal be designed andinetaleg in a manner tominimize
the effects of texng, cable tension, and abrasion
‘The runway conductors may be bare hard drawn copper wir, hard copper, aluminum or steel in the form of
sti shapes, insuiatedcables, cable reel pickup orothor suitable means Lo moet he particular application and
shal be installed in accordance with Arie 610 of the National Electrical Code and comply wih al cal
“applicable codes.
The ioarance between the end of he crane andbuieing columns, knsebracesorany over obstrucion sha
not be less Ian 2 inches with crane contered on runway rl. Pipes, conduits, o. must nt reduce hag
learn.
Where passageways or walkways are provides onthe structure supporting the crane, cbstuctions on the
supporting structure shal not be placed so that personnel wi be Stuck By movement of te crano, The
accuracy of bulking dimensions I the responstiliy of the owner or speciiar of he Guam,
14 RUNWAY
141
1411
14114
14112
14.113
tata
1442
14121
14122
14123
The crane renway, rurway el, and crane stops are typically furnished by the purchaser unless othenvise
specified. The crane stops fumishod by the purchaser are o be designed lo sul he apache ear fo se
instales.
Top Running Runway
Rais shall bo straight, paral, level and at tho same elevation, The conter to center distance, and the
elevaton shal be win th tolerances given in Table 1.4.11
The runway rai should be standard ral sections or any other commercial old section with equivalen
specications ofa propor size far the crane to be installed
Proper ral slices and hold cown fasteners are tobe provided. Pal separation a joints sil nat exci
V6 inches. Floating res are not recommended,
The crane runway shall be designed with sufficient strength and gidiy to prevent detrimental lateral or
vertical detection,
‘Thelatoral detection shouidnotaxcead L/400 bacadon 10% of maximum whee load) without VIF. Unless
otherwise specified, the vocal dllection should not exceed L,/500 based on maximum wheel loads)
|wahout VIF. Gantry and other typos of special cranes may require addtional consicerations
LL Runway girder span being evaluated.
Under-Running Runways
‘Under sunning runway beams shal be straight and parallel, Tho wheel running surface sha be atthe same
‘levation, have no transverse ft, ang sal be hek in aignment at joints
‘The contar to center distance and the elevalon shall be within the tolerances given in Table 1
maximum gap between ends ofthe load carrying flanges shall not exceed 1/16 inches,
time
‘The crane runway shall be designed wih suffclent strength and iidiy to prevent etimentl lateral or
‘erica detection. The design shall provide forthe ect of bean loading and focal fango loading. The
verical detection should not exceed L450 based on maximum wheel leads) without VIF.
1.5 RUNWAY CONDUCTORS
14
152
Contact conductors shall be guarded in a manner that persons cannot inadvertent touch energized
Current—carrying prs, Flexble conductor systems shal be designed andinetaleg in a manner tominimize
the effects of texng, cable tension, and abrasion
‘The runway conductors may be bare hard drawn copper wir, hard copper, aluminum or steel in the form of
sti shapes, insuiatedcables, cable reel pickup orothor suitable means Lo moet he particular application and
shal be installed in accordance with Arie 610 of the National Electrical Code and comply wih al cal
“applicable codes.
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157
Runway conductors are normally lumishod and instated by the purchaser unless otherwise specie,
The conductors hal be properly supported and aligned horizontal and vertical wth the runway rai.
The conductors shall have sufiiont ampaciy o carry tho required euront 1 the crane, or cranes, when
‘operating wäh rated load. Tho conductor ratings shall be seated in accordance with Arle 310 ofthe
National Eletical Goce, For manufactured conductor systums wih publishes ampacites he intermittent
ralings may be used. The ampacites of ed loads suchas heating, ighing, and ar condoning may be
‘computed as 2.25 times thee sum total wrich wll permit the application of he Intermiten ampacty ratings
for use with cominuous ed loads.
‘Theneminalunway conductor suppl system voltage actual inputtapvotage,andrumway conductor voltage
‘tops shal resul in crane motor wolage to'erarces per Section 5.13 Vallage Drops
In crane imquiy, the runway conductor system type should be specified and the system wil be supplied
by bie purchaser or erane manufacture.
18 RATED CAPACITY
151
12
153
164
The rated cepacty ofa crane bridge is spectiod bythe manulacturer. Tiscapactyshal be marked on each
side of the crane bridge ard shal be agile from the operating for.
Insividoalhostunts sha haves retedcapactymarkedonits bttombloc. Inaddton,capecty label should
be marked on th hoist boo.
‘The ola ited lad shanat exceed the rated capacity ofthe crane bridge. Lead on individual hoist of hook
shallot exceed their rated capacity,
Ven determining the rated capacty olacrane, allaecessoris below the hook, such as load bars, magnets,
grabs, et. shal be included as par ol he load to be handled.
17 DESIGN STRESSES
wa
Materials shall bo propery selected forte stresses and work eye
les 10 which they are subjected,
‘Structural parts shal be designed according tothe appropriate mis as per Crapter74-30/ His specication.
Mechanical pars shall be designed according to Chapter 74-4 ol this specication. AL othe load canıng
pars shallbe designed so thai the calculated siticstressinthematonal,basadon rat crane capacity, shall
ot exceed 20 percent otro published average ulimae strength ofthe material,
‘The Imitaton of sess provides a margin of strength to allow for variations inthe properties of material,
manufacturing and operating conditions, and design assumptions, and under no condition should imply
‘auorizaton or protection for users leading the crane beyond the rated capaci.
18 GENERAL
184
182
Allapparatus covered by his specification shal be constructed in athormugh and workmanike manner. Due
regard shal be given in ho design for operation, aocassbi, Interenangeabilty and durablty ot pat,
‘This specication includes al applicable features of ANSVASME 830.11 (1988) Monoris and Underhung
Cranes; ANSVASME 890.16 (1993) Overhead Hoisis (Underhung); ans ANSUASME 30.17 (1932)
Overhead and Gantry Cranes (Top Running, Single Girde, Underhung Holst
157
Runway conductors are normally lumishod and instated by the purchaser unless otherwise specie,
The conductors hal be properly supported and aligned horizontal and vertical wth the runway rai.
The conductors shall have sufiiont ampaciy o carry tho required euront 1 the crane, or cranes, when
‘operating wäh rated load. Tho conductor ratings shall be seated in accordance with Arle 310 ofthe
National Eletical Goce, For manufactured conductor systums wih publishes ampacites he intermittent
ralings may be used. The ampacites of ed loads suchas heating, ighing, and ar condoning may be
‘computed as 2.25 times thee sum total wrich wll permit the application of he Intermiten ampacty ratings
for use with cominuous ed loads.
‘Theneminalunway conductor suppl system voltage actual inputtapvotage,andrumway conductor voltage
‘tops shal resul in crane motor wolage to'erarces per Section 5.13 Vallage Drops
In crane imquiy, the runway conductor system type should be specified and the system wil be supplied
by bie purchaser or erane manufacture.
18 RATED CAPACITY
151
12
153
164
The rated cepacty ofa crane bridge is spectiod bythe manulacturer. Tiscapactyshal be marked on each
side of the crane bridge ard shal be agile from the operating for.
Insividoalhostunts sha haves retedcapactymarkedonits bttombloc. Inaddton,capecty label should
be marked on th hoist boo.
‘The ola ited lad shanat exceed the rated capacity ofthe crane bridge. Lead on individual hoist of hook
shallot exceed their rated capacity,
Ven determining the rated capacty olacrane, allaecessoris below the hook, such as load bars, magnets,
grabs, et. shal be included as par ol he load to be handled.
17 DESIGN STRESSES
wa
Materials shall bo propery selected forte stresses and work eye
les 10 which they are subjected,
‘Structural parts shal be designed according tothe appropriate mis as per Crapter74-30/ His specication.
Mechanical pars shall be designed according to Chapter 74-4 ol this specication. AL othe load canıng
pars shallbe designed so thai the calculated siticstressinthematonal,basadon rat crane capacity, shall
ot exceed 20 percent otro published average ulimae strength ofthe material,
‘The Imitaton of sess provides a margin of strength to allow for variations inthe properties of material,
manufacturing and operating conditions, and design assumptions, and under no condition should imply
‘auorizaton or protection for users leading the crane beyond the rated capaci.
18 GENERAL
184
182
Allapparatus covered by his specification shal be constructed in athormugh and workmanike manner. Due
regard shal be given in ho design for operation, aocassbi, Interenangeabilty and durablty ot pat,
‘This specication includes al applicable features of ANSVASME 830.11 (1988) Monoris and Underhung
Cranes; ANSVASME 890.16 (1993) Overhead Hoisis (Underhung); ans ANSUASME 30.17 (1932)
Overhead and Gantry Cranes (Top Running, Single Girde, Underhung Holst
19 PAINTING
191 Before shipmart, se erane shal be cleaned and given a protective coating
1.82 Tho coating may consist of any number of coat o primer and fish pant according tothe manufacturer's
Standard or 25 otherwise species
1.10 ASSEMBLY AND PREPARATION FOR SHIPMENT.
110.1 The crane should be assembled inthe manufacture’ plant according othe manufacturers standard
1.102 Allpars ef the crane shouldbe caretuly match-marked.
1.103. Allexposed rishee parts and clectical equipment are to be protected for shipmont. storage is required,
‘arrangements shoud be made wi the manulature for ext protection.
11 TESTING
11.4 Testhgin ie manutactur’s plan is conducted according othe manufacture’ tesing procedure, unless
otherwise spect,
1.1.2” Any documentation of non-destructive testing of material auch as X-ray, uttaéoni, magnetic partic, ce
‘shouldbe considered as an extra tem and is normally done only il epeciied
1.12 DRAWINGS AND MANUALS
121 Normal (2) copies of the manufacturas cloaranes diagrams are submited for approval, one ef wich
is approved and returned tothe crane manufacturer. Also, wo ets a operating nstucions and paro parts
information are typicaly umished. Detail drawings are noma not fumishes,
1.13 ERECTION
1.81 The crane erection (including assembly, Held wing, instalation and stating) is nomaly agreed upon
‘between the manulaclurer and tne owner or specifier. Supervision ef old assembly anclor ‘nal checkout
may also be agreed upon separately between the manulaclrer and the owner or speci
1.14 LUBRICATION
4.14.1 Tho crane shal be provided wih al the necessary lubrication fitings. Before puting the crane in operation,
the eroctor of the crane shall assure hal allbeaings, gars, ec. are lubricated In accordance with he crane
manufacturers recommendations,
145 INSPECTION, MAINTENANCE AND CRANE OPERATOR
118.1 For inspection and maintenance of cranes, refer to applicable section of ANSYASME 890.11 Chapter 112,
ANSUASME 830.17 Chapter 17-2 and CMAA Overhead Crane Inspection and Maintenance Checklist
1.4182 Foroperatorresponsiity and training refer to applicable section ANSUASME B90.11 Chapter 11-9, ANSV
‘ASME 890.17 Chapter 17-9, CMAA-Grane Operator’ Training Video and CMAA Crane Operators Manual
an
191 Before shipmart, se erane shal be cleaned and given a protective coating
1.82 Tho coating may consist of any number of coat o primer and fish pant according tothe manufacturer's
Standard or 25 otherwise species
1.10 ASSEMBLY AND PREPARATION FOR SHIPMENT.
110.1 The crane should be assembled inthe manufacture’ plant according othe manufacturers standard
1.102 Allpars ef the crane shouldbe caretuly match-marked.
1.103. Allexposed rishee parts and clectical equipment are to be protected for shipmont. storage is required,
‘arrangements shoud be made wi the manulature for ext protection.
11 TESTING
11.4 Testhgin ie manutactur’s plan is conducted according othe manufacture’ tesing procedure, unless
otherwise spect,
1.1.2” Any documentation of non-destructive testing of material auch as X-ray, uttaéoni, magnetic partic, ce
‘shouldbe considered as an extra tem and is normally done only il epeciied
1.12 DRAWINGS AND MANUALS
121 Normal (2) copies of the manufacturas cloaranes diagrams are submited for approval, one ef wich
is approved and returned tothe crane manufacturer. Also, wo ets a operating nstucions and paro parts
information are typicaly umished. Detail drawings are noma not fumishes,
1.13 ERECTION
1.81 The crane erection (including assembly, Held wing, instalation and stating) is nomaly agreed upon
‘between the manulaclurer and tne owner or specifier. Supervision ef old assembly anclor ‘nal checkout
may also be agreed upon separately between the manulaclrer and the owner or speci
1.14 LUBRICATION
4.14.1 Tho crane shal be provided wih al the necessary lubrication fitings. Before puting the crane in operation,
the eroctor of the crane shall assure hal allbeaings, gars, ec. are lubricated In accordance with he crane
manufacturers recommendations,
145 INSPECTION, MAINTENANCE AND CRANE OPERATOR
118.1 For inspection and maintenance of cranes, refer to applicable section of ANSYASME 890.11 Chapter 112,
ANSUASME 830.17 Chapter 17-2 and CMAA Overhead Crane Inspection and Maintenance Checklist
1.4182 Foroperatorresponsiity and training refer to applicable section ANSUASME B90.11 Chapter 11-9, ANSV
‘ASME 890.17 Chapter 17-9, CMAA-Grane Operator’ Training Video and CMAA Crane Operators Manual
an
74-2 CRANE CLASSIFICATIONS
21 GENERAL
21.1 Sonice classes have bean estabished sothat tne mosteconor
in accordance with ms specication
ranelortheinstalaion maybe specified
‘The crane service classification is based on the load spectrum reliacing Ihe actual service conditions as
closely as possible,
Load spectrum I a mean effective toad, which is uniformly distributed ove a probabiiy scale and applied
to the ecuipment ata specified frequency. The soletia of the propery sized erane component to peor
a giventunction's determned bye varying loac magnitudes and given load cycles which can expressed
Interns ofthe mean etlecive loc factor
= UP, + (WP, + PR, + PP,
Were W = Load magnitude: expressed asa rato ofeach ited load tote rated capaciy. Operation
in noted load and the weight of any atachmant must be included
P= Load probability: expressed asa ratio of cyclos under each load magnitude condtion to the
total eycies. The sum total ofthe load probables P must equal 1.0
Mean effective load factor. (Usod to establen crane service class orl)
Al classes ct cranes ars aíecte by tho operating condition, thretere for tre purpose ol he classifications,
itis assumed that the crane willbe eporating in normal ambien temperature Oto 1O4'F (17 8"te 40°C) and
normal atmospneric conditions (ree from excessive dust, moss and corrosive fumes).
‘The cranes can be class inte loading groups according to he service cndiions ofthe most sevecely
Loaded part of te crane, The Individual parts we ara carly separate ram te rest, o forming a sal
contained stuctual uni, can De classed into aiferent loading groups ifthe serie concitons ara fully
own,
212 CLASS A (STANDBY OR INFREQUENT SERVICE)
‘This service class covers cranes which may be used in instalation such as powerhouses, pubic utis,
turbine rooms, motor rooms and transformer stations where precise handling of equipment a slow speeds
wit ong, ile periods between Its are required. Capacity loads may be handied for Intl instalation of
equipment and for inftequent maintenance,
23 CLASS B (LIGHT SERVICE)
‘This senvics covers cranes which may be usedin repair shops, ight assembly operations, servico buildings,
light warehousing, te, where service requirements aro ight ane the speeais sw Loads may vary em no
load to occasional ul rated toads wih 2 to 5 ts per hour, averaging 10 feet par it
24 CLASS © (MODERATE SERVICE)
‘This service covers cranes which may be used in machine shops or papermil machine rooms, ee, where
senice requirements are moderate. I this type of sendce the crane wil handle loads which average 50
Percentoltneateccapacity with Sto Its per hour averaging 15 et, ratover SOpercentot thelial ated
capaciy.
25 CLASS D (HEAVY SERVICE)
‘Ths service covers cranes which may be usedin heavy machine shops, foundries, abrcating plants, toa
‘warehouses, container yards, ber mil, to, and standard du Bucket and magnet operatons where
heavy duty production i required. In this ype of sonise, loads approaching 50 percent ot he rated capaci
willbe hancied constant curing the working period. High speeds are dasrabe for his type of service wit
1010 20 its per hou everaging 15 feat, not aver 65 percent othe is arated capacity.
21 GENERAL
21.1 Sonice classes have bean estabished sothat tne mosteconor
in accordance with ms specication
ranelortheinstalaion maybe specified
‘The crane service classification is based on the load spectrum reliacing Ihe actual service conditions as
closely as possible,
Load spectrum I a mean effective toad, which is uniformly distributed ove a probabiiy scale and applied
to the ecuipment ata specified frequency. The soletia of the propery sized erane component to peor
a giventunction's determned bye varying loac magnitudes and given load cycles which can expressed
Interns ofthe mean etlecive loc factor
= UP, + (WP, + PR, + PP,
Were W = Load magnitude: expressed asa rato ofeach ited load tote rated capaciy. Operation
in noted load and the weight of any atachmant must be included
P= Load probability: expressed asa ratio of cyclos under each load magnitude condtion to the
total eycies. The sum total ofthe load probables P must equal 1.0
Mean effective load factor. (Usod to establen crane service class orl)
Al classes ct cranes ars aíecte by tho operating condition, thretere for tre purpose ol he classifications,
itis assumed that the crane willbe eporating in normal ambien temperature Oto 1O4'F (17 8"te 40°C) and
normal atmospneric conditions (ree from excessive dust, moss and corrosive fumes).
‘The cranes can be class inte loading groups according to he service cndiions ofthe most sevecely
Loaded part of te crane, The Individual parts we ara carly separate ram te rest, o forming a sal
contained stuctual uni, can De classed into aiferent loading groups ifthe serie concitons ara fully
own,
212 CLASS A (STANDBY OR INFREQUENT SERVICE)
‘This service class covers cranes which may be used in instalation such as powerhouses, pubic utis,
turbine rooms, motor rooms and transformer stations where precise handling of equipment a slow speeds
wit ong, ile periods between Its are required. Capacity loads may be handied for Intl instalation of
equipment and for inftequent maintenance,
23 CLASS B (LIGHT SERVICE)
‘This senvics covers cranes which may be usedin repair shops, ight assembly operations, servico buildings,
light warehousing, te, where service requirements aro ight ane the speeais sw Loads may vary em no
load to occasional ul rated toads wih 2 to 5 ts per hour, averaging 10 feet par it
24 CLASS © (MODERATE SERVICE)
‘This service covers cranes which may be used in machine shops or papermil machine rooms, ee, where
senice requirements are moderate. I this type of sendce the crane wil handle loads which average 50
Percentoltneateccapacity with Sto Its per hour averaging 15 et, ratover SOpercentot thelial ated
capaciy.
25 CLASS D (HEAVY SERVICE)
‘Ths service covers cranes which may be usedin heavy machine shops, foundries, abrcating plants, toa
‘warehouses, container yards, ber mil, to, and standard du Bucket and magnet operatons where
heavy duty production i required. In this ype of sonise, loads approaching 50 percent ot he rated capaci
willbe hancied constant curing the working period. High speeds are dasrabe for his type of service wit
1010 20 its per hou everaging 15 feat, not aver 65 percent othe is arated capacity.
2. CRANE SERVICE CLASS IN TERMS OF LOAD CLASS AND LOAD CYCLES
‘The dein of CMAA crane service class in terms of load class and load cycles is shown in Table 2.6-1
TABLE 26-4
DEFINITION OF CMAA CRANE SERVICE CLASS
INTERMS OF LOAD CLASS AND LOAD CYCLES
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LOAD CLASSES:
4
Cranes which oi te red lod xceptonaly and nomma, ver ton
= "Cranes wich carl ash ate oad, and normal oa of about Yo tho rte nd
= Cranes whic nis te rated ad tity requnty and nomaty, ac between % and 2h of he ated
La= Crane which ar regular loaded cis othe rated led
Loapcvetes:
N= 200001100000 ces
N= 1000001 500.00 ects
8000001 2,000,000 eas
(ver 2,000,000 yates
12
e re
LENIN REN EAN NENA AAA ema
‘The dein of CMAA crane service class in terms of load class and load cycles is shown in Table 2.6-1
TABLE 26-4
DEFINITION OF CMAA CRANE SERVICE CLASS
INTERMS OF LOAD CLASS AND LOAD CYCLES
oe Kama
Loan erreonve
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F0
T A a a o Ts 0
u 8 © o asst 07
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Le o ast 100
vega
O A | Reguar ve
ES wen | wen | name
totowecty | maman | comicos | cons
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pes |
LOAD CLASSES:
4
Cranes which oi te red lod xceptonaly and nomma, ver ton
= "Cranes wich carl ash ate oad, and normal oa of about Yo tho rte nd
= Cranes whic nis te rated ad tity requnty and nomaty, ac between % and 2h of he ated
La= Crane which ar regular loaded cis othe rated led
Loapcvetes:
N= 200001100000 ces
N= 1000001 500.00 ects
8000001 2,000,000 eas
(ver 2,000,000 yates
12
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LENIN REN EAN NENA AAA ema
74-3 STRUCTURAL DESIGN
34 MATERIAL
‘Al structural sio! shoud confom to ASTU-A3B specications or shall bean accepted ype forthe purpose
foc which the steels tobe used andor the operatonso be performed oni. Otter sutable matenal moyos
used provided that he pans are proportonod to comparable design factors.
32 WELDING
A welding designs and procedures shall conform tothe cure issue al AWS 014.1, “Spectiction for
Welding industrial ang Mil Cranes.* Weld stresses dotornined by load combination Case 1. Sections
33231 and3 44.2, shal notexceed hat shownin ne applicable Section 3.4 or Table 3.4 7-1. Allowable
wel sressas for oad combination Cases 2 and 3, Sections 332.32 and 3.3.2.3 ar 1 be proportioned
in accordance with Sections 242 and 3.43.
33 STRUCTURE
334
332
8324
33244
332111
332112
332113
Gone
‘The crano girder shal be welded structural steel box section, wide lange bear, standard beam, enforced
beamorá socton fabricated from structural plates and shapes, The manulactutar shall spi he ype and
the constuction 10 be furnished. Camber and sweep should be measured by Ine marulacturer por to
shipment
Loadinge
‘The cane structures ae subjocted, in service, to repeated loading varying vi time which induce variable
sesses in mombors and connectons through theinteracionol he structuralsystemans he cross coin
shapes. The loads acting onthe structure are divided into tree different categories. Allo the loads having
{aninftuence on enginactng strength analysis are regardod as principal loacs,namly the dead los which
Are always present the hoist load, acting during each cycle; and the noria forces acting during the
movemeris of cranes, crane components, and hoist loads, Load effects, such as operating wind loads,
‘skewing forces, snow loads temperature fects, ar classedas adaional loads and ae ony consigaredfot
the general strongth analysis andinstablty analysis. Otherioads such as co on, cutol service win load,
{and test loads apple during the load tes are regardod as extraordinary loads and except for colsion and
out of service wind loads are not part of he specication. Seismic orcos are not considered inthe design
specticaton. However I required, accoleratons shal be specie a ie crane ral levaton by the owner
‘or Specier, The allowable stress levels under tis condition of lading shal ba agreed upon with he cran
manufacturer.
Principal Loads
eed Load (DL)
‘The weightoalefective parts ol hebrdge structure, themachinary pars andthe fixed equipment supported
by te stnctue.
Trolley Load (TL)
‘Te weight of te ol andthe equipment tached 1 the too
Lites Lo (LL)
‘The iedond consist of he working loa ante weigh of the iting devices usedtor handing andhaking
‘he working load such as the load Diack, ing beam, bucket, magnet, grab and the eter supplomental
sevice,
2
34 MATERIAL
‘Al structural sio! shoud confom to ASTU-A3B specications or shall bean accepted ype forthe purpose
foc which the steels tobe used andor the operatonso be performed oni. Otter sutable matenal moyos
used provided that he pans are proportonod to comparable design factors.
32 WELDING
A welding designs and procedures shall conform tothe cure issue al AWS 014.1, “Spectiction for
Welding industrial ang Mil Cranes.* Weld stresses dotornined by load combination Case 1. Sections
33231 and3 44.2, shal notexceed hat shownin ne applicable Section 3.4 or Table 3.4 7-1. Allowable
wel sressas for oad combination Cases 2 and 3, Sections 332.32 and 3.3.2.3 ar 1 be proportioned
in accordance with Sections 242 and 3.43.
33 STRUCTURE
334
332
8324
33244
332111
332112
332113
Gone
‘The crano girder shal be welded structural steel box section, wide lange bear, standard beam, enforced
beamorá socton fabricated from structural plates and shapes, The manulactutar shall spi he ype and
the constuction 10 be furnished. Camber and sweep should be measured by Ine marulacturer por to
shipment
Loadinge
‘The cane structures ae subjocted, in service, to repeated loading varying vi time which induce variable
sesses in mombors and connectons through theinteracionol he structuralsystemans he cross coin
shapes. The loads acting onthe structure are divided into tree different categories. Allo the loads having
{aninftuence on enginactng strength analysis are regardod as principal loacs,namly the dead los which
Are always present the hoist load, acting during each cycle; and the noria forces acting during the
movemeris of cranes, crane components, and hoist loads, Load effects, such as operating wind loads,
‘skewing forces, snow loads temperature fects, ar classedas adaional loads and ae ony consigaredfot
the general strongth analysis andinstablty analysis. Otherioads such as co on, cutol service win load,
{and test loads apple during the load tes are regardod as extraordinary loads and except for colsion and
out of service wind loads are not part of he specication. Seismic orcos are not considered inthe design
specticaton. However I required, accoleratons shal be specie a ie crane ral levaton by the owner
‘or Specier, The allowable stress levels under tis condition of lading shal ba agreed upon with he cran
manufacturer.
Principal Loads
eed Load (DL)
‘The weightoalefective parts ol hebrdge structure, themachinary pars andthe fixed equipment supported
by te stnctue.
Trolley Load (TL)
‘Te weight of te ol andthe equipment tached 1 the too
Lites Lo (LL)
‘The iedond consist of he working loa ante weigh of the iting devices usedtor handing andhaking
‘he working load such as the load Diack, ing beam, bucket, magnet, grab and the eter supplomental
sevice,
2
232114
3321441
3321142
332115
33212
932124
Vertical inertia Forces
‘The verical neta forces incudothoso duo lo he motion oh cranes or te crane components and those
due to Hg or lowering ofthe hist bad These acctional loadings may be includes in a simple manner
bythe application ota seperate facorforthedeadload (OL F) ana foto nostoaa (HLF) by which the vertical
acting loads, the member forces or the stresses due to them must be multiplied.
Dead Load Factor (OLF)
‘This factor covers any the dea loads ofthe crane trlloyang its associated equipment and shal be taken
according to
(oF)
1 5 1.05 + Travel Speed iFPM) < 12
2000
Hoist Load Factor
‘This factor appli tothe mation of the rated load inthe vertical cretion, and covers nena forces, the mass
forces due o ne sudden Ming of he hot loge and na uncertaimias in afowing for eier Infuesces. The
poistoad factor is 0.5 percent ne hoisting speed n eo! pet minute, bu rotiess than 15 percentor more
‘nan 50 percor, except or bucket and magnateraros or which the value sha be taken as SO percent othe
{ted capacity ofthe buckel or magnet nat.
