Communicative english-8
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About This Presentation
Communicative english-8
Slide Content
Eliana
Communicative
English
Ne
Communicative
English
Ne
PUBLISHED BY
% Gliana
nue anos
586, UN rete Noida
Designed by :
Harsh Infotech
Printed at
“x
% Gliana
nue anos
586, UN rete Noida
Designed by :
Harsh Infotech
Printed at
“x
The English language skis acquired at the school level often determines
children's future, their academic success and effectiveness in social
interaction
‘The focus in teaching, therefore, should be more on equipping learners with
sellearning strategies than on providing them with information. A large
number of learners use e-mail, text-messaging and the Internet extensively
{or personal and academic purposes. What makes many ofthese attractives
the possibilty to consume, remix, interact with and create new contents.
Elana Communicative English (A Main Course Book of English) for primary
school learners which offers such possiblities and aims to equip them with
‘capabilities for selfearning. also creates for various types of learners, be it
auditory, kinesthetic, visual or verbal. While retaining the pedagogic rigour of
traditional learning, the course aims to develop learners’ communication
Skil. Integrated tasks and exercises with multiple levels of challenge
together with lively illustrations that supplement reading passages, poems
and tasks make this seriesuniqueand moderninits approach.
‘Special Features
+ The texts are of importance to the learners. Aspects that are relevant to
the child's interest and imagination, and length of texts has been
considered.
+ Anaunced teaching of functions and usage done through communicative
tasks inthe teaching grammar.
+The series comprises of all the colours of reading. Such as stories, poems,
facts, topics, dramas, letters, biography, autobiography as wel as only for
reading.
+ The book has Sample Papers and Graded Assessment Papers designed at
specialintervalstotest the report of students.
With a student friendly text and teacher friendly content, the series is sure to
make learning English more effective, purposeful and a joy both for the
learnerandtheteacher.
-Authoress.
a? SA
children's future, their academic success and effectiveness in social
interaction
‘The focus in teaching, therefore, should be more on equipping learners with
sellearning strategies than on providing them with information. A large
number of learners use e-mail, text-messaging and the Internet extensively
{or personal and academic purposes. What makes many ofthese attractives
the possibilty to consume, remix, interact with and create new contents.
Elana Communicative English (A Main Course Book of English) for primary
school learners which offers such possiblities and aims to equip them with
‘capabilities for selfearning. also creates for various types of learners, be it
auditory, kinesthetic, visual or verbal. While retaining the pedagogic rigour of
traditional learning, the course aims to develop learners’ communication
Skil. Integrated tasks and exercises with multiple levels of challenge
together with lively illustrations that supplement reading passages, poems
and tasks make this seriesuniqueand moderninits approach.
‘Special Features
+ The texts are of importance to the learners. Aspects that are relevant to
the child's interest and imagination, and length of texts has been
considered.
+ Anaunced teaching of functions and usage done through communicative
tasks inthe teaching grammar.
+The series comprises of all the colours of reading. Such as stories, poems,
facts, topics, dramas, letters, biography, autobiography as wel as only for
reading.
+ The book has Sample Papers and Graded Assessment Papers designed at
specialintervalstotest the report of students.
With a student friendly text and teacher friendly content, the series is sure to
make learning English more effective, purposeful and a joy both for the
learnerandtheteacher.
-Authoress.
a? SA
+
Contents.
1. NoMenAreForeign
2. The Challenge ofthe Himalayas
sons
oo
10.
mn.
12
13:
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
‘An Uncomfortable Bed
+ Model Test Paper-1
An Island of Trees
Letter tothe Children of India
Inthe Bazaar of Hyderabad
‘The Wise Men of Ramnagar
+ Model Test Paper IL
Advia!
‘The Palindrome
+ Graded Assessment -1
‘The End of Living—
‘The Beginning of Survival
‘The Adventure of the Blue Carbuncle
Where the Mind is Without Fear!
+ Model Test Paper II
‘The Canterville Ghost
Wangari Maathai—An Ambassador
Heal the World
Living with Beeji
+ Model Test Paper -1V
‘Abraham Lincoln
Ram and the ‘Weeping Princess —1
Ram and the Weeping Princess 1
+ Graded Assessment-Il
5
8
15
21
2
31
36
39
46
47
55
61
63
69
76
79
80
88
94
97
105
106
114
120
127
8 Ep
Contents.
1. NoMenAreForeign
2. The Challenge ofthe Himalayas
sons
oo
10.
mn.
12
13:
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
‘An Uncomfortable Bed
+ Model Test Paper-1
An Island of Trees
Letter tothe Children of India
Inthe Bazaar of Hyderabad
‘The Wise Men of Ramnagar
+ Model Test Paper IL
Advia!
‘The Palindrome
+ Graded Assessment -1
‘The End of Living—
‘The Beginning of Survival
‘The Adventure of the Blue Carbuncle
Where the Mind is Without Fear!
+ Model Test Paper II
‘The Canterville Ghost
Wangari Maathai—An Ambassador
Heal the World
Living with Beeji
+ Model Test Paper -1V
‘Abraham Lincoln
Ram and the ‘Weeping Princess —1
Ram and the Weeping Princess 1
+ Graded Assessment-Il
5
8
15
21
2
31
36
39
46
47
55
61
63
69
76
79
80
88
94
97
105
106
114
120
127
8 Ep
13
Ÿ No Men Are Foreign
Remember, no men are strange, no countries foreign
Bencathall uniforms, a single body breathes
Like ours; the land ourbrothers walk upon
Isearth like this, in which we all shall lie.
‘They, too aware of sun and air and water,
Are fed by peaceful harvests, by war's long winterstarvd.
‘Their hands are ours, and in their lives we read
Alabournot different from our own.
Rememberthey have eyes like ours that wake
Orsteep, and strength that an be won
By love. In every land is common life
‘Thatall can recognize and understand.
Letus remember, whenever weare told
To hate our brothers, itis ourselves
‘That we shall dispossess, betray, condemn,
Remember, we who take arms against each other,
Itisthe human earth that we defile,
Ourhells of fire and dust outrage the innocence
fair that is everywhere our own,
Remember, nomen are foreign, and no countries strange.
a
—James Kirkup
Ÿ No Men Are Foreign
Remember, no men are strange, no countries foreign
Bencathall uniforms, a single body breathes
Like ours; the land ourbrothers walk upon
Isearth like this, in which we all shall lie.
‘They, too aware of sun and air and water,
Are fed by peaceful harvests, by war's long winterstarvd.
‘Their hands are ours, and in their lives we read
Alabournot different from our own.
Rememberthey have eyes like ours that wake
Orsteep, and strength that an be won
By love. In every land is common life
‘Thatall can recognize and understand.
Letus remember, whenever weare told
To hate our brothers, itis ourselves
‘That we shall dispossess, betray, condemn,
Remember, we who take arms against each other,
Itisthe human earth that we defile,
Ourhells of fire and dust outrage the innocence
fair that is everywhere our own,
Remember, nomen are foreign, and no countries strange.
a
—James Kirkup
Word Meaning
uniforms + dressess; outward appearances ‘you; be disloyal or unfaithful
single body thesamebody,hands,legs,etc. defile + pollute:makedirtyorunclean
warslongwinter : when there is war, people have helps of fire and dust the time of war when there is
toremainshut up in their homes fireanddustallaround
as in winter, when the days and outrage + damage; abuse; harm; make
nightsseemtobetoolong somebody very shocked and
disposses + rob; take away one's land or angry
property innocence: purity; virtue; _simpleness;
betray + cheat; hurt someone who trusts guiessness
+ Comprehension
A
B. Answer each question briefly
Choose from the box the correct word for each blank:
All human beings on this are the same. No men are
strange, and no. are foreign. Allof us live on the same
earth and the same air. If we hate others, its lke
hating ourselves because there is no betweenus and
others. Love is the best to win others. By taking up
arms one another, we defile the human earth itself
So we should always that no men are
andno countries are strange.
What does the poet mean by saying that all men are fed by peaceful
the phrase: "by war's long winter starv'd'
What happens when we take up arms againsteach other?
1. Howarenomen'strange'?
2. Howareno countries foreign’?
3.
harvests"?
4. Expl
5. Whatcanstrengthbe won by?
6. Whyshouldwe not hate our brothers?
7
8.
What idea does the poet want to convey inthis poem?
SS
uniforms + dressess; outward appearances ‘you; be disloyal or unfaithful
single body thesamebody,hands,legs,etc. defile + pollute:makedirtyorunclean
warslongwinter : when there is war, people have helps of fire and dust the time of war when there is
toremainshut up in their homes fireanddustallaround
as in winter, when the days and outrage + damage; abuse; harm; make
nightsseemtobetoolong somebody very shocked and
disposses + rob; take away one's land or angry
property innocence: purity; virtue; _simpleness;
betray + cheat; hurt someone who trusts guiessness
+ Comprehension
A
B. Answer each question briefly
Choose from the box the correct word for each blank:
All human beings on this are the same. No men are
strange, and no. are foreign. Allof us live on the same
earth and the same air. If we hate others, its lke
hating ourselves because there is no betweenus and
others. Love is the best to win others. By taking up
arms one another, we defile the human earth itself
So we should always that no men are
andno countries are strange.
What does the poet mean by saying that all men are fed by peaceful
the phrase: "by war's long winter starv'd'
What happens when we take up arms againsteach other?
1. Howarenomen'strange'?
2. Howareno countries foreign’?
3.
harvests"?
4. Expl
5. Whatcanstrengthbe won by?
6. Whyshouldwe not hate our brothers?
7
8.
What idea does the poet want to convey inthis poem?
SS
~
e
Vocabulary
©. Fillintheblankswiththe opposites of underlined words:
1. MyjobisnotsimilartothatofKapil;IYs quite
2. Ihaveexperienced peacefulas wellas. daysinmylife.
3... 'mawareofallyour doings;thereisnothingl'm of.
4, Betrayal and can't go together. You can be either
faithfulor unfaithful
5. Parents should be aware of the strengths as well as of
theirchildren.
6. Forme thereisnothing strange here; 'm with this area
since my childhood.
7. People praise the government for its good policies and
itforits wrong policies.
Face is not always the index of one's innocence or
Appearancescan be deceptive.
Grammar Corner
D. Complete eachsentence with the correct word:
What country is Paris the capital
We wentto theairporttosee him
Itlooks nice, but what do youeat it. ?
Helooks worried, but don't know what. ?
He's not well. Willyou look him in my absence?
We weren't sureifhewasapersonwecoulddepend _—_—_—_
The weather's terrible, but its the sort of weather I'm used
| saw you at the station. What train were you trying to get
?
e
Vocabulary
©. Fillintheblankswiththe opposites of underlined words:
1. MyjobisnotsimilartothatofKapil;IYs quite
2. Ihaveexperienced peacefulas wellas. daysinmylife.
3... 'mawareofallyour doings;thereisnothingl'm of.
4, Betrayal and can't go together. You can be either
faithfulor unfaithful
5. Parents should be aware of the strengths as well as of
theirchildren.
6. Forme thereisnothing strange here; 'm with this area
since my childhood.
7. People praise the government for its good policies and
itforits wrong policies.
Face is not always the index of one's innocence or
Appearancescan be deceptive.
Grammar Corner
D. Complete eachsentence with the correct word:
What country is Paris the capital
We wentto theairporttosee him
Itlooks nice, but what do youeat it. ?
Helooks worried, but don't know what. ?
He's not well. Willyou look him in my absence?
We weren't sureifhewasapersonwecoulddepend _—_—_—_
The weather's terrible, but its the sort of weather I'm used
| saw you at the station. What train were you trying to get
?
4
\ The Challenge of
the Himalayas
‘Travelling beyond the Zojila Pass, Jawaharlal Nehru arrived at Matayan where he met a
young porter.
“Shaab, the famous caves of Amarnath are just beyond that snow covered peak,” said the
porter.
“But Sir, the road is very difficult and very steep,” Kishen, the shepherd, interrupted the
porter, “and then itisalsoa long way away.”
