Cognitive Constructivism of Jean Piaget

Cognitive Constructivism of Jean Piaget - Cognitive levels and cognitive process - Education Psychology

1. Cognitive constructivism of Jean Piaget Suresh Babu G Assistant Professor CTE CPAS Paippad , Kottayam

2. Cognitive Constructivism Theory H uman beings must build their own knowledge and meaning through experiences.(Cognitive Constructivist Theories) The definition of cognitive is the mental faculty of knowing, which includes perceiving, recognizing, conceiving, judging, reasoning, and imagining .(Dictionary.com) The three areas of Constructivism are cognitive, social and radical. All three areas of Constructivism assert that the acquisition of knowledge and understanding is an ongoing process that is heavily influenced by a student’s prior knowledge The Cognitive Constructivism Theory differs from the other two in the belief that knowledge is the result of the accurate internalization and reconstruction of external reality. (Doolittle & Camp, 1999)

3. The Cognitive Constructivism Theory of learning and teaching is based on Piaget’s beliefs that humans cannot be given information that they immediately understand and use

4. Jean Piaget(1896 – 1980) Jean Piaget was born in Neuchatel, Switzerland, on August 9, 1896 . He was the oldest child of Arthur Piaget, professor of medieval literature at the University, and of Rebecca Jackson .

5. Piaget’s Stages of Development

6. 1. Sensorimotor Stage - Infancy (0-2 Years) In this periods intelligence is demonstrated through motor activity, without the use of symbols. Knowledge of the world is developing but limited because of how it is based on physical interactions and experiences.

7. Pre-operational stage - Toddler and Early Childhood(2-7 Years) Intelligence is demonstrated through the use of symbols, language use matures, and memory and imagination are developed in this period. Egocentric thinking predominates.

8. Concrete operational stage - Elementary and early adolescence(7-12 Years) In this stage intelligence is demonstrated through logical and systematic manipulation of symbols related to concrete objects. Operational thinking develops and egocentric thought diminishes

9. Formal operational stage - Adolescence and adulthood (12-18 Years) Intelligence is demonstrated through the logical use of symbols related to abstract concepts (conceptual reasoning). Early in the period egocentric thought revisits.

10. Cognitive Process - Piaget Piaget proposed that children’s thinking does not develop completely and smoothly Instead there are certain points at which it takes off and progresses into completely new areas and abilities. In his view, early cognitive development involves processes based upon actions which later progress into changes in mental operations.

11. Concept of Schema - Piagat A representation in the mind of a set of ideas or actions which go together. Schemas are the basic structural units of human-mind. They consist organisational patterns of behaviour that an individual use in dealing with objects in the environment . It develops through cognitive p rocess

12. Stages of Cognitive Process Assimilation: The process of taking in information into our previously existing schemas. Accommodation: Involves altering existing ideas or schemas as a result of new information or new experiences. Equilibration: A mechanism that assists children in achieving a balance between assimilation and accommodation

13. Characteristics of Each S tages Each stage is a structured whole and in a state of equilibrium Each stage derives from the previous stage and incorporate and transform to prepare for the next  The stages follow an invariant sequence

14. The stages are universal. There is a gradual progression from stage to stage

15. Example Here a schema is formed