(HLF) = 15 5 008 x Hest Spec (FRM) < 5
Inertia Forces From Drives (IFO)
“Tne nets force oceur during acceleration or deceleration orcrane mations and depend onthe diving and.
braking torques applied by the drive nis and brakes dunng each cycle
‘The lateral load due to acceleration or decaleration shall be a percentage of no vertical load ard shall be
considered as 7. times the lateral acceleration or deceleration rate (FT/SECY butnot less than 2. partant
‘ofthe verical load. This percantage isto be applied te both the Ivo and dead loads, exclusive ofthe and.
trucks. The lve load shal be locale inthe same position as won calevating the vertical moment. The
‘moment of inaria af tre entre girdr section about its vertical ai chal be used to determine the stresses
ue Lo lateral forces. The neta lors during aceleration and deceleration anal be caleulatedineacn case
‘ith the trey In te worst postion forthe component being analyzed.
Additional Loads
Operating Wind Load (WLO)
Uns otherwise spacitiod, the lateral operational load due to wind on outdoor cranes shall be consideres
85 5 pounds per squaro foot of projected area exposed tothe wine. The wind load on te rotey shall be
considered as equal divided between the two giders. Where mulipl surfaces aro exposed tothe wind,
such as bridge girs, and the horizontal distance betweon the surfaces I greater than the depth ofthe
lr, no wind area shall be considered tobe 1.5 times the projected area ofthe larger girder. For single
‘surfaces, such as cabs or machinory enclosures, the wind area shal be considered to be 1.2 (or that
aplicable shape acer pau ASCE 7 tri) mes e projected are account for nage
pressure onthe leeward sie ofthe structure.
4
4
x
8
t
ENANA a
JARA
3321441
3321142
332115
33212
932124
Vertical inertia Forces
‘The verical neta forces incudothoso duo lo he motion oh cranes or te crane components and those
due to Hg or lowering ofthe hist bad These acctional loadings may be includes in a simple manner
bythe application ota seperate facorforthedeadload (OL F) ana foto nostoaa (HLF) by which the vertical
acting loads, the member forces or the stresses due to them must be multiplied.
Dead Load Factor (OLF)
‘This factor covers any the dea loads ofthe crane trlloyang its associated equipment and shal be taken
according to
(oF)
1 5 1.05 + Travel Speed iFPM) < 12
2000
Hoist Load Factor
‘This factor appli tothe mation of the rated load inthe vertical cretion, and covers nena forces, the mass
forces due o ne sudden Ming of he hot loge and na uncertaimias in afowing for eier Infuesces. The
poistoad factor is 0.5 percent ne hoisting speed n eo! pet minute, bu rotiess than 15 percentor more
‘nan 50 percor, except or bucket and magnateraros or which the value sha be taken as SO percent othe
{ted capacity ofthe buckel or magnet nat.
(HLF) = 15 5 008 x Hest Spec (FRM) < 5
Inertia Forces From Drives (IFO)
“Tne nets force oceur during acceleration or deceleration orcrane mations and depend onthe diving and.
braking torques applied by the drive nis and brakes dunng each cycle
‘The lateral load due to acceleration or decaleration shall be a percentage of no vertical load ard shall be
considered as 7. times the lateral acceleration or deceleration rate (FT/SECY butnot less than 2. partant
‘ofthe verical load. This percantage isto be applied te both the Ivo and dead loads, exclusive ofthe and.
trucks. The lve load shal be locale inthe same position as won calevating the vertical moment. The
‘moment of inaria af tre entre girdr section about its vertical ai chal be used to determine the stresses
ue Lo lateral forces. The neta lors during aceleration and deceleration anal be caleulatedineacn case
‘ith the trey In te worst postion forthe component being analyzed.
Additional Loads
Operating Wind Load (WLO)
Uns otherwise spacitiod, the lateral operational load due to wind on outdoor cranes shall be consideres
85 5 pounds per squaro foot of projected area exposed tothe wine. The wind load on te rotey shall be
considered as equal divided between the two giders. Where mulipl surfaces aro exposed tothe wind,
such as bridge girs, and the horizontal distance betweon the surfaces I greater than the depth ofthe
lr, no wind area shall be considered tobe 1.5 times the projected area ofthe larger girder. For single
‘surfaces, such as cabs or machinory enclosures, the wind area shal be considered to be 1.2 (or that
aplicable shape acer pau ASCE 7 tri) mes e projected are account for nage
pressure onthe leeward sie ofthe structure.
4
4
x
8
t
ENANA a
JARA
332122
33213
332131
232432
3322
33221
{Golision Fores
FORCES DUE To SKEWING (SK)
‘When wheo!s ol longa ral the horizontal forces nova to the ral, and tending to skew the structure shat
be taken into cons deraton. Te horizontal forces shall be obiained by mul ping the vertical oad pear
on each whee!byesefieientS, which depends upon ie ratioo the span tothe wheel base. The moules
isthe distance between In ollermast reel,
o18
015
sy 010
0.05
SPAN.
RATIO = SPAN
WHEELBASE
Extraordinary Loader
Stored Wind Load (WLS)
‘This the maximum wind tha a crane is designed o withstand during cu of service condon, The speed
and test pressure varies with te height ofthe crana above tne surrounding ground level. geographical
locaton and degree of exposure to prevaling wins (See ASCE 7-latest vision as applicable)
(cr)
‘Special loading ol he crane structure resulting from te bumper stops, shal be calculated with the crane at
(04 times the tee speed assuming the bumper systom is capable of absoring the energy within ta design
‘Stoke. Load suspended from ing equipment andre oscllting load need not be taken to consideraton
‘Where the load cannot swing, he Dumper act shal be calcuatas in the same manner takng ino account
{ne value ofthe load, The kinetic energy released on the colision of two cranes win he moving masces of
M, M anda 40 percent maximum travoing speed of V, and V, shal ne determined from the folowing
equation:
En MIA, + Av
20%, + M)
‘The bumper forces shallbe distributed in accordance with the bumper characteristics ant reedom othe
‘ation ofthe structure Win he tole in is wort polo,
‘Should the crane application require that maximum deceleration rates andor stopping frees be limited due
lo suspended load or building structure considerations, or bumper impact velocves greater than 40% of
maximum crane velocry are fo be provided or, such concitons should bs defined atthe ime ofthe cane
Torsional Forces and Moments
Due tothe Starting and Stopping of the Bridge Motors
‘The Wisting moment due to ine staring and stopping of bridge motors shal be considered asthe stating
torque of the bridge motor at 200 percent of ful ead torque mulipied by the gear ro between the motor
and cross shaft
8
33213
332131
232432
3322
33221
{Golision Fores
FORCES DUE To SKEWING (SK)
‘When wheo!s ol longa ral the horizontal forces nova to the ral, and tending to skew the structure shat
be taken into cons deraton. Te horizontal forces shall be obiained by mul ping the vertical oad pear
on each whee!byesefieientS, which depends upon ie ratioo the span tothe wheel base. The moules
isthe distance between In ollermast reel,
o18
015
sy 010
0.05
SPAN.
RATIO = SPAN
WHEELBASE
Extraordinary Loader
Stored Wind Load (WLS)
‘This the maximum wind tha a crane is designed o withstand during cu of service condon, The speed
and test pressure varies with te height ofthe crana above tne surrounding ground level. geographical
locaton and degree of exposure to prevaling wins (See ASCE 7-latest vision as applicable)
(cr)
‘Special loading ol he crane structure resulting from te bumper stops, shal be calculated with the crane at
(04 times the tee speed assuming the bumper systom is capable of absoring the energy within ta design
‘Stoke. Load suspended from ing equipment andre oscllting load need not be taken to consideraton
‘Where the load cannot swing, he Dumper act shal be calcuatas in the same manner takng ino account
{ne value ofthe load, The kinetic energy released on the colision of two cranes win he moving masces of
M, M anda 40 percent maximum travoing speed of V, and V, shal ne determined from the folowing
equation:
En MIA, + Av
20%, + M)
‘The bumper forces shallbe distributed in accordance with the bumper characteristics ant reedom othe
‘ation ofthe structure Win he tole in is wort polo,
‘Should the crane application require that maximum deceleration rates andor stopping frees be limited due
lo suspended load or building structure considerations, or bumper impact velocves greater than 40% of
maximum crane velocry are fo be provided or, such concitons should bs defined atthe ime ofthe cane
Torsional Forces and Moments
Due tothe Starting and Stopping of the Bridge Motors
‘The Wisting moment due to ine staring and stopping of bridge motors shal be considered asthe stating
torque of the bridge motor at 200 percent of ful ead torque mulipied by the gear ro between the motor
and cross shaft
8
39222
2221
33223
332231
3323
33231
33292
33233
332331
332332
332333
3224
33241
Due to Vertical Loads:
Torsional moment eu to vortea forces acing eccentic to the vertcal neutral axis ofthe girder shall De
¡considered as those vertical orcas mulpied bythe horizontal distance batween Ihacanierine othe orces
nd the shear conter of ne gr.
‘Due to Lateral Loads:
‘The torsional moment ue tothe lateral forces acting eccenvietothehoizotal neural axis ofthe gré shal
‘be considered as those horizontal forces mulipted by the vical distance between the centaine ol the
forces and the shear center othe girder.
Load Combination
‘Tho combined sresses anal be clculatod forthe allowing design cases:
Case 1: Crane in regular use under principal loading (Sres Level 1)
DL (OLE) +TL (OLE) + LL (1 + HLF) + FO
Case 2: Crane in regular ue under principal and addon lacing (Stress Level 2)
DL(OLE,) + TL (OF) + LL (14 HLF) + FD + WLO+ SK
Case 3: Exraordinary Loads (Sress Level)
Crane subject 1 out of servico wind
DL Te MS
Crane in coiion
OL eL+LL+ CF
Tost Loads
CMAA recommends tet oad not excaod 126 porcant fated ead
Local Bending of Flanges Dueto Whee! Loads
Each whee! oad shallbe considered asa concetraed load appied a the center of wheel contact wth he
flange (Figure 9.3.24-1) Local lange bending stresses inthe late (x) an longitudinal (y) directon at
certain cial points may be calculated rom the flowing formas.
Underside of lange a ange-to-veb anstion —Poin O:
CRC
04-6,
“or
16
AAA ARA AAA ARA ee nd
nee és
2221
33223
332231
3323
33231
33292
33233
332331
332332
332333
3224
33241
Due to Vertical Loads:
Torsional moment eu to vortea forces acing eccentic to the vertcal neutral axis ofthe girder shall De
¡considered as those vertical orcas mulpied bythe horizontal distance batween Ihacanierine othe orces
nd the shear conter of ne gr.
‘Due to Lateral Loads:
‘The torsional moment ue tothe lateral forces acting eccenvietothehoizotal neural axis ofthe gré shal
‘be considered as those horizontal forces mulipted by the vical distance between the centaine ol the
forces and the shear center othe girder.
Load Combination
‘Tho combined sresses anal be clculatod forthe allowing design cases:
Case 1: Crane in regular use under principal loading (Sres Level 1)
DL (OLE) +TL (OLE) + LL (1 + HLF) + FO
Case 2: Crane in regular ue under principal and addon lacing (Stress Level 2)
DL(OLE,) + TL (OF) + LL (14 HLF) + FD + WLO+ SK
Case 3: Exraordinary Loads (Sress Level)
Crane subject 1 out of servico wind
DL Te MS
Crane in coiion
OL eL+LL+ CF
Tost Loads
CMAA recommends tet oad not excaod 126 porcant fated ead
Local Bending of Flanges Dueto Whee! Loads
Each whee! oad shallbe considered asa concetraed load appied a the center of wheel contact wth he
flange (Figure 9.3.24-1) Local lange bending stresses inthe late (x) an longitudinal (y) directon at
certain cial points may be calculated rom the flowing formas.
Underside of lange a ange-to-veb anstion —Poin O:
CRC
04-6,
“or
16
AAA ARA AAA ARA ee nd
nee és
Topside of ange at tange-o-web transtion-— Point 2
O, = 5, 5,
“On
For tapered lange sections (Figure 2.3.2.42)
Cu = 1.008 4 1.0052 + 0,1820-808
Gui = 8.865 ~ 4.8951 - 9.9050 -20753
Cy, = 0.881 1.6792 + 1120018 à
Gy, = 1.810 - 1.180% + 1.080 7902
for standard
\
. "5" section
Where: ty = published fange thickness for standard
* ston (incnes)
For parallel flange section (Figure 3.2.2.4-8& 4:
Guen 2.100 + 19772 + 0007680532
Gq, = 10108 - 7.408% = 10108086
Oya = 0050-0580) + 0,148 287 à
Cy = 2290-149 24 1anoe-mmı
For single vob symetrical sections (Figure 3.32.42. 3)
2a
ie ie.
Be
'b = section width across fanges (acho)
For other cases (Figure 332.44)
ve
=
° «distance from centerine of web to edge of lange (inches)
where: Load per whee! including HLF (pounds)
Flange thickness at point of load application inches)
Web thickness (inches)
Distance from edge o lange to point of whee lead application (inches) (Center of wheet contact),
= Napieñan base =2.71828,
core
83242 Thelocalzed stresses due lo local bending effects imposed by wheel loads calculated at ponts O and
1 are to be combined wit Ihe stesses due tothe Case 2 loading spectieg in paragraph 0:92:93 of his
specication,
7
O, = 5, 5,
“On
For tapered lange sections (Figure 2.3.2.42)
Cu = 1.008 4 1.0052 + 0,1820-808
Gui = 8.865 ~ 4.8951 - 9.9050 -20753
Cy, = 0.881 1.6792 + 1120018 à
Gy, = 1.810 - 1.180% + 1.080 7902
for standard
\
. "5" section
Where: ty = published fange thickness for standard
* ston (incnes)
For parallel flange section (Figure 3.2.2.4-8& 4:
Guen 2.100 + 19772 + 0007680532
Gq, = 10108 - 7.408% = 10108086
Oya = 0050-0580) + 0,148 287 à
Cy = 2290-149 24 1anoe-mmı
For single vob symetrical sections (Figure 3.32.42. 3)
2a
ie ie.
Be
'b = section width across fanges (acho)
For other cases (Figure 332.44)
ve
=
° «distance from centerine of web to edge of lange (inches)
where: Load per whee! including HLF (pounds)
Flange thickness at point of load application inches)
Web thickness (inches)
Distance from edge o lange to point of whee lead application (inches) (Center of wheet contact),
= Napieñan base =2.71828,
core
83242 Thelocalzed stresses due lo local bending effects imposed by wheel loads calculated at ponts O and
1 are to be combined wit Ihe stesses due tothe Case 2 loading spectieg in paragraph 0:92:93 of his
specication,
7
Fo 0324 ts
pr
e
ss pan:
}
Pano «
wae
y
Lower Car ta Box Gir
Fa 20240 fgisaans
se
MAA ARAS AAA A RR EA ne
pr
e
ss pan:
}
Pano «
wae
y
Lower Car ta Box Gir
Fa 20240 fgisaans
se
MAA ARAS AAA A RR EA ne
33243
33244
93245
‘When calculating tne combined stress tellange bending tresses ring wad girdersaretobe diminished
19 79% ofthe value calculated per paragraph 832.41
‘The combined sires vale (O) obtained by te method prescribedin 34.4.1 shal nctexcoed he allowable
Case 2 sess level 0.68 O
‘Aetitonay, in ne case of welded pat gies aj th localize stvesses on tr topside ofthe ange at tho
ttange-to-wob ransiion (Pont 2) are 1 be combined with he stresses due o ho Case loading cren
in paragraph 3.3.2.3.2 ol this specication,
‘Thecombined stress value (O, inthe woldatPoint2obainodby te meihocprescrbadin paragraph 3.4.4.2
Shall not exceed the alowable weld stress spec in paragraph 3.2 nor shal the stress range in ho weld
‘exceed the value specified in Table 3,4 7-1 for Joint category E.
‘Thelocaliange bending crteriaper sation 32.4istobemetin additonte the genealerteriacl paragraphs
39.2.3 and section 3.
Atload vanste pains, consideration shouldbe given tolowor ange stresses which are not calulable by he
formulae presented in secton 3.3.2.4
34 ALLOWABLE STRESSES
sai
3441
3442
345
346
346.1
[SIRES | Aowaste” | ALU ALMA | ALOE
leve, |cowpnession| "TENSION | "Sun | “Gentine
anocase |“TSmess "| nes | sinus | sraces
au y 2500, 000. | 0350, | 070,
242 2 080, 0000. | 0350, | 0900
343 5 | 00% 0750» | 060, | 090,
“Note to Bucking Seo pargraph 346 an424,
Combined Stresses
are stato of combined plane stresses exts, the reference stress ot can be calulated from tne following
formu
© = ORO R-OR ER Ou
For wold, maximum combined stress O, shal be calculated as flows:
Ge [0,0] an VIO, - 0,1 oat Oe
Buckling Analysis
“The analysis for proving safety against local buckling and lateral and torsonal bucking ofthe web pato and
Jocal bucking of tho rectangular plates formingpartoltrecompressionmember, shall rade inaccordance
witha gereraly accepted theory ofthe strength of matenals. (See Section 3.48)
Compression Member
‘The average alowable compression stress onthe cross section area ol axially loaded compression member
‘susceptible to bucking shallbe calculated when KL (the largest elective slendemassraleofany segmen)
18 less man,
33244
93245
‘When calculating tne combined stress tellange bending tresses ring wad girdersaretobe diminished
19 79% ofthe value calculated per paragraph 832.41
‘The combined sires vale (O) obtained by te method prescribedin 34.4.1 shal nctexcoed he allowable
Case 2 sess level 0.68 O
‘Aetitonay, in ne case of welded pat gies aj th localize stvesses on tr topside ofthe ange at tho
ttange-to-wob ransiion (Pont 2) are 1 be combined with he stresses due o ho Case loading cren
in paragraph 3.3.2.3.2 ol this specication,
‘Thecombined stress value (O, inthe woldatPoint2obainodby te meihocprescrbadin paragraph 3.4.4.2
Shall not exceed the alowable weld stress spec in paragraph 3.2 nor shal the stress range in ho weld
‘exceed the value specified in Table 3,4 7-1 for Joint category E.
‘Thelocaliange bending crteriaper sation 32.4istobemetin additonte the genealerteriacl paragraphs
39.2.3 and section 3.
Atload vanste pains, consideration shouldbe given tolowor ange stresses which are not calulable by he
formulae presented in secton 3.3.2.4
34 ALLOWABLE STRESSES
sai
3441
3442
345
346
346.1
[SIRES | Aowaste” | ALU ALMA | ALOE
leve, |cowpnession| "TENSION | "Sun | “Gentine
anocase |“TSmess "| nes | sinus | sraces
au y 2500, 000. | 0350, | 070,
242 2 080, 0000. | 0350, | 0900
343 5 | 00% 0750» | 060, | 090,
“Note to Bucking Seo pargraph 346 an424,
Combined Stresses
are stato of combined plane stresses exts, the reference stress ot can be calulated from tne following
formu
© = ORO R-OR ER Ou
For wold, maximum combined stress O, shal be calculated as flows:
Ge [0,0] an VIO, - 0,1 oat Oe
Buckling Analysis
“The analysis for proving safety against local buckling and lateral and torsonal bucking ofthe web pato and
Jocal bucking of tho rectangular plates formingpartoltrecompressionmember, shall rade inaccordance
witha gereraly accepted theory ofthe strength of matenals. (See Section 3.48)
Compression Member
‘The average alowable compression stress onthe cross section area ol axially loaded compression member
‘susceptible to bucking shallbe calculated when KL (the largest elective slendemassraleofany segmen)
18 less man,
3462
3463
fg]
“=
[= Saye _ um],
3 30, 7 8
sere: wo tere
were: 6, E
‘The average alowablo compression stress onthe crass section area of axial loaded compression members
suscepible to bucking snaïlbe caluatea when Kr the largest efectivo slandernassratioat any segment)
exceeds O:
eee
EN
Members subjected lo beth axial compression and bending stessos shal be propartones to satisy the
following requirements
CA
Tae
O O. 0,
La 7a Se
nen
o
a
o a
mut ms"
úfoctiv length factor
unbraceg longi of compression member
‘acs of gyration of member
malus of elasticity
ie point
‘the computes axial stress
computed compressive bering sress at he pont under consideration
‘axial stress that wil be ported nal force alone existed
compressive bonding sirass that wil be permitted if bending moment alone existed
allowable compression stress rom Section 3.4
O, = ère
ADN
111 Case 1
costicient whose value is taken tobe:
e
4
‘
3463
fg]
“=
[= Saye _ um],
3 30, 7 8
sere: wo tere
were: 6, E
‘The average alowablo compression stress onthe crass section area of axial loaded compression members
suscepible to bucking snaïlbe caluatea when Kr the largest efectivo slandernassratioat any segment)
exceeds O:
eee
EN
Members subjected lo beth axial compression and bending stessos shal be propartones to satisy the
following requirements
CA
Tae
O O. 0,
La 7a Se
nen
o
a
o a
mut ms"
úfoctiv length factor
unbraceg longi of compression member
‘acs of gyration of member
malus of elasticity
ie point
‘the computes axial stress
computed compressive bering sress at he pont under consideration
‘axial stress that wil be ported nal force alone existed
compressive bonding sirass that wil be permitted if bending moment alone existed
allowable compression stress rom Section 3.4
O, = ère
ADN
111 Case 1
costicient whose value is taken tobe:
e
4
‘
347
1. Forcompression members in ames subject 1 join translation (sidesway). C, = 0.85
For restrained compression members in Hamas braced against ont tanslton and net subject to
transverse loading between ther supports in the plane of bending
508 -
whore MM, I tora ofihe ema o larger moments at ends of rat porion of the member unbraced
inthe plane of bending under consideration. MM, poslve when the mamberisbentin reverse Que
‘negative when bent ia singe curvatura.
3. Forcompression members in frame braced against jin Ianslaton inthe plane of loading and
subjoctedto transverse loading between hol supports, ha value of C, may be determined oy rational
‘analysis. However, in leu of such analysis, te folowing values may be uses:
2. Formembers whose ande ave restained C, = 0.85
. Formembers whose ends are untatrined C, = 1.0
Allowable Stress Range - Repeated Load
Members and fasteners subject o repeated load shal De designed so thatthe maximum stress dos not
{92866 that shown in Sections 2.4.1 thw 3.¢ 8, ror shall he stress range (maximum stras minus met
ess) ex000d allowable values for various categories ae listed in Table 2.4 7-1. The minimum rss la
onsidoredtobenegativet ts opposieinsigntotemaximum res. The categories aredeserbedin Table
24.724 wit sketches shown in Fig, 247-28, The allowable stress range 1 be based onthe condition
‘most neary approximates by Ihe description and skeich. Sea Figure'3.4.7-3 or typical box dure
TABLE D 474
ALLOWABLE STRESS RANGE Kal
CMAA JOINT CATEGORY
Goss A a © o [E F
A e | s| a | 2 | +
8 5 » | e | 2 |» |.
© E a» | a 6 | ws |
o a » | "I » | In
a
1. Forcompression members in ames subject 1 join translation (sidesway). C, = 0.85
For restrained compression members in Hamas braced against ont tanslton and net subject to
transverse loading between ther supports in the plane of bending
508 -
whore MM, I tora ofihe ema o larger moments at ends of rat porion of the member unbraced
inthe plane of bending under consideration. MM, poslve when the mamberisbentin reverse Que
‘negative when bent ia singe curvatura.
3. Forcompression members in frame braced against jin Ianslaton inthe plane of loading and
subjoctedto transverse loading between hol supports, ha value of C, may be determined oy rational
‘analysis. However, in leu of such analysis, te folowing values may be uses:
2. Formembers whose ande ave restained C, = 0.85
. Formembers whose ends are untatrined C, = 1.0
Allowable Stress Range - Repeated Load
Members and fasteners subject o repeated load shal De designed so thatthe maximum stress dos not
{92866 that shown in Sections 2.4.1 thw 3.¢ 8, ror shall he stress range (maximum stras minus met
ess) ex000d allowable values for various categories ae listed in Table 2.4 7-1. The minimum rss la
onsidoredtobenegativet ts opposieinsigntotemaximum res. The categories aredeserbedin Table
24.724 wit sketches shown in Fig, 247-28, The allowable stress range 1 be based onthe condition
‘most neary approximates by Ihe description and skeich. Sea Figure'3.4.7-3 or typical box dure
TABLE D 474
ALLOWABLE STRESS RANGE Kal
CMAA JOINT CATEGORY
Goss A a © o [E F
A e | s| a | 2 | +
8 5 » | e | 2 |» |.
© E a» | a 6 | ws |
o a » | "I » | In
a
Ha
a
4
h
i
É
i
i]
H
i
Hy
ee ag moran ta men |
ta
[az ona ose O 0 | Rens Fes
mme)» [RES = a e le] AA E
ie o wan a
vervesmavi
a
4
h
i
É
i
i]
H
i
Hy
ee ag moran ta men |
ta
[az ona ose O 0 | Rens Fes
mme)» [RES = a e le] AA E
ie o wan a
vervesmavi
= he he
(ponunuo9) verze av
(ponunuo9) verze av
6060060080
348
3481
3482
BUCKLING
Local Bueking or Crippling of Flat Plates
“The structural design ofthe crane must guard against cal bucking and latoratorsionl buckling ofthe web
Platos ard cover pate ofthe gir. For purposes of assessing bucking, tne plates are suodnided nto
‘ectanguia panels of length "a" and with "0° The length" of these panels corresponds o the center
‘stance cl the ful deptndapnragms or transverse stffeners welded tothe panas.
Inthe case of compression Tangos the length "bof te panal indicates the distance between web plates or
the distance beige web plates andor longitudinal stanere. nthe case of web plates, th length >" othe
‘pane indicate he dpi the girder, ortho distance boton compression flanges or ensien langes and
‘or horizontal tener
Coal bucking stress shal be assumed o De a mulípe ofthe Euler Stress O),
O,= KO; Te KO,
wheres Ky
K
buckding coaicient compression
buckling coefficient shear
‘The bucking cooticiontk, ang, areidentiiedtor few simple casos fe plates wi simpy supported edges
in Table 34.62: and defend of:
= ratio OL = ab ofthe two sices of the plate,
manner ia which the pla
is supported along the edges
= type o loading sustained bythe plat,
His natine intention ofthis specification to ente Into further details of his problem. Fora more detaled and
‘complex analysis such as evaluation of elastically restrained edges, cominuty of pate, and determination ol
‘he coefficient of restait reference shauld be made to spocialzod ioral
(©, = Euler bucking stress which can be determined from the following formula:
EE] b >
E = modulus of last (fr stes! E = 29,000,000 pa)
HL = Poissons rato (fr stel U= 0.3)
{= thickness of plat inches)
= main of plate (inches) perpendicular Io te compression force
compression and shear stressas oocu simultaneously, the individual etica! bucking stresses O, and T,
andthe celelated stress values O and T are used to determino th critical comparison suess:
3481
3482
BUCKLING
Local Bueking or Crippling of Flat Plates
“The structural design ofthe crane must guard against cal bucking and latoratorsionl buckling ofthe web
Platos ard cover pate ofthe gir. For purposes of assessing bucking, tne plates are suodnided nto
‘ectanguia panels of length "a" and with "0° The length" of these panels corresponds o the center
‘stance cl the ful deptndapnragms or transverse stffeners welded tothe panas.