“How far?” Jawaharlal wanted to know.
“Eight miles shaab,” the porter replied quickly.
“Great! Then we are definitely going there.” Jawaharlal quickly made-up his mind and then
looked questioningly at his cousin. The two of them had come to Kashmir on a sight seeing
trip and had then entered Ladakh. Now Jawaharlal felt that going to Amarnath was a great
idea. His adventurous nature made him even keener when he heard of how difficult the path
was going to be.
“Who will go with me?” he wanted to know.
Kishen spoke up quickly, “TII come with you sir. My
daughter can take the sheep for grazing.”
Early next morning Jawaharlal was ready to go.
The darkness of the night was fading as the first
sunlight brightened the sky. The Tibet Valley
was an impressive sight as all they could
see till the horizon was an endless
expanse of bare, grey rocks, without a
tree in sight! Then the soaring peaks
topped with pale snow began to glitter
in the golden rays of the sun like the
‘marble of the Taj Mahal. In the distance
there were many small glaciers that
seemed to be moving ever loser, as ifto
\ The Challenge of
the Himalayas
‘Travelling beyond the Zojila Pass, Jawaharlal Nehru arrived at Matayan where he met a
young porter.
“Shaab, the famous caves of Amarnath are just beyond that snow covered peak,” said the
porter.
“But Sir, the road is very difficult and very steep,” Kishen, the shepherd, interrupted the
porter, “and then itisalsoa long way away.”
“How far?” Jawaharlal wanted to know.
“Eight miles shaab,” the porter replied quickly.
“Great! Then we are definitely going there.” Jawaharlal quickly made-up his mind and then
looked questioningly at his cousin. The two of them had come to Kashmir on a sight seeing
trip and had then entered Ladakh. Now Jawaharlal felt that going to Amarnath was a great
idea. His adventurous nature made him even keener when he heard of how difficult the path
was going to be.
“Who will go with me?” he wanted to know.
Kishen spoke up quickly, “TII come with you sir. My
daughter can take the sheep for grazing.”
Early next morning Jawaharlal was ready to go.
The darkness of the night was fading as the first
sunlight brightened the sky. The Tibet Valley
was an impressive sight as all they could
see till the horizon was an endless
expanse of bare, grey rocks, without a
tree in sight! Then the soaring peaks
topped with pale snow began to glitter
in the golden rays of the sun like the
‘marble of the Taj Mahal. In the distance
there were many small glaciers that
seemed to be moving ever loser, as ifto
welcome them to theiricy world. Atthe same time the chilly wind froze theirbones.
After rubbing his palms to warm them up, Jawaharlal wrapped a length of rope around his
‘waist and was ready to move. Itwas as ifthe Himalayan peaks were challenging him and how
could he refuse? Kishen was now their guide as he led Jawaharlal, his cousin and the porters,
alltied together by the rope, along the steep hill path.
‘Ivis just a climb of eight miles, thought Jawaharlal enthusiastically and began to walk fast.
(On the plains an eight mile walk would have been easy for him but this was along a steep and
rocky hill slope and soon he was finding it difficult taking every step.
He looked around and all he could see were bare rocks without any touch of green anywhere.
‘The sight of even a single flower would have cheered them up but all they saw were the grey
rocks and the white snow. Oddly enough, the silence around them had a touch of
peacefulness about it. The sharp, cold breeze made them shiver but it also added a bracing
freshnessand energy to their walk.
Jawaharlal had begun by striding along briskly but the higher they got the harderit became to
breathe, One of the porters gota nose bleed and he quickly helped to treatit.
He was also feeling a growing pressure inside his ears a
Buthe was still determined to go on.
‘Then it began to snow. Now the path became slippery making it even harder to walk and they
beganto feel very tired climbing the steep slope.
Suddenly a beautiful vista opened before them as they saw a picturesque valley surrounded
by snowy peaks. It was as if nature had created a snowy crown for a god and looking at it
made them feel refreshed again. Then just as suddenly as it had appeared, the valley vanished
behind the swirling mist
‘They had started their climb at four in the morning and now it was noon. By then they had
probably climbed up to sixteen thousand feet which was higher than the Amarnath caves but
they could not see the caves anywhere. Even so, Jawaharlal refused to slow down, as if the
challenge of the Himalayas was making him go on.
“Shaab, lets go back,” one of the porters suggested. “It will get dark by the time we get back
tothe camp.”
“But we haven't reached Amarnath yet!” Jawaharlal protested, clearly unhappy with the
suggestion
“Itis quite far, across that field ofice,” Kishen spoke up.
“Okay. Lets go!” Jawaharlal tried to encourage the porters. “We have already climbed this
farand now there is just that half mile of the field leftto cover.”
‘They had to cross the ice field and then climb down to reach the cave. As Jawaharlal began to
walk he realized that the field was quite uneven below a thin layer of ice. There were deep
es
his blood was rushing to his brain.
After rubbing his palms to warm them up, Jawaharlal wrapped a length of rope around his
‘waist and was ready to move. Itwas as ifthe Himalayan peaks were challenging him and how
could he refuse? Kishen was now their guide as he led Jawaharlal, his cousin and the porters,
alltied together by the rope, along the steep hill path.
‘Ivis just a climb of eight miles, thought Jawaharlal enthusiastically and began to walk fast.
(On the plains an eight mile walk would have been easy for him but this was along a steep and
rocky hill slope and soon he was finding it difficult taking every step.
He looked around and all he could see were bare rocks without any touch of green anywhere.
‘The sight of even a single flower would have cheered them up but all they saw were the grey
rocks and the white snow. Oddly enough, the silence around them had a touch of
peacefulness about it. The sharp, cold breeze made them shiver but it also added a bracing
freshnessand energy to their walk.
Jawaharlal had begun by striding along briskly but the higher they got the harderit became to
breathe, One of the porters gota nose bleed and he quickly helped to treatit.
He was also feeling a growing pressure inside his ears a
Buthe was still determined to go on.
‘Then it began to snow. Now the path became slippery making it even harder to walk and they
beganto feel very tired climbing the steep slope.
Suddenly a beautiful vista opened before them as they saw a picturesque valley surrounded
by snowy peaks. It was as if nature had created a snowy crown for a god and looking at it
made them feel refreshed again. Then just as suddenly as it had appeared, the valley vanished
behind the swirling mist
‘They had started their climb at four in the morning and now it was noon. By then they had
probably climbed up to sixteen thousand feet which was higher than the Amarnath caves but
they could not see the caves anywhere. Even so, Jawaharlal refused to slow down, as if the
challenge of the Himalayas was making him go on.
“Shaab, lets go back,” one of the porters suggested. “It will get dark by the time we get back
tothe camp.”
“But we haven't reached Amarnath yet!” Jawaharlal protested, clearly unhappy with the
suggestion
“Itis quite far, across that field ofice,” Kishen spoke up.
“Okay. Lets go!” Jawaharlal tried to encourage the porters. “We have already climbed this
farand now there is just that half mile of the field leftto cover.”
‘They had to cross the ice field and then climb down to reach the cave. As Jawaharlal began to
walk he realized that the field was quite uneven below a thin layer of ice. There were deep
es
his blood was rushing to his brain.
crevices and holes all covered by ice so they could not see them and it was also very slippery.
‘They had to walk very carefully as at some places they would slip and at others their feet
‘would sink into the soft snow. Even though it was harder than the earlier climb, the ever
‘energetic Jawaharlal was enjoying the experience.
‘Then before he could see it, he slipped and fell into a deep crevice.
“Aaaa…hl
“He has fallen!” yelled Kishen in panic,
“Jawahar!” his cousin’s shout broke the silence of the valley as the others ran to the edge of
the slopeand peered down.
Jawaharlal was hanging precariously in mid air, at the end of the rope. He looked about in
panic; there were rocks all around him and a dark chasm below. He held on tightly to the rope
which washisonly safeguard.
“Jawahar . ..” he heard his cousin call again. He could vaguely see faces looking down at
him, “Hold on to the rope, weare pulling you up.”
He knew that it would not be easy to pull him up because the ground was so slippery. “Bhai,
Im going to push with my feet,” he yelled up. Then very carefully, he began to push himself
upward with his feet along the rock face. He felt his courage flood back as he felt the rocks
beneath his feet.
“Don't be scared,” he heard his cousin call out.
“Lam fine,” he called back. Holding tight to the rope, he took one
step ata time moving carefully upwards.
At times his heart sank as his foot slipped or a bit of the rock
broke away but he went on, holding on grimly to the rope.
‘The rope was bitting into his skin but he ignored the pain
in his hands. Very, very slowly he managed to reach the
top and then took a quick glance backwards. The crevice
was so deep that if anyone fell, then no one would be
able to see him again.
“Oh, thank god!” his cousin took a deep breath ofrelief.
“Sir are you hurt?” one porter asked anxiously.
‘Shaking his head, Jawaharlal brushed his clothes and
was ready to go on. He felt a bit shaken by the accident
butithad not dented his enthusiasm one bit.
However, they soon realized that there were many more
such hidden slopes and erevices before them and they
did nothave the climbing equipment to cross them.
TA
*heshouted.
‘They had to walk very carefully as at some places they would slip and at others their feet
‘would sink into the soft snow. Even though it was harder than the earlier climb, the ever
‘energetic Jawaharlal was enjoying the experience.
‘Then before he could see it, he slipped and fell into a deep crevice.
“Aaaa…hl
“He has fallen!” yelled Kishen in panic,
“Jawahar!” his cousin’s shout broke the silence of the valley as the others ran to the edge of
the slopeand peered down.
Jawaharlal was hanging precariously in mid air, at the end of the rope. He looked about in
panic; there were rocks all around him and a dark chasm below. He held on tightly to the rope
which washisonly safeguard.
“Jawahar . ..” he heard his cousin call again. He could vaguely see faces looking down at
him, “Hold on to the rope, weare pulling you up.”
He knew that it would not be easy to pull him up because the ground was so slippery. “Bhai,
Im going to push with my feet,” he yelled up. Then very carefully, he began to push himself
upward with his feet along the rock face. He felt his courage flood back as he felt the rocks
beneath his feet.
“Don't be scared,” he heard his cousin call out.
“Lam fine,” he called back. Holding tight to the rope, he took one
step ata time moving carefully upwards.
At times his heart sank as his foot slipped or a bit of the rock
broke away but he went on, holding on grimly to the rope.
‘The rope was bitting into his skin but he ignored the pain
in his hands. Very, very slowly he managed to reach the
top and then took a quick glance backwards. The crevice
was so deep that if anyone fell, then no one would be
able to see him again.
“Oh, thank god!” his cousin took a deep breath ofrelief.
“Sir are you hurt?” one porter asked anxiously.
‘Shaking his head, Jawaharlal brushed his clothes and
was ready to go on. He felt a bit shaken by the accident
butithad not dented his enthusiasm one bit.
However, they soon realized that there were many more
such hidden slopes and erevices before them and they
did nothave the climbing equipment to cross them.
TA
*heshouted.
Finally a very disappointed Jawaharlal had to leave his expedition to the Amamath cave half
way. His dream did not come true but he remained a lover of the mountains and was always
attracted to the snowy peaks of the Himalayas.
A: Word Meaning
endlessexpanse : neverendingarea darkchasm = dark, deeperack
deeperevices — : deepcracks safeguard : here protection againstfaling
precariously dangerously
. Comprehension
A. Answerasdirected:
1. “Great Then we are definitely going there.”
Tick (7) the correct option. Nehru wanted to go to Amarnath because:
a. Nehruwasa religious man, =
b. Amarnathwas eight miles away. =
€. thejourney to Amarnath seemed exciting, |_|
4. hecouldn'tsay"No'to hisfriends. =
2. Jawaharlal wrapped alength of rope around his waist.
Complete this statement. All travellers were tied together with a rope
to
3. Hewasfindingit difficult taking every step.
Why was Nehru finding it more difficult to walk on the hill slope than
onthe plains?
4, "Shaab, let's go back,” one of the porters suggested.
Tick (V) the correct option. The porter wanted to go backas he:
a. wasscaredandtired.
b. was cautious and knew the journey would be more
dangerousafter sunset. =
way. His dream did not come true but he remained a lover of the mountains and was always
attracted to the snowy peaks of the Himalayas.
A: Word Meaning
endlessexpanse : neverendingarea darkchasm = dark, deeperack
deeperevices — : deepcracks safeguard : here protection againstfaling
precariously dangerously
. Comprehension
A. Answerasdirected:
1. “Great Then we are definitely going there.”
Tick (7) the correct option. Nehru wanted to go to Amarnath because:
a. Nehruwasa religious man, =
b. Amarnathwas eight miles away. =
€. thejourney to Amarnath seemed exciting, |_|
4. hecouldn'tsay"No'to hisfriends. =
2. Jawaharlal wrapped alength of rope around his waist.
Complete this statement. All travellers were tied together with a rope
to
3. Hewasfindingit difficult taking every step.
Why was Nehru finding it more difficult to walk on the hill slope than
onthe plains?
4, "Shaab, let's go back,” one of the porters suggested.
Tick (V) the correct option. The porter wanted to go backas he:
a. wasscaredandtired.
b. was cautious and knew the journey would be more
dangerousafter sunset. =
€. thought they were lost because they could not see the caves
anywhere. =
d. hadalotofworkpendingathome, =
One of the porters is incorrectly describing the beauty of the Himalayas.
Underline allthe errors and rewrite the text in your notebooks:
We started our expedition to Amarnth at dusk. The Tibet valley is expansive
and all you can see till the horizon are the moss covered rocks and snow. As.
the sun rose higher, we could see the gigantic brown mountains and small
glaciers. The air wasstilland the silence was scary.
‘The walk up the hill was difficult because it was very slippery and smooth,
making it difficult to get a foothold. As we climbed up, we noticed the
different kinds of flowers and trees. However, we were careful to not look
down over the edge as the eagle eye view of the entire valley was
frightening.
Match these phrases with their meanings
1. fromscratch a. surprised
2. digheelsin b. bepatient
3. takenaback c. totakea risk
4. holdyourhorses d. tobestubborn
5. tostickyourneckout e. fromthebeginning
Now write the meanings of these phrases from the passage in your own
words:
‘made up his mind
hisheartsank.
feltabit shaken.
dented his enthusiasm
felt his courage flood back
Answer these questions:
1. Whydidthe porter's nose start bleeding?
2. Suddenly a beautiful vista opened before them. Describe the ‘vst
What effect did t have on them? How did ‘open’ and vanish'?
Why was the trek across the ice field more difficult than the earlier
climb?
5
anywhere. =
d. hadalotofworkpendingathome, =
One of the porters is incorrectly describing the beauty of the Himalayas.
Underline allthe errors and rewrite the text in your notebooks:
We started our expedition to Amarnth at dusk. The Tibet valley is expansive
and all you can see till the horizon are the moss covered rocks and snow. As.
the sun rose higher, we could see the gigantic brown mountains and small
glaciers. The air wasstilland the silence was scary.
‘The walk up the hill was difficult because it was very slippery and smooth,
making it difficult to get a foothold. As we climbed up, we noticed the
different kinds of flowers and trees. However, we were careful to not look
down over the edge as the eagle eye view of the entire valley was
frightening.
Match these phrases with their meanings
1. fromscratch a. surprised
2. digheelsin b. bepatient
3. takenaback c. totakea risk
4. holdyourhorses d. tobestubborn
5. tostickyourneckout e. fromthebeginning
Now write the meanings of these phrases from the passage in your own
words:
‘made up his mind
hisheartsank.
feltabit shaken.
dented his enthusiasm
felt his courage flood back
Answer these questions:
1. Whydidthe porter's nose start bleeding?
2. Suddenly a beautiful vista opened before them. Describe the ‘vst
What effect did t have on them? How did ‘open’ and vanish'?
Why was the trek across the ice field more difficult than the earlier
climb?
5
4, Howdid Nehru fall? What saved his life?
In your own words, describe how Nehru was pulled back up to the
ground.
6. Nehru and the others had to leave their expedition half way. Why?
Carefully read the text again and list all the reasons you think are
probable.
GRAMMAR CORNER
+ AdverbClauses
‘An adverb clause fulfils the same function as that of an adverb. It usually
follows or precedes the main clause.
Jawaharlal had begun by striding along briskly... adverb)
Jawaharlal had begun by striding along as if he wanted to get things done
fast. adverb clause)
‘Adverb clauses, like adverbs, can modify the verb and express many ideas.
The main ones are of time, place, manner, purpose, concession,
‘comparison, reason and condition.
After rubbing his palms to warm them up, Jawaharlal wrapped
alength of rope around his waist and was ready tomove.
We have to climb where the roadis very dificult and steep.
‘Then the soaring peaks topped with pale snow began toglitterin the
{golden rays of the sun like the marble of the Taj Mahal.
Ifanyone fellin there, no one would be able to see him again.
Fillinthe blanks with the correct options:
1. Unless you build up your stamina, you be a good
sportsperson.
a.wouldnot I b. will D cwitnot =
2. _ Even if you have only moderate abilities, hard work
fork
a.willmakeup D b.wouldmakeup fill c.wihavemadeup fill
3. Unless you the book, you will not enjoy the movi
basedonit.
a.willhaveread [ll] bread Mi cwouldread D
SS
In your own words, describe how Nehru was pulled back up to the
ground.
6. Nehru and the others had to leave their expedition half way. Why?
Carefully read the text again and list all the reasons you think are
probable.
GRAMMAR CORNER
+ AdverbClauses
‘An adverb clause fulfils the same function as that of an adverb. It usually
follows or precedes the main clause.
Jawaharlal had begun by striding along briskly... adverb)
Jawaharlal had begun by striding along as if he wanted to get things done
fast. adverb clause)
‘Adverb clauses, like adverbs, can modify the verb and express many ideas.
The main ones are of time, place, manner, purpose, concession,
‘comparison, reason and condition.
After rubbing his palms to warm them up, Jawaharlal wrapped
alength of rope around his waist and was ready tomove.
We have to climb where the roadis very dificult and steep.
‘Then the soaring peaks topped with pale snow began toglitterin the
{golden rays of the sun like the marble of the Taj Mahal.
Ifanyone fellin there, no one would be able to see him again.
Fillinthe blanks with the correct options:
1. Unless you build up your stamina, you be a good
sportsperson.
a.wouldnot I b. will D cwitnot =
2. _ Even if you have only moderate abilities, hard work
fork
a.willmakeup D b.wouldmakeup fill c.wihavemadeup fill
3. Unless you the book, you will not enjoy the movi
basedonit.
a.willhaveread [ll] bread Mi cwouldread D
SS
Match the main clauses with the adverb clauses. Rewrite the complete
sentences:
MAIN CLAUSES ADVERB CLAUSES
1. Sonam Thapawentto China a. because her grandparents
aresettled there.
2. ShestudiedsomebasicChinese | b. even though she hadn't been
there before,
3. Shewill perhapsgotobackto | c. beforethinkingofworkingin
China China.
d.. sothat she could work there.
e. even though her parents are
in Nepal.
£ so that she could teach
English to Chinese children.
Sonam Thapa went to China so that she could work there.
H. Use your imagination and rewrite these sentences using both if and
unless:
1. Wemustlead ahealthylfestyle.
If we don't lead a healthy lifestyle, we might face serious health
problems later in if. Unless we lead a healthy lifestyle, we will face
major health problems later in life.
2. Wemustworktogethertosolve our environmental problems.
3. One ought tostop dumping wastein the Himalayas,
4, Youmustpayattentioninclass
5. Wemustobeytrafficrules.
Writing Skills
Here are some pictures that illustrate the challenge of the Himalayas.
Write an essay titled THE CHALLENGE OF THE HIMALAYAS. Describe the
three pictures and elaborate on them to get ideas for the introduction,
body and conclusion of the essay
BEFORE DURING AFTER
sentences:
MAIN CLAUSES ADVERB CLAUSES
1. Sonam Thapawentto China a. because her grandparents
aresettled there.
2. ShestudiedsomebasicChinese | b. even though she hadn't been
there before,
3. Shewill perhapsgotobackto | c. beforethinkingofworkingin
China China.
d.. sothat she could work there.
e. even though her parents are
in Nepal.
£ so that she could teach
English to Chinese children.
Sonam Thapa went to China so that she could work there.
H. Use your imagination and rewrite these sentences using both if and
unless:
1. Wemustlead ahealthylfestyle.
If we don't lead a healthy lifestyle, we might face serious health
problems later in if. Unless we lead a healthy lifestyle, we will face
major health problems later in life.
2. Wemustworktogethertosolve our environmental problems.
3. One ought tostop dumping wastein the Himalayas,
4, Youmustpayattentioninclass
5. Wemustobeytrafficrules.
Writing Skills
Here are some pictures that illustrate the challenge of the Himalayas.
Write an essay titled THE CHALLENGE OF THE HIMALAYAS. Describe the
three pictures and elaborate on them to get ideas for the introduction,
body and conclusion of the essay
BEFORE DURING AFTER
33
* An Uncomfortable Bed
‘One autumn I went to spend some time with some friends in a chateau in Picardy. My friends
were fond of practical jokes. I donot care to know people who are not.
When | arrived, they gave me a princely reception, which at once awakened suspicion in my
mind. They embraced me, made much of me, as if they expected to have great fun at my
expense,
Isaidto myself:
“Look out! They have something in store for you.”
During the dinner the mirth was excessive, exaggerated, in fact. I thought.
"Here are people who have more than their share of amusement, and
apparently without reason. They must have planned some good joke.
Assuredly Lam to be the victim of thejoke. Attention!"
During the entire evening everyone laughed in an exaggerated
fashion. I scented a practical joke in the air, as a dog scents game.
But what was it? I was watchful, restless. I did not let a word, ora
meaning, or a gesture escape me. Everyone seemed to me an
object of suspicion, and I even looked distrustfully at the
faced of the servants. The hour struck for retiring; and the
whole household came to escort me to my room. Why?
They called to me : “Good-night.” I entered the
apartment, shut the door, and remained standing, without
‘moving asingle step, holding the wax candlein my hand.
Theard laughter and whispering in the corridor. Without doubt
they were spying on me. I cast a glance round the walls, the
furniture, the ceiling, the hangings, the floor. I saw nothing to justify suspicion. I heard
persons moving about outside my door. I had no doubt they were looking through the
keyhole.
‘An idea came into my head : “My candle may suddenly go out and leave mein.
Bs
kn
* An Uncomfortable Bed
‘One autumn I went to spend some time with some friends in a chateau in Picardy. My friends
were fond of practical jokes. I donot care to know people who are not.
When | arrived, they gave me a princely reception, which at once awakened suspicion in my
mind. They embraced me, made much of me, as if they expected to have great fun at my
expense,
Isaidto myself:
“Look out! They have something in store for you.”
During the dinner the mirth was excessive, exaggerated, in fact. I thought.
"Here are people who have more than their share of amusement, and
apparently without reason. They must have planned some good joke.
Assuredly Lam to be the victim of thejoke. Attention!"
During the entire evening everyone laughed in an exaggerated
fashion. I scented a practical joke in the air, as a dog scents game.
But what was it? I was watchful, restless. I did not let a word, ora
meaning, or a gesture escape me. Everyone seemed to me an
object of suspicion, and I even looked distrustfully at the
faced of the servants. The hour struck for retiring; and the
whole household came to escort me to my room. Why?
They called to me : “Good-night.” I entered the
apartment, shut the door, and remained standing, without
‘moving asingle step, holding the wax candlein my hand.
Theard laughter and whispering in the corridor. Without doubt
they were spying on me. I cast a glance round the walls, the
furniture, the ceiling, the hangings, the floor. I saw nothing to justify suspicion. I heard
persons moving about outside my door. I had no doubt they were looking through the
keyhole.
‘An idea came into my head : “My candle may suddenly go out and leave mein.
Bs
kn
‘Then I went across to the mantelpiece and lighted all the wax candles that were on it. After
that I cast another glance around me without discovering anything. I advanced with short
steps, carefully examining the apartment. Nothing. I inspected every article, one after the
other. Still nothing. I went over to the window. The shutters, large wooden shutters, were
‘open. | shut them with great care, and then drew the curtains, enormous velvet curtains, and
placed a chairin front of them, so as to have nothing to fear from outside.
Then I cautiously sat down. The armchair was solid. I did not venture to get into the bed.
However, the night was advancing; and I ended by coming to the conclusion that I was
foolish. If they were spyng on me, as I supposed, they must, while waiting for the success of
the joke they had been preparing for me, have been laughing immoderately at my terror. So 1
made up my mind to go to bed. But the bed was particularly suspicious-looking. I pulled at
the curtains. They seemed to be secure.
All the same, there was danger. I was going perhaps to receive a cold
shower both from overhead, or perhaps, the moment I stretched
‘myself out, to find myselfsinking to the floor with my mattress. 1
searched in my memory for all the practical jokes of which I
ever had experience. And I did not want to be caught. Ah!
Certainly not! Certainly not! Then I suddenly thought
myself of a precaution which 1 considered insured
safety. 1 caught hold of the side of the mattress
gingerly, and very slowly drew it toward me. It came
away, followed by the sheet and the rest of the
bedclothes. I dragged all these objects into the very
middle of the room, facing the entrance door. I made
my bed over again as best I could at some distance
from the suspected bedstead and the commer which
had filled me with such anxiety. Then I extinguished
all the candles, and, groping my way, I slipped under
the bed clothes.
For at least another hour I remained awake, starting at the
slightest sound, Everything seemed quiet in the chateau. [fell asleep.
1 must have been in a deep sleep for a long time, but all of a sudden I was awakened with a
start by the fall of a heavy body tumbling right on top of my own, and, at the same time, I
received on my face, on my neck, and on my chest a burning liquid which made me utter a
how! of pain. And a dreadful noise, as if a sideboard laden with plates and dishes had fallen
down, almost deafened me.
Iwas smothering beneath the weight that was crushing me and preventing me from moving. I
stretched out my hand to find out what was the nature of this object. I felt face, a nose, and
Re
that I cast another glance around me without discovering anything. I advanced with short
steps, carefully examining the apartment. Nothing. I inspected every article, one after the
other. Still nothing. I went over to the window. The shutters, large wooden shutters, were
‘open. | shut them with great care, and then drew the curtains, enormous velvet curtains, and
placed a chairin front of them, so as to have nothing to fear from outside.
Then I cautiously sat down. The armchair was solid. I did not venture to get into the bed.
However, the night was advancing; and I ended by coming to the conclusion that I was
foolish. If they were spyng on me, as I supposed, they must, while waiting for the success of
the joke they had been preparing for me, have been laughing immoderately at my terror. So 1
made up my mind to go to bed. But the bed was particularly suspicious-looking. I pulled at
the curtains. They seemed to be secure.
All the same, there was danger. I was going perhaps to receive a cold
shower both from overhead, or perhaps, the moment I stretched
‘myself out, to find myselfsinking to the floor with my mattress. 1
searched in my memory for all the practical jokes of which I
ever had experience. And I did not want to be caught. Ah!
Certainly not! Certainly not! Then I suddenly thought
myself of a precaution which 1 considered insured
safety. 1 caught hold of the side of the mattress
gingerly, and very slowly drew it toward me. It came
away, followed by the sheet and the rest of the
bedclothes. I dragged all these objects into the very
middle of the room, facing the entrance door. I made
my bed over again as best I could at some distance
from the suspected bedstead and the commer which
had filled me with such anxiety. Then I extinguished
all the candles, and, groping my way, I slipped under
the bed clothes.
For at least another hour I remained awake, starting at the
slightest sound, Everything seemed quiet in the chateau. [fell asleep.
1 must have been in a deep sleep for a long time, but all of a sudden I was awakened with a
start by the fall of a heavy body tumbling right on top of my own, and, at the same time, I
received on my face, on my neck, and on my chest a burning liquid which made me utter a
how! of pain. And a dreadful noise, as if a sideboard laden with plates and dishes had fallen
down, almost deafened me.
Iwas smothering beneath the weight that was crushing me and preventing me from moving. I
stretched out my hand to find out what was the nature of this object. I felt face, a nose, and
Re
whiskers. Then, with all my strength, | launched out a blow at this face. But I immediately
received a hail of cuffings which made me jump straight out of the soaked sheets, and rush in
‘my nightshirt into the corridor, the door of whi
ich found open.
Oh, heavens! It was broad daylight. The noise brought my friends hurrying into my
apartment, and we found, sprawling over my improvised bed, the dismayed valet, who,
while bringing me my morning cup of tea, had tripped over this obstacle in the middle of the
floorand fallen on his stomach, spilling my breakfast over my face in spite of himself.
‘The precautions I had taken in closing the shutters and going to sleep in the middle of the
room had only brought about the practical joke I had been trying to avoid.
‘Oh, how they all laughed that day!
FR % Word Meaning
chateau + lange, luxurious French
country house
princelyreception : grandweleome
mirthwasexcessive : laughter was more than
necessary
singerly 3 1 you do something
singer, you do it in a
careful hesitant manner
Comprehension
smothering
ahallofeuffings
improvised bed
dismayed valet
A. Tick (V7) the best options tofillin the blanks:
of practical jokes.
1. Thenarratorwas
a. fond
b. scared
2. The narrator
M cire
M a. disapproving
suffocating
à lot of continuous strikes and
blows
bed created with whatever was
available, without planning.
distressed attendant, person
responsible for one's personal
needs
that his friends were looking
through thekeyhole.
a. wasaware
b. suspected
Tc wascominced
DM a. wasn'teertain
3. Thenarrator quickly lit the other candles ashe:
a. wanted more lightin theroom,
Re .
received a hail of cuffings which made me jump straight out of the soaked sheets, and rush in
‘my nightshirt into the corridor, the door of whi
ich found open.
Oh, heavens! It was broad daylight. The noise brought my friends hurrying into my
apartment, and we found, sprawling over my improvised bed, the dismayed valet, who,
while bringing me my morning cup of tea, had tripped over this obstacle in the middle of the
floorand fallen on his stomach, spilling my breakfast over my face in spite of himself.
‘The precautions I had taken in closing the shutters and going to sleep in the middle of the
room had only brought about the practical joke I had been trying to avoid.
‘Oh, how they all laughed that day!
FR % Word Meaning
chateau + lange, luxurious French
country house
princelyreception : grandweleome
mirthwasexcessive : laughter was more than
necessary
singerly 3 1 you do something
singer, you do it in a
careful hesitant manner
Comprehension
smothering
ahallofeuffings
improvised bed
dismayed valet
A. Tick (V7) the best options tofillin the blanks:
of practical jokes.
1. Thenarratorwas
a. fond
b. scared
2. The narrator
M cire
M a. disapproving
suffocating
à lot of continuous strikes and
blows
bed created with whatever was
available, without planning.
distressed attendant, person
responsible for one's personal
needs
that his friends were looking
through thekeyhole.
a. wasaware
b. suspected
Tc wascominced
DM a. wasn'teertain
3. Thenarrator quickly lit the other candles ashe:
a. wanted more lightin theroom,
Re .
b. wasafraid of the dark.
e. suspectedthathis only candle would blowout.
d. wantedtoinspecttheroom.
4. Hedragged the mattresstothe floor because he:
a. was suspicious of the bedstead.
b. found the bed uncomfortable.
knew nothing could harm him on the floor.
d. wantedtoinspectthe bed.
5. Thevalet tripped over the narrator ashe
a. falledtosee the mattress on thefloor.
b. stumbled andslipped onthe floor.
€. could not carry the weight of the heavy tray.
d._wasa part ofthe narrator's friends plan.
B. — Answerthese questions:
1. “Lookout! They havesomethinginstoreforyou”
a. Identify the speakerand'they".
b. Whatdid the speaker think they hadin store for him?
€. Whydidhethinkso?
2. In your own words, describe dinner time at the chateau and how it
aroused suspicion in the narrator.
3. Whathappened when thenarrator decided to go to bed?
4. What pranks did the narrator predict? Describe the measures he took
toavoidthem.
5. Howwasthenarratorwoken up?
6. Didtheprecautionshelpthenarrator?
7. Thenarrator brought the joke on himself. Do you agree? Why?
8. Do you think the narrator was well-experienced with practical jokes?
Justify your answer
Vocabulary
Y
TU © Pick out suitable phrases from the story and write them against their
meanings:
a
e. suspectedthathis only candle would blowout.
d. wantedtoinspecttheroom.
4. Hedragged the mattresstothe floor because he:
a. was suspicious of the bedstead.
b. found the bed uncomfortable.
knew nothing could harm him on the floor.
d. wantedtoinspectthe bed.
5. Thevalet tripped over the narrator ashe
a. falledtosee the mattress on thefloor.
b. stumbled andslipped onthe floor.
€. could not carry the weight of the heavy tray.
d._wasa part ofthe narrator's friends plan.
B. — Answerthese questions:
1. “Lookout! They havesomethinginstoreforyou”
a. Identify the speakerand'they".
b. Whatdid the speaker think they hadin store for him?
€. Whydidhethinkso?
2. In your own words, describe dinner time at the chateau and how it
aroused suspicion in the narrator.
3. Whathappened when thenarrator decided to go to bed?
4. What pranks did the narrator predict? Describe the measures he took
toavoidthem.
5. Howwasthenarratorwoken up?
6. Didtheprecautionshelpthenarrator?
7. Thenarrator brought the joke on himself. Do you agree? Why?
8. Do you think the narrator was well-experienced with practical jokes?
Justify your answer
Vocabulary
Y
TU © Pick out suitable phrases from the story and write them against their
meanings:
a
PHRASE MEANING
tobewelcomed grandly
tofussoversomeone
tolaughat someone's discomfort
tointend something forsomeone
tofeel one's way blindly
toreacttoeverysound
to do something that one does not
wantto do
D. _ Collocationsare words that are often used together:
Only one of these collocations is correct. Can you identify which one? Take
help fromthe story.
broaddaylight = wide dayling
Identify the correct collocation in each pair:
1. fullyaware 4. brightidea
thoroughly aware lightidea —
2. completely asleep 5. talkfreely ze
soundasleep —__ talkfluidly
3. giveattention 6. shortglimpse ___
payattention briefglimpse ___
Grammar Corner
Prepositional Phrases and Conjunctions
A prepositional phrase consists of a preposition and its object which is
usually anoun ora noun group.
at my expense, in my hand, through the keyhole, to the window
A prepositional phrase is used to indicate place, position, direction, time,
‘manner, purpose, etc.
‘The noise brought my friends hurrying into my apartment, and we found,
sprawling over my improvised bed, the dismayed valet, who, while bringing,
me my morning cup of tea, had tripped over this obstacle / in the middle / of
the floor and fallen on his stomach, spilling my breakfast over my face in
spite of himself.
tobewelcomed grandly
tofussoversomeone
tolaughat someone's discomfort
tointend something forsomeone
tofeel one's way blindly
toreacttoeverysound
to do something that one does not
wantto do
D. _ Collocationsare words that are often used together:
Only one of these collocations is correct. Can you identify which one? Take
help fromthe story.
broaddaylight = wide dayling
Identify the correct collocation in each pair:
1. fullyaware 4. brightidea
thoroughly aware lightidea —
2. completely asleep 5. talkfreely ze
soundasleep —__ talkfluidly
3. giveattention 6. shortglimpse ___
payattention briefglimpse ___
Grammar Corner
Prepositional Phrases and Conjunctions
A prepositional phrase consists of a preposition and its object which is
usually anoun ora noun group.
at my expense, in my hand, through the keyhole, to the window
A prepositional phrase is used to indicate place, position, direction, time,
‘manner, purpose, etc.
‘The noise brought my friends hurrying into my apartment, and we found,
sprawling over my improvised bed, the dismayed valet, who, while bringing,
me my morning cup of tea, had tripped over this obstacle / in the middle / of
the floor and fallen on his stomach, spilling my breakfast over my face in
spite of himself.
d
y
‘Complete these sentences with prepositional phrases as instructed in the
brackets:
1. Should wemake plans topay visit. (eiveaplace)
2._ The Famous Five kids came across a gigantic tower
(giveatime)
3. “Youthinkthereis aghost. 7 Andyasked. (give a place)
4, Grandfather was looking for some old papers (give a
purpose)
5. lam sure this misunderstanding will be forgotten (give:
atime)
Fillinthe blanks with the correct conjunctions:
1. The logo, called Google Doodle, is exciting for some
(although/after/as) its a special way to celebrate holidays
{and/but/for) the lives of famous artists, scientists, etc.
2. Have you noticed the decorative changes made to the Google logo
{because/while/in order to) celebrate these special
occasions?
3 (Whether/If/Before) itis the beginning of spring
(but/and/or) Albert Einstein's birthday, the doddle
team continuously finds artistic ways to celebrate these unique
events,
4. Do you think the Google homepage was fun
(since/before/while) the Google Doodles were created?
5 (Since/Because/Whatever) the reason, for the
talented designers of Google, creating doodles has become a team
effort tobring smiles to Google users worldwide.
(Although/Unless/When) Internet users first opened
Google on 1 November 2011, his was the first sight that greeted them.
Writing Skills
6
Certain events or experiences in life mean a lot to you. Often there are
some objects or gifts that you want to hold on to. Write an article for your
school magazine about one such event or experience. Use these tips:
+ Think ofa catchy headline for your article.
+ Write an outline, answering questions such as What, Where and Who.
+ Writea lively opening sentence.
y
‘Complete these sentences with prepositional phrases as instructed in the
brackets:
1. Should wemake plans topay visit. (eiveaplace)
2._ The Famous Five kids came across a gigantic tower
(giveatime)
3. “Youthinkthereis aghost. 7 Andyasked. (give a place)
4, Grandfather was looking for some old papers (give a
purpose)
5. lam sure this misunderstanding will be forgotten (give:
atime)
Fillinthe blanks with the correct conjunctions:
1. The logo, called Google Doodle, is exciting for some
(although/after/as) its a special way to celebrate holidays
{and/but/for) the lives of famous artists, scientists, etc.
2. Have you noticed the decorative changes made to the Google logo
{because/while/in order to) celebrate these special
occasions?
3 (Whether/If/Before) itis the beginning of spring
(but/and/or) Albert Einstein's birthday, the doddle
team continuously finds artistic ways to celebrate these unique
events,
4. Do you think the Google homepage was fun
(since/before/while) the Google Doodles were created?
5 (Since/Because/Whatever) the reason, for the
talented designers of Google, creating doodles has become a team
effort tobring smiles to Google users worldwide.
(Although/Unless/When) Internet users first opened
Google on 1 November 2011, his was the first sight that greeted them.
Writing Skills
6
Certain events or experiences in life mean a lot to you. Often there are
some objects or gifts that you want to hold on to. Write an article for your
school magazine about one such event or experience. Use these tips:
+ Think ofa catchy headline for your article.
+ Write an outline, answering questions such as What, Where and Who.
+ Writea lively opening sentence.
ay
Model Test Paper - I
Fillin the blanks with the opposites of underlined words:
1. Myjobisnotsimilarto that of Kapil; It's quite.
2. Ihaveexperienced peacefulas wellas. daysinmy life
3. 'mawareofallyour doings; there isnothing!'m of.
4. Betrayaland can'tgo together. You can be either faithful or unfaithful.
Match these phrases with their meanings:
fromscratch a. surprised
2. digheelsin b. bepatient
3. takenaback €. totakearisk
4. holdyourhorses d. tobestubborn
5. tostickyourneckout e. fromthebeginning
Fillin the blanks with the correct optio
1. Unless you buildup yourstamina, you be a good sportsperson.
a.wouldnot fill b. will EZ cwilinot a
2. Evenifyouhave only moderate abilities, hard work forit
a.willmakeup [ll b.wouldmakeup D c.willhavemadeup =
3. Unlessyou the book, you will not enjoy the movie basedonit.
a.willhaveread D bread I cwouldread a
Identify the correct collocation in each pair:
1. fulyaware 3. brightides
thoroughiyaware lightidea
2. completelyasleep 4. talkfreely
soundasieep talkfluidly
‘Answer the following questions:
1. What can strength be won by?
Why should we nothate our brothers?
Why did the porter'snosestart bleeding?
How did Nehru fall? What saved his life?
Didthe precautionshelp thenarrator?
5
Model Test Paper - I
Fillin the blanks with the opposites of underlined words:
1. Myjobisnotsimilarto that of Kapil; It's quite.
2. Ihaveexperienced peacefulas wellas. daysinmy life
3. 'mawareofallyour doings; there isnothing!'m of.
4. Betrayaland can'tgo together. You can be either faithful or unfaithful.
Match these phrases with their meanings:
fromscratch a. surprised
2. digheelsin b. bepatient
3. takenaback €. totakearisk
4. holdyourhorses d. tobestubborn
5. tostickyourneckout e. fromthebeginning
Fillin the blanks with the correct optio
1. Unless you buildup yourstamina, you be a good sportsperson.
a.wouldnot fill b. will EZ cwilinot a
2. Evenifyouhave only moderate abilities, hard work forit
a.willmakeup [ll b.wouldmakeup D c.willhavemadeup =
3. Unlessyou the book, you will not enjoy the movie basedonit.
a.willhaveread D bread I cwouldread a
Identify the correct collocation in each pair:
1. fulyaware 3. brightides
thoroughiyaware lightidea
2. completelyasleep 4. talkfreely
soundasieep talkfluidly
‘Answer the following questions:
1. What can strength be won by?
Why should we nothate our brothers?
Why did the porter'snosestart bleeding?
How did Nehru fall? What saved his life?
Didthe precautionshelp thenarrator?
5
Koki and her grandmother were sitting on a string cot in the shade of an old jackfruittree, and
Grandmother was talking about her father and his great love for trees and flowers.
Grandmother said, “I was never able to get over the feeling that plants and trees loved my
father with as much tenderness as he loved them. I was sitting beside him on the verandah
steps one morning, when I noticed the tendril of a creeping vine that was trailing near my
feet. As we sat there in the soft winter sunshine, I saw the tendril moving very slowly away
from me and towards my father. Twenty minutes later it had crossed the verandah steps and
was touching my father’s feet.”
“This is probably a scientific explanation for the plants behaviour — something to do with
lightand warmth— but like to think that it moved simply because it was fond of my father.”
“One felt like drawing close to him. Sometimes when I sat alone beneatha tree 1 would feel a
litle lonely or lost. But as soon as my father joined me, the garden would become a happy
place, the tree itself would become more friendly.
“Your great-grandfather had served many years in the Indian Forest Service and so it was
natural that he should know, understand and like trees. On his retirement, he built this
bungalow on the outskirts of the town, planting the trees that you see around it now : limes,
mangoes, oranges and guavas; also jacaranda and laburnum and the Persian lilac. In our
valley, given the chance, plants and trees grow tall and strong,”
“Ofcourse there had been other trees here before the house was built, including an old peepal
which had forced its way through the walls of an old, abandoned temple, knocking the brick
down with its vigorous growth. Pecpal trees are great show-ofls. Even when there is no
breeze, their broad-chested, slim-waisted leaves will spin like tops, determined to attract
‘your attention and invite you into the shade.”
“What happened to the temple?” asked Koki
“Well, my mother wanted the peepal tree cut down, but my father said he would save both the
Pa
Grandmother was talking about her father and his great love for trees and flowers.
Grandmother said, “I was never able to get over the feeling that plants and trees loved my
father with as much tenderness as he loved them. I was sitting beside him on the verandah
steps one morning, when I noticed the tendril of a creeping vine that was trailing near my
feet. As we sat there in the soft winter sunshine, I saw the tendril moving very slowly away
from me and towards my father. Twenty minutes later it had crossed the verandah steps and
was touching my father’s feet.”
“This is probably a scientific explanation for the plants behaviour — something to do with
lightand warmth— but like to think that it moved simply because it was fond of my father.”
“One felt like drawing close to him. Sometimes when I sat alone beneatha tree 1 would feel a
litle lonely or lost. But as soon as my father joined me, the garden would become a happy
place, the tree itself would become more friendly.
“Your great-grandfather had served many years in the Indian Forest Service and so it was
natural that he should know, understand and like trees. On his retirement, he built this
bungalow on the outskirts of the town, planting the trees that you see around it now : limes,
mangoes, oranges and guavas; also jacaranda and laburnum and the Persian lilac. In our
valley, given the chance, plants and trees grow tall and strong,”
“Ofcourse there had been other trees here before the house was built, including an old peepal
which had forced its way through the walls of an old, abandoned temple, knocking the brick
down with its vigorous growth. Pecpal trees are great show-ofls. Even when there is no
breeze, their broad-chested, slim-waisted leaves will spin like tops, determined to attract
‘your attention and invite you into the shade.”
“What happened to the temple?” asked Koki
“Well, my mother wanted the peepal tree cut down, but my father said he would save both the
Pa
tree and the temple. So he rebuilt the temple around the tree, and there its, on the other side
of the wall. The tree protects the temple, and the temple protects the tree. People from these
parts feel there's a friendly tree spirit dwelling there, and they bring offering of flowers and
leave them at the base of the tree.”
“Did you know that | used to climb trees when I was a girl? This jackfruit was my favourite
tree, its quite easy to climb. You can climb it too, can't you!
“Another good tree was the banyan behind the house. Its spreading branches, which hung to
the ground and took root again, formed a number of twisting passageways. The tree was
‘older than the house, older than my grandparents. I could hide in ts branches, behind a screen
ofthick green leaves, and spy on the world below.”
“Yes, the banyan tree was a world in itself, populated with small animals and large insects.
While the leaves were still pink and tender, they would be visited by the delicate map
butterfly, who left her eggs to their care.”
“The “honey” on the leaves —a sweet, sticky smear—
also attracted the little striped squirrels,
who soon grew used to having me in the
tree. They became quite bold, accepting
food from my hand.”
“At night the tree was visited by the hawk-
‘cuckoo, its shrill nagging cry kept us awake on
hot summer nights. We call the bird papiha, which
‘means ‘rain is coming’! But, Father said that
according to Englishmen living in India, it seemed
to be shouting up and up the scale: “Oh dear, oh
dear! How very hotit's getting! We fee!
feelit... wefeclit...!
“Well, the banyan has long since gone. It ¿7
came down in a storm, aerial roots and all.
Father planted another, but as you can see,
ll quite a young tree. The banyan takes a
Jong timeto grow.”
“Your great-grandfather wasn't content with planting trees in the
garden or near the house. During the monsoons he would walk into the
scrubland and beyond the river bed, armed with cuttings and saplings and he would plant
themout there, hoping tocreatea forest. But grazing cattle always finished them off.”
“No oneever goes there,” I said. “Who will see your forest?”
TA
of the wall. The tree protects the temple, and the temple protects the tree. People from these
parts feel there's a friendly tree spirit dwelling there, and they bring offering of flowers and
leave them at the base of the tree.”
“Did you know that | used to climb trees when I was a girl? This jackfruit was my favourite
tree, its quite easy to climb. You can climb it too, can't you!
“Another good tree was the banyan behind the house. Its spreading branches, which hung to
the ground and took root again, formed a number of twisting passageways. The tree was
‘older than the house, older than my grandparents. I could hide in ts branches, behind a screen
ofthick green leaves, and spy on the world below.”
“Yes, the banyan tree was a world in itself, populated with small animals and large insects.
While the leaves were still pink and tender, they would be visited by the delicate map
butterfly, who left her eggs to their care.”
“The “honey” on the leaves —a sweet, sticky smear—
also attracted the little striped squirrels,
who soon grew used to having me in the
tree. They became quite bold, accepting
food from my hand.”
“At night the tree was visited by the hawk-
‘cuckoo, its shrill nagging cry kept us awake on
hot summer nights. We call the bird papiha, which
‘means ‘rain is coming’! But, Father said that
according to Englishmen living in India, it seemed
to be shouting up and up the scale: “Oh dear, oh
dear! How very hotit's getting! We fee!
feelit... wefeclit...!
“Well, the banyan has long since gone. It ¿7
came down in a storm, aerial roots and all.
Father planted another, but as you can see,
ll quite a young tree. The banyan takes a
Jong timeto grow.”
“Your great-grandfather wasn't content with planting trees in the
garden or near the house. During the monsoons he would walk into the
scrubland and beyond the river bed, armed with cuttings and saplings and he would plant
themout there, hoping tocreatea forest. But grazing cattle always finished them off.”
“No oneever goes there,” I said. “Who will see your forest?”
TA
“We are not planting it for people to see,” said my father. “We are planting it for the earth
and forthe birds and animals who live on itand need more food and shelte
“Father told me why mankind, and not only wild creatures, need trees — for keeping the
desert away, for attracting rain, for preventing the banks of rivers from being washed away.
But everywhere people are cutting down trees without planting new one tuming the earth
into a great desert!”
“The thought of a world without trees became a sort of nightmare for me. It's one reason why
Ishall never wantto live ona treeless moon!
“Thelped my father in his tree-planting with even greater enthusiasm.”
“One day the trees will move again,” he said. “They have been standing still for thousands of
years, but one day they will move again. There was a time when trees could walk about like
people. Then along came a terrible demon and cast a spell over them, rooting them to one
place. But they are always trying to move - see how they reach out with their arms!”
“On one of our walks along the river bank about a mile upstream from here, we found an
island, a small rocky island in the middle of the river bed. You know what this river bed is like
dry during summers but flooded during the monsoons. A young tamarind tree was growing
in the middle of the island, and my father said, “If a tamarind can grow here, so can other
trees.”
“Assoonas the monsoon arrived and while the river could still be crossed we set out with
a number of mango, laburnum, hibiscus and coral tree saplings and cuttings, and spent the
better part of a day planting them on the little island. We made one more
visit to the island before the monsoon finally set in. Most of
the plants looked quite healthy.”
“The monsoon season is the best time for rambling,
about. At every turn there is something new to see.
Out of the earth and rock and leafless bough, the
magic touch of the summer rain brings forth new
life and vendure. You can almost sec the broad —
leaved vines growing. Plants spring up in the most
unlikely of places. A peepal took root on the roof; a
‘mango sprouted on the windowsill, My father and I
did not want to remove them. But they had to go if
the house was to be prevented from falling
down!”
“Ifyou too want to live in a tree, that’s all right
by me,” said my mother. “But like having a roof
‘over my head, and I'm not going to have it brought
TA
and forthe birds and animals who live on itand need more food and shelte
“Father told me why mankind, and not only wild creatures, need trees — for keeping the
desert away, for attracting rain, for preventing the banks of rivers from being washed away.
But everywhere people are cutting down trees without planting new one tuming the earth
into a great desert!”
“The thought of a world without trees became a sort of nightmare for me. It's one reason why
Ishall never wantto live ona treeless moon!
“Thelped my father in his tree-planting with even greater enthusiasm.”
“One day the trees will move again,” he said. “They have been standing still for thousands of
years, but one day they will move again. There was a time when trees could walk about like
people. Then along came a terrible demon and cast a spell over them, rooting them to one
place. But they are always trying to move - see how they reach out with their arms!”
“On one of our walks along the river bank about a mile upstream from here, we found an
island, a small rocky island in the middle of the river bed. You know what this river bed is like
dry during summers but flooded during the monsoons. A young tamarind tree was growing
in the middle of the island, and my father said, “If a tamarind can grow here, so can other
trees.”
“Assoonas the monsoon arrived and while the river could still be crossed we set out with
a number of mango, laburnum, hibiscus and coral tree saplings and cuttings, and spent the
better part of a day planting them on the little island. We made one more
visit to the island before the monsoon finally set in. Most of
the plants looked quite healthy.”
“The monsoon season is the best time for rambling,
about. At every turn there is something new to see.
Out of the earth and rock and leafless bough, the
magic touch of the summer rain brings forth new
life and vendure. You can almost sec the broad —
leaved vines growing. Plants spring up in the most
unlikely of places. A peepal took root on the roof; a
‘mango sprouted on the windowsill, My father and I
did not want to remove them. But they had to go if
the house was to be prevented from falling
down!”
“Ifyou too want to live in a tree, that’s all right
by me,” said my mother. “But like having a roof
‘over my head, and I'm not going to have it brought
TA
down by a handing forest. Already I can see roots breaking in
through the ceiling!”
“The visiting trees were carefully removed and
transplanted in the garden, Wherever we came indoors
from our gardening and sat down to a meal, a ladybird
ora caterpillar would invariably walk off our sleeves
and wander about the kitchen, much to mother's
annoyance.”
“There were flowers in the garden, too; my mother
loved fragrant flowers, like roses and sweet peas and
jasmine and queen of the night. But my father and I
found trees more exciting. They kept growing and
changing and attracting birds and other visitors.
“The banyan tree really came to life during the
‘monsoon. The branches were tick with scarlet figs. We
couldn't eat the berries, but the many birds that gathered
in the tree — gossipy rosy-pastors, quarrelsome mynas,
cheerful bulbuls and coppersmiths, and sometimes a noise,
bullying crow - would feast on them. And when night fell and the birds
‘were resting, the dark flying foxes flapped heavily about the tree, chewing and munching
loudly as they clambered over the branches.”
“The tree crickets were a band of willing artists who would start singing at almost any time
of the day. At the height of the monsoon, the banyan tree was like an orchestra with the
‘musicians constantly tuning up. A small flute in my hand, I would add my shrill piping to that
of. the crickets and cicadas. But they must have thought poorly of my piping because
whenever I played, the insects fell silent!
“When I grew up, I was married and went to live with your grandfather in Bombay. We were
there for many years, and I could only visit my parents here once or twice inall the time. Ihad
no brothers, so, when my parents died they left the house to me. It will be yours one day.
Would you rather live here or in heat poky little house in the town?”
“Here,” said Koki. “But only if you are here too, Granny,”
“The trees will be here,” said Granny.
“And what about the island?” asked Koki. “The trees you planted with your father —are they
still there?”
“You can see them for yourself if you feel like a walk, But I'll tell you what I found when I
came to live here again after twenty years or more. | walked out ofthe old house and took the
same path that my father and I used to take during our walks.”
as
through the ceiling!”
“The visiting trees were carefully removed and
transplanted in the garden, Wherever we came indoors
from our gardening and sat down to a meal, a ladybird
ora caterpillar would invariably walk off our sleeves
and wander about the kitchen, much to mother's
annoyance.”
“There were flowers in the garden, too; my mother
loved fragrant flowers, like roses and sweet peas and
jasmine and queen of the night. But my father and I
found trees more exciting. They kept growing and
changing and attracting birds and other visitors.
“The banyan tree really came to life during the
‘monsoon. The branches were tick with scarlet figs. We
couldn't eat the berries, but the many birds that gathered
in the tree — gossipy rosy-pastors, quarrelsome mynas,
cheerful bulbuls and coppersmiths, and sometimes a noise,
bullying crow - would feast on them. And when night fell and the birds
‘were resting, the dark flying foxes flapped heavily about the tree, chewing and munching
loudly as they clambered over the branches.”
“The tree crickets were a band of willing artists who would start singing at almost any time
of the day. At the height of the monsoon, the banyan tree was like an orchestra with the
‘musicians constantly tuning up. A small flute in my hand, I would add my shrill piping to that
of. the crickets and cicadas. But they must have thought poorly of my piping because
whenever I played, the insects fell silent!
“When I grew up, I was married and went to live with your grandfather in Bombay. We were
there for many years, and I could only visit my parents here once or twice inall the time. Ihad
no brothers, so, when my parents died they left the house to me. It will be yours one day.
Would you rather live here or in heat poky little house in the town?”
“Here,” said Koki. “But only if you are here too, Granny,”
“The trees will be here,” said Granny.
“And what about the island?” asked Koki. “The trees you planted with your father —are they
still there?”
“You can see them for yourself if you feel like a walk, But I'll tell you what I found when I
came to live here again after twenty years or more. | walked out ofthe old house and took the
same path that my father and I used to take during our walks.”
as
“It was February, 1 remember, and as I looked across the dry riverbed, my eye was
immediately caught by the spectacular red plumes of the coral blossom. In contrast to the dry
riverbed, the island was a small green paradise. When I walked over to the trees, I noticed
that a number of parrots had come to live in them. A small spotted deer scampered away to
hide in a thicket. And a wild pheasant challenged me with a mellow ‘who-are-you, who- are-
you?”
“But the trees seemed to know me. 1 am sure they whispered among themselves and
beckoned menearer.”
“1 ran my hands over their barks and it was like touching the hands of old friends. And
Jooking around, I noticed that other small trees and wild plants and grasses had sprung up
under the protection of these that we had planted there."
“The trees had multiplied! The forest was on the move! In one small comer of the world, my
father's dream was coming true, and trees were walking agai
— Ruskin Bond
e.
ER: Word Meaning
string cot 2 asimplecotmade ofbamboo srubland 1 are covered with shor
and rope vegetation
Jaceranda 2 tropical ee whichhas blue verdure greenery flourishing
trumpet shaped flowers and vegetation
fragront wood cicadas {Insects with arg wings
tabumum 2 trees with right yellow that produce a high-
flowers pitched drone
shell nagging cry: here high-pitched cry that pohyitle house: tiny cramped house
ould be heard again and pheasant + alongtailed bird that Ives
ain in thick bushes
shouting ip and up + shouting louder andlor
the scale
. Comprehension
‘A. Tick(/)thecorrectoption:
1. Where were Kokiandher grandmother?
‘a. under theshade of the banyan tree.
b.alongthe riverbank,
A
immediately caught by the spectacular red plumes of the coral blossom. In contrast to the dry
riverbed, the island was a small green paradise. When I walked over to the trees, I noticed
that a number of parrots had come to live in them. A small spotted deer scampered away to
hide in a thicket. And a wild pheasant challenged me with a mellow ‘who-are-you, who- are-
you?”
“But the trees seemed to know me. 1 am sure they whispered among themselves and
beckoned menearer.”
“1 ran my hands over their barks and it was like touching the hands of old friends. And
Jooking around, I noticed that other small trees and wild plants and grasses had sprung up
under the protection of these that we had planted there."
“The trees had multiplied! The forest was on the move! In one small comer of the world, my
father's dream was coming true, and trees were walking agai
— Ruskin Bond
e.
ER: Word Meaning
string cot 2 asimplecotmade ofbamboo srubland 1 are covered with shor
and rope vegetation
Jaceranda 2 tropical ee whichhas blue verdure greenery flourishing
trumpet shaped flowers and vegetation
fragront wood cicadas {Insects with arg wings
tabumum 2 trees with right yellow that produce a high-
flowers pitched drone
shell nagging cry: here high-pitched cry that pohyitle house: tiny cramped house
ould be heard again and pheasant + alongtailed bird that Ives
ain in thick bushes
shouting ip and up + shouting louder andlor
the scale
. Comprehension
‘A. Tick(/)thecorrectoption:
1. Where were Kokiandher grandmother?
‘a. under theshade of the banyan tree.
b.alongthe riverbank,
A
€. under the shade of the jack fruit tree.
2. Whatwere they doing?
a. They were enjoying the cool breeze.
b. Grandmother was narrating incidents about her father
andhis love for trees.
€. Theywere plantingtrees.
3. Thetendril moved away from Grandmother's feet towards her father"
because:
a. her father pulledit.
b. it liked tokeep moving.
€. itwas fondof her father,
A
4. “It was natural for a man who has served in Indian Forest Service”. It
means
a. heservedforthenation.
b. heunderstood anc
€: heplanted manytrees.
5. Grandmother'sfather could notcreate aforestinthe scrubland as:
dtrees.
a. there wasnowater.
b. the birds would not let the saplings grow.
€. thegrazing cattleate up the saplings.
6. Grandmotherhelped her father plant trees because:
2. she wanted people tosee the trees.
b. sheloved her father.
€. aworld without trees wasa nightmare for her.
Answer the questions after reading the lines from the story:
1. “Thebanyantreewas aworldinitself”
a. Whois the speaker?
b. Why did the speaker sayso?
“We arenot planting itfor peopletosee.”
a. Whose words were these?
b. Whom did the speaker say these words to?
3. “Onedaythetreewill move again.”
2. Whatwere they doing?
a. They were enjoying the cool breeze.
b. Grandmother was narrating incidents about her father
andhis love for trees.
€. Theywere plantingtrees.
3. Thetendril moved away from Grandmother's feet towards her father"
because:
a. her father pulledit.
b. it liked tokeep moving.
€. itwas fondof her father,
A
4. “It was natural for a man who has served in Indian Forest Service”. It
means
a. heservedforthenation.
b. heunderstood anc
€: heplanted manytrees.
5. Grandmother'sfather could notcreate aforestinthe scrubland as:
dtrees.
a. there wasnowater.
b. the birds would not let the saplings grow.
€. thegrazing cattleate up the saplings.
6. Grandmotherhelped her father plant trees because:
2. she wanted people tosee the trees.
b. sheloved her father.
€. aworld without trees wasa nightmare for her.
Answer the questions after reading the lines from the story:
1. “Thebanyantreewas aworldinitself”
a. Whois the speaker?
b. Why did the speaker sayso?
“We arenot planting itfor peopletosee.”
a. Whose words were these?
b. Whom did the speaker say these words to?
3. “Onedaythetreewill move again.”
a. Doyoureally think so? Why?
b. Inwhat reference did the speaker say so?
€. _Usethese wordsin sentences of your own:
1. Scrubland
2. Cicadas
3. Poky
4. Constantly
5. Island
D. — Answerthefollowing questions
1... Whom was grandmother talking about to Koki?
2._ Howwere the Peepal tree and the temple protector of eachother?
3. Whowere grandmother's riendsin the banyan tree?
4
Why was great grandfather content with planting trees in his garden or
nearthe house? Givereasons.
5. How does grandmother make difference between the choices of her
father and mother?
6. _ "In one small corner of the world, my father’s dream was coming true
and trees were walking again!”
a. Whosaid these lines andto whom?
b. What was father's dream?
€."Trees were walking again.” Explain.
Vocabulary
TW E Findoutthenounsfor ‘trends’ and the verbs for ‘change’ :
b. Inwhat reference did the speaker say so?
€. _Usethese wordsin sentences of your own:
1. Scrubland
2. Cicadas
3. Poky
4. Constantly
5. Island
D. — Answerthefollowing questions
1... Whom was grandmother talking about to Koki?
2._ Howwere the Peepal tree and the temple protector of eachother?
3. Whowere grandmother's riendsin the banyan tree?
4
Why was great grandfather content with planting trees in his garden or
nearthe house? Givereasons.
5. How does grandmother make difference between the choices of her
father and mother?
6. _ "In one small corner of the world, my father’s dream was coming true
and trees were walking again!”
a. Whosaid these lines andto whom?
b. What was father's dream?
€."Trees were walking again.” Explain.
Vocabulary
TW E Findoutthenounsfor ‘trends’ and the verbs for ‘change’ :
Grammar Corner
‘+ Prepositions
A preposition is a linking word which comes usually before a noun or a
pronoun.
‘+ Prepositonal Phrase
‘The preposition together with the noun or noun group is called a
propositional phrase. Most prepositional phrases consist of a preposition
+anoun, pronounoran-ing word.
Often time expressions are prepositional phrases — at that moment, atten
O'clock, on the morning of 20th October 2015, before midday, about 4
o'clock, during the month, by tomorrow.
Often work as adverbs of place, time or manner in sentencé
‘+ Theinscriptions were enrolled on rock where? on rock)
‘+ Isawherinthe morning. (when? in the morning)
‘+ She spoke in alow voice. (How? in alow voice)
F. Fillin the blanks with suitable propositions. More than one choice is
possible incertain cases:
1. 1 have written an interesting book the problems of the
teenagers.
Whatare you thinking ?
least ten students were absent from the class.
4. Learning the poem heart is meaningless if you do not
understandit.
5. Weplucked fresh apples. the treesandatethem,
6. Unfair means can bring easy money but they prove harmful
thelongrun.
7. thewhole I'm satisfied your work.
8. Aneeriesilence covers the entire place night.
9. Thefirewas putout the firemen water.
10. Canyoutranslate this passage. English Hin
“i
‘+ Prepositions
A preposition is a linking word which comes usually before a noun or a
pronoun.
‘+ Prepositonal Phrase
‘The preposition together with the noun or noun group is called a
propositional phrase. Most prepositional phrases consist of a preposition
+anoun, pronounoran-ing word.
Often time expressions are prepositional phrases — at that moment, atten
O'clock, on the morning of 20th October 2015, before midday, about 4
o'clock, during the month, by tomorrow.
Often work as adverbs of place, time or manner in sentencé
‘+ Theinscriptions were enrolled on rock where? on rock)
‘+ Isawherinthe morning. (when? in the morning)
‘+ She spoke in alow voice. (How? in alow voice)
F. Fillin the blanks with suitable propositions. More than one choice is
possible incertain cases:
1. 1 have written an interesting book the problems of the
teenagers.
Whatare you thinking ?
least ten students were absent from the class.
4. Learning the poem heart is meaningless if you do not
understandit.
5. Weplucked fresh apples. the treesandatethem,
6. Unfair means can bring easy money but they prove harmful
thelongrun.
7. thewhole I'm satisfied your work.
8. Aneeriesilence covers the entire place night.
9. Thefirewas putout the firemen water.
10. Canyoutranslate this passage. English Hin
“i
Listen and Speak
JLS What do you think are the causes of global warming? Is there anything
that you can do to help improve the situation? Discuss in groups and
present your views to the lass. You may talk about these :
+ Meltingice
+ Wildifeandvegetation
* Globalwarmingandthe polarregion
+ Changesinourlifestyles
Phrases you may use to express:
¡think l'drather A
Fdliketo Itsbecause
Ithinksofaras_ __Imeonvinced that _
Without a doubt Ifitwereupto me,
Asfarasl'mconcerned I'm pretty sure that
Writing Skills
7 © H. Write a letter to the President of your Local Socially Welfare Association,
suggesting that the empty plot in the colony be converted to a park.
Include these ideas:
+ Theplotis being used asa garbage dumping ground,
+ Causingtodiseases.
+ Tumingitintoaparkwillkeepit clean and healthy.
‘+ Helpcanbetakenfromthe membersofthe associates.
+ Studentscanalso beaskedto help.
+ Agardener can be put using a hominal contribution by the people of
thecolony.
A < FunTime
Life Skills Team work
‘Team work is an excellent way to accomplish complicated tasks. It usually
helps one work faster with better results. Look around you, think out
‘what and how you with your partners, classmates, neighbours could
make a change for yourself.
5
JLS What do you think are the causes of global warming? Is there anything
that you can do to help improve the situation? Discuss in groups and
present your views to the lass. You may talk about these :
+ Meltingice
+ Wildifeandvegetation
* Globalwarmingandthe polarregion
+ Changesinourlifestyles
Phrases you may use to express:
¡think l'drather A
Fdliketo Itsbecause
Ithinksofaras_ __Imeonvinced that _
Without a doubt Ifitwereupto me,
Asfarasl'mconcerned I'm pretty sure that
Writing Skills
7 © H. Write a letter to the President of your Local Socially Welfare Association,
suggesting that the empty plot in the colony be converted to a park.
Include these ideas:
+ Theplotis being used asa garbage dumping ground,
+ Causingtodiseases.
+ Tumingitintoaparkwillkeepit clean and healthy.
‘+ Helpcanbetakenfromthe membersofthe associates.
+ Studentscanalso beaskedto help.
+ Agardener can be put using a hominal contribution by the people of
thecolony.
A < FunTime
Life Skills Team work
‘Team work is an excellent way to accomplish complicated tasks. It usually
helps one work faster with better results. Look around you, think out
‘what and how you with your partners, classmates, neighbours could
make a change for yourself.
5
\ Letter to the
Children of India
Mydearchildren,
like being with children and talking to them and, even more, k
playing with them, For a moment, forget that 1 am terribly
eid andthatitisa very longtime agosincelwasachild. L
1 do not want to give you a string of good advice as to what
you should do and what you should not do. I suppose you
have enough of this from your teachers.
Ifyou were with me, I would love to talk 10 you about this
beautiful world of ours, about flowers and trees and birds and
animals and stars and mountains and glaciers and all the other
wonderful things that surround us in this world.
hope you will be more sensible and open your eyes andears 10 this beauty and life that
end you, Can you recognize the flowers by their names and birds by their
singing? How easy itis to make friends with them and with everything in nature, if you
‘20 to themaffectionately and with friendship!
You must have read many fairy tales and stories in the past. But the world itselfis the
reatest fairy tale and story of adventures that has ever been WER Only we must
fave eyes to see and cas to hear and a mind hat opens outto the ie and beauty of the
world.
have recently been to the United States of America, to Canada and England. I found
te ldren there very ike the children here, and so 1 easily made friends with them,
de henever Thad the chance, 1 played with them a lite. ‘That was much more
eresting than many of my talks with the grown-ups who imagine they are very
different and deliberately make themselves so.
Some months ago, the children of Japan wrote to me and asked me 10 send them an
US
Children of India
Mydearchildren,
like being with children and talking to them and, even more, k
playing with them, For a moment, forget that 1 am terribly
eid andthatitisa very longtime agosincelwasachild. L
1 do not want to give you a string of good advice as to what
you should do and what you should not do. I suppose you
have enough of this from your teachers.
Ifyou were with me, I would love to talk 10 you about this
beautiful world of ours, about flowers and trees and birds and
animals and stars and mountains and glaciers and all the other
wonderful things that surround us in this world.
hope you will be more sensible and open your eyes andears 10 this beauty and life that
end you, Can you recognize the flowers by their names and birds by their
singing? How easy itis to make friends with them and with everything in nature, if you
‘20 to themaffectionately and with friendship!
You must have read many fairy tales and stories in the past. But the world itselfis the
reatest fairy tale and story of adventures that has ever been WER Only we must
fave eyes to see and cas to hear and a mind hat opens outto the ie and beauty of the
world.
have recently been to the United States of America, to Canada and England. I found
te ldren there very ike the children here, and so 1 easily made friends with them,
de henever Thad the chance, 1 played with them a lite. ‘That was much more
eresting than many of my talks with the grown-ups who imagine they are very
different and deliberately make themselves so.
Some months ago, the children of Japan wrote to me and asked me 10 send them an
US
elephant. I sent them a beautiful elephant on behalf of the children of India. This
“lephant came from Mysore and ravelledal the way by seato Japan, When reached
Tokyo, thousands of children came to seeit. Many of them had never seen elephant.
So we must also think oftheir country and of the many other countries in the world,
od remember that everywhere there are children like you going to schoo! and play,
en ctmes quarrelling but always making friends again. You can read about these
sor resin your books and when you grow up. many of you will visitthem There are
friends and you will find them to greet you.
AS write think ofthe vastarmy of children all over the world, outwardly different in
many ways, speaking different languages, wearing different kinds of clothes and yet
So very like one another. Ifyou bring them together, they play of quarrel. But even
their quarelling is some Kind of play. They do not think of difference ‘amongst
themselves.
Our country is a litle world in itself with an infinite variety of places for us do
oa eo favetravelleda great dea inthe country and Ihave grown in years wish
time, 90 that [ould vsitall the nooks and comers of India. Lwould like tog
there in the company of bright young children whose minds are opening out with
thet cutis, should like to go with them, not so much tothe reat cities OÙ
ronda othe mountains and he forests andthe great rivers and the old mountain, all
of which tll us something of India's story.
A PARA Word Meaning
recognize come to know
deliberately: knowingly to : pestdeeds
r a
a Comprehension
+ eachand everywhere
A. Tick(V)thecorrect option:
1. While playing with children, Pt. Nehru forgets that,
a.heis the Prime Minister
b.heisterribly old
ccheisanindian
FT
“lephant came from Mysore and ravelledal the way by seato Japan, When reached
Tokyo, thousands of children came to seeit. Many of them had never seen elephant.
So we must also think oftheir country and of the many other countries in the world,
od remember that everywhere there are children like you going to schoo! and play,
en ctmes quarrelling but always making friends again. You can read about these
sor resin your books and when you grow up. many of you will visitthem There are
friends and you will find them to greet you.
AS write think ofthe vastarmy of children all over the world, outwardly different in
many ways, speaking different languages, wearing different kinds of clothes and yet
So very like one another. Ifyou bring them together, they play of quarrel. But even
their quarelling is some Kind of play. They do not think of difference ‘amongst
themselves.
Our country is a litle world in itself with an infinite variety of places for us do
oa eo favetravelleda great dea inthe country and Ihave grown in years wish
time, 90 that [ould vsitall the nooks and comers of India. Lwould like tog
there in the company of bright young children whose minds are opening out with
thet cutis, should like to go with them, not so much tothe reat cities OÙ
ronda othe mountains and he forests andthe great rivers and the old mountain, all
of which tll us something of India's story.
A PARA Word Meaning
recognize come to know
deliberately: knowingly to : pestdeeds
r a
a Comprehension
+ eachand everywhere
A. Tick(V)thecorrect option:
1. While playing with children, Pt. Nehru forgets that,
a.heis the Prime Minister
b.heisterribly old
ccheisanindian
FT
2. Pt. Nehru has recently been to the United States of America, to
Canada, and to,
a.china lb Sritanka = cngland
3._ Thechildren ofJapanasked Pt. Nehruto end them.
aatiger D bafower D canelephant
4. Pt.NehrufoundthechildrenofUSA, Canadaand England
a.betterthanthe children of India
b.worsethatthe children of India
.very like the children of india
5. Pt.Nehruwantedto go with young children to, o
a.greatcities of India
b.bigtownsof india
c:bigfactories of india
B. Write Tfortrueand Fforfalsestatements:
Pt.Nehrulovedto play chess.
‘The Japanese children asked Pt. Nehru to send them an elephant.
Children should be naughty according to Nehru.
People of one country must love the people of another country.
Pt.Nehrudidnot sendan elephant to Japan.
€. Answerthe following questions:
When did Pt. Nehru forget that heisterribly old?
What advice did he give tothe children of India?
What does Pt. Nehru wantto talkto children about?
What did Japanese children ask Pt. Nehrutosend them?
How was the elephant sent to the children of Japan?
How canwe make other friend?
Where did Pt. Nehru want to go with young children?
= Vocabulary
JD, Arrange the wordsin the right order tomake sentences:
1. fear/children/go/dark/to/inthe
Canada, and to,
a.china lb Sritanka = cngland
3._ Thechildren ofJapanasked Pt. Nehruto end them.
aatiger D bafower D canelephant
4. Pt.NehrufoundthechildrenofUSA, Canadaand England
a.betterthanthe children of India
b.worsethatthe children of India
.very like the children of india
5. Pt.Nehruwantedto go with young children to, o
a.greatcities of India
b.bigtownsof india
c:bigfactories of india
B. Write Tfortrueand Fforfalsestatements:
Pt.Nehrulovedto play chess.
‘The Japanese children asked Pt. Nehru to send them an elephant.
Children should be naughty according to Nehru.
People of one country must love the people of another country.
Pt.Nehrudidnot sendan elephant to Japan.
€. Answerthe following questions:
When did Pt. Nehru forget that heisterribly old?
What advice did he give tothe children of India?
What does Pt. Nehru wantto talkto children about?
What did Japanese children ask Pt. Nehrutosend them?
How was the elephant sent to the children of Japan?
How canwe make other friend?
Where did Pt. Nehru want to go with young children?
= Vocabulary
JD, Arrange the wordsin the right order tomake sentences:
1. fear/children/go/dark/to/inthe
2. al/mik/drank/the/cat/the
3. waste/never/hard/work/goes
4, man/a/perfect/writing/makes
5. always/agood/helps/citien/ others
EA few commonly misspelt words are given below. Write the correct
spellingin the space provided:
1. enviornment 2. occassion
3. oppurtunity 4. suprise
5. goverment 6. achelvement
7. beleive 8. recieve
9. morden 10. occured
E. Matchthe words in column A with their meaningsincolumn 8:
a =
1. glaciers endless
2. voyage very old
3. terriblyold alongseajourney
4. infinite ashortjourney
5. tip notlongago
6. recently hugemassofice
Grammar Corner
©. _ Matchthesewords/phraseswiththeirmeanings:
1. humorous a. somethingthatisdoneorsaidtoamuse
2. comedian b. a person whose job is to make people
laugh by teling jokes and amusing stories
or by copying the behaviour or speech of
famous people
3. witty e. someone that is funny and makes one
laugh
jest 4. the ability to say or write things that are
5
both amusingand clever,
asenseofhumour — e. abletosayorwriteclever amusing things
KR
3. waste/never/hard/work/goes
4, man/a/perfect/writing/makes
5. always/agood/helps/citien/ others
EA few commonly misspelt words are given below. Write the correct
spellingin the space provided:
1. enviornment 2. occassion
3. oppurtunity 4. suprise
5. goverment 6. achelvement
7. beleive 8. recieve
9. morden 10. occured
E. Matchthe words in column A with their meaningsincolumn 8:
a =
1. glaciers endless
2. voyage very old
3. terriblyold alongseajourney
4. infinite ashortjourney
5. tip notlongago
6. recently hugemassofice
Grammar Corner
©. _ Matchthesewords/phraseswiththeirmeanings:
1. humorous a. somethingthatisdoneorsaidtoamuse
2. comedian b. a person whose job is to make people
laugh by teling jokes and amusing stories
or by copying the behaviour or speech of
famous people
3. witty e. someone that is funny and makes one
laugh
jest 4. the ability to say or write things that are
5
both amusingand clever,
asenseofhumour — e. abletosayorwriteclever amusing things
KR
2. FunTime
H. Work with your partner. Make sentences with the words/phrases in the
first column. Check each other's task for language errors, spelling
mistakes, etc.
Listen and Speak
+ Discussingroups
|. Theroleof Pandit Nehruin getting freedom.
Writing Skills
J. Giveareplyafter reading Pandit Nehru'sletter:
Alimerick is a funny little poem containing five lines. Lines 1, 2,3, 4 and 5
of limerick have seven to ten syllables and rhyme with one another. Read
‘this limerick by Edward Lear:
There was a young lady whose chin,
Resembled the point of a pin;
So she had it made sharp,
And purchased a harp,
And played several tunes with her chin.
K. Have a limerick wr
1g competition in class. Students should read out
their limericks by turns. Vote and shortlist three most amusing limericks.
Vote for the best limerick and display it in class. Take the help of this
website forideas:
www. gigglepoetry.com/poetryclass/limerickcontesthelp.htm!
5
H. Work with your partner. Make sentences with the words/phrases in the
first column. Check each other's task for language errors, spelling
mistakes, etc.
Listen and Speak
+ Discussingroups
|. Theroleof Pandit Nehruin getting freedom.
Writing Skills
J. Giveareplyafter reading Pandit Nehru'sletter:
Alimerick is a funny little poem containing five lines. Lines 1, 2,3, 4 and 5
of limerick have seven to ten syllables and rhyme with one another. Read
‘this limerick by Edward Lear:
There was a young lady whose chin,
Resembled the point of a pin;
So she had it made sharp,
And purchased a harp,
And played several tunes with her chin.
K. Have a limerick wr
1g competition in class. Students should read out
their limericks by turns. Vote and shortlist three most amusing limericks.
Vote for the best limerick and display it in class. Take the help of this
website forideas:
www. gigglepoetry.com/poetryclass/limerickcontesthelp.htm!
5
4
\ In the Bazaar
of Hyderabad
What do you sell, O ye merchants?
Richly your waresare displayed.
Turbansofcrimsonandsilver,
Tunies of purple brocade,
Mirrors with panels of amber,
Daggers with handles of jade.
What do you weigh, O ye vendors?
Saffron and lentil andrice.
What do you grind, O ye maidens?,
Sandalwood, henna and spice.
What do youcall, O ye pedlars?
Chessmen and ivory dice.
Wristletand anklet and ring,
Bells forthe feet of blue pigeons
Frail asa dragon-fly's wing,
Girdles of gold for dane
Scabbards of gold forthe king.
What do youcry, O fruitmen?
Citron, pomegranate and plum.
What do you play, O ye musicians?
Sitar, Sarangi and drum.
\ In the Bazaar
of Hyderabad
What do you sell, O ye merchants?
Richly your waresare displayed.
Turbansofcrimsonandsilver,
Tunies of purple brocade,
Mirrors with panels of amber,
Daggers with handles of jade.
What do you weigh, O ye vendors?
Saffron and lentil andrice.
What do you grind, O ye maidens?,
Sandalwood, henna and spice.
What do youcall, O ye pedlars?
Chessmen and ivory dice.
Wristletand anklet and ring,
Bells forthe feet of blue pigeons
Frail asa dragon-fly's wing,
Girdles of gold for dane
Scabbards of gold forthe king.
What do youcry, O fruitmen?
Citron, pomegranate and plum.
What do you play, O ye musicians?
Sitar, Sarangi and drum.
What do you chant, O magicians?
Spells foraconsto come.
What do yowweave, O ye flower-girls?
With tassels ofazure and red?
Crowns for the brow ofa bridegroom,
Chapletsto garland his bed.
Sheets of white blossoms new-garnered,
To perfumethe sleep of the dead.
Sarojini Naidu
o
ER: Word Meaning
tires + belts azure + be
chaplets + wreaths offlowers aeons tocome : future
scabbards covers for swords
. Comprehension
A. — Readthe following extract and answer the questions that follow:
“What do you weave, Oye flower-girls?
With tassels ofazure andred?
Crowns or the brow ofa bridegroom,
Chaplets to garland his bed.
Sheets of white blossoms new garnered,
To perfume the sleep of the dead.”
1. Whatare the flower-girls weaving?
2. Whyarethe flower-girls weaving sheets of white flowers?
3. Writetherhyming word and rhyming scheme of this extract.
4. Write thename of the poet ofthis extract.
B. Complete these sentences:
1. _ The merchants are selling silver and crimson coloured
Inthe bazaars of Hyderabad,
“iS
Spells foraconsto come.
What do yowweave, O ye flower-girls?
With tassels ofazure and red?
Crowns for the brow ofa bridegroom,
Chapletsto garland his bed.
Sheets of white blossoms new-garnered,
To perfumethe sleep of the dead.
Sarojini Naidu
o
ER: Word Meaning
tires + belts azure + be
chaplets + wreaths offlowers aeons tocome : future
scabbards covers for swords
. Comprehension
A. — Readthe following extract and answer the questions that follow:
“What do you weave, Oye flower-girls?
With tassels ofazure andred?
Crowns or the brow ofa bridegroom,
Chaplets to garland his bed.
Sheets of white blossoms new garnered,
To perfume the sleep of the dead.”
1. Whatare the flower-girls weaving?
2. Whyarethe flower-girls weaving sheets of white flowers?
3. Writetherhyming word and rhyming scheme of this extract.
4. Write thename of the poet ofthis extract.
B. Complete these sentences:
1. _ The merchants are selling silver and crimson coloured
Inthe bazaars of Hyderