Code_Switching in Latina-American narratives_Presentation (1).pptx

Code-switching in Sandra Cisneros the house of spirits

1. Spanish as Resistance: Code-Switching in Latina-American Novels Sandra Cisneros, Judith Ortiz Cofer, Viola Canales Code-switching as a counter-narrative Academic Overview

2. Introduction Language expresses and shapes identity Latina-American authors embed Spanish in English texts Strategy to resist English-only mainstream literature

3. Background & Tradition Bilingualism in literature dates back to Mexican-American War Civil Rights Movement revitalized bilingual writing Second-generation Latina writers educated in English but rooted in Spanish

4. Definition of Code-Switching Alternation between two linguistic codes Systematic and meaningful—not due to lack of vocabulary Earlier stigma replaced by recognition of cultural value

5. Strategies in Literature Cushioned Spanish – meaning clear from context Spanish followed by English translation Untranslated Spanish – challenging monolingual readers Examples: Cisneros, Cofer, Canales

6. Types of Code-Switching Inter-sentential: switches between sentences Intra-sentential: switches within a sentence Tag-switching: insertion of short phrases Torres’s 3 strategies: Cushioned, Gratifying bilingual, Radical bilingualism

7. Spanglish Hybrid language blending Spanish and English Controversial – seen as creative or degrading In *Call Me María*: reflects Puerto Rican barrio life María’s trilingual identity: Spanish, English, Spanglish

8. Reasons for Code-Switching Affirm cultural identity and pride Political act resisting monolingualism Reflects authentic community speech Stylistic, aesthetic, and humorous purposes

9. Deliberate vs. Accidental Spontaneous in everyday bilingual speech Deliberate in literature – edited and intentional Authors balance bilingual and monolingual audiences

10. Impact on Text & Readers Challenges U.S. monolingualism Empowers bilingual/bicultural readers Introduces Spanish to monolingual audiences Creates a cultural 'contact zone'

11. Conclusion Code-switching is political, cultural, and creative resistance Bilingualism validated as a literary mode Latina voices reshape American literature