Inthe case of compression Tangos the length "bof te panal indicates the distance between web plates or
the distance beige web plates andor longitudinal stanere. nthe case of web plates, th length >" othe
‘pane indicate he dpi the girder, ortho distance boton compression flanges or ensien langes and
‘or horizontal tener
Coal bucking stress shal be assumed o De a mulípe ofthe Euler Stress O),
O,= KO; Te KO,
wheres Ky
K
buckding coaicient compression
buckling coefficient shear
‘The bucking cooticiontk, ang, areidentiiedtor few simple casos fe plates wi simpy supported edges
in Table 34.62: and defend of:
= ratio OL = ab ofthe two sices of the plate,
manner ia which the pla
is supported along the edges
= type o loading sustained bythe plat,
His natine intention ofthis specification to ente Into further details of his problem. Fora more detaled and
‘complex analysis such as evaluation of elastically restrained edges, cominuty of pate, and determination ol
‘he coefficient of restait reference shauld be made to spocialzod ioral
(©, = Euler bucking stress which can be determined from the following formula:
EE] b >
E = modulus of last (fr stes! E = 29,000,000 pa)
HL = Poissons rato (fr stel U= 0.3)
{= thickness of plat inches)
= main of plate (inches) perpendicular Io te compression force
compression and shear stressas oocu simultaneously, the individual etica! bucking stresses O, and T,
andthe celelated stress values O and T are used to determino th critical comparison suess:
Et A Y A OE NO ERR RRL I ees
VoRiOd 58013 sous Eure Annoeumnum eu 20) “0 PUE 7 euro oF uosusuup q jenio,
‘900 ing “euor vosaidweo ow JO wipIM ew x z Aq LOUP CES LOUE TOP ul € 0887 u) "O pur D JO LOS ON Jod.
est
De - ne
= oz Fars
ow DK
, wel LL Bin
Brest en -soscons eue panique Aug | y
| ‘ge a ‘Om
META
ES 4 7
més faerie x
ELAN
Î 3
PRES
"ox = "o
2.
0% = "o
ven
Ha Ong pee]
VoRiOd 58013 sous Eure Annoeumnum eu 20) “0 PUE 7 euro oF uosusuup q jenio,
‘900 ing “euor vosaidweo ow JO wipIM ew x z Aq LOUP CES LOUE TOP ul € 0887 u) "O pur D JO LOS ON Jod.
est
De - ne
= oz Fars
ow DK
, wel LL Bin
Brest en -soscons eue panique Aug | y
| ‘ge a ‘Om
META
ES 4 7
més faerie x
ELAN
Î 3
PRES
"ox = "o
2.
0% = "o
ven
Ha Ong pee]
wh
© = actual compression stress
Ts Actua snearevess
2, = coca compression stress
Y. = erica shear str
Y = stress ratio (600 Table No,3.4.8.2-1)
Inthe spacial case where T = Oitissimply a, = and in the spacial case where © = Oinen
ein
lino resulting ral stress is below tn proportional mit, bucking i said to be elastic. ho resulting
valu is above the proportional imi, buckling is said to be inelate. For inelastis bucking, the erica!
stress shall bs reduced to:
EC
CS
01835 (a + Gr
where: 0, = yield paint
97 = proportional limit (assumed at)
3483 Design Factors
‘The buckling safely factis 9. calculated with th
Ineasecloustebucting: u = 72 2 ora
ern
Incase ctinlasicbueking Jy «te 208
en
TABLE 3484-1
LORD COMBINATION DESIGN FACTOR DES
Case ATELIER)
CR EDEN)
Case 3 [REITER
35 DESIGN LIMITATIONS
25:1 Guideïne for proportions of welded box girdrs:
Proportions:
Un should not exceed 25
Up shoud not exceso 65
‘i and ht to be substantiated by bucking analysis
2
© = actual compression stress
Ts Actua snearevess
2, = coca compression stress
Y. = erica shear str
Y = stress ratio (600 Table No,3.4.8.2-1)
Inthe spacial case where T = Oitissimply a, = and in the spacial case where © = Oinen
ein
lino resulting ral stress is below tn proportional mit, bucking i said to be elastic. ho resulting
valu is above the proportional imi, buckling is said to be inelate. For inelastis bucking, the erica!
stress shall bs reduced to:
EC
CS
01835 (a + Gr
where: 0, = yield paint
97 = proportional limit (assumed at)
3483 Design Factors
‘The buckling safely factis 9. calculated with th
Ineasecloustebucting: u = 72 2 ora
ern
Incase ctinlasicbueking Jy «te 208
en
TABLE 3484-1
LORD COMBINATION DESIGN FACTOR DES
Case ATELIER)
CR EDEN)
Case 3 [REITER
35 DESIGN LIMITATIONS
25:1 Guideïne for proportions of welded box girdrs:
Proportions:
Un should not exceed 25
Up shoud not exceso 65
‘i and ht to be substantiated by bucking analysis
2
3522
3523
353
3521
3532
Ur span (inches)
stance botweon webpiates (Inches)
pin o! order (ches)
“hickness e plat (nenes)
Longitudinal stifeners
Wen one longitudinal iífenr is used, i should be placed so thats centering is approximately 0.4 tines
the dans rom the inner surface ol the compression ange pate othe neural ax, sal have a moment
of noria no ess han:
RHEIN
11 O, is greater han O, a distance equa to twice the distance from the Inner surface ofthe compression
lang tothe neutral axis shall be substituted in place ct n" in equation for
nen two longitucnal sifteners are used, hay shouldbe placod so that thei conterines are approximately
2.25 and 0.55 imes the distance, especialy, rom the inner surface of the compression flange plate tothe
neutral axis. They shall each have a moment ol inertia ess tha
SS
HO isgreaterinan O, a distance equaltotwosthe distance romthe inner surface of hecompression fango
{othe neutral ax shal be substitute in pace of hin equation for.
wher:
= /ongitudnal distance betwosn tul dept daphragms or transverse sifeners (inches)
area of one longitucinalsiener (1)
1} = moment of arta Gr)
‘The moment o inet of ongitusinalstferers welded to one sido ofa plate shall be calculated about the
Interface of he plate adacent to tho stone. For elements ol ho silfeners supported along one edge, the
‘maximum widh to thickness rato shal not be greater han 127, and for elements supported slong bath
3965, the maximum wich to tickness ratio shal not be greater han 42.2. te rai 01 12.7 excBeded
forthe element fie sitenor supported along one edge, but a partion ofthe sitter element conforms to
the maximum wid-thickness rato and mests the Strass requirements wih the excess considored as
removed, the members considered acceptable,
Stifened Plates in Compression:
When one, two or three longitudinal tfeners are added a late under unilorm compression, ding inte
‘segments having equal unsupported widths, ul edge suppor willbe provided bythe longitudinal siena,
andine provisions of Section 3.5.2.3 may bo appied otro design ofthe plate material when sifaners meet
minimum requiremanis as flows:
For enatongtudina stifencr atthe center ofthe compression plate, where 1Y she unsupported half wth
between web and sifener, the moment of inerta of te sifener shall be na lees tha:
;
{
r
$
i
¿
if
H
4
8
E
+
(
{
,
;
.
.
.
SANT AN A
3523
353
3521
3532
Ur span (inches)
stance botweon webpiates (Inches)
pin o! order (ches)
“hickness e plat (nenes)
Longitudinal stifeners
Wen one longitudinal iífenr is used, i should be placed so thats centering is approximately 0.4 tines
the dans rom the inner surface ol the compression ange pate othe neural ax, sal have a moment
of noria no ess han:
RHEIN
11 O, is greater han O, a distance equa to twice the distance from the Inner surface ofthe compression
lang tothe neutral axis shall be substituted in place ct n" in equation for
nen two longitucnal sifteners are used, hay shouldbe placod so that thei conterines are approximately
2.25 and 0.55 imes the distance, especialy, rom the inner surface of the compression flange plate tothe
neutral axis. They shall each have a moment ol inertia ess tha
SS
HO isgreaterinan O, a distance equaltotwosthe distance romthe inner surface of hecompression fango
{othe neutral ax shal be substitute in pace of hin equation for.
wher:
= /ongitudnal distance betwosn tul dept daphragms or transverse sifeners (inches)
area of one longitucinalsiener (1)
1} = moment of arta Gr)
‘The moment o inet of ongitusinalstferers welded to one sido ofa plate shall be calculated about the
Interface of he plate adacent to tho stone. For elements ol ho silfeners supported along one edge, the
‘maximum widh to thickness rato shal not be greater han 127, and for elements supported slong bath
3965, the maximum wich to tickness ratio shal not be greater han 42.2. te rai 01 12.7 excBeded
forthe element fie sitenor supported along one edge, but a partion ofthe sitter element conforms to
the maximum wid-thickness rato and mests the Strass requirements wih the excess considored as
removed, the members considered acceptable,
Stifened Plates in Compression:
When one, two or three longitudinal tfeners are added a late under unilorm compression, ding inte
‘segments having equal unsupported widths, ul edge suppor willbe provided bythe longitudinal siena,
andine provisions of Section 3.5.2.3 may bo appied otro design ofthe plate material when sifaners meet
minimum requiremanis as flows:
For enatongtudina stifencr atthe center ofthe compression plate, where 1Y she unsupported half wth
between web and sifener, the moment of inerta of te sifener shall be na lees tha:
;
{
r
$
i
¿
if
H
4
8
E
+
(
{
,
;
.
.
.
SANT AN A
3533
3534
354.1
2542
2)? 430 A8] op
pl va
vefe so
The moment of inertia need rot bo greater in any ease than as given y the folowing equation
CIE
For two longtucinal siflaners at the third points of the compression flange, where DI is tho
Lvnsupporied width, and A he area of one stfener, the momento nora of each of the wo atflenore
shallbe no less tran:
oR
vet coa[2]* 200 22] vo
O
‘hemamenttnetarascrolon porn any crean
we [pew & se [42] Ju
à
For hroe longitudinal steners, spaced equidistant at the one four wi locations whare blé is the
‘unsupported with and limited o a/o<, he moment a ira ofeach ofthe three iffeners Sal noes
than:
vefastene [2]? on 22] so
ve
2°. onu nos on dagger tare sans nens)
A = 2 arm of stitoner (in?)
CT tree ote tered pe rc)
L © amenities
Sütanorsshal be designed to the provisions of Secton 3.5.22.
Diaphragms and Vertical Stifeners
‘The spacing of he vertical web sifenersin inches shall not exceed the amount given by the formula:
Ed)
vo
where: a = longitudinal distance between diaphragms or tansverse stileners (inches)
1 = thickness of web ches)
7, = shoar tres in web plates (ke)
"Nor should the soacing excead 72 inches orh, bre depth ofthe web, whichever is greater
Full depth diaphragms may be included as voical web stifeners toward meeting his requirement
a
3534
354.1
2542
2)? 430 A8] op
pl va
vefe so
The moment of inertia need rot bo greater in any ease than as given y the folowing equation
CIE
For two longtucinal siflaners at the third points of the compression flange, where DI is tho
Lvnsupporied width, and A he area of one stfener, the momento nora of each of the wo atflenore
shallbe no less tran:
oR
vet coa[2]* 200 22] vo
O
‘hemamenttnetarascrolon porn any crean
we [pew & se [42] Ju
à
For hroe longitudinal steners, spaced equidistant at the one four wi locations whare blé is the
‘unsupported with and limited o a/o<, he moment a ira ofeach ofthe three iffeners Sal noes
than:
vefastene [2]? on 22] so
ve
2°. onu nos on dagger tare sans nens)
A = 2 arm of stitoner (in?)
CT tree ote tered pe rc)
L © amenities
Sütanorsshal be designed to the provisions of Secton 3.5.22.
Diaphragms and Vertical Stifeners
‘The spacing of he vertical web sifenersin inches shall not exceed the amount given by the formula:
Ed)
vo
where: a = longitudinal distance between diaphragms or tansverse stileners (inches)
1 = thickness of web ches)
7, = shoar tres in web plates (ke)
"Nor should the soacing excead 72 inches orh, bre depth ofthe web, whichever is greater
Full depth diaphragms may be included as voical web stifeners toward meeting his requirement
a
3543
3544
355
3551
3553
ass
‘The moment of nets ol ary ransverse sífener about te ntelace othe web plate, used in the absence
cf aphragns, shall be no less tna:
be ara
a
where: a, = required distance between síeners (inches)
% = minimum rocuireg web thickness Gnches)
mament of rar rt)
‘Thismoment inertia does notinclude adctiona requirements, any, orlocalmoments.Süffenar elements
shall be proportioned o the provisions of Section 3.5.23.
ob pates shall Do suteby reinforoed wit ful depth claphragms or sifeners a ll major loa points.
Detection and Camber
‘The maximum vertical detection of uncambered grders producedty the dead lead, he welghtothois, olay
and the rate load shall not exceed 1/600 of the span. Verial inet forces shal not De considere an
Setermining detection,
‘Themaximum vorteal deecton fcambared girdars producedby the weightofte eit, ley andthe rated
load shall not exceed 1/888 ofthe span. Vertical inertia forces shall not be considered in determining
election
Box ders and inge webgidersshouldbecambered an amount qualothe dead oaddelection plus one-
half f the Ive loc deiecton,
Single Web Girders
Singlo web girders include wice flange beams, standard | beams, beams reinforced vith plates. or other
structural configurations having single wab. Vera necessary, an audi y der or ner sable means
Should be provided to suppor overhanging onde fo prevent urciuotorsional and lateral defections,
‘The maximum stesses wih combined lading for Case 1 shall ct exceed:
Tension (net section) = 06 O,
12000
Conso (a LE vin 1089,
For cases 2 and 3, propodion stresses in accordance with Sections 3.41, 2, ard,
wera: L
A
3
span (untraced length of op fange) (inches)
area of compression flange (in?)
depth of beam (inches)
Shear = 0350,
2
Say rig O an
NEVER
ANO
3544
355
3551
3553
ass
‘The moment of nets ol ary ransverse sífener about te ntelace othe web plate, used in the absence
cf aphragns, shall be no less tna:
be ara
a
where: a, = required distance between síeners (inches)
% = minimum rocuireg web thickness Gnches)
mament of rar rt)
‘Thismoment inertia does notinclude adctiona requirements, any, orlocalmoments.Süffenar elements
shall be proportioned o the provisions of Section 3.5.23.
ob pates shall Do suteby reinforoed wit ful depth claphragms or sifeners a ll major loa points.
Detection and Camber
‘The maximum vertical detection of uncambered grders producedty the dead lead, he welghtothois, olay
and the rate load shall not exceed 1/600 of the span. Verial inet forces shal not De considere an
Setermining detection,
‘Themaximum vorteal deecton fcambared girdars producedby the weightofte eit, ley andthe rated
load shall not exceed 1/888 ofthe span. Vertical inertia forces shall not be considered in determining
election
Box ders and inge webgidersshouldbecambered an amount qualothe dead oaddelection plus one-
half f the Ive loc deiecton,
Single Web Girders
Singlo web girders include wice flange beams, standard | beams, beams reinforced vith plates. or other
structural configurations having single wab. Vera necessary, an audi y der or ner sable means
Should be provided to suppor overhanging onde fo prevent urciuotorsional and lateral defections,
‘The maximum stesses wih combined lading for Case 1 shall ct exceed:
Tension (net section) = 06 O,
12000
Conso (a LE vin 1089,
For cases 2 and 3, propodion stresses in accordance with Sections 3.41, 2, ard,
wera: L
A
3
span (untraced length of op fange) (inches)
area of compression flange (in?)
depth of beam (inches)
Shear = 0350,
2
Say rig O an
NEVER
ANO
357
Box Section Girder Built of Two Beams
Box secon grr bul up af two beams, either wit r without rinoring ange plates, ha e design
Ascordrg toa same design data as or box section gr canes for sess and econ values oo
36 BRIDGE END TRUCK
381
362
263
364
‘The crane bilge shall be cari on endtucks designed t carr the rated whan ited atone endothe
rane bridge, The wheel base ofthe end truck shall bo 1/8 ofthe span or greater
End vucks may be ofthe rotating axe or fixed ale type as specifed by the rane manufacturer.
‘The bridge end ck shouldbe constructed of structural steel ar other suitable material, Provision shall be
‘made 10 proven he end truck trom dropping more than ana inch in case of axle faro, Guaras shell eo
Provided in ront ofeach ouside wheel and sha project below the op ofthe runway ral. Load combinations
And basic allowaale stresses are tobe in accorcance wih Sections 38.2.3 ard 3.
linen appropriate, equalizer bridge tus ar 1 be incorporates to promote sharing ol bridge whee! oad,
Equaizing pis ate to be provided between equalizer truck and equalzer baama andor niga Drage
roles,
3.7. OPERATOR'S CAB
374
372
373
374
375
‘The standard locaton ofthe operators cab sat one end ofthe crane bridge unless otherwise specified. It
halbe solocatedasnottoinerare with the hook approach. The operators cab shall open por nor
¡sendos unless otherwise speciied, The cab shal be adequate» braced to prevent swaylng or orton bat
Polo ast nerere wih access to ts cab or the vision of te operator. Al als for supooring member
connections should bein shea. Cab shal be provided wih an aucbie warning device andre exongulsher,
Frovisons shal be made in the operators cab for placementofthe necessary equipment, wing andtitings,
Al cabs shouldbe provided with a seat unless atherwice species,
For allowable stresses, use stress level 2, Section 3.42.
‘The controles or their operating handles are located as shown in Section 5.7.3 forthe cab locaton, unless
otherwise Spec,
‘The means of access and egress tothe cab should cantor to ANSVASME Standards 890.17.
3.8 STRUCTURAL BOLTING
381
382
383
gina designed es high strength botes comectionsaretocontormto requirements the “Specifications or
Structural Joins Usiog ASTM A325 or A490 Bol as published by AISC, for load combination, Case 1,
Section 3.328 1. Zine causes stress corrosion in A490 and should not be uses,
Finished and unfinished bolts, ASTM A307, are tobe used a values of 90 percent of those tabuatedin Part
$ of the current issue of the AISC Manual of Steel Construction for load combination Case 1, Secon
83234
‘Afowable bo sressesforload combination Cases end 3, Sections 3.2.2 and 3 re tbe proportioned
in accordance with Sections 3.4.1, 2 and 3.
ES
Box Section Girder Built of Two Beams
Box secon grr bul up af two beams, either wit r without rinoring ange plates, ha e design
Ascordrg toa same design data as or box section gr canes for sess and econ values oo
36 BRIDGE END TRUCK
381
362
263
364
‘The crane bilge shall be cari on endtucks designed t carr the rated whan ited atone endothe
rane bridge, The wheel base ofthe end truck shall bo 1/8 ofthe span or greater
End vucks may be ofthe rotating axe or fixed ale type as specifed by the rane manufacturer.
‘The bridge end ck shouldbe constructed of structural steel ar other suitable material, Provision shall be
‘made 10 proven he end truck trom dropping more than ana inch in case of axle faro, Guaras shell eo
Provided in ront ofeach ouside wheel and sha project below the op ofthe runway ral. Load combinations
And basic allowaale stresses are tobe in accorcance wih Sections 38.2.3 ard 3.
linen appropriate, equalizer bridge tus ar 1 be incorporates to promote sharing ol bridge whee! oad,
Equaizing pis ate to be provided between equalizer truck and equalzer baama andor niga Drage
roles,
3.7. OPERATOR'S CAB
374
372
373
374
375
‘The standard locaton ofthe operators cab sat one end ofthe crane bridge unless otherwise specified. It
halbe solocatedasnottoinerare with the hook approach. The operators cab shall open por nor
¡sendos unless otherwise speciied, The cab shal be adequate» braced to prevent swaylng or orton bat
Polo ast nerere wih access to ts cab or the vision of te operator. Al als for supooring member
connections should bein shea. Cab shal be provided wih an aucbie warning device andre exongulsher,
Frovisons shal be made in the operators cab for placementofthe necessary equipment, wing andtitings,
Al cabs shouldbe provided with a seat unless atherwice species,
For allowable stresses, use stress level 2, Section 3.42.
‘The controles or their operating handles are located as shown in Section 5.7.3 forthe cab locaton, unless
otherwise Spec,
‘The means of access and egress tothe cab should cantor to ANSVASME Standards 890.17.
3.8 STRUCTURAL BOLTING
381
382
383
gina designed es high strength botes comectionsaretocontormto requirements the “Specifications or
Structural Joins Usiog ASTM A325 or A490 Bol as published by AISC, for load combination, Case 1,
Section 3.328 1. Zine causes stress corrosion in A490 and should not be uses,
Finished and unfinished bolts, ASTM A307, are tobe used a values of 90 percent of those tabuatedin Part
$ of the current issue of the AISC Manual of Steel Construction for load combination Case 1, Secon
83234
‘Afowable bo sressesforload combination Cases end 3, Sections 3.2.2 and 3 re tbe proportioned
in accordance with Sections 3.4.1, 2 and 3.
ES
!
74-4 MECHANICAL DESIGN
41 BRIDGE DRIVES
«ives, consideraton shoutd be gen tos backing chart
stos
411 “The bridge drive wil consist of motor or motors driving through a suitable reduction unit or units to the wheels L
located at each end ofthe ge. A
4.11.1 When called for onthe information sheets, a cushioned dive may be provided for starting he bridge, H
42 GEARING RB
424 ‘The types of gearing shall be specified by the crane manufacturer. When worm gearing is used for travel i
‘
422 Al gaars and pinions shall be constricted of material of adequate strength and durability to meet the
requirements for me intended cass 0! servico, and manufactured to American Gear Manufselurers
Associaton (AGMA) qualiy clas 5 or beter.
Fer the purpose ofthis specication, hoist gearing strength and durabliy hal bo based on tne horsepower
required eit the rated toad. Travel gearing strengt and duraliy shall be bases on the motor name plato
rating, Due consideration shave giventotne maximum brake torque which canbe apphed tt drive. Aso,
consideration shall be given tote fact that gearing for travel des ransmitalarge porton cf he available
motor torque than gearing for hit drives.
423 The horsepower rating fo all spur and helical gaaring shall be besed upon AGMA Standard 2001-005
(Fundamental Rating Factors and Calculation Methods for Involul Spur and Heal Gear Test). For the
Purpose of his specication, the horsepower formulae may be written
ALLOWABLE STRENGTH HORSEPOWER—
[me] RE)
‘ALLOWABLE DURABILITY HORSEPOWER
NPI Sec]
«feet E
[res ca
WHERE: allowable strength horsepower
“allowable durabilly horsepower
“pinion speed (om)
“Bich ciamete af pinion (inches)
dynamic factor (strength and duraby)
“not ace with ofthe narrowest o the mating gears
ead cisvibuon factor (strength and durbiy)
“elastic oeficient
“harness factor (durability)
“geomaty factor (strength)
Geometry factor (durably)
Sametal pe
im tines factor
“alowabe bending stress for atrial ps) (strength)
“alowable conta stress fr material (sl) (urabäty)
“crane class factor (strength)
“crane class factor (éurablty)
POL LFR- 9 FWRAZRD
Vaso, Ky Gy Gy. ky, Sand Sen be ati ra be and canes in AGMA Sadar 2001-3,
Crane cas Tr anata vane 122-2 and S alo mo poate ie macro earn acter (6 o
toco i) [26,44 orc, re Tabl 429 andlor rl lso Sl, Tne ones ves
pera spot are ped
e
NEAR ANA NS ANNAN NARA A RR en e
74-4 MECHANICAL DESIGN
41 BRIDGE DRIVES
«ives, consideraton shoutd be gen tos backing chart
stos
411 “The bridge drive wil consist of motor or motors driving through a suitable reduction unit or units to the wheels L
located at each end ofthe ge. A
4.11.1 When called for onthe information sheets, a cushioned dive may be provided for starting he bridge, H
42 GEARING RB
424 ‘The types of gearing shall be specified by the crane manufacturer. When worm gearing is used for travel i
‘
422 Al gaars and pinions shall be constricted of material of adequate strength and durability to meet the
requirements for me intended cass 0! servico, and manufactured to American Gear Manufselurers
Associaton (AGMA) qualiy clas 5 or beter.
Fer the purpose ofthis specication, hoist gearing strength and durabliy hal bo based on tne horsepower
required eit the rated toad. Travel gearing strengt and duraliy shall be bases on the motor name plato
rating, Due consideration shave giventotne maximum brake torque which canbe apphed tt drive. Aso,
consideration shall be given tote fact that gearing for travel des ransmitalarge porton cf he available
motor torque than gearing for hit drives.
423 The horsepower rating fo all spur and helical gaaring shall be besed upon AGMA Standard 2001-005
(Fundamental Rating Factors and Calculation Methods for Involul Spur and Heal Gear Test). For the
Purpose of his specication, the horsepower formulae may be written
ALLOWABLE STRENGTH HORSEPOWER—
[me] RE)
‘ALLOWABLE DURABILITY HORSEPOWER
NPI Sec]
«feet E
[res ca
WHERE: allowable strength horsepower
“allowable durabilly horsepower
“pinion speed (om)
“Bich ciamete af pinion (inches)
dynamic factor (strength and duraby)
“not ace with ofthe narrowest o the mating gears
ead cisvibuon factor (strength and durbiy)
“elastic oeficient
“harness factor (durability)
“geomaty factor (strength)
Geometry factor (durably)
Sametal pe
im tines factor
“alowabe bending stress for atrial ps) (strength)
“alowable conta stress fr material (sl) (urabäty)
“crane class factor (strength)
“crane class factor (éurablty)
POL LFR- 9 FWRAZRD
Vaso, Ky Gy Gy. ky, Sand Sen be ati ra be and canes in AGMA Sadar 2001-3,
Crane cas Tr anata vane 122-2 and S alo mo poate ie macro earn acter (6 o
toco i) [26,44 orc, re Tabl 429 andlor rl lso Sl, Tne ones ves
pera spot are ped
e
NEAR ANA NS ANNAN NARA A RR en e
Crane service actor 8, shall be determined rom the fornia $= C, xK, For valves of space K,reerto
the formula ste below, an for C, wnich tha machinery fclor ele tS Table 42
Ke 2lMaxioum toad) + (Minimum Io)
3 (Maximum bad)
TABLE 4234
MACHINERY SERVICE FACTORS
[crane clase e,
x
a 72
© 20
o ES
TABLE 4232 ‘These factors are not o De used in sizing any
CRANE CLASS FACTORS FOR commercial gearboxes. All commercial guar.
STRENGTH HORSEPOWER RATING boxes are to be sized according to gearbox
manufacturer recommendations
| Crane Class, Ss
A 75
8 85
© 9
ss
424 Means shall be proviadoInsure adequate and proper lubrication on al gearing,
425
‘Allgeasing noterciosecin gear cases which may consttute ahazardundernomal operating condlions sha
be quarded wih provision fr lbricaon and inspection:
4251 "Guards shall be securely fastened
425.2 Ench guard shal be capable of supporting the weight oT 200 pound person without permanent dstorion,
Unless the Guards located where is Impossile 19 step on,
43 BEARINGS
431 The tps ot bearing shal be specified by he crane manulacturer
432 Antiitionbearings shabe selected o give a minimuml¥eexpectancy basedon ulrated speedasfolows:
TABLE 432.1
AFBMA L, BEARING LIFE
CassA | 1250 Hours
Class B| 2500 Hours
Css C | 5000 Hours
Class D | 10000Hours
Use K, load factor for al applications.
Due consideration shall be given tothe selection ofthe bearingin the event canes used tora ited time
at an increased service dass such as:
EXAMPLE - during a construction phase"
35
the formula ste below, an for C, wnich tha machinery fclor ele tS Table 42
Ke 2lMaxioum toad) + (Minimum Io)
3 (Maximum bad)
TABLE 4234
MACHINERY SERVICE FACTORS
[crane clase e,
x
a 72
© 20
o ES
TABLE 4232 ‘These factors are not o De used in sizing any
CRANE CLASS FACTORS FOR commercial gearboxes. All commercial guar.
STRENGTH HORSEPOWER RATING boxes are to be sized according to gearbox
manufacturer recommendations
| Crane Class, Ss
A 75
8 85
© 9
ss
424 Means shall be proviadoInsure adequate and proper lubrication on al gearing,
425
‘Allgeasing noterciosecin gear cases which may consttute ahazardundernomal operating condlions sha
be quarded wih provision fr lbricaon and inspection:
4251 "Guards shall be securely fastened
425.2 Ench guard shal be capable of supporting the weight oT 200 pound person without permanent dstorion,
Unless the Guards located where is Impossile 19 step on,
43 BEARINGS
431 The tps ot bearing shal be specified by he crane manulacturer
432 Antiitionbearings shabe selected o give a minimuml¥eexpectancy basedon ulrated speedasfolows:
TABLE 432.1
AFBMA L, BEARING LIFE
CassA | 1250 Hours
Class B| 2500 Hours
Css C | 5000 Hours
Class D | 10000Hours
Use K, load factor for al applications.
Due consideration shall be given tothe selection ofthe bearingin the event canes used tora ited time
at an increased service dass such as:
EXAMPLE - during a construction phase"
35
433
434
Sleeve bearings sha have a minimum allowable unit beating pressure as recommended by the bearing
manufacturer,
All bearings shall be provided with rogar lubrication, Bearing enclosures should be designed as lar as
Practisblo to exclude dl and prevent leakage of où or grease.
44 BRIDGE BRAKES
«41
442
443
4421
AS SHAFTS
454
452
453
Abriege brake or nor+trescoasting mechanical ve shale provided capable o stopping the motion of he
‘ridge tina cistnceinfestequalto 10% ofthe fulloaespeedin eet permite whentvavelngattulspeed
with à fl cad
Bridge brakes when provided, shall nave the ermal capacity forthe frequency of operation requiredby tha
la parsing brake is provided, i should have a torque rating ofa least 50% of
38 rated motor torque
| parking brakes are provided they shall not prohibit the use of a di paint inthe contol ci.
Al shatts, except th bridge cross-shaft sections which do not cay gear, shouldbe col rol shalting
‘ually beter. The sf diameter ard methed of support shal be as specified bythe crane manufacturer
{The bearing spacing fr rotating shafts ess than 400 rpm shal not exceed thet calculated per
Le VR
L = Distance between bearing centers finches)
D =Shaltciameter (nenes)
Menthe shaf speed exceéds 400 rpm, thebeargapading shallot exceedthatdeterminedby the allowing
formula, or the preceding formula whichoveris less ln order to avoid objectionable vibration at eal shan
speeds:
AVZÆTT
be VEN
L = Distance between bearing centers (ines)
D = Shatt rameter (inches)
N = Maximum shah spoed (rom)
‘Thetorsionel dtlecton ofthe bridge cross shat shalnot exceed 0.10 degrees/oot non 50% tlladbriäge
tive rated motor torque, increased by any gear reduction berwoon the motor and the shat is appied. In
don. this applied torque shal resultin a bridge drive wheel movement na greater than 1% ene whee!
‘creumterence or 172 inch, whichever sles.
ress Calculatoné
Alishafing halbe designed to meet the stressos encounterad in actual operation. Due consideration shall
De given fo the maximum brake torque which may bo applied to this sha. When signfcant stesses are
reduced by other fores, these forces shal be posiloned to provide the maximum stresses atthe secon
under consideration, Impact shall not be includes
38
SNARE A en en nn
434
Sleeve bearings sha have a minimum allowable unit beating pressure as recommended by the bearing
manufacturer,
All bearings shall be provided with rogar lubrication, Bearing enclosures should be designed as lar as
Practisblo to exclude dl and prevent leakage of où or grease.
44 BRIDGE BRAKES
«41
442
443
4421
AS SHAFTS
454
452
453
Abriege brake or nor+trescoasting mechanical ve shale provided capable o stopping the motion of he
‘ridge tina cistnceinfestequalto 10% ofthe fulloaespeedin eet permite whentvavelngattulspeed
with à fl cad
Bridge brakes when provided, shall nave the ermal capacity forthe frequency of operation requiredby tha
la parsing brake is provided, i should have a torque rating ofa least 50% of
38 rated motor torque
| parking brakes are provided they shall not prohibit the use of a di paint inthe contol ci.
Al shatts, except th bridge cross-shaft sections which do not cay gear, shouldbe col rol shalting
‘ually beter. The sf diameter ard methed of support shal be as specified bythe crane manufacturer
{The bearing spacing fr rotating shafts ess than 400 rpm shal not exceed thet calculated per
Le VR
L = Distance between bearing centers finches)
D =Shaltciameter (nenes)
Menthe shaf speed exceéds 400 rpm, thebeargapading shallot exceedthatdeterminedby the allowing
formula, or the preceding formula whichoveris less ln order to avoid objectionable vibration at eal shan
speeds:
AVZÆTT
be VEN
L = Distance between bearing centers (ines)
D = Shatt rameter (inches)
N = Maximum shah spoed (rom)
‘Thetorsionel dtlecton ofthe bridge cross shat shalnot exceed 0.10 degrees/oot non 50% tlladbriäge
tive rated motor torque, increased by any gear reduction berwoon the motor and the shat is appied. In
don. this applied torque shal resultin a bridge drive wheel movement na greater than 1% ene whee!
‘creumterence or 172 inch, whichever sles.
ress Calculatoné
Alishafing halbe designed to meet the stressos encounterad in actual operation. Due consideration shall
De given fo the maximum brake torque which may bo applied to this sha. When signfcant stesses are
reduced by other fores, these forces shal be posiloned to provide the maximum stresses atthe secon
under consideration, Impact shall not be includes
38
SNARE A en en nn
4534
State Stress Check for Oporating Conditions
A For shating subi
by buckling}
led to axial loads, the stress shall be calculated as fllows—(orshating not limits
A
Ge à
P = total axial oad (pounds)
A = cross sectonal area of ehal (i)
‘isi ss rot ac Se
8. fr hang ade bond, nes sala cal (ko
O, e
"
ending mament at point of examination (Inch pounds)
‘outside radius of shaft at pin of examination inches)
bending moment of inerta at pint of examination (n°)
This bencng seas sat at nceed Se
©. Forshating load in torque the shear stress shall be calculate as follows:
%
Sea
T = torque at pinto examination (nen pounds)
= outside radis of shat al point of examination (inches)
3 = polar moment linea of shalt at point of examination (in)
9,
This shear rss shana exceed, =
D. Transverse shear ses in shating shal be calclaec a follows:
Foe Sot at
ei voisines
For How Sats
CE À te ston ae poe mannan ft
These sr rs tronos OE
E. When combinaons o stresses ae present onthe same element, they shouldbe combined as flows:
aia and beng svesses
Ge = 0,4 0,
5,
ana shai nt exceed Gr
El
State Stress Check for Oporating Conditions
A For shating subi
by buckling}
led to axial loads, the stress shall be calculated as fllows—(orshating not limits
A
Ge à
P = total axial oad (pounds)
A = cross sectonal area of ehal (i)
‘isi ss rot ac Se
8. fr hang ade bond, nes sala cal (ko
O, e
"
ending mament at point of examination (Inch pounds)
‘outside radius of shaft at pin of examination inches)
bending moment of inerta at pint of examination (n°)
This bencng seas sat at nceed Se
©. Forshating load in torque the shear stress shall be calculate as follows:
%
Sea
T = torque at pinto examination (nen pounds)
= outside radis of shat al point of examination (inches)
3 = polar moment linea of shalt at point of examination (in)
9,
This shear rss shana exceed, =
D. Transverse shear ses in shating shal be calclaec a follows:
Foe Sot at
ei voisines
For How Sats
CE À te ston ae poe mannan ft
These sr rs tronos OE
E. When combinaons o stresses ae present onthe same element, they shouldbe combined as flows:
aia and beng svesses
Ge = 0,4 0,
5,
ana shai nt exceed Gr
El
shear stresses
yet
SG
ive
axial and benang with torsonal shear
Sang VO > OEY
9,
‘This sress shal rot exceed La
and shall not exceed
Note: For simply loaded shlting, banding and torsional stresses are maximum on the outer ibero
ofthe sheft and must be combined. The ransverse shear stresses are maximum on the notar
xs of he sha and combine with ne torsional stasses but not wit the bending svesees,
4522 Fatigue Strass Chock fr Fluctuating, Operating Stresses
‘Any shaltng subjected tvetuating stresses such s the bondingin olting shafts crthe torsion reversing
‘drives mist ba checke fr fatigue. This checkis an adgtionto Section 4.5.1 and need ony be petarmog
points of goometric isconinuiy where sress concentrations exis, such as lt, holes, Keys, are fits,
tc, Pure stresses, i, (not combined) ae to be calculated asin Section 45.1 except malities by Ne
appropriate stress ampiiicalon factor. The allowable sresses are a lolows!
À Diet Din beeing, Gr Haas Katy se
6,
b. Torsional and transverse shear, i + Ky a
ñ o, = Ko Ta KT ir
©. For combine stresses when al ofthe direct axial and bending stresses are combined withthe
torsional stresses and all ate fzctuating—
Srna “VOPR PES
4. Forcombined tenio an sear ran when only pateo esse ae fucttng—
Gone "VO, 10) + KOT + AT, (a) + GET sE
cr Sa
x
©, reduce Sn sa mate 36 Gone On = Darle encia sess ue cat as
Gage test eng ae mtr Gq tar ee sr du tata
in rir tree sienta mat IS, = tat ses amd tro berdag
+ timon il seg lat mtr! À. da ica tal acs ee
(GF, a pa end ss lr o uti nés
= sample arf aso ne
hl parol ese sess ot sto uta to a il
Ka = stes amplia crane e
= can sat
Ki = ute ed tr
Re Sart conan ron ay [| pra
1 | rade y 1;
16 | retens mens st eg 3 La
75 | reco sas 5 re
|
|
|
,
R
:
'
|
f
¢
{
;
{
£
¢
pá
yet
SG
ive
axial and benang with torsonal shear
Sang VO > OEY
9,
‘This sress shal rot exceed La
and shall not exceed
Note: For simply loaded shlting, banding and torsional stresses are maximum on the outer ibero
ofthe sheft and must be combined. The ransverse shear stresses are maximum on the notar
xs of he sha and combine with ne torsional stasses but not wit the bending svesees,
4522 Fatigue Strass Chock fr Fluctuating, Operating Stresses
‘Any shaltng subjected tvetuating stresses such s the bondingin olting shafts crthe torsion reversing
‘drives mist ba checke fr fatigue. This checkis an adgtionto Section 4.5.1 and need ony be petarmog
points of goometric isconinuiy where sress concentrations exis, such as lt, holes, Keys, are fits,
tc, Pure stresses, i, (not combined) ae to be calculated asin Section 45.1 except malities by Ne
appropriate stress ampiiicalon factor. The allowable sresses are a lolows!
À Diet Din beeing, Gr Haas Katy se
6,
b. Torsional and transverse shear, i + Ky a
ñ o, = Ko Ta KT ir
©. For combine stresses when al ofthe direct axial and bending stresses are combined withthe
torsional stresses and all ate fzctuating—
Srna “VOPR PES
4. Forcombined tenio an sear ran when only pateo esse ae fucttng—
Gone "VO, 10) + KOT + AT, (a) + GET sE
cr Sa
x
©, reduce Sn sa mate 36 Gone On = Darle encia sess ue cat as
Gage test eng ae mtr Gq tar ee sr du tata
in rir tree sienta mat IS, = tat ses amd tro berdag
+ timon il seg lat mtr! À. da ica tal acs ee
(GF, a pa end ss lr o uti nés
= sample arf aso ne
hl parol ese sess ot sto uta to a il
Ka = stes amplia crane e
= can sat
Ki = ute ed tr
Re Sart conan ron ay [| pra
1 | rade y 1;
16 | retens mens st eg 3 La
75 | reco sas 5 re
|
|
|
,
R
:
'
|
f
¢
{
;
{
£
¢
pá
Shafing in bearing mustbe checko for operating condon Te bearing sessis.caleulatedby dividing the
racial load by the projected area, a. PAG) where dis the shat diameter and Li Ihe length in De
‘This bearing stress must not excoed 50 percent ofthe minimum yl or nonolaling satiny,
‘This bearing sross mustnot exceed 20 percent ofthe minimum yield tor ocilatmg shang wher no
by tie bushing materia,
46 COUPLINGS.
461
462
47 WHEELS
474
ann
4712
4713
Cross shat coupings other than exite type, shall be tae or minimum ASTM Grade 48, aest etn,
Class 40 cat iron or equal material.
‘Thetypectcouplng (othertantlexbie) may be compression, sieeve crflangedtype, Flexible coupings shal
de the crane manulacturers standard type
Motor coupings shal be the crane manufaclurers standard type.
‘Top Running Bridge Wheels
Unless sor means of restricting lateral movement are provided, wheels habe double flanged with ads
‘accurately machined. fridge wheels may have dinar straight treads oraperes reads assombed with he
90 diameter towards the center o the span. Drive wheels shallbe machined in par Win 0.001 nc
Ber inch of diameter wih a maximum ot 0.010 inchos on the diameter, whichever caso is smaler. When
flangoless whee! and ide oler assembles are provised thay shall de oa type and design easommened
by the crane manufacturer.
I De constructed of sullablo material, Whesis shall be heat treated only specified. Due
‘consideration shall be given tote bitleress and Impact strangtn of the material used.
\Wneetsslbe designesttocary the maximum whoelload undernormalcondtions without undue wear. The
‘maximuminee!loadisthat wheellond produced with rally handng theratedoadin the postion to produce
the maximum reaction atthe whet, ntincluding VIF. When sizing wheels and alse folowingparameters
‘shall be consicered.
whee diameter
lectiva ra head wath
harness coeficient of the whoo! = K
here: K = SHN 5 [torwhoels with BHN < 260)
K = 1900 (BHN/260) (or wheels with BHN 3260)
ones)
nenes)
‘The basicbridge andtroloy recommended durabilty wheel loading or diferent whee harcnossos andsizes.
in combination wih erent rl sizes are shown in Table 47.14. The values nthe tao are eslablanadby
the product of D xWxK.Inagdiion, te loadfactor, Kino speed tactorC,,andthe cane servico clase shal
be considered
IS) + ALL) + SV + SIT)
Ku 58%) + 150
venere: BW = bridge weight LL = tolley weight + rated load
TW= tilly weight 1 2 Xepan
racial load by the projected area, a. PAG) where dis the shat diameter and Li Ihe length in De
‘This bearing stress must not excoed 50 percent ofthe minimum yl or nonolaling satiny,
‘This bearing sross mustnot exceed 20 percent ofthe minimum yield tor ocilatmg shang wher no
by tie bushing materia,
46 COUPLINGS.
461
462
47 WHEELS
474
ann
4712
4713
Cross shat coupings other than exite type, shall be tae or minimum ASTM Grade 48, aest etn,
Class 40 cat iron or equal material.
‘Thetypectcouplng (othertantlexbie) may be compression, sieeve crflangedtype, Flexible coupings shal
de the crane manulacturers standard type
Motor coupings shal be the crane manufaclurers standard type.
‘Top Running Bridge Wheels
Unless sor means of restricting lateral movement are provided, wheels habe double flanged with ads
‘accurately machined. fridge wheels may have dinar straight treads oraperes reads assombed with he
90 diameter towards the center o the span. Drive wheels shallbe machined in par Win 0.001 nc
Ber inch of diameter wih a maximum ot 0.010 inchos on the diameter, whichever caso is smaler. When
flangoless whee! and ide oler assembles are provised thay shall de oa type and design easommened
by the crane manufacturer.
I De constructed of sullablo material, Whesis shall be heat treated only specified. Due
‘consideration shall be given tote bitleress and Impact strangtn of the material used.
\Wneetsslbe designesttocary the maximum whoelload undernormalcondtions without undue wear. The
‘maximuminee!loadisthat wheellond produced with rally handng theratedoadin the postion to produce
the maximum reaction atthe whet, ntincluding VIF. When sizing wheels and alse folowingparameters
‘shall be consicered.
whee diameter
lectiva ra head wath
harness coeficient of the whoo! = K
here: K = SHN 5 [torwhoels with BHN < 260)
K = 1900 (BHN/260) (or wheels with BHN 3260)
ones)
nenes)
‘The basicbridge andtroloy recommended durabilty wheel loading or diferent whee harcnossos andsizes.
in combination wih erent rl sizes are shown in Table 47.14. The values nthe tao are eslablanadby
the product of D xWxK.Inagdiion, te loadfactor, Kino speed tactorC,,andthe cane servico clase shal
be considered
IS) + ALL) + SV + SIT)
Ku 58%) + 150
venere: BW = bridge weight LL = tolley weight + rated load
TW= tilly weight 1 2 Xepan
TABLE 4.7.41
TYPICAL BRIDGE LOAD FACTORS K.,
xe oe
sail elel als
2/22 2) 2] eS] ele
sels rie ke) sl
B/S) 2/2) Bele] ex
AE sels)
EEE TE TETES
A714 AA
sere eon etn
y as SAR PE
PE cas le Fume aia] sac
ca Fe eed ea Peed es
LE cas Un oran]
oa bp me a ar
cl elle
cz 6465615
2 |® EIER bed od ie
¡ES AAN | os
40
TYPICAL BRIDGE LOAD FACTORS K.,
xe oe
sail elel als
2/22 2) 2] eS] ele
sels rie ke) sl
B/S) 2/2) Bele] ex
AE sels)
EEE TE TETES
A714 AA
sere eon etn
y as SAR PE
PE cas le Fume aia] sac
ca Fe eed ea Peed es
LE cas Un oran]
oa bp me a ar
cl elle
cz 6465615
2 |® EIER bed od ie
¡ES AAN | os
40
47.18 ThowheolsonicetactorS,isequalt 1.25tmes the machinory serio lactorC,ansisshowninTatie 47.1
31ortne dierent sevice lassicabons. This acto recogrizes thal te intracton between al ant sho
18 more demanding ir terms of urabiiy that wel lignes and lubrcated interaction of machines pas
47.1.8 The whoolload senice costícin! KL
Ku x C, x S,, withthe long tations
K may not be smaller than K„ min. shown in Table 47.13
47.1.7 The equivalent duabilty wneelload P, énal be determined as folows:
P, = Maximum Whee! Load x K,
‘The equivalent durability whee! oad P, shall not exceed the whee! lad P listed in Table 47.1.
TABLE 47.43
[WHEEL SERVICE FACTOR S, AND MN MUM
{LOAD SERVICE FACTOR, hin
sites
TABLE 4714
PU PERUISSIBLE BRIDGE WHEEL LOADING (POUNDS)
ete = =
| a
E
DRE DE sm
ÉTÉ TE Le
Ems E
eee =
He =
“
31ortne dierent sevice lassicabons. This acto recogrizes thal te intracton between al ant sho
18 more demanding ir terms of urabiiy that wel lignes and lubrcated interaction of machines pas
47.1.8 The whoolload senice costícin! KL
Ku x C, x S,, withthe long tations
K may not be smaller than K„ min. shown in Table 47.13
47.1.7 The equivalent duabilty wneelload P, énal be determined as folows:
P, = Maximum Whee! Load x K,
‘The equivalent durability whee! oad P, shall not exceed the whee! lad P listed in Table 47.1.
TABLE 47.43
[WHEEL SERVICE FACTOR S, AND MN MUM
{LOAD SERVICE FACTOR, hin
sites
TABLE 4714
PU PERUISSIBLE BRIDGE WHEEL LOADING (POUNDS)
ete = =
| a
E
DRE DE sm
ÉTÉ TE Le
Ems E
eee =
He =
“
4758
4719
472
4724
4722
2723
Proper Clearance lor Bekige Wheels,
‘tot ot approximately 3/4inch toone inch wider than aie, Tapered tread wheols may have acearance
veria alheadol 160 percent the clearance provided or sraght read uhael as recommendad ey le
crane manufacturer
‘When tating axes are used, wheels shouldbe mounted the ao with poss alone, press ft and keys,
‘or with keys alone.
Under Running Bridge Wheels
Viroois shall be constructed of suitable matoral. Wheels shall be heat treated only if specie. A under
running bridge ruck wheels shal be designed to suit the surface on which ey run, Dive whens st be
the same clamater within a tierance of O70 nor
Mon angoless wheels are used they andthe side roler arrangement shal be the crane manufacturers
standard
Vineels shal be designed to cary the maximum whee! load under normal conditions. The recommended
whee! oad shownon Table 47.2 3-1 thatload produced with ne olay handing the ated loadin postion
lo exer te maximum load ard may be used as a guide for wheel sizes It should be noted tat pact cot
¡consideren thse Figures and for unusual conditions consideration shouldbe given to tner lacra min
are ot included inthe simple fomuia on which Table 4.7.2.1 is based. Its also important o noto tata
reduction in the alowabie wheal load may be necessary to sally tho runway lower flange sess
requirements.
TABLE 47234
GUIDE FOR MAXIMUM WHEEL LOADS
FOR UNDER RUNNING CRANES
For Contour Troad” For Convex Tread
Maximum Load (P) = 1000 WO (Pounds) Maximum Load (P) =600 WD (Pounds)
JW = Wath of whoo toad exclusive of lange (inches)
D = Diameter of wheel inches),
‘Wheel Da. CouniourTeag” Convex Tread
(Olinenes Fate wer TE Wer [weh] we
000 | 2000 -| 6000 | 6000 | 1200] 2000] 3500] 4800
2800 | 5000 [7500 | 70000 | 1500 [5000 +500 | sooo‘
2050 | 5000 | 2000 [12000 [1600 | 2600 | 5200 | 7200
2500 | 7000 | 10500 | 14000 | 2100 | «200 | 6200 | 6400,
4000| 8000 | 12000 | 16000 | 2400 | aso | 7200 | ooo.
(4500 | 000 | 1asoo_| 18000 | 2700 | 5400 | e100] 10800.
15 5000 | 10000 | 15000 | 20000 [ooo | 6000 | 2000" 12000:
“Where wheel road matches the rling surface of tn lower flange of he track beam.
ole 1. Cou ass aro based o as wen Bal Maras 200 Lager wel lcs ar aa ut
‘noel and wt eat Boel hanes
48 BUMPERS AND STOPS
481
en provided, bridge bumpers shal be rigicy mounted in such a manner thatthe attaching Bo are not
in shear and they shal be designed and install to minimize pars faling trom tho crane in the event of
breakage, Bumpers and ther mountings shal be of suffisent lngtn hat no otha: pars ol ether cran shal
come in contact wen the wo cranes come together.
2
ew
EUA a sn ee ak
seven
4719
472
4724
4722
2723
Proper Clearance lor Bekige Wheels,
‘tot ot approximately 3/4inch toone inch wider than aie, Tapered tread wheols may have acearance
veria alheadol 160 percent the clearance provided or sraght read uhael as recommendad ey le
crane manufacturer
‘When tating axes are used, wheels shouldbe mounted the ao with poss alone, press ft and keys,
‘or with keys alone.
Under Running Bridge Wheels
Viroois shall be constructed of suitable matoral. Wheels shall be heat treated only if specie. A under
running bridge ruck wheels shal be designed to suit the surface on which ey run, Dive whens st be
the same clamater within a tierance of O70 nor
Mon angoless wheels are used they andthe side roler arrangement shal be the crane manufacturers
standard
Vineels shal be designed to cary the maximum whee! load under normal conditions. The recommended
whee! oad shownon Table 47.2 3-1 thatload produced with ne olay handing the ated loadin postion
lo exer te maximum load ard may be used as a guide for wheel sizes It should be noted tat pact cot
¡consideren thse Figures and for unusual conditions consideration shouldbe given to tner lacra min
are ot included inthe simple fomuia on which Table 4.7.2.1 is based. Its also important o noto tata
reduction in the alowabie wheal load may be necessary to sally tho runway lower flange sess
requirements.
TABLE 47234
GUIDE FOR MAXIMUM WHEEL LOADS
FOR UNDER RUNNING CRANES
For Contour Troad” For Convex Tread
Maximum Load (P) = 1000 WO (Pounds) Maximum Load (P) =600 WD (Pounds)
JW = Wath of whoo toad exclusive of lange (inches)
D = Diameter of wheel inches),
‘Wheel Da. CouniourTeag” Convex Tread
(Olinenes Fate wer TE Wer [weh] we
000 | 2000 -| 6000 | 6000 | 1200] 2000] 3500] 4800
2800 | 5000 [7500 | 70000 | 1500 [5000 +500 | sooo‘
2050 | 5000 | 2000 [12000 [1600 | 2600 | 5200 | 7200
2500 | 7000 | 10500 | 14000 | 2100 | «200 | 6200 | 6400,
4000| 8000 | 12000 | 16000 | 2400 | aso | 7200 | ooo.
(4500 | 000 | 1asoo_| 18000 | 2700 | 5400 | e100] 10800.
15 5000 | 10000 | 15000 | 20000 [ooo | 6000 | 2000" 12000:
“Where wheel road matches the rling surface of tn lower flange of he track beam.
ole 1. Cou ass aro based o as wen Bal Maras 200 Lager wel lcs ar aa ut
‘noel and wt eat Boel hanes
48 BUMPERS AND STOPS
481
en provided, bridge bumpers shal be rigicy mounted in such a manner thatthe attaching Bo are not
in shear and they shal be designed and install to minimize pars faling trom tho crane in the event of
breakage, Bumpers and ther mountings shal be of suffisent lngtn hat no otha: pars ol ether cran shal
come in contact wen the wo cranes come together.
2
ew
EUA a sn ee ak
seven
492
483
484
485
486
Bumpers shallnavathe energy absorbing (ar issipating] cepaclytstopthecrane when reveling withpower
fi ether diction at a speed o at east 40% of heated load spaod, The bumpers shal also Pa copar
of stopping the crane (not including load biock and ited load) at a rate of decaleraton noto exceed a
average of tree (3 feat per second when travoing wih power on either direcion at 20% ef rated ag
speed
‘The siz and location ofthe bridge bumpers shal be specied by the crane manufacture,
Runway stops engaging tp running wheels are not recommended
‘Runway stops are normally designed and provided by owner or specter and are cated atthe iis ofthe
Bridge travel
Runway stops hallo stachod to resist the force applied when contacte,
a
483
484
485
486
Bumpers shallnavathe energy absorbing (ar issipating] cepaclytstopthecrane when reveling withpower
fi ether diction at a speed o at east 40% of heated load spaod, The bumpers shal also Pa copar
of stopping the crane (not including load biock and ited load) at a rate of decaleraton noto exceed a
average of tree (3 feat per second when travoing wih power on either direcion at 20% ef rated ag
speed
‘The siz and location ofthe bridge bumpers shal be specied by the crane manufacture,
Runway stops engaging tp running wheels are not recommended
‘Runway stops are normally designed and provided by owner or specter and are cated atthe iis ofthe
Bridge travel
Runway stops hallo stachod to resist the force applied when contacte,
a
74-5 ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
5 GENERAL i
S11 en mt aretcrerormnegesieneeguajo À
type sige ger lc overhead waving Canas epuaion vn atea een den onde Ÿ
Power pres. }
512 Teprposlotkecrnemaruschrerständue neraingsndcescpten lal cts, aies comm À
né tee and soy nates, $
513. Theeranemanufactrershafurishand mountalleletcalequipment,conduitandwitng,unlessothewise 4
special necesa o partly dsatsambie he cae lr apra slau anne ee À
Shale cto eng anders tosco nassen, Org omar ty Cocer a à
Acoso ern may be ened forma
514 whinganoqupmant ut amp wih An 10 ta ar Ee Ca, !
S15 Esti equipment sha comely wih ANSUASME 93013 Morea and Underung Cares ANSUASUE 4
?
83016 Saley Standard for Overhead Hoss, and ANSUASME 890.17 Overhead and Ganty Cranes (on
running bridge, single ger, undernung hoist,
5.2 MOTORS AC and DC
521 Motorsañallve designed special for crane and hoist duty and shal conform to NEMA Standard HG or
AISE Standard No. 1 or 1A, where applicable. Designs nat in accordance with Ihese standards may be
pected,
52.1 AC ndvtion motors may ba wound rotor (sp ng) or squiel cage (ng spaed or mu-specd) ypes.
5212 DE motors maybe o series, shunt, compoune wound or purmanont magnet ype.
5218. AC Motors used with invertors:
52431 Motors shallbe AG Induction fou sip) ype. 3
52.132 Motorconstrucin shall be TENV, TEFC, motor with independent blower er open dip proo type,
521.33 Motorinsulaion should be Class F rated and shouldbe thermal protected with sensor embedded inthe
motor winging,
52.1.4 Motor salecion shallbe based on proper horsepower calculan forthe dive of the required service lass
‘The motors duty rating should be based on the service clas and onthe spend range requires forthe
AREA RER
pain
522 or nains
¿es an spcdby ha rane marc. tn aig satin coran wih Te
TaeLe 5221
EM Pai tr nd Temple de grs Ambient Mons nine +
Ac De uam
ZU er
mesi [te TU] FAR
© I Due | Hs Pine ins
Fi | gore | sm ERE
| ime | we LESE | ge
‘i ambient temperatures exceed 0 De. C, he permiso windng temperature rise mus be decreased by the same
amouri or may be dectessad par the appklabe NEMA Stands,
“Tha crane matactue wil assume 40 Deg ambien temporatr uss otherwise speciiod y no purchase.
“
{
€
5 GENERAL i
S11 en mt aretcrerormnegesieneeguajo À
type sige ger lc overhead waving Canas epuaion vn atea een den onde Ÿ
Power pres. }
512 Teprposlotkecrnemaruschrerständue neraingsndcescpten lal cts, aies comm À
né tee and soy nates, $
513. Theeranemanufactrershafurishand mountalleletcalequipment,conduitandwitng,unlessothewise 4
special necesa o partly dsatsambie he cae lr apra slau anne ee À
Shale cto eng anders tosco nassen, Org omar ty Cocer a à
Acoso ern may be ened forma
514 whinganoqupmant ut amp wih An 10 ta ar Ee Ca, !
S15 Esti equipment sha comely wih ANSUASME 93013 Morea and Underung Cares ANSUASUE 4
?
83016 Saley Standard for Overhead Hoss, and ANSUASME 890.17 Overhead and Ganty Cranes (on
running bridge, single ger, undernung hoist,
5.2 MOTORS AC and DC
521 Motorsañallve designed special for crane and hoist duty and shal conform to NEMA Standard HG or
AISE Standard No. 1 or 1A, where applicable. Designs nat in accordance with Ihese standards may be
pected,
52.1 AC ndvtion motors may ba wound rotor (sp ng) or squiel cage (ng spaed or mu-specd) ypes.
5212 DE motors maybe o series, shunt, compoune wound or purmanont magnet ype.
5218. AC Motors used with invertors:
52431 Motors shallbe AG Induction fou sip) ype. 3
52.132 Motorconstrucin shall be TENV, TEFC, motor with independent blower er open dip proo type,
521.33 Motorinsulaion should be Class F rated and shouldbe thermal protected with sensor embedded inthe
motor winging,
52.1.4 Motor salecion shallbe based on proper horsepower calculan forthe dive of the required service lass
‘The motors duty rating should be based on the service clas and onthe spend range requires forthe
AREA RER
pain
522 or nains
¿es an spcdby ha rane marc. tn aig satin coran wih Te
TaeLe 5221
EM Pai tr nd Temple de grs Ambient Mons nine +
Ac De uam
ZU er
mesi [te TU] FAR
© I Due | Hs Pine ins
Fi | gore | sm ERE
| ime | we LESE | ge
‘i ambient temperatures exceed 0 De. C, he permiso windng temperature rise mus be decreased by the same
amouri or may be dectessad par the appklabe NEMA Stands,
“Tha crane matactue wil assume 40 Deg ambien temporatr uss otherwise speciiod y no purchase.
“
{
€
5241
52411
52412
Motors shallDe provided with ant icon bearings
Voltage
Motor rated voltage and corresponding nominal system voltage shall be in accordance with Table 52.4.
* (References: AC-ANSIC84,1-1977, Appendix and Table C3 also NEVA MG 1-10.62),
"ea =
inc someon x
a
a none
5 re ee
= ——
80 He (194) [1 200, EJ m
= a
= —
zu ——
=
= Era
a
as fs ==
| nun ee Be
meres Sts
oe
= lo (u,
| sete. Erin
= 5 - [ee
(1} plea u name tages caning Pavez .
()Fornomialeyaten votas sper man sown toe, MOD ad vage soul e cor sane a a voir ion
alge cto ioral ster otage bye ana 9 I 20 Ce a
{lige int 40 vos te matar nla poner spot haute Citados nope tones
3} Page M ecssany eqn ates pos wha sah eo pra
AGES Ne Rev see Esa 20 tno)
ANSE Si de 1 Rev 94 Case (ne me,
© NEVAWO 102224 Ta to tamal na.
(Neva MO 1108224 Ja 110 (nal nes
(@) Rate votao may e 2501 ye Fee RO PE ROM ans ge
(8) Mase mr np vate
ac
Variations
Variation trom Rated Voltage
Al ACinducton motors wih ated requancy and balanced voltage apple shallbe capable ol accelerating
and running with rates hook load at plus or minus 10 percent of rated motor voltage, but not necessary
arated votage performance values, (Reference NEMA MG 1-12 45)
Voltage Unbalance
‘AC polyphase motors sha be capable of accelerating and runing wi rated hook load when the voltage
Lnbalance at temotor terminals doesnot exceed 1 percent. Performance will natnecessatly be the sane
as when the motor is operating wih a balanced votage atthe motor terminals, (Relerence NEMA MG 4
12.40)
“
52411
52412
Motors shallDe provided with ant icon bearings
Voltage
Motor rated voltage and corresponding nominal system voltage shall be in accordance with Table 52.4.
* (References: AC-ANSIC84,1-1977, Appendix and Table C3 also NEVA MG 1-10.62),
"ea =
inc someon x
a
a none
5 re ee
= ——
80 He (194) [1 200, EJ m
= a
= —
zu ——
=
= Era
a
as fs ==
| nun ee Be
meres Sts
oe
= lo (u,
| sete. Erin
= 5 - [ee
(1} plea u name tages caning Pavez .
()Fornomialeyaten votas sper man sown toe, MOD ad vage soul e cor sane a a voir ion
alge cto ioral ster otage bye ana 9 I 20 Ce a
{lige int 40 vos te matar nla poner spot haute Citados nope tones
3} Page M ecssany eqn ates pos wha sah eo pra
AGES Ne Rev see Esa 20 tno)
ANSE Si de 1 Rev 94 Case (ne me,
© NEVAWO 102224 Ta to tamal na.
(Neva MO 1108224 Ja 110 (nal nes
(@) Rate votao may e 2501 ye Fee RO PE ROM ans ge
(8) Mase mr np vate
ac
Variations
Variation trom Rated Voltage
Al ACinducton motors wih ated requancy and balanced voltage apple shallbe capable ol accelerating
and running with rates hook load at plus or minus 10 percent of rated motor voltage, but not necessary
arated votage performance values, (Reference NEMA MG 1-12 45)
Voltage Unbalance
‘AC polyphase motors sha be capable of accelerating and runing wi rated hook load when the voltage
Lnbalance at temotor terminals doesnot exceed 1 percent. Performance will natnecessatly be the sane
as when the motor is operating wih a balanced votage atthe motor terminals, (Relerence NEMA MG 4
12.40)
“
5242
525
526
527
5274
5272
528 Bridge.
5281
52811
Variations - DC
DC motors shalbe capable ot accelerating and running with rated hack ioad with apple’ armature and fold
vollages upto and including 110 percent ol treated values ofthe selectedadstabovolage power supply
‘With ecttied power supoles successluloparalionshal1esulwhen AC ine vollagevaialionspus or aves
10 percent of rated voltage. Performance wil not necessary be in accordance withthe standards for
‘operation at rated voltage. Reference NEMA MG 1-268)
(Operation wth voltage variations beyond those shown in Sectons 5.2.4.1 and 2.4.2, Operational reduced
voltage may resul in unsatisfactory drive performance with rd hook oad suchas reduced speed, slower
accoloraton increased motor current, noise, andhwating.Prtecive devices may operate stopping a re
inorderto protect he equipment Operation a olovated voltages may resul nunsatsacioy operon, gu.
as, excessive torques, Prompt corrective actonis recommended: the urgency or such action depend unan
‘many actors suchas the location and nature otre load andcircalts invovedard te ragntude and duration
ofthe deviation of the voltage, (References ANSI 034,1.2:.3 range 8, also IEEE Slanderd 141)
Deviations rom rated In frequency and/or combinations of deviations of ine frequency and voltage may
‘esuitinuncatislacory ve oparaton. Theseconditors shouldbe reviewed based on the pad) ve usos,
Motor Time Ratings
Single speed motors shall be rated on no ess than a 30 minute basis with temperature is in accordance
with the latest NEMA standards forthe class ol Insulin and enclosure used, unless otherwise spaces
‘Muttispeed motors may berated less than 30 minutes on ine low speed winding so long as the crane builder
data sheets so inccate,
Under unusual condtions, such as long ts at reduced speeds, abnormal inching or jogging requirements
short repeated travel drive movements, alituces over 3,300 feet above sea laval, abnorral ambiant
temperatures, et, the motor time rating must be increased according.
‘Tne bridge motor rating using either AC or DC power, is basically the mechanical horsepower with
‘considerations forthe effect of contro, and ambient temperature
Indoor bridge motor required horsepower
quired Motor Horsepower:
The bridge motor shallbe selected so that the horsepower ratings not las than that given by th folowing
forma
HP kx We VK,
KK, = acceleration factor for ype of moter used
IK, = sance factor which accounts forthe type of drive and duty cycle
K,= 1.0 for AC magnetic and DC adjustable voltage contels. For ater types of conte! consult,
‘contol manufacturer
W. = total weight tobe moved Incucirg all dead and Ive loads (tons)
V = rated ive spoed (pm)
525
526
527
5274
5272
528 Bridge.
5281
52811
Variations - DC
DC motors shalbe capable ot accelerating and running with rated hack ioad with apple’ armature and fold
vollages upto and including 110 percent ol treated values ofthe selectedadstabovolage power supply
‘With ecttied power supoles successluloparalionshal1esulwhen AC ine vollagevaialionspus or aves
10 percent of rated voltage. Performance wil not necessary be in accordance withthe standards for
‘operation at rated voltage. Reference NEMA MG 1-268)
(Operation wth voltage variations beyond those shown in Sectons 5.2.4.1 and 2.4.2, Operational reduced
voltage may resul in unsatisfactory drive performance with rd hook oad suchas reduced speed, slower
accoloraton increased motor current, noise, andhwating.Prtecive devices may operate stopping a re
inorderto protect he equipment Operation a olovated voltages may resul nunsatsacioy operon, gu.
as, excessive torques, Prompt corrective actonis recommended: the urgency or such action depend unan
‘many actors suchas the location and nature otre load andcircalts invovedard te ragntude and duration
ofthe deviation of the voltage, (References ANSI 034,1.2:.3 range 8, also IEEE Slanderd 141)
Deviations rom rated In frequency and/or combinations of deviations of ine frequency and voltage may
‘esuitinuncatislacory ve oparaton. Theseconditors shouldbe reviewed based on the pad) ve usos,
Motor Time Ratings
Single speed motors shall be rated on no ess than a 30 minute basis with temperature is in accordance
with the latest NEMA standards forthe class ol Insulin and enclosure used, unless otherwise spaces
‘Muttispeed motors may berated less than 30 minutes on ine low speed winding so long as the crane builder
data sheets so inccate,
Under unusual condtions, such as long ts at reduced speeds, abnormal inching or jogging requirements
short repeated travel drive movements, alituces over 3,300 feet above sea laval, abnorral ambiant
temperatures, et, the motor time rating must be increased according.
‘Tne bridge motor rating using either AC or DC power, is basically the mechanical horsepower with
‘considerations forthe effect of contro, and ambient temperature
Indoor bridge motor required horsepower
quired Motor Horsepower:
The bridge motor shallbe selected so that the horsepower ratings not las than that given by th folowing
forma
HP kx We VK,
KK, = acceleration factor for ype of moter used
IK, = sance factor which accounts forthe type of drive and duty cycle
K,= 1.0 for AC magnetic and DC adjustable voltage contels. For ater types of conte! consult,
‘contol manufacturer
W. = total weight tobe moved Incucirg all dead and Ive loads (tons)
V = rated ive spoed (pm)
5281.31
29008 x ©,
axe D
33,000 K, N
ts
= ‘lng fon of de (netuing vansrision losses) in pounds per ton (Re, Table 52..1.1:0)
average or equivalent uniform acceleration rate in feat per second per second up to rated motor
rem. For guidance, ses Tabla §2.8.1.1-A and Table 528 1.13
= rotaionalinemta factor
WE of crane & load + WK? of rotating mass
‘Wii? of crane & lead
(© 1.05 + (7.8) f Wt ls unknown
= 32.2100tper second per sscond
"mechanical effeioney a ve machinery expressed as a per unt decimal. For guidance see Table
5281
rated speed of motor in com fal fa,
‘reo runing pm of motor when diving at speed (ses also Section 529.1)
{equivalent stoady state torque relaie to rated rotor torque which rain acclertirig upto rated
‘motor or (in the same time as the actual variable torque speed charactor te othe motor and
control characteristic used, See Table §2.8.1.1-C fr typical values of K,
TABLE 52.
Typical Efficiency Values
Beatings E
Ain | 97
Sleeve ES
Trova aan ere now aps par pu Dto ng ac are, andar ciment
‘eh as wom gata in ras crores se
TABLE S2.81.4-8
Guide for Bridge Motion
‘Typical Acceleration Rates Range"
PA toed Sed Feet on Se pr See
ET Ms
E 15 | m
120 20 25-80
180 30 20-10
240 40 40-10
300 50 EXA
Now rn ac aceon ts tanto seco zur o pope paomance cg tons a acortan mae
A See at es
Compute tere runing bridge motorhorsepower (HP,)atrato¢load andrated speed, neglecting any wind
a
29008 x ©,
axe D
33,000 K, N
ts
= ‘lng fon of de (netuing vansrision losses) in pounds per ton (Re, Table 52..1.1:0)
average or equivalent uniform acceleration rate in feat per second per second up to rated motor
rem. For guidance, ses Tabla §2.8.1.1-A and Table 528 1.13
= rotaionalinemta factor
WE of crane & load + WK? of rotating mass
‘Wii? of crane & lead
(© 1.05 + (7.8) f Wt ls unknown
= 32.2100tper second per sscond
"mechanical effeioney a ve machinery expressed as a per unt decimal. For guidance see Table
5281
rated speed of motor in com fal fa,
‘reo runing pm of motor when diving at speed (ses also Section 529.1)
{equivalent stoady state torque relaie to rated rotor torque which rain acclertirig upto rated
‘motor or (in the same time as the actual variable torque speed charactor te othe motor and
control characteristic used, See Table §2.8.1.1-C fr typical values of K,
TABLE 52.
Typical Efficiency Values
Beatings E
Ain | 97
Sleeve ES
Trova aan ere now aps par pu Dto ng ac are, andar ciment
‘eh as wom gata in ras crores se
TABLE S2.81.4-8
Guide for Bridge Motion
‘Typical Acceleration Rates Range"
PA toed Sed Feet on Se pr See
ET Ms
E 15 | m
120 20 25-80
180 30 20-10
240 40 40-10
300 50 EXA
Now rn ac aceon ts tanto seco zur o pope paomance cg tons a acortan mae
A See at es
Compute tere runing bridge motorhorsepower (HP,)atrato¢load andrated speed, neglecting any wind
a
52012
52813
TABLE S28:1.1.8
GUIDE FOR
Maximum Acceleration Rate to Prevent Wheel Skidaing
[Parcon of Gren Wheels [ea [ss] # Tee]
{Maximum Accoloraton Rate |
Feet par Sec porSec.- Dy | 48 | 24 | 16 | 32 | a
Fais - Based on 2 Cocticiont
et Friction
‘Acceleration Rate
+ Wet Rails - Based on 29 8 so | 7 fs
12 Coefficient of Friction
‘The values in he above Table are bated upon the peak acceleration orque beng equalto 133 ines
te average acceleration torque
TABLE 52.0:1.1-¢
RECOMMENDED VALUES OF K,
(ACCELERATING TORQUE FACTOR)
Type of Moor “Type of Control x
AG Wound Rotor Contactor Resistor 1908
AC Wound Rotor State Stepless 1218
AC Sa Cage Ballast Resistor 13
AG Inverter Inverter 15
DE Shunt Wound Adjustable Voltage. 15
DC Series Wound Contactor Resistor 20
"Kia function cons andor reir design,
"Low end of range I recommended when parmaner sip resistance ks use.
TABLE 528.1.1-0
Suggested Values for (Friction Factor) for Bridge
with Metallic Wheels & Anti-Fricion Bearings
Ea
some] [re [ve [ve | eo | co | ze [2
Not For cranes equiped wh leve bearings ol noma proportions, afin aco of 24 pounds
orton maybe uses.
| Note 2—The above icon facts may requ medications fr other veas such slow etieney
worm geting, non matade wheels, pec Bearing, And unusual Jon
Lattudeis permite in selcting the nearest rated motor Horsopower over or under, the requires horsepower
Le lie commercial avala motor. In ether case, consideration must be gen to proper perfomance
ofthe an.
Outdoor Cranes: Bridge drive motor horeapawer for outdoor cranes.
“e
UN
£
4
|
BRAD E E eB RRO me ma
52813
TABLE S28:1.1.8
GUIDE FOR
Maximum Acceleration Rate to Prevent Wheel Skidaing
[Parcon of Gren Wheels [ea [ss] # Tee]
{Maximum Accoloraton Rate |
Feet par Sec porSec.- Dy | 48 | 24 | 16 | 32 | a
Fais - Based on 2 Cocticiont
et Friction
‘Acceleration Rate
+ Wet Rails - Based on 29 8 so | 7 fs
12 Coefficient of Friction
‘The values in he above Table are bated upon the peak acceleration orque beng equalto 133 ines
te average acceleration torque
TABLE 52.0:1.1-¢
RECOMMENDED VALUES OF K,
(ACCELERATING TORQUE FACTOR)
Type of Moor “Type of Control x
AG Wound Rotor Contactor Resistor 1908
AC Wound Rotor State Stepless 1218
AC Sa Cage Ballast Resistor 13
AG Inverter Inverter 15
DE Shunt Wound Adjustable Voltage. 15
DC Series Wound Contactor Resistor 20
"Kia function cons andor reir design,
"Low end of range I recommended when parmaner sip resistance ks use.
TABLE 528.1.1-0
Suggested Values for (Friction Factor) for Bridge
with Metallic Wheels & Anti-Fricion Bearings
Ea
some] [re [ve [ve | eo | co | ze [2
Not For cranes equiped wh leve bearings ol noma proportions, afin aco of 24 pounds
orton maybe uses.
| Note 2—The above icon facts may requ medications fr other veas such slow etieney
worm geting, non matade wheels, pec Bearing, And unusual Jon
Lattudeis permite in selcting the nearest rated motor Horsopower over or under, the requires horsepower
Le lie commercial avala motor. In ether case, consideration must be gen to proper perfomance
ofthe an.
Outdoor Cranes: Bridge drive motor horeapawer for outdoor cranes.
“e
UN
£
4
|
BRAD E E eB RRO me ma
528.132
528133
528134
529
5454
load, using the folowing formula:
where W = Tulio weight o bo accelerated (tons)
V = ful oad speed m)
'
ficion factor (pounds porton) por Table $28.110.
‘Compute Ih tree running ridge motor horsepower due to wind ores only (HP) using the foowing formula
P x wind aoa x Y
35000 =
whore: P = wind pressure (pounds per square fo!) computed rom tha formula P = 00256 (Y, where V, is
the wind loc (meh)
‘when V, is unspecified, P= § pounds per square foot shouldbe used,
‘Wind area fective crane sulace area exposes to wind in square feet as computesin Section 3.3.2.1 2.1
v
lead speed (lpm)
= bridge rive mechanical olicency.
‘The bridge div motor horsepewer shall bo selected so that ts horsepower rating should not be less than
ven by he folowing formula
Required motor horsepower = 0.75 (HP, + HP.) K,
‘Tho following items must be considered in the overall bridge drive design to assure proper operation under
al speci load and wind conditions:
a. Proper speed cont,
ecelration and braking without wind,
ba Abit of Control reach ful speed mode of operation against wind.
©: Bridge speed, on any control point, whon travaing wäh the wind noto exceed the amount resulingin he
‘maximum sate speed ofthe Bridge eve machinery
8. Avoidance of whee skidding which could key occur under no lod, low percent ven wheels and wind
conditions.
©. Sufficient raking means to maintain the beisge braking requirements.
Bridge Drive Gear Ratios
Bridge dive gear ratio= ND. Xe
Vx 12
Ay zfo0 running pm ofthe motor, ate tne drive has acelerated, miralo lad tothe steady state speed
V. Te value cl Ns established fom the mator-contal epeec-crque curves atthe ree running horsepower
(Pa)
On mut-motor cries, the Contactor requirements ofthis section apply to each motor individual, except it
«
528133
528134
529
5454
load, using the folowing formula:
where W = Tulio weight o bo accelerated (tons)
V = ful oad speed m)
'
ficion factor (pounds porton) por Table $28.110.
‘Compute Ih tree running ridge motor horsepower due to wind ores only (HP) using the foowing formula
P x wind aoa x Y
35000 =
whore: P = wind pressure (pounds per square fo!) computed rom tha formula P = 00256 (Y, where V, is
the wind loc (meh)
‘when V, is unspecified, P= § pounds per square foot shouldbe used,
‘Wind area fective crane sulace area exposes to wind in square feet as computesin Section 3.3.2.1 2.1
v
lead speed (lpm)
= bridge rive mechanical olicency.
‘The bridge div motor horsepewer shall bo selected so that ts horsepower rating should not be less than
ven by he folowing formula
Required motor horsepower = 0.75 (HP, + HP.) K,
‘Tho following items must be considered in the overall bridge drive design to assure proper operation under
al speci load and wind conditions:
a. Proper speed cont,
ecelration and braking without wind,
ba Abit of Control reach ful speed mode of operation against wind.
©: Bridge speed, on any control point, whon travaing wäh the wind noto exceed the amount resulingin he
‘maximum sate speed ofthe Bridge eve machinery
8. Avoidance of whee skidding which could key occur under no lod, low percent ven wheels and wind
conditions.
©. Sufficient raking means to maintain the beisge braking requirements.
Bridge Drive Gear Ratios
Bridge dive gear ratio= ND. Xe
Vx 12
Ay zfo0 running pm ofthe motor, ate tne drive has acelerated, miralo lad tothe steady state speed
V. Te value cl Ns established fom the mator-contal epeec-crque curves atthe ree running horsepower
(Pa)
On mut-motor cries, the Contactor requirements ofthis section apply to each motor individual, except it
«
Watev Where: W = total oad (tons)
HP = A {= roling ction (pounds per on) pee Table 5.28:1.1-0
55000 Y= spectied lll loa travel dive speed (pm)
D, = wheel tread diameter (nenes)
5281 Vatios tom the caleuated goa ato is pomissble 1 acte th use of standard aval rate,
provided that motor heating and operational prformanee is netadversely affected. Tae actual mann
speed may vary a maximum of = 10 porcent af the spectied fl ond speed,
53 BRAKES
53.1 Types of electical brakes forte brdge whan provided shal bo specifed by he crane manulacture.
$532 Reer to section 44 of is specication or bridge brake selecton and eating.
583 Holding brakes if provided shall be applied automatically when power t the brake is removes.
534 On restaurant shunt brakes, i may be desirable to nudo forcing rito provide api sting and
release,
59.5 Brakecoltimerating shall be selected for th duration and frequency of operation require bythe service.
536
Brake forte fle is recommended with use cl aninverter when proper brakíngand tee phase monitoring
is at provided in tha VFO.
54 CONTROLLERS, ALTERNATING ANO DIRECT CURRENT
541
542
543
544
5441
5442
Scopo—-This soston covers requirements or selecting and contoing the cretion, speed, accolration and
elta braking ofthe bridge and travel motors. Other control requirements suc a8 prolosion aod masia.
witches are covered i ater sections This section also covers the requremonte for holst and alle,
travel controls it not supplied as an Integral part ofthe monorall holst,
(On cranes win a combination of cab with master switches, and pendant floor contol, the applicable
specifications for cab controle cranes shal apply. On floor operat cranes where the par Gant masters
lso used in a“skoeton" cab, no appfcable specications fr fo contreted canes shal app.
On remote controlled cranes, such as y radio or carrer signa tre apolicab oor control specications hat
apply, unless otherwise spaced.
ontrl systems maybe manual magnet, stati, variable trequencyor variable voltage DCorincombination
as specie,
Holats shall be famishad wth a control braking means, ether mechanical or power. Typical mecharical
‘means include mechanical load brakes o seltocking worm cvs. Typical power means nude dynomite
‘oworing, edoy-<uren braking, counte-torque, regenerative baking.
Bridge and Trotley Travel
Wat the exception of flor operated pendant contol class A, B & C cranes, al ridges and trays shal be
fumishod wih reversing contol systems incorporating plugging protecion. Typical plugging protection
includes a magnetic plugging contacter, ballast resistors, sip eoupings, motor characterise, of state
Controlled torque.
ARMANI RARE © wee ne ee eee
HP = A {= roling ction (pounds per on) pee Table 5.28:1.1-0
55000 Y= spectied lll loa travel dive speed (pm)
D, = wheel tread diameter (nenes)
5281 Vatios tom the caleuated goa ato is pomissble 1 acte th use of standard aval rate,
provided that motor heating and operational prformanee is netadversely affected. Tae actual mann
speed may vary a maximum of = 10 porcent af the spectied fl ond speed,
53 BRAKES
53.1 Types of electical brakes forte brdge whan provided shal bo specifed by he crane manulacture.
$532 Reer to section 44 of is specication or bridge brake selecton and eating.
583 Holding brakes if provided shall be applied automatically when power t the brake is removes.
534 On restaurant shunt brakes, i may be desirable to nudo forcing rito provide api sting and
release,
59.5 Brakecoltimerating shall be selected for th duration and frequency of operation require bythe service.
536
Brake forte fle is recommended with use cl aninverter when proper brakíngand tee phase monitoring
is at provided in tha VFO.
54 CONTROLLERS, ALTERNATING ANO DIRECT CURRENT
541
542
543
544
5441
5442
Scopo—-This soston covers requirements or selecting and contoing the cretion, speed, accolration and
elta braking ofthe bridge and travel motors. Other control requirements suc a8 prolosion aod masia.
witches are covered i ater sections This section also covers the requremonte for holst and alle,
travel controls it not supplied as an Integral part ofthe monorall holst,
(On cranes win a combination of cab with master switches, and pendant floor contol, the applicable
specifications for cab controle cranes shal apply. On floor operat cranes where the par Gant masters
lso used in a“skoeton" cab, no appfcable specications fr fo contreted canes shal app.
On remote controlled cranes, such as y radio or carrer signa tre apolicab oor control specications hat
apply, unless otherwise spaced.
ontrl systems maybe manual magnet, stati, variable trequencyor variable voltage DCorincombination
as specie,
Holats shall be famishad wth a control braking means, ether mechanical or power. Typical mecharical
‘means include mechanical load brakes o seltocking worm cvs. Typical power means nude dynomite
‘oworing, edoy-<uren braking, counte-torque, regenerative baking.
Bridge and Trotley Travel
Wat the exception of flor operated pendant contol class A, B & C cranes, al ridges and trays shal be
fumishod wih reversing contol systems incorporating plugging protecion. Typical plugging protection
includes a magnetic plugging contacter, ballast resistors, sip eoupings, motor characterise, of state
Controlled torque.
ARMANI RARE © wee ne ee eee
sas
5451
5452
Magnetle Control
Each magnetic control shall nave contactos la size and quanity lor stating, accelerating, reversing, and
stopping, and ortnespociled CMAA crane service class. Al revorsng contactos hallemechan allan
clciicaly intrlocked.
‘The minimum NEMA size of magnetic contaciors shal be in accordance wih Tables 5.45.21 AC Wound
Rotor, $.45.2-2 AC Squirel Cage, 5:4.52:5DO, and tables 586-1 and 5.6 6-2 Mainline Sanice, Det
purpose contactors specifically rato fr crane and Feist duty service may be used for CMAA crane service
asses A,B, andC provided he application does not exceed te contactor manutacturerspublshedratogs
{EC Contactors may be used for Crane and Host duty service provided ne application does nt oxceed the
Contactor manulacturers pusished ratings
TABLE 5.4.5.2
[AC CONTACTOR RATINGS FOR WOUND ROTOR MOTORS
CRE Henesmer
cone ‘rower | ances [| soa
o 20 2 | 8 5
1 30 x | 7m | 10
2 so 67 | 20 4
3 100 13 | 4 $0
‘oun or Pomar oer shat by sl be nas nn he cura a repent ung. Wed ar
onan Ca ar be ad 6 02 solu Gu De mot hi ad band avert hg seg,
Enri ng Ta ows aro ing 0 et pom sunday at win pose da aloe
TABLE 54.522
AC CONTACTOR RATINGS FOR SQUIRREL CAGE MOTORS
MAXIMUM INTERMITTENT HORSEPOWER RATING
ak | a
Sais
eos
E
EEES
cage motor ont 20 ro a a amd wed rra mate,
TABLE 5.4523
DC CONTACTOR RATINGS FOR 230 VOLT CONTROLS“
send 7 mem ret Rang
Ea | onan Rating
Amours oo Horner
7 25 30 7”
2 so El 15
3 109 133 35
For subia vota DC esa otage einer nn 20 vols, a comi” hrsponer rng vl
ganarla a vonage ota maso 60 va.
st
5451
5452
Magnetle Control
Each magnetic control shall nave contactos la size and quanity lor stating, accelerating, reversing, and
stopping, and ortnespociled CMAA crane service class. Al revorsng contactos hallemechan allan
clciicaly intrlocked.
‘The minimum NEMA size of magnetic contaciors shal be in accordance wih Tables 5.45.21 AC Wound
Rotor, $.45.2-2 AC Squirel Cage, 5:4.52:5DO, and tables 586-1 and 5.6 6-2 Mainline Sanice, Det
purpose contactors specifically rato fr crane and Feist duty service may be used for CMAA crane service
asses A,B, andC provided he application does not exceed te contactor manutacturerspublshedratogs
{EC Contactors may be used for Crane and Host duty service provided ne application does nt oxceed the
Contactor manulacturers pusished ratings
TABLE 5.4.5.2
[AC CONTACTOR RATINGS FOR WOUND ROTOR MOTORS
CRE Henesmer
cone ‘rower | ances [| soa
o 20 2 | 8 5
1 30 x | 7m | 10
2 so 67 | 20 4
3 100 13 | 4 $0
‘oun or Pomar oer shat by sl be nas nn he cura a repent ung. Wed ar
onan Ca ar be ad 6 02 solu Gu De mot hi ad band avert hg seg,
Enri ng Ta ows aro ing 0 et pom sunday at win pose da aloe
TABLE 54.522
AC CONTACTOR RATINGS FOR SQUIRREL CAGE MOTORS
MAXIMUM INTERMITTENT HORSEPOWER RATING
ak | a
Sais
eos
E
EEES
cage motor ont 20 ro a a amd wed rra mate,
TABLE 5.4523
DC CONTACTOR RATINGS FOR 230 VOLT CONTROLS“
send 7 mem ret Rang
Ea | onan Rating
Amours oo Horner
7 25 30 7”
2 so El 15
3 109 133 35
For subia vota DC esa otage einer nn 20 vols, a comi” hrsponer rng vl
ganarla a vonage ota maso 60 va.
st
5453
‘The minimum numberof resistor stopping contactors, Uma delay devices and speed points lor AC wound
rotor motors and DC motors shall be as shown in Table 5.45.34
TABLE 5.4.5.04
Au NUMBER OF RESISTOR STEPPING CONTACTORS, TIME
DELAY DEVICES AND SPEED POINTS FOR MAGNETIC CONTROLS
RS EE ETS
wonseronen cra es
BE CA | mens
ETES anus fans
aes tee nets
RE D ROTOR econo RERO za
ESS :
Less than 2-[s7s ıT2 Ta sas
Sine as ale 13138
ft 30 a lela di ee
| FOR AC WOUNO ROTOR SECONDARY RESISTOR |
en conn ens i
Less han 30 2 lel Till Totale
rene han 30 Sara for ea cont can
FOR D MOTOR SENS RESORS @ ze VOTE
EEE i
Less tan a jale Tele, TA
etwas sl fags: | alga |
ews lb EEE
FOR OG MOTOR SERIES RESISTORS @ 230 VOLTS
ER
Othru 15 2 [2[3 1Tı-Tz ayale
‘emma a isle 21215 12143
Grete tan 20 Sans a orcas cont eae
A 10 percent ora) cer erat she be rece nie Vol re.
TE or 01 te ang vay cvs Fo Pl, minimum (2) ia day dicos equ o
BSG JO mai lo num sbewn may be ss ii on a o ty ori o ow rien
mo than one) gg e und con ac maybe aura
1 De State mesas sb aed prevent corr cl pen concer unl ge voy
‘hee as abt ac se eed “ns
3 A 208 ri ma be masaihans candor mem, eau
Tina number o cpu sio hand crates send pins sha be tne) In ach econ ona as
(SBS 10 a opus Dl coat wi ar) mor rac pp anios sha hve a ica!
Me Far costo pe pasts tac sce
EU A and 8 contara AC ou ts ss nn Parma: shal hee nina o o (har
(Cape te fox pated sea te maton en have 8 minmu on (1) had consta sees in
ge eg na ey 0 ees
(Gyn somite, à sl (no mao pow, rata ro) a Ilo as whan contratos pee porn
an sone anion utara Sage and Say ata
se
AA A A A
‘The minimum numberof resistor stopping contactors, Uma delay devices and speed points lor AC wound
rotor motors and DC motors shall be as shown in Table 5.45.34
TABLE 5.4.5.04
Au NUMBER OF RESISTOR STEPPING CONTACTORS, TIME
DELAY DEVICES AND SPEED POINTS FOR MAGNETIC CONTROLS
RS EE ETS
wonseronen cra es
BE CA | mens
ETES anus fans
aes tee nets
RE D ROTOR econo RERO za
ESS :
Less than 2-[s7s ıT2 Ta sas
Sine as ale 13138
ft 30 a lela di ee
| FOR AC WOUNO ROTOR SECONDARY RESISTOR |
en conn ens i
Less han 30 2 lel Till Totale
rene han 30 Sara for ea cont can
FOR D MOTOR SENS RESORS @ ze VOTE
EEE i
Less tan a jale Tele, TA
etwas sl fags: | alga |
ews lb EEE
FOR OG MOTOR SERIES RESISTORS @ 230 VOLTS
ER
Othru 15 2 [2[3 1Tı-Tz ayale
‘emma a isle 21215 12143
Grete tan 20 Sans a orcas cont eae
A 10 percent ora) cer erat she be rece nie Vol re.
TE or 01 te ang vay cvs Fo Pl, minimum (2) ia day dicos equ o
BSG JO mai lo num sbewn may be ss ii on a o ty ori o ow rien
mo than one) gg e und con ac maybe aura
1 De State mesas sb aed prevent corr cl pen concer unl ge voy
‘hee as abt ac se eed “ns
3 A 208 ri ma be masaihans candor mem, eau
Tina number o cpu sio hand crates send pins sha be tne) In ach econ ona as
(SBS 10 a opus Dl coat wi ar) mor rac pp anios sha hve a ica!
Me Far costo pe pasts tac sce
EU A and 8 contara AC ou ts ss nn Parma: shal hee nina o o (har
(Cape te fox pated sea te maton en have 8 minmu on (1) had consta sees in
ge eg na ey 0 ees
(Gyn somite, à sl (no mao pow, rata ro) a Ilo as whan contratos pee porn
an sone anion utara Sage and Say ata
se
AA A A A
ane sat of ne reversing contactors is used forall motors in parasol, thn the tne contactors shallbe size
{or the sum of e indvkaual horsopowers. The resistor slapping contactors may de common melt ac.
devices, it desires. An individual et o! acceleration sito for euch motor shal be provided urn
othorwise species, Timing shal be cone with ane (1) set ol ime delay devices.
546 Static Control
546.1
5462
5463
sas
5455
5486
5467
5468
5469
Static power components such as rectiirs, reactors, resistors, et, as required shall o sized with due
consideration ofthe metorratings, chive requirements, service lass, duty yal, andaspicatonin ne corre
Magnetic contactors, # used shall be rated in accordance wth Section 5.4.5.2
State conto systems may be regdated or nowregulaled, providing stepped or stpless control using AC oF
DC motors, as species
‘Travel dives systems may be speed and/or torque regulated, as specie. Ia spced regulated systems
selected the method ol deceleration 1 a slower speed may be by dve fiction or eve torque reversa, as
specifié. Host dives ave assumes tobe nhetenty speed regulated and due consideration shal be gun
19 the avalabie speed range, ne degree of speed regulation, and optional load at
Primary reversing of AC motor dives shal be accomplshed with magnetic contactors or state companents
as spected, When stai components are used, ane contacor shal be furished fr tn divo
Current and torque Emling provisions shal be included nto oxcaed the motor design imitations, and with
considération lor desires acceleration.
Contrat torque pu
9 provisions shall be included for bridge or tolloy ves.
Permanent sip resistance may be included providing due consideration Is given tothe actual moter speeds
unde rated Conctions.
‘The Crane specifications shall state whether the hoist motor horsepower used with static control is on th
basis of average hlsting and lowering speed with rated loa ron the basis of actual hoisting speed Lo ais
‘ated iad,
5.47 Enclosures
sara
Control panels shouid be enclosed and shall be suitable foc the envronmant and ype of canto. The ype of
snclosute shal be determined by ag'aement betwoon Ihe purchaser and the crane marvlacito”. À PCA
nanventlaïea enclosure may bein accorcance with one ol te following NEMA Standards publcaton 1088
lassications:
ENCLOSURES FOR NON-HAZARDOUS LOCATIONS
Tine t —Goneral purpose—incaor,
Type ta —Guneral purpose Indoor Gasketed,
(Noto: Type 1-A enclosure Is not Currently recognized by NEMA)
Type2 —Driprool Indoor
Types. —Dustigt. raiigh and slestesistant, co esstant—Outgoor
Type 3A | —Ralnproolana sieetesistan,ie-resistant—Outdoor
Type 3S —Dustügt, airtight and sleet (ce) proot— Outdoor
Type 4 _ -Wataright and dustight-Indoor and Outdoor.
53
{or the sum of e indvkaual horsopowers. The resistor slapping contactors may de common melt ac.
devices, it desires. An individual et o! acceleration sito for euch motor shal be provided urn
othorwise species, Timing shal be cone with ane (1) set ol ime delay devices.
546 Static Control
546.1
5462
5463
sas
5455
5486
5467
5468
5469
Static power components such as rectiirs, reactors, resistors, et, as required shall o sized with due
consideration ofthe metorratings, chive requirements, service lass, duty yal, andaspicatonin ne corre
Magnetic contactors, # used shall be rated in accordance wth Section 5.4.5.2
State conto systems may be regdated or nowregulaled, providing stepped or stpless control using AC oF
DC motors, as species
‘Travel dives systems may be speed and/or torque regulated, as specie. Ia spced regulated systems
selected the method ol deceleration 1 a slower speed may be by dve fiction or eve torque reversa, as
specifié. Host dives ave assumes tobe nhetenty speed regulated and due consideration shal be gun
19 the avalabie speed range, ne degree of speed regulation, and optional load at
Primary reversing of AC motor dives shal be accomplshed with magnetic contactors or state companents
as spected, When stai components are used, ane contacor shal be furished fr tn divo
Current and torque Emling provisions shal be included nto oxcaed the motor design imitations, and with
considération lor desires acceleration.
Contrat torque pu
9 provisions shall be included for bridge or tolloy ves.
Permanent sip resistance may be included providing due consideration Is given tothe actual moter speeds
unde rated Conctions.
‘The Crane specifications shall state whether the hoist motor horsepower used with static control is on th
basis of average hlsting and lowering speed with rated loa ron the basis of actual hoisting speed Lo ais
‘ated iad,
5.47 Enclosures
sara
Control panels shouid be enclosed and shall be suitable foc the envronmant and ype of canto. The ype of
snclosute shal be determined by ag'aement betwoon Ihe purchaser and the crane marvlacito”. À PCA
nanventlaïea enclosure may bein accorcance with one ol te following NEMA Standards publcaton 1088
lassications:
ENCLOSURES FOR NON-HAZARDOUS LOCATIONS
Tine t —Goneral purpose—incaor,
Type ta —Guneral purpose Indoor Gasketed,
(Noto: Type 1-A enclosure Is not Currently recognized by NEMA)
Type2 —Driprool Indoor
Types. —Dustigt. raiigh and slestesistant, co esstant—Outgoor
Type 3A | —Ralnproolana sieetesistan,ie-resistant—Outdoor
Type 3S —Dustügt, airtight and sleet (ce) proot— Outdoor
Type 4 _ -Wataright and dustight-Indoor and Outdoor.
53
5412
5473
Type 4X -Wateright, custight ard corrosion relstant-lndoor and Outcoor.
Type 12 -Industral Üse-Dustight and right Indoor.
Type 13 ~Oiltght and dustight-Indoor
ENCLOSURES FOR HAZARDOUS LOCATIONS
Type7 -Clas Division | andl, Group A, 8, ©, or Indoor Hazardous Loc
Equipment
tons-Airbreak
Types -Cass!l Oliisiontandl, Group E, F076 -Indooe Hazardous Locations —Al-break Equipment
Enclosures conning devices thatproduce excessivehea! or ozone or devicas hatreqire cooking or proper
‘operation, may require vertiaion means, These enclosures sralbo equipped withthe necessan Van
Such as louvers or forced cooing, Ar fiters or similar devicos may be necessary depending on the
‘environment. Since the orginal den of ha enclosure pets species ype may be comewha ated by
{he nature ofthe ventilation means, the nal design shall et o Funcional ion
Unless otherwise specified, enclosures for electrical equipment other han controls shall e suitable fr tho
environment, and in accordance wi the folowing practices:
(2) Auriiary devices suchas saletyswiches juncton boxes, ranstormers, pendant masters, ighting pants,
ain Ine disconnects, accessory drve Contos, brake rectifer panel, in switches le. may be cupped
In enclosures other than spocted fer the contol panel
(9) Resistor covers or indoor cranes required to prevent accidental contact under normal operating
<eondtons,shal|nctude necessary screening and venilation.Resisor covers for outdoor cranes shal De
adequate ventlated,
(6) Brake covers:
1. Brakes, for Indoor cranes, may be suppl without covers.
2. Brakes, lor outdoor cranes, shall be supped with covers.
55 RESISTORS
554
552
552
554
Fsistor (xcept hose in permanent sections) shal have a thermal capacity of no less than NEMA Class
150 series for CMAA crane service classes A, Band C and rotless than NEMA Class 160 seres for MAA,
service classes D.
Resistors used with power cctical braking systems on AC hass not equipped with mechanical load
brakes shal have a thermal capaci of not lags than NEMA Class 160 seves.
Festistors shal be designed to provide the proper spood and torque as required y the conto system uses,
Resistor shall instale with adequate venation, and with proper supports o withstand vibration endo
prevent Broken parts or moten metal ling from tho crane.
56 PROTECTION AND SAFETY FEATURES
561
562
‘crane disoonnecing means, ether acurrentratedcircuithreakarormotrrated switch, lchablen he con
Position, shal be provided in he leads from In runway contact conductos or er power supply.
“The continuous current rang of te switch ocircuilbreakerin Section 5.6.1 shallnotbe less than 50 porcont
s
EAS A
5473
Type 4X -Wateright, custight ard corrosion relstant-lndoor and Outcoor.
Type 12 -Industral Üse-Dustight and right Indoor.
Type 13 ~Oiltght and dustight-Indoor
ENCLOSURES FOR HAZARDOUS LOCATIONS
Type7 -Clas Division | andl, Group A, 8, ©, or Indoor Hazardous Loc
Equipment
tons-Airbreak
Types -Cass!l Oliisiontandl, Group E, F076 -Indooe Hazardous Locations —Al-break Equipment
Enclosures conning devices thatproduce excessivehea! or ozone or devicas hatreqire cooking or proper
‘operation, may require vertiaion means, These enclosures sralbo equipped withthe necessan Van
Such as louvers or forced cooing, Ar fiters or similar devicos may be necessary depending on the
‘environment. Since the orginal den of ha enclosure pets species ype may be comewha ated by
{he nature ofthe ventilation means, the nal design shall et o Funcional ion
Unless otherwise specified, enclosures for electrical equipment other han controls shall e suitable fr tho
environment, and in accordance wi the folowing practices:
(2) Auriiary devices suchas saletyswiches juncton boxes, ranstormers, pendant masters, ighting pants,
ain Ine disconnects, accessory drve Contos, brake rectifer panel, in switches le. may be cupped
In enclosures other than spocted fer the contol panel
(9) Resistor covers or indoor cranes required to prevent accidental contact under normal operating
<eondtons,shal|nctude necessary screening and venilation.Resisor covers for outdoor cranes shal De
adequate ventlated,
(6) Brake covers:
1. Brakes, for Indoor cranes, may be suppl without covers.
2. Brakes, lor outdoor cranes, shall be supped with covers.
55 RESISTORS
554
552
552
554
Fsistor (xcept hose in permanent sections) shal have a thermal capacity of no less than NEMA Class
150 series for CMAA crane service classes A, Band C and rotless than NEMA Class 160 seres for MAA,
service classes D.
Resistors used with power cctical braking systems on AC hass not equipped with mechanical load
brakes shal have a thermal capaci of not lags than NEMA Class 160 seves.
Festistors shal be designed to provide the proper spood and torque as required y the conto system uses,
Resistor shall instale with adequate venation, and with proper supports o withstand vibration endo
prevent Broken parts or moten metal ling from tho crane.
56 PROTECTION AND SAFETY FEATURES
561
562
‘crane disoonnecing means, ether acurrentratedcircuithreakarormotrrated switch, lchablen he con
Position, shal be provided in he leads from In runway contact conductos or er power supply.
“The continuous current rang of te switch ocircuilbreakerin Section 5.6.1 shallnotbe less than 50 porcont
s
EAS A
563
564
565
568
567
568
568
5610
sem
‘of he combined short ime moto ul bad currents, nor ess than 75 percont o! ne sum ofthe shoe ie tay
load currents othe motors required or any single crane motion, pus any addionalioadsfed bythe device,
The disconnecting neansin Section 5.6.1 shall have an opening means located whereitis readily accessibie
tothe operators sialon, ora ma nl contactor connected ata ne device inSecton 5.51 may bs una
and sna be cporable om te operators saton.
Power clout protection devices shall be furnished in accordance with NEC Sections 110-9 Interupting
Rating. The user shaistate the avalable feutcurrentor tne cranemanulatuter haste nine specfeation
the interuping rating being furnished.
Branch cieut protection shall be providas per NEC Section 610-42 Branch Circuit Protection
“Magnetic Mainine contactors, when used, shal be as shown in Tablos 5.5.5-1 and 5.6.6:2. The size shall
rot be less than te rating of te largest primary contactor used on any one mation
TABLE 5.6.61
AG CONTACTOR RATINGS:
for Mainline Service
D Ts To Te
ama | zer, eme | martes ES
ee CA ET = |
ie Amperes. zmov | «coasrsv | 200 | acoasrsv
> 2 A ss |: 5
‘ 5 > | 2] 2 m wo
2 E = | 2] & | » so
3 100 ws | s| oe |% so
TABLE 5.6.62
RATINGS AT 290 TO 250 VOLTS OF DC CONTACTORS
for Mann Servico
sua | othe Al Mecmum To | atimun Horsepower
Open rating rural Motor Horses or any Mota
conan seo am one anyon
‘ine,
: a 20 10 zu
2 E Ed 2 15
3 100 193 ES 5
Motor running overcurrentprolecion shal be provided in accordance with NEC 610-43 Motor Overoad
Protection.
(Control cui shal bo protected in accordance wih NEC 610-53 overcurent protection.
Undervoltage protection shal be provided a a function of eacn motor conte
panel, oF a magnetic mainline contactor, or à manual magneti disconmact switch
y an enclosed protective
Cranes not equipped with spring-elum conlrolrs,sprng-return master switches, or momentary contact
pestbuttons, sal be provided witha dovic which wil disconnect al motors rom th ne on are ol power
an wil notpermitany motor tobe restarted unit controler handles broughttothe'off postion ora reset
wich or bution is operated.
‘emote aco cranes sallbe provided wi a permsive radio signalinadation oacranemetonradiosigral,
s
564
565
568
567
568
568
5610
sem
‘of he combined short ime moto ul bad currents, nor ess than 75 percont o! ne sum ofthe shoe ie tay
load currents othe motors required or any single crane motion, pus any addionalioadsfed bythe device,
The disconnecting neansin Section 5.6.1 shall have an opening means located whereitis readily accessibie
tothe operators sialon, ora ma nl contactor connected ata ne device inSecton 5.51 may bs una
and sna be cporable om te operators saton.
Power clout protection devices shall be furnished in accordance with NEC Sections 110-9 Interupting
Rating. The user shaistate the avalable feutcurrentor tne cranemanulatuter haste nine specfeation
the interuping rating being furnished.
Branch cieut protection shall be providas per NEC Section 610-42 Branch Circuit Protection
“Magnetic Mainine contactors, when used, shal be as shown in Tablos 5.5.5-1 and 5.6.6:2. The size shall
rot be less than te rating of te largest primary contactor used on any one mation
TABLE 5.6.61
AG CONTACTOR RATINGS:
for Mainline Service
D Ts To Te
ama | zer, eme | martes ES
ee CA ET = |
ie Amperes. zmov | «coasrsv | 200 | acoasrsv
> 2 A ss |: 5
‘ 5 > | 2] 2 m wo
2 E = | 2] & | » so
3 100 ws | s| oe |% so
TABLE 5.6.62
RATINGS AT 290 TO 250 VOLTS OF DC CONTACTORS
for Mann Servico
sua | othe Al Mecmum To | atimun Horsepower
Open rating rural Motor Horses or any Mota
conan seo am one anyon
‘ine,
: a 20 10 zu
2 E Ed 2 15
3 100 193 ES 5
Motor running overcurrentprolecion shal be provided in accordance with NEC 610-43 Motor Overoad
Protection.
(Control cui shal bo protected in accordance wih NEC 610-53 overcurent protection.
Undervoltage protection shal be provided a a function of eacn motor conte
panel, oF a magnetic mainline contactor, or à manual magneti disconmact switch
y an enclosed protective
Cranes not equipped with spring-elum conlrolrs,sprng-return master switches, or momentary contact
pestbuttons, sal be provided witha dovic which wil disconnect al motors rom th ne on are ol power
an wil notpermitany motor tobe restarted unit controler handles broughttothe'off postion ora reset
wich or bution is operated.
‘emote aco cranes sallbe provided wi a permsive radio signalinadation oacranemetonradiosigral,
s
5612
5619
5638
56344
56142
ana both signals shal be present in order to star and maintain a crane motion,
On automatic cranes, a motions shat be discontinued it
avtomate sequence of opera.
ecrans does not opera in accordance wth ho
Working space dimensions shallapaly ony to bridge mounted contra
tal are sericeabie roma crane mounted walkway. The horizontal lst
{oor tothe nearest metalic or cher obstruction shal bea minimum of
inches. I addition, the workspace
in frontof the enclosure shall be at last as wide asthe enclosure ane
hall aot be less than 0 inches wide
Warning Devices
Except fr oor-operated canes a gong or oler efectivo waming signal shall be provided foreach crane
‘cupped with a power traveling mechan sm
Omer or Spectr, having ful knowledge of tho environment in which the crane wit bo operated, it
response for the adequacy of he warning devices,
57 MASTER SWITCHES
571
572
573
574
575
576
srr
578
Gab cortoled eranes shál bo tumished with master switches fer nos, trolly and bridge motions, as
‘ppicabie, rat are locale within reach of the porter
Cab master switches shall be provides wih a notch, or spring raum arrangement latch, whic, inthe “oft
pesion prevents he hand from Doing inadvertently moved ta theo’ postion,
‘The movement of each mastorswich handle should be in the same general drecton asthe resutant
‘movement ofthe load, except as shown in Figures 5.722 and 5.730, unless etherwise specten,
‘The arrangement of master switches should conform, to Figures 5.7.3a and 5.7.30, unless otherwise
species, €
fina arangement o other master switches, ever swiiches or pushbuttons for conti, her than his,
Moley or brig, (such as grabs, magnetic connects, tuntabls, e) are normaly specti by hs
manutactcer.
Ma master switch is provides for a magnet controler, nei drection shal be toward the operator and the
‘rep direction away om te operator.
Cranes fumishäd wih skoleton(dummy) Cabs are to be opérated Via the perdant pushbuton station and
‘hereby do not require master swichos unless chemise speed by Ihe purchaser,
Master switches shall be clearly laboied to indicate their functions
58 FLOOR OPERATED PENDANT PUSHBUTTON STATIONS
581
582
583
584
‘The arrangement of pendant pushouto
on stations should conform to Figure 5,8. unless otherwise agroed
between the manulaclurer and owner.
Pushèutions shall etum tothe ‘of postion when pressure is released bythe crane operator.
Fendant pushbuton stations shall have a grounding conductor between a ground terminal intro station and
the crane
‘The maximum voltage in pendant pushbutton stations shall be 150 Volts AC or 300 Vots DC.
so
alt o AAA a ma
A A
5619
5638
56344
56142
ana both signals shal be present in order to star and maintain a crane motion,
On automatic cranes, a motions shat be discontinued it
avtomate sequence of opera.
ecrans does not opera in accordance wth ho
Working space dimensions shallapaly ony to bridge mounted contra
tal are sericeabie roma crane mounted walkway. The horizontal lst
{oor tothe nearest metalic or cher obstruction shal bea minimum of
inches. I addition, the workspace
in frontof the enclosure shall be at last as wide asthe enclosure ane
hall aot be less than 0 inches wide
Warning Devices
Except fr oor-operated canes a gong or oler efectivo waming signal shall be provided foreach crane
‘cupped with a power traveling mechan sm
Omer or Spectr, having ful knowledge of tho environment in which the crane wit bo operated, it
response for the adequacy of he warning devices,
57 MASTER SWITCHES
571
572
573
574
575
576
srr
578
Gab cortoled eranes shál bo tumished with master switches fer nos, trolly and bridge motions, as
‘ppicabie, rat are locale within reach of the porter
Cab master switches shall be provides wih a notch, or spring raum arrangement latch, whic, inthe “oft
pesion prevents he hand from Doing inadvertently moved ta theo’ postion,
‘The movement of each mastorswich handle should be in the same general drecton asthe resutant
‘movement ofthe load, except as shown in Figures 5.722 and 5.730, unless etherwise specten,
‘The arrangement of master switches should conform, to Figures 5.7.3a and 5.7.30, unless otherwise
species, €
fina arangement o other master switches, ever swiiches or pushbuttons for conti, her than his,
Moley or brig, (such as grabs, magnetic connects, tuntabls, e) are normaly specti by hs
manutactcer.
Ma master switch is provides for a magnet controler, nei drection shal be toward the operator and the
‘rep direction away om te operator.
Cranes fumishäd wih skoleton(dummy) Cabs are to be opérated Via the perdant pushbuton station and
‘hereby do not require master swichos unless chemise speed by Ihe purchaser,
Master switches shall be clearly laboied to indicate their functions
58 FLOOR OPERATED PENDANT PUSHBUTTON STATIONS
581
582
583
584
‘The arrangement of pendant pushouto
on stations should conform to Figure 5,8. unless otherwise agroed
between the manulaclurer and owner.
Pushèutions shall etum tothe ‘of postion when pressure is released bythe crane operator.
Fendant pushbuton stations shall have a grounding conductor between a ground terminal intro station and
the crane
‘The maximum voltage in pendant pushbutton stations shall be 150 Volts AC or 300 Vots DC.
so
alt o AAA a ma
A A
H
ao der nam
aoe Gre el
fH = ein
sa en =
Dame el
cat COTA ser 0
] [iz
Contanos Serranos
Comer cad
4 Motor Crane
RECOMMENDED ARRANGEMENT OF CONTROLLERS:
ja
A A
| nas -
+ U
a ¡do Hy SES
BN EN
Left-Hand Cab | ih Right-Hand Cab rf
Det
on
3 Motor Crane
RECOMMENDED ARRANGEMENT OF CONTROLLERS:
Fig. 5.7.90,
37
ao der nam
aoe Gre el
fH = ein
sa en =
Dame el
cat COTA ser 0
] [iz
Contanos Serranos
Comer cad
4 Motor Crane
RECOMMENDED ARRANGEMENT OF CONTROLLERS:
ja
A A
| nas -
+ U
a ¡do Hy SES
BN EN
Left-Hand Cab | ih Right-Hand Cab rf
Det
on
3 Motor Crane
RECOMMENDED ARRANGEMENT OF CONTROLLERS:
Fig. 5.7.90,
37
585
ses
sar
ses
589
Pushöutons shal o guarded or shrouded to prevent accidental actuation of crane matin.
Stop! pustbutons sha colored re,
Pendant pushbution station encosuros shall be as defined in Section 5.4 7 (a)
Pendant pushouton stations shallbe supportedin a manner hat wil protetthe electrical conductors against
stain
Minimum wire Size of muticonduct flexible cords for pendant pushbutton stations shallbe #18 AWGuniess
‘therwise permitted by Article 610 of the Nationa Electrcal Code
58 LIMIT SWITCHES
sa
592
sas
594
585
598
The hoist motion of al cranes sal be equipped wit an averavel mit sich in the raising desctonto stop
hoising mation.
Interruption ofthe rising motion shal nol interfere wih the lowering motion. Lowering ofthe block shal
automaticaly reset the it switch unless otherwise Species.
‘The upper iit switch shal be power cult type, contrat crcl type or as specified by the purchaser. The
manufacturer proposal shal sate which types being lumished
Lower limit switenes shat be provided where the hook canbe lowered beyond the rated hook travel under
normal operating conditions and shall be ofthe contol crcut ype
‘Trolley travel and bridge travel im switches, when specified shal bel the contol ciru ype
‘The rip pont of al mit swiches shall be located 1 alow for maximum runout distance othe motion being
‘Stopped for the braking syst being used.
5.10 INSTALLATION
5:01
5102
Electrical equipment shalibosolocatedoronclosas Io prover he operator rom accidental contact wth ve
arts under normal operating conditions.
Electrical equipment halbe installed in accessible locations and protected against ambient environmental
‘Conditions as agroed to by the Purchaser and the crane manufacture,
5.11 BRIDGE CONDUCTOR SYSTEMS
sa
5112
sua
514
Te bridge conductors may be bare hard drawn copper it, hard copper, aluminum or see in he form of
stifshapea, insulated cables, cable oe piekup or other uable means tornee the paricular applzaten ans
shall be sized and installed in accordance with Aie 610 ofthe Nationa! Eletical Cade,
‘loca! conditions require enciosed conductor, thoy must be specified by onnar or specter.
‘The crane manufacturer shal sat te type conductors tobe fumishec
‘The published crane intermitent ratings of manufactured conductor systems shall not be fess than the
ampaciy required forthe Crcu in which they are used,
AUXILIARY GIRDER (OUTRIGGER) A gider arranged paale to te main irder for supporting the platform motor base,
ÉTÉ AAA li
¢
€
ses
sar
ses
589
Pushöutons shal o guarded or shrouded to prevent accidental actuation of crane matin.
Stop! pustbutons sha colored re,
Pendant pushbution station encosuros shall be as defined in Section 5.4 7 (a)
Pendant pushouton stations shallbe supportedin a manner hat wil protetthe electrical conductors against
stain
Minimum wire Size of muticonduct flexible cords for pendant pushbutton stations shallbe #18 AWGuniess
‘therwise permitted by Article 610 of the Nationa Electrcal Code
58 LIMIT SWITCHES
sa
592
sas
594
585
598
The hoist motion of al cranes sal be equipped wit an averavel mit sich in the raising desctonto stop
hoising mation.
Interruption ofthe rising motion shal nol interfere wih the lowering motion. Lowering ofthe block shal
automaticaly reset the it switch unless otherwise Species.
‘The upper iit switch shal be power cult type, contrat crcl type or as specified by the purchaser. The
manufacturer proposal shal sate which types being lumished
Lower limit switenes shat be provided where the hook canbe lowered beyond the rated hook travel under
normal operating conditions and shall be ofthe contol crcut ype
‘Trolley travel and bridge travel im switches, when specified shal bel the contol ciru ype
‘The rip pont of al mit swiches shall be located 1 alow for maximum runout distance othe motion being
‘Stopped for the braking syst being used.
5.10 INSTALLATION
5:01
5102
Electrical equipment shalibosolocatedoronclosas Io prover he operator rom accidental contact wth ve
arts under normal operating conditions.
Electrical equipment halbe installed in accessible locations and protected against ambient environmental
‘Conditions as agroed to by the Purchaser and the crane manufacture,
5.11 BRIDGE CONDUCTOR SYSTEMS
sa
5112
sua
514
Te bridge conductors may be bare hard drawn copper it, hard copper, aluminum or see in he form of
stifshapea, insulated cables, cable oe piekup or other uable means tornee the paricular applzaten ans
shall be sized and installed in accordance with Aie 610 ofthe Nationa! Eletical Cade,
‘loca! conditions require enciosed conductor, thoy must be specified by onnar or specter.
‘The crane manufacturer shal sat te type conductors tobe fumishec
‘The published crane intermitent ratings of manufactured conductor systems shall not be fess than the
ampaciy required forthe Crcu in which they are used,
AUXILIARY GIRDER (OUTRIGGER) A gider arranged paale to te main irder for supporting the platform motor base,
ÉTÉ AAA li
¢
€
FIGURE 5.8.
PENDANT PUSHBUTTON STATION ARRANGEMENT
In each user location, the relative arrangement unison crane pendant pushbutton
Stations shouldbe standarcized. I ne absence of such standadizalon, uggestec
Arrangement is shown in Figure 58.1
Power On
e)
Power Of
¿Os
i
feel rereltele
E
PENDANT PUSHBUTTON STATION ARRANGEMENT
In each user location, the relative arrangement unison crane pendant pushbutton
Stations shouldbe standarcized. I ne absence of such standadizalon, uggestec
Arrangement is shown in Figure 58.1
Power On
e)
Power Of
¿Os
i
feel rereltele
E
15
Currantcotectrs, used, shalbo compatible withthe ype of conte conductors urished andshalberated
forte ampacty ofthe ceutin when they a
al contact conductors hal supply current te
5.12 RUNWAY CONDUCTOR SYSTEMS
521
5122
eter
‘Seaton 1.5 of 74-1 General Spocications for information on runway conductors
Current colectora used, shal be compatible wi the ype of contact conductor furnished, The collector
‘ating shallbe sized for te crane ampaciy as computed by Arce 510 ofthe National Eiscrcal Coso A
(mu ol woclctrs or each una conductor anal lumishe when te cane ls sen tng
magnet
5.13 VOLTAGE DROP
5124
5132
5193
Si
5135
Tr purchasar shal fumish actual voltage att runway conductor supp} tags nol more than 105 percent
and ailes than 96 percent tte nominal system voltage. and shall dane o requirements cra Suma
oaducor system Lo achive an input votage not ess han 93 parent of fe nominal sytem solar Mo
‘rane atthe pont of runway conductor colecton farheat rom te runway conductor soppy toes
‘The crane manufacturer shal limit he voltage drops within the erane tothe motors and other eecticatloads
10 approximately 2 percent of the nomial System volta.
‘All otage drops in Secton 5.131 and 5.132 shall be computed by using main feader currents, individual
‘Motor curents xed load curens, and demand factors of multiple canes onthe same rua as al
by Arice 610 o he NatenalEleccal Code
Voltage crops shale calculated during maximum irush (eating) condtions to insure that ctor terminar
‚tages ae nt less thar 90 percantof rated moter votage, and contro and brake vatages are not lees an
£5 percent of device rated voltages
Zhe actual operating votags a th crane moto termine shal nt exceed 110 percent x not drop below
85 percent af moto ratings, for rated running conditions, to achieve the resuts defined in Sectnn 29.
(votage)
5.14 INVERTERS (VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVES)
5:44
5142
Inverter selection shal be besod on te dive motors) output requirements as flous:
Rx
Inverter Output = $ Inverter Capacity in kVA
ExPF
Whore: k Inverter correction facto (1.05-1.1)
KW= Required moter output
E Motor efciency
PR = Motor power acter
Inverter continuous current must be equal lo or greater than ul load motor current
Inverter overoad capaci = 1.5 x ful load motor current.
Inverter es shal be proved wih dynamic braking function ru generative capsbity. The dynamic
braking and invotr uty shall meet the requirements of te drves Santee class,
A A Lea ADRIAN LE Eu a
an
Currantcotectrs, used, shalbo compatible withthe ype of conte conductors urished andshalberated
forte ampacty ofthe ceutin when they a
al contact conductors hal supply current te
5.12 RUNWAY CONDUCTOR SYSTEMS
521
5122
eter
‘Seaton 1.5 of 74-1 General Spocications for information on runway conductors
Current colectora used, shal be compatible wi the ype of contact conductor furnished, The collector
‘ating shallbe sized for te crane ampaciy as computed by Arce 510 ofthe National Eiscrcal Coso A
(mu ol woclctrs or each una conductor anal lumishe when te cane ls sen tng
magnet
5.13 VOLTAGE DROP
5124
5132
5193
Si
5135
Tr purchasar shal fumish actual voltage att runway conductor supp} tags nol more than 105 percent
and ailes than 96 percent tte nominal system voltage. and shall dane o requirements cra Suma
oaducor system Lo achive an input votage not ess han 93 parent of fe nominal sytem solar Mo
‘rane atthe pont of runway conductor colecton farheat rom te runway conductor soppy toes
‘The crane manufacturer shal limit he voltage drops within the erane tothe motors and other eecticatloads
10 approximately 2 percent of the nomial System volta.
‘All otage drops in Secton 5.131 and 5.132 shall be computed by using main feader currents, individual
‘Motor curents xed load curens, and demand factors of multiple canes onthe same rua as al
by Arice 610 o he NatenalEleccal Code
Voltage crops shale calculated during maximum irush (eating) condtions to insure that ctor terminar
‚tages ae nt less thar 90 percantof rated moter votage, and contro and brake vatages are not lees an
£5 percent of device rated voltages
Zhe actual operating votags a th crane moto termine shal nt exceed 110 percent x not drop below
85 percent af moto ratings, for rated running conditions, to achieve the resuts defined in Sectnn 29.
(votage)
5.14 INVERTERS (VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVES)
5:44
5142
Inverter selection shal be besod on te dive motors) output requirements as flous:
Rx
Inverter Output = $ Inverter Capacity in kVA
ExPF
Whore: k Inverter correction facto (1.05-1.1)
KW= Required moter output
E Motor efciency
PR = Motor power acter
Inverter continuous current must be equal lo or greater than ul load motor current
Inverter overoad capaci = 1.5 x ful load motor current.
Inverter es shal be proved wih dynamic braking function ru generative capsbity. The dynamic
braking and invotr uty shall meet the requirements of te drves Santee class,
A A Lea ADRIAN LE Eu a
an
5.163
5164
5145
5146
$187
Inverters eha be provided with propor branch circuit protection on the line sde.
Distorted wavetors onthe ine andi shor ciruitcuront may raqui the use of solation transformers, ter
or line reactors
Une contactor shall be used with aveters for hoisting appicatons to disconnet power rom se in case
of ovorspeed or faut
AI inverters shal have overspeed protection. Mechanical lad brake may be considered as overspeed
protection for hosting mation,
Dynamic braking resistors may be considered as overspeed protection for horizontales,
Amiaimum of wo cllestrs foreach runway conductor shale fuished ithinvateruse. Use of grounding
conductor is recommenced.
5.15 REMOTE CONTROL
5154
5152
5152
5154
515
5156
5457
Remote contro may ba by moans of radio o infrared transmision oran trans conte station connected
to the crane through wiring. The contol station may corsst of pushbutone, masterswiches, computer
keyboards or combination tered. For cefiion of remate conto, ses the appicabia ANSUASME
standares.
‘Te selection and application of the remote control system should be done to assure compatbisty between
the remote control and the crane cono system and eliminate interference.
ion more than one control stations provided, electrical interlocks shallbeinciudedin the system to permi:
‘operation trom only one station ata time. Electrical interlocks defino as effective isolation a ha conta
eu withthe use orotary swith contacts, relay contacts or withthe use ote programmable logiecommoler
ard ts inpavoutput modules.
Due consideration should be given to elminaton of interference between electron signal and power
Gieuis, This includes physical and electrical separation, eilding, ele
‘Due consideration shoul also be given to the folowing:
8) Operating range ofthe remote control equipment,
9) Operating speeds of he crane,
©) Applicaton ot end travel mit itches.
©) Wiring of magnet and vacuum cscuis o the ino ide of the disconnectng means anc use of Itching
conte.
Sue Figure 6.156 for rational ado transmite lever arangement. Transmitter arrangements other than
25 shown (ely box syle) may be used.
Power disconnecting circus and warring device shall be provided,
sr
5164
5145
5146
$187
Inverters eha be provided with propor branch circuit protection on the line sde.
Distorted wavetors onthe ine andi shor ciruitcuront may raqui the use of solation transformers, ter
or line reactors
Une contactor shall be used with aveters for hoisting appicatons to disconnet power rom se in case
of ovorspeed or faut
AI inverters shal have overspeed protection. Mechanical lad brake may be considered as overspeed
protection for hosting mation,
Dynamic braking resistors may be considered as overspeed protection for horizontales,
Amiaimum of wo cllestrs foreach runway conductor shale fuished ithinvateruse. Use of grounding
conductor is recommenced.
5.15 REMOTE CONTROL
5154
5152
5152
5154
515
5156
5457
Remote contro may ba by moans of radio o infrared transmision oran trans conte station connected
to the crane through wiring. The contol station may corsst of pushbutone, masterswiches, computer
keyboards or combination tered. For cefiion of remate conto, ses the appicabia ANSUASME
standares.
‘Te selection and application of the remote control system should be done to assure compatbisty between
the remote control and the crane cono system and eliminate interference.
ion more than one control stations provided, electrical interlocks shallbeinciudedin the system to permi:
‘operation trom only one station ata time. Electrical interlocks defino as effective isolation a ha conta
eu withthe use orotary swith contacts, relay contacts or withthe use ote programmable logiecommoler
ard ts inpavoutput modules.
Due consideration should be given to elminaton of interference between electron signal and power
Gieuis, This includes physical and electrical separation, eilding, ele
‘Due consideration shoul also be given to the folowing:
8) Operating range ofthe remote control equipment,
9) Operating speeds of he crane,
©) Applicaton ot end travel mit itches.
©) Wiring of magnet and vacuum cscuis o the ino ide of the disconnectng means anc use of Itching
conte.
Sue Figure 6.156 for rational ado transmite lever arangement. Transmitter arrangements other than
25 shown (ely box syle) may be used.
Power disconnecting circus and warring device shall be provided,
sr
FIGURE 5.15.6
RADIO CRANE CONTROL TRANSMITTER LEVER ARRANGEMENT
3 Motion
Bridge Trolley Hoist
Xx Y Down
Wo Zu
G8
NOTE:
MarKing® onthe crane, ble trom the for, shall indicate the direction of bridge and toley travel
corresponding tothe W, X, Y and Z designations onthe transmitir
‘The letters use are only intended tor the purpose of lustro,
Designations shouldbe selected as appropiate to each instalation,
A
APPR PS GS A GAS aE Y OOOO en a
RADIO CRANE CONTROL TRANSMITTER LEVER ARRANGEMENT
3 Motion
Bridge Trolley Hoist
Xx Y Down
Wo Zu
G8
NOTE:
MarKing® onthe crane, ble trom the for, shall indicate the direction of bridge and toley travel
corresponding tothe W, X, Y and Z designations onthe transmitir
‘The letters use are only intended tor the purpose of lustro,
Designations shouldbe selected as appropiate to each instalation,
A
APPR PS GS A GAS aE Y OOOO en a
74-6 CRANE INQUIRY DATA SHEET
Customer
Spec. No, =
Dato
Number Cranes Required
Capacity: Mois) Tons.
equi Mook Lif (Max, Inclucing Pts or Wells Below Flor Elevation)
Hoist a, i,
‘Approximate Length of Runway: FL
Number of Cranes on Runway
$. Service Information: (Description ol Use)
Hoist:
[Number of Lits por Hour Hours per Day
Hight of Ut
Hook Magnet e
{Give Size & Weight of Magnet or any tachment
Bridge:
Number Moves per Hour Hours per Day ‘Avg. Movement A
Trolley:
Number Moves por Hour Hour per Da ‘Avg, Movoment FU
Furnish complet information regarding special conditions such as acid fumes, st
tudes, excessive dust or moisture, very severe duty, special or no load handing
Im. high temperatures, high
8. Ambient Temperature in Building: Max, Min
Matera! Hendiod
10, Speeds Required: Hoi tom Briago fom Troley tom
11, Crane to Operate: Indoors Outdoors Bom
12. Current: Vols Phase Hone AG Vols Do
Cs
Customer
Spec. No, =
Dato
Number Cranes Required
Capacity: Mois) Tons.
equi Mook Lif (Max, Inclucing Pts or Wells Below Flor Elevation)
Hoist a, i,
‘Approximate Length of Runway: FL
Number of Cranes on Runway
$. Service Information: (Description ol Use)
Hoist:
[Number of Lits por Hour Hours per Day
Hight of Ut
Hook Magnet e
{Give Size & Weight of Magnet or any tachment
Bridge:
Number Moves per Hour Hours per Day ‘Avg. Movement A
Trolley:
Number Moves por Hour Hour per Da ‘Avg, Movoment FU
Furnish complet information regarding special conditions such as acid fumes, st
tudes, excessive dust or moisture, very severe duty, special or no load handing
Im. high temperatures, high
8. Ambient Temperature in Building: Max, Min
Matera! Hendiod
10, Speeds Required: Hoi tom Briago fom Troley tom
11, Crane to Operate: Indoors Outdoors Bom
12. Current: Vols Phase Hone AG Vols Do
Cs
1,
54
45,
16.
".
18,
2
Method of Control: Cab
Location of Control: End of Crane
Floor
Remote
Conor On Tetley
Conor
Type of Control: (Give complot information including No. of speed pont),
Full Magneto — Static thor
‘Type of Control Enciosure:
‘Type of Motors: (Give compte information)
Must Wing compl with Special Conditions or Codes
Describe brieiy (See hems 7 ana)
‘Are Runway Conductors 10 be included
Type: Loose Wires Aigle Wires___ Angis
Insulated (Met)
Omer.
lit o! Special Equipment I Accessories Desired
Spociy when double hook cranes, double trolley cranes o special Cranes are required giving cetaled informa.
tion on hook spacing, ee,
“Complete atached building clearance drawing, making special note o any obstructions which may interfere with
the crane, including special clearance candi
tons underneath tho girders or cab
RN NSE SON Wenn en ee een eng WAKER Hee nn
54
45,
16.
".
18,
2
Method of Control: Cab
Location of Control: End of Crane
Floor
Remote
Conor On Tetley
Conor
Type of Control: (Give complot information including No. of speed pont),
Full Magneto — Static thor
‘Type of Control Enciosure:
‘Type of Motors: (Give compte information)
Must Wing compl with Special Conditions or Codes
Describe brieiy (See hems 7 ana)
‘Are Runway Conductors 10 be included
Type: Loose Wires Aigle Wires___ Angis
Insulated (Met)
Omer.
lit o! Special Equipment I Accessories Desired
Spociy when double hook cranes, double trolley cranes o special Cranes are required giving cetaled informa.
tion on hook spacing, ee,
“Complete atached building clearance drawing, making special note o any obstructions which may interfere with
the crane, including special clearance candi
tons underneath tho girders or cab
RN NSE SON Wenn en ee een eng WAKER Hee nn
com>
8
CRANE INQUIRY DATA SHEET
BUILDING CLEARANCES:
FOR TOP RUNNING SINGLE GIROER CRANES
Low pont ot root wuss,
gta. sorinlers or
‘ther yves
ET ss aca
i spouts
|
5
©
OPERATING
FLOOR ELEV.
TOTAL RUNWAY
LENGTH
zonm
nacer
4020
xecc
8
CRANE INQUIRY DATA SHEET
BUILDING CLEARANCES:
FOR TOP RUNNING SINGLE GIROER CRANES
Low pont ot root wuss,
gta. sorinlers or
‘ther yves
ET ss aca
i spouts
|
5
©
OPERATING
FLOOR ELEV.
TOTAL RUNWAY
LENGTH
zonm
nacer
4020
xecc
co.»
CRANE INQUIRY DATA SHEET
BUILDING CLEARANCES
FOR UNDER
Lom pont of ro! tits igs, spokes
cia it J
RUNNING SINGLE GIRDER CRANES.
y | Seran
Rooney
ies E
,
O sraces ar
Feen
=|
=
TOTAL RUNWAY
LENGTH
Nx=<
Bovoz
c0m
TEEN NT a BOR ERROR RNR ER A aie e
CRANE INQUIRY DATA SHEET
BUILDING CLEARANCES
FOR UNDER
Lom pont of ro! tits igs, spokes
cia it J
RUNNING SINGLE GIRDER CRANES.
y | Seran
Rooney
ies E
,
O sraces ar
Feen
=|
=
TOTAL RUNWAY
LENGTH
Nx=<
Bovoz
c0m
TEEN NT a BOR ERROR RNR ER A aie e
Fig. 6
‘SUGGESTED OPERATING SPEEDS
FEET PER MINUTE
FLOOR CONTROLLED CRANES:
Er mos Trouer spas
rons [eco [ueno] 7x7 | Sow Tmeonm | Past | Slow [weonar | rr
PET ST 0 Te fie | © | 6 |
EC few CTI IC III JC |
Se A Tate IC et
Ss [eu Ts oe te a
7
‘SUGGESTED OPERATING SPEEDS
FEET PER MINUTE
FLOOR CONTROLLED CRANES:
Er mos Trouer spas
rons [eco [ueno] 7x7 | Sow Tmeonm | Past | Slow [weonar | rr
PET ST 0 Te fie | © | 6 |
EC few CTI IC III JC |
Se A Tate IC et
Ss [eu Ts oe te a
7
74-7 GLOSSARY
AUXILIARY GIRDER (OUTRIGGER): A grder arranged
parallel tothe ain gider for supponing the plaorm
motor base, oporalo's cab control panels, ele, 1o
reduce the torsional forces such load would Genis
impose on the main girder
BEARING LIFEEXPECTANCY: The Lie ofan anit
‘bearings ne minimum expected ita, In hours, o 80
0a group of bearings which are operating at a given
speed and loading. The average expect Ie ofthe
bearings is approximately Ive times the Ly if.
BOX SECTION: The rectangular cross section of girders,
trucks or other members enclosed on four sides
BRAKE: Adevies or retarding orstogping tion ction
or power means.
BRIDGE: That part of an overhead crane consisting of
iors), tracks, walkway, and ive mechanism which
caries the telly and ravels ina direction paral 1a
the runway.
BRIDGE CONDUCTORS: The electrcal conductors 1o-
Celos along the bridge structure of a crane to provide
Power to the trol.
BUMPERS (BUFFER): An energy absorbing device for
reducing mpactwnenamovingcranecrtroley reaches
the end ofits pecmited rave; or when two moving
‘stanes or trolleys come into contact,
(CAB-OPERATED CRANE: Acrane contoied by anopera
torin à cab located onthe rige or rally
(CAMBER: The sight upward vertical curve given to giders
lo compensate partial or deiscton due to hook oad
and weight of the ear
CAPACITY: The maximum rates load in ton) which a
crane is designed to cary
CLEARANCE: Minimum distance from tne extremity of a
‘crane 1 he nearest obs.
GMAA: Crane Manufacturer Association o! America (lot.
mery EOCI—Electrt Overhaad Crane Institute),
COLLECTORS: Contacting devices fr catectingcurent
tom the runway or bridge conductor, The Haine
coleciorsaremountedontne ondgetotransmitaumert
from the runway conductors, and he tel colectora
‘are mounted onthe tole to transmit currant ram pe
bridge conductors,
CONTACTOR, MAGNETIC: An elctro-magnelie device
foc repeatody establishing and interuptg an slecing
power cout
CONTROLLER: A device fo reguiating ina predetermined
‘way tiepowor delveres to motor rer equipment
COVER PLATE: The op and botiom pata of box girder
CROSS SHAFT: The shaft exending across the bridge,
Used to transmi torque from motor to bridge deve
wheels,
DEAD LOADS: The loads on a structure which remain in a
fixed postion rolatve tothe Stucture, On a erane
bridge such loads incluce the grders, lootwalk cross
shat. dive units, panel, et,
DEFLECTION: Displacement dus to bending or titi in
& verteal er lateral plane, caused bythe imposed ive
and dead loads
DIAPHRAGM: Aplateorpartion between opposite parts of
a member, serving a definite purpose inthe suctral
design ota member.
DUMMY CAB: An operator's compartment or patormen a
Pendant or rado control erane, having no perme
ent mountecelectcalcontal,inwhich anoperalor
may ige while controling the crane, om a pendant or
remote control station,
ELECTRIC OVERHEAD TRAVELING CRANE: An
ea operated machine for ing, lowering anc
trarspoming loads, consisting ofa movable bg car.
ing a ad or movable hoisting mechanism and trav
ing on an overhead runway structure
ELECTRICAL BRAKING SYSTEM: A matnoc of contol
ling crane motor speed when in an ovemauing
‘condition, witout th use o ction braking,
ENCLOSED CONDUCTOR(S): A conductor or group of
Conductors subslantaly enclosed to prevent acc
dental contact,
AUXILIARY GIRDER (OUTRIGGER): A grder arranged
parallel tothe ain gider for supponing the plaorm
motor base, oporalo's cab control panels, ele, 1o
reduce the torsional forces such load would Genis
impose on the main girder
BEARING LIFEEXPECTANCY: The Lie ofan anit
‘bearings ne minimum expected ita, In hours, o 80
0a group of bearings which are operating at a given
speed and loading. The average expect Ie ofthe
bearings is approximately Ive times the Ly if.
BOX SECTION: The rectangular cross section of girders,
trucks or other members enclosed on four sides
BRAKE: Adevies or retarding orstogping tion ction
or power means.
BRIDGE: That part of an overhead crane consisting of
iors), tracks, walkway, and ive mechanism which
caries the telly and ravels ina direction paral 1a
the runway.
BRIDGE CONDUCTORS: The electrcal conductors 1o-
Celos along the bridge structure of a crane to provide
Power to the trol.
BUMPERS (BUFFER): An energy absorbing device for
reducing mpactwnenamovingcranecrtroley reaches
the end ofits pecmited rave; or when two moving
‘stanes or trolleys come into contact,
(CAB-OPERATED CRANE: Acrane contoied by anopera
torin à cab located onthe rige or rally
(CAMBER: The sight upward vertical curve given to giders
lo compensate partial or deiscton due to hook oad
and weight of the ear
CAPACITY: The maximum rates load in ton) which a
crane is designed to cary
CLEARANCE: Minimum distance from tne extremity of a
‘crane 1 he nearest obs.
GMAA: Crane Manufacturer Association o! America (lot.
mery EOCI—Electrt Overhaad Crane Institute),
COLLECTORS: Contacting devices fr catectingcurent
tom the runway or bridge conductor, The Haine
coleciorsaremountedontne ondgetotransmitaumert
from the runway conductors, and he tel colectora
‘are mounted onthe tole to transmit currant ram pe
bridge conductors,
CONTACTOR, MAGNETIC: An elctro-magnelie device
foc repeatody establishing and interuptg an slecing
power cout
CONTROLLER: A device fo reguiating ina predetermined
‘way tiepowor delveres to motor rer equipment
COVER PLATE: The op and botiom pata of box girder
CROSS SHAFT: The shaft exending across the bridge,
Used to transmi torque from motor to bridge deve
wheels,
DEAD LOADS: The loads on a structure which remain in a
fixed postion rolatve tothe Stucture, On a erane
bridge such loads incluce the grders, lootwalk cross
shat. dive units, panel, et,
DEFLECTION: Displacement dus to bending or titi in
& verteal er lateral plane, caused bythe imposed ive
and dead loads
DIAPHRAGM: Aplateorpartion between opposite parts of
a member, serving a definite purpose inthe suctral
design ota member.
DUMMY CAB: An operator's compartment or patormen a
Pendant or rado control erane, having no perme
ent mountecelectcalcontal,inwhich anoperalor
may ige while controling the crane, om a pendant or
remote control station,
ELECTRIC OVERHEAD TRAVELING CRANE: An
ea operated machine for ing, lowering anc
trarspoming loads, consisting ofa movable bg car.
ing a ad or movable hoisting mechanism and trav
ing on an overhead runway structure
ELECTRICAL BRAKING SYSTEM: A matnoc of contol
ling crane motor speed when in an ovemauing
‘condition, witout th use o ction braking,
ENCLOSED CONDUCTOR(S): A conductor or group of
Conductors subslantaly enclosed to prevent acc
dental contact,
ENCLOSURE: A housing to contain electrical compo-
‘ents, usualy specifed by a NEMA Cassiicalon
number.
END APPROACH: The minimum horizontal distance,
aloe runway, between the outermost oxo
ol the crane and the centering ofthe hook.
END TRUCK: The unit consisting of tuck Hama, wheels,
bearings, axles ot. neh supports the bridge girder.
he wing require atar erection ofthe
FIXED AXLE: An axe whichis fixed inthe truck and on
which the whee evolves.
FLOOR OPERATED CRANE: A crane which is pendant
‘controlled by an operator on the floor or on an
independent platform,
FOOTWALK: The walkway with handrail and locboards,
‘tached tothe bridge for access purposes.
GIRDER: Theprincipalhorzontalboamo!therano bridge
rich supports re toley and ls supported by he and
‘ruses,
HOIST: A machinery unit that is used for Ming and
lowering a load
HOLDING BRAKE: A brake that automatically prevents
‘mation when power is of.
HOOK APPROACH: The minimum horizontal distance
‘between the conte ofthe runway ral andthe hook
INTERLOCKING CRANE: À crane equippedwitha device
Le hok alignment between the crane gidor and a spur
or another eran girder.
INVERTER (VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVE): Amethod
‘of contol by which he xed ine volage and frequency
is changed to a Uree-phase system wit infinitely
variable voltage and frequency.
Kal: Kips por square inch — measurement of stress
Intensity.
KIP: A unio force equivalent to 1000 pounds.
KNEE BRACE: Thediagonalstucturalmemberjpining he
buiing column and root truss.
LIFT: Maximum safe vertical distance though which tne
ook, magnet or bucket can move,
LIFTING DEVICES: Buckets, magnets, grabs, and other
‘supplemental devices, tho weight of whith ls to be
considered part of tne rated lead, used for ease in
handing coran types of oad,
LIMIT SWITCH: A device designed to cu off the power
automatial at or near the It of tava for the cana,
motor.
LINE CONTACTOR: A contactor odisconnectponertrom
the supply nes.
LIVE LOAD: A load which moves relativ othe structure
‘under consideration,
LOADCARRYING PART: Arypartefthecrarcinwhichthe
induced stress is infuenced by te load an the hook.
MAGNETIC CONTROL: A device or system of dovises
having al basic functions operated by electomagnels.
MAIN LINE CONTACTOR: A magnate contactor used in
the incoming power crcu tom the mainino collectors
MAIN LINE DISCONNECT: A manual sui which breaks
the power nes leading from the main Ine colactors
MASTER SWITCH: A manually operated device which
‘serves to gover the operation of contactors and au
lary devices ofan electric contol.
MATCH MARKING: Identiicaton of noninterchangesble
pars for reassembly ater shipment,
OPERATORS CAB: The operator's compartment trom
‘which movements o he crane are controled,
‘OVERLOAD PROTECTION (OVERCURRENT): A device
‘operative on excessive current to cause and maintain
(ne interruption or reductor ofcurentTow ote equip
ment governed,
PATENTED TRACK: A genasctermretering tocrane and
‘monorail equipment bult in accordance win the MMA,
specication uzingacomposie rack sechen incorpo
rating a propristay bottom flange shape.
PENDANT PUSHBUTTON STATION: Means suspended
iomthe crane for operatng ne contoler tem the oor
‘rote level beneath the crane,
PLAINREVERSING CONTROL: Areversingcontrol which
has identical characteristics forbothcreeons of motor
rotaton
PROTECTIVE PANEL: An assembly containing overload
‘and undervotage protection fr al crane motions,
‘ents, usualy specifed by a NEMA Cassiicalon
number.
END APPROACH: The minimum horizontal distance,
aloe runway, between the outermost oxo
ol the crane and the centering ofthe hook.
END TRUCK: The unit consisting of tuck Hama, wheels,
bearings, axles ot. neh supports the bridge girder.
he wing require atar erection ofthe
FIXED AXLE: An axe whichis fixed inthe truck and on
which the whee evolves.
FLOOR OPERATED CRANE: A crane which is pendant
‘controlled by an operator on the floor or on an
independent platform,
FOOTWALK: The walkway with handrail and locboards,
‘tached tothe bridge for access purposes.
GIRDER: Theprincipalhorzontalboamo!therano bridge
rich supports re toley and ls supported by he and
‘ruses,
HOIST: A machinery unit that is used for Ming and
lowering a load
HOLDING BRAKE: A brake that automatically prevents
‘mation when power is of.
HOOK APPROACH: The minimum horizontal distance
‘between the conte ofthe runway ral andthe hook
INTERLOCKING CRANE: À crane equippedwitha device
Le hok alignment between the crane gidor and a spur
or another eran girder.
INVERTER (VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVE): Amethod
‘of contol by which he xed ine volage and frequency
is changed to a Uree-phase system wit infinitely
variable voltage and frequency.
Kal: Kips por square inch — measurement of stress
Intensity.
KIP: A unio force equivalent to 1000 pounds.
KNEE BRACE: Thediagonalstucturalmemberjpining he
buiing column and root truss.
LIFT: Maximum safe vertical distance though which tne
ook, magnet or bucket can move,
LIFTING DEVICES: Buckets, magnets, grabs, and other
‘supplemental devices, tho weight of whith ls to be
considered part of tne rated lead, used for ease in
handing coran types of oad,
LIMIT SWITCH: A device designed to cu off the power
automatial at or near the It of tava for the cana,
motor.
LINE CONTACTOR: A contactor odisconnectponertrom
the supply nes.
LIVE LOAD: A load which moves relativ othe structure
‘under consideration,
LOADCARRYING PART: Arypartefthecrarcinwhichthe
induced stress is infuenced by te load an the hook.
MAGNETIC CONTROL: A device or system of dovises
having al basic functions operated by electomagnels.
MAIN LINE CONTACTOR: A magnate contactor used in
the incoming power crcu tom the mainino collectors
MAIN LINE DISCONNECT: A manual sui which breaks
the power nes leading from the main Ine colactors
MASTER SWITCH: A manually operated device which
‘serves to gover the operation of contactors and au
lary devices ofan electric contol.
MATCH MARKING: Identiicaton of noninterchangesble
pars for reassembly ater shipment,
OPERATORS CAB: The operator's compartment trom
‘which movements o he crane are controled,
‘OVERLOAD PROTECTION (OVERCURRENT): A device
‘operative on excessive current to cause and maintain
(ne interruption or reductor ofcurentTow ote equip
ment governed,
PATENTED TRACK: A genasctermretering tocrane and
‘monorail equipment bult in accordance win the MMA,
specication uzingacomposie rack sechen incorpo
rating a propristay bottom flange shape.
PENDANT PUSHBUTTON STATION: Means suspended
iomthe crane for operatng ne contoler tem the oor
‘rote level beneath the crane,
PLAINREVERSING CONTROL: Areversingcontrol which
has identical characteristics forbothcreeons of motor
rotaton
PROTECTIVE PANEL: An assembly containing overload
‘and undervotage protection fr al crane motions,
RATED LOAD: The maximum load which the crane is
designed tc handle safe.
RESISTOR RATING: Rating established by NEMA which
assis resistor according to porcent of fu load cur.
‘ont on fst point and cuy cycle.
ROTATING AXLE: An exe which rotates withthe wheel
RUNWAY: The als, beams, brackets and framework on
hic the crane operates.
RUNWAY CONDUCTORS: The main conductors mounted
‘on or para othe runway which supply current othe
RUNWAY RAIL: Tho ral support by he runway boas
‘on which the bridge travels.
ECTION: A standard beam shape as defined by the
‘Americas Institute of Steel Construction,
SAFETY LUG: A mechanical device fixed securely tothe
fend truck or trolly yoke which wil mi he fall of the
‘rane or camier ln case of wn or ale faire,
SHALL: This word indicates thatthe adherence tothe
‘particular requirementis necessary in order to conform
toe specifeation,
SHOULD: This word incicatos thatthe cequiremont is a
ecommencation, Un advsabilty of when depends on
the facts in cn sittin,
SINGLE GIRDER CRANE: An elect overhead traveling
crane having ono main ger which supports a fixed
hoistora hoist mountedon an underrunning rlly, An
avila girder may be provided to reduce te torsional
Sresses on the main gider,
SPAN: The horizontal distance centerto-conter of runway
ras of beams,
STATIC CONTROL: A method of suithing electrical
‘Suits without the use of contas.
STEPPED: A type of contol system withthe or more
speed points,
STOP: A device 1 limi travel ofa oley or crane bridge.
“This device normaly is ataened to a nad structure and
normall does nol ave energy absorbing abi.
STRENGTH, AVERAGE ULTIMATE: The average tensile
force per unit of cross sectional area aquired to rupture
the materia as determined by test.
n
STRESS: Loador force per uni area tencing to deform the
‘material usually expressed in pouns per square em
SWEEP: Maximum lateral deviaton trom signes of
Structural member, measured at igh angles to Ne YAY
TOP RUNNING CRANE: An elschie overhead traveling
cranchaving te end tucks supported on ral atached
to tho op of the crane runway,
TORQUE, FULL LOAD (MOTOR): Thetorque produced by
a motor at ls ratos horsepower and speed.
UNDER RUNNING CRANE: An eecticovemeas travaling
crane having he end rucke supportedon rackataches
to the boto langes of the beame or supported on
bottom flanges of Beams, These beams make up the
crane runway.
UNDER VOLTAGE PROTECTION: A device operative on
the reduction or falure of voltage to cause and maintain
the interuption o! power in tha main cout
VARIABLE FREQUENCY: A method of conta by which
{he motor supply vokage and frequency can bo ad.
sted,
VOLTAGE DROP: The loss of voltage in an electo
‘conductor botween supp tap and load ap
M SECTION: A wide lange beam shape as defined bythe
"American instiute of Steel Construction.
WEB PLATE: The vorical pate connection the upper and
lower anges or cover plates ofa girder.
WHEEL BASE: Distance rom centertocenterofoutermost
whos
WHEEL LOAD: Tho load without vetica inertia forces on
‘any wheel withthe totey andlitedload (rated capacity)
positioned on tho bridge to give maximum fading,
designed tc handle safe.
RESISTOR RATING: Rating established by NEMA which
assis resistor according to porcent of fu load cur.
‘ont on fst point and cuy cycle.
ROTATING AXLE: An exe which rotates withthe wheel
RUNWAY: The als, beams, brackets and framework on
hic the crane operates.
RUNWAY CONDUCTORS: The main conductors mounted
‘on or para othe runway which supply current othe
RUNWAY RAIL: Tho ral support by he runway boas
‘on which the bridge travels.
ECTION: A standard beam shape as defined by the
‘Americas Institute of Steel Construction,
SAFETY LUG: A mechanical device fixed securely tothe
fend truck or trolly yoke which wil mi he fall of the
‘rane or camier ln case of wn or ale faire,
SHALL: This word indicates thatthe adherence tothe
‘particular requirementis necessary in order to conform
toe specifeation,
SHOULD: This word incicatos thatthe cequiremont is a
ecommencation, Un advsabilty of when depends on
the facts in cn sittin,
SINGLE GIRDER CRANE: An elect overhead traveling
crane having ono main ger which supports a fixed
hoistora hoist mountedon an underrunning rlly, An
avila girder may be provided to reduce te torsional
Sresses on the main gider,
SPAN: The horizontal distance centerto-conter of runway
ras of beams,
STATIC CONTROL: A method of suithing electrical
‘Suits without the use of contas.
STEPPED: A type of contol system withthe or more
speed points,
STOP: A device 1 limi travel ofa oley or crane bridge.
“This device normaly is ataened to a nad structure and
normall does nol ave energy absorbing abi.
STRENGTH, AVERAGE ULTIMATE: The average tensile
force per unit of cross sectional area aquired to rupture
the materia as determined by test.
n
STRESS: Loador force per uni area tencing to deform the
‘material usually expressed in pouns per square em
SWEEP: Maximum lateral deviaton trom signes of
Structural member, measured at igh angles to Ne YAY
TOP RUNNING CRANE: An elschie overhead traveling
cranchaving te end tucks supported on ral atached
to tho op of the crane runway,
TORQUE, FULL LOAD (MOTOR): Thetorque produced by
a motor at ls ratos horsepower and speed.
UNDER RUNNING CRANE: An eecticovemeas travaling
crane having he end rucke supportedon rackataches
to the boto langes of the beame or supported on
bottom flanges of Beams, These beams make up the
crane runway.
UNDER VOLTAGE PROTECTION: A device operative on
the reduction or falure of voltage to cause and maintain
the interuption o! power in tha main cout
VARIABLE FREQUENCY: A method of conta by which
{he motor supply vokage and frequency can bo ad.
sted,
VOLTAGE DROP: The loss of voltage in an electo
‘conductor botween supp tap and load ap
M SECTION: A wide lange beam shape as defined bythe
"American instiute of Steel Construction.
WEB PLATE: The vorical pate connection the upper and
lower anges or cover plates ofa girder.
WHEEL BASE: Distance rom centertocenterofoutermost
whos
WHEEL LOAD: Tho load without vetica inertia forces on
‘any wheel withthe totey andlitedload (rated capacity)
positioned on tho bridge to give maximum fading,
Accatalon Torque Fer -
Jape 528 11€
Aceseaton Rat Guide»
TaDes281.14
Acescratan Bat Mainum-
Tano 5281.43
Accsssbly - Col 510.2
Aowabi Sess. Stacia 34
‘Alonable Suess af 453
towable Suess - Gears 4.25
Assen 1.10
‘Beings 43
Beusng- Cross Shan 45.1
Bourg Lie 32
Bots Sur -38
Box Gr Proporton 3.5.1
Baie: Bidge 44 are 3
Brake Col Tine Rating 525
Brie -D0 Shunt -534
rage Acolraon- Tale 5281.44
rage Condados 5.11
age Ores 41
Bee Melon 5.28
Bro Wee's Top Runing- 47.1
Bg We - Underuming 472
Bucking 348
Bucking Coon Table 2.48.24
Burpers-3.32132 and 48
Bulking 12and 13
Cab Opetors-37
Capacty Rated 1.6
lasieaven of Cranes 21 Inv?
Care 13
Codes Relerences- 1.18
Colacors-S11:5arg5122
CotisionLosds- 332332
ofson Fores Bumper 2221.82
(Compression Member 3.46
Contacto Rating -AC Scie! Cage
Table s4522
Crtacor Rating -AC Wound tor
Table 54524
Contactar Rating - DG 20 Vat Table
54523
Certl-Magnele-$:45
Contra - Remato 542
Contra Sate-545
Contar» Arangement Figures 57.34
as
Contos - AC ond 00-54
Consoers- Badge 5.442
74-8 INDEX
Coupteg 65
Cross at Bidge 45
Detacion- 355
Dachagns- 354
Deco -Page 2
Décarnet- De 56
ravings 112
ives Bape 41
Eficeney-Geat- Table 52.11
cel Equipment 501
Ends Brake - 5 47.3
Endosue- Cool 547
Encosue- Resistor 5.47.)
Encosuro Types 5.47.4
Enclosure - Vertes 5472
Era Tach “Bridge 36
EqusizerTrusts-364
Erection 1193
Eur ves -9482
Feique- Seuctral Ses Table 347-1
Frcton. Travel hwo Table 52840
Gas 42
Gr ato - Travel 5.29
Gear Senda Faces Table 423-1
Gr Bax Poporins-251
Gidor-Beam ox-257
Glee Single Wen 258
dar Welding > Pre 8473
Glossary 747
Hoist Load Factors - 3.321.142
moa see MI)
Inspection - 1.15
Inves (arable Frequency Dies) -5:4
Lie Beaing 432
Unt Swiches-58
Loads-232
Load Combination -9323
oad Factor Dead 2321.11
ead Face Hai 33.21.142
Land Mean Erecive 423
oad Prindpal-332.11
Load Spectrum 21
Langfuéral See -252
Lata 1.16
Machin Sence Factors Table 423-1
Magnet Contol 5.7.
Magnete Conrl-545
Man Line Contactor 5.66
Mäerane 15
Master Suites - 5,7
Waara Sue -31
7
Mo -52
Moor Tavel-5281
peter. 115
Operators Cab -37
Outdoor Bio Ove Power 5281.3
Pant-19
Preston Encre 58
Push Perdant-53, Fie 88.
Proportions Box Gece «3.54
Rage Conte -§611,58 1, Faure $8.0
enets Cone - 544
Fes -85,5453
Restor Encosure 64.7.0)
Fury. 14
Rurmay Conductor 1 5542
uray Tolerances Tabe 1.41
Sonia Ces Table 261
Stating 45
Shang Bide Cross Snat- 45
Stat Angular Dan 452
Showing Faces -39.21.22
‘Speed For Conval- 766, Figure
Standards Aelerenced- 1,15
Stay Anas 3:45
Sines Pates -353
Sitener Logiucina Web 352
Sutanar- Vera 3.54
Suess Alowable Srvc 24
‘S¥06¢-Alonabe Sat-453
Stess- Alowaie Rango «347
Stress Combnes- 34490045318
‘Sues Concentration actors -4532
Test
Torn rss Sa 452
Le
VÍ (Varia maria Fens) 141.14
14129,4743
Votage Dp -6.13
Waring Devices -56:14
Woe Stes 3442
Wielding 32, Figues 34720183473
Viet Tp Ruin 47.1
Vic -Underumng- 472
ine! Lads op Auming 47.13
Weal Loads -Undomiming 472
Wee! Sting. Top Running 47.13
Whee Sing Unseruning- 2.23
hea Sig Maximum
Acceleration Rate Table 52...
Wind Loads -33.21.21,332.131
52818
O
Jape 528 11€
Aceseaton Rat Guide»
TaDes281.14
Acescratan Bat Mainum-
Tano 5281.43
Accsssbly - Col 510.2
Aowabi Sess. Stacia 34
‘Alonable Suess af 453
towable Suess - Gears 4.25
Assen 1.10
‘Beings 43
Beusng- Cross Shan 45.1
Bourg Lie 32
Bots Sur -38
Box Gr Proporton 3.5.1
Baie: Bidge 44 are 3
Brake Col Tine Rating 525
Brie -D0 Shunt -534
rage Acolraon- Tale 5281.44
rage Condados 5.11
age Ores 41
Bee Melon 5.28
Bro Wee's Top Runing- 47.1
Bg We - Underuming 472
Bucking 348
Bucking Coon Table 2.48.24
Burpers-3.32132 and 48
Bulking 12and 13
Cab Opetors-37
Capacty Rated 1.6
lasieaven of Cranes 21 Inv?
Care 13
Codes Relerences- 1.18
Colacors-S11:5arg5122
CotisionLosds- 332332
ofson Fores Bumper 2221.82
(Compression Member 3.46
Contacto Rating -AC Scie! Cage
Table s4522
Crtacor Rating -AC Wound tor
Table 54524
Contactar Rating - DG 20 Vat Table
54523
Certl-Magnele-$:45
Contra - Remato 542
Contra Sate-545
Contar» Arangement Figures 57.34
as
Contos - AC ond 00-54
Consoers- Badge 5.442
74-8 INDEX
Coupteg 65
Cross at Bidge 45
Detacion- 355
Dachagns- 354
Deco -Page 2
Décarnet- De 56
ravings 112
ives Bape 41
Eficeney-Geat- Table 52.11
cel Equipment 501
Ends Brake - 5 47.3
Endosue- Cool 547
Encosue- Resistor 5.47.)
Encosuro Types 5.47.4
Enclosure - Vertes 5472
Era Tach “Bridge 36
EqusizerTrusts-364
Erection 1193
Eur ves -9482
Feique- Seuctral Ses Table 347-1
Frcton. Travel hwo Table 52840
Gas 42
Gr ato - Travel 5.29
Gear Senda Faces Table 423-1
Gr Bax Poporins-251
Gidor-Beam ox-257
Glee Single Wen 258
dar Welding > Pre 8473
Glossary 747
Hoist Load Factors - 3.321.142
moa see MI)
Inspection - 1.15
Inves (arable Frequency Dies) -5:4
Lie Beaing 432
Unt Swiches-58
Loads-232
Load Combination -9323
oad Factor Dead 2321.11
ead Face Hai 33.21.142
Land Mean Erecive 423
oad Prindpal-332.11
Load Spectrum 21
Langfuéral See -252
Lata 1.16
Machin Sence Factors Table 423-1
Magnet Contol 5.7.
Magnete Conrl-545
Man Line Contactor 5.66
Mäerane 15
Master Suites - 5,7
Waara Sue -31
7
Mo -52
Moor Tavel-5281
peter. 115
Operators Cab -37
Outdoor Bio Ove Power 5281.3
Pant-19
Preston Encre 58
Push Perdant-53, Fie 88.
Proportions Box Gece «3.54
Rage Conte -§611,58 1, Faure $8.0
enets Cone - 544
Fes -85,5453
Restor Encosure 64.7.0)
Fury. 14
Rurmay Conductor 1 5542
uray Tolerances Tabe 1.41
Sonia Ces Table 261
Stating 45
Shang Bide Cross Snat- 45
Stat Angular Dan 452
Showing Faces -39.21.22
‘Speed For Conval- 766, Figure
Standards Aelerenced- 1,15
Stay Anas 3:45
Sines Pates -353
Sitener Logiucina Web 352
Sutanar- Vera 3.54
Suess Alowable Srvc 24
‘S¥06¢-Alonabe Sat-453
Stess- Alowaie Rango «347
Stress Combnes- 34490045318
‘Sues Concentration actors -4532
Test
Torn rss Sa 452
Le
VÍ (Varia maria Fens) 141.14
14129,4743
Votage Dp -6.13
Waring Devices -56:14
Woe Stes 3442
Wielding 32, Figues 34720183473
Viet Tp Ruin 47.1
Vic -Underumng- 472
ine! Lads op Auming 47.13
Weal Loads -Undomiming 472
Wee! Sting. Top Running 47.13
Whee Sing Unseruning- 2.23
hea Sig Maximum
Acceleration Rate Table 52...
Wind Loads -33.21.21,332.131
52818
O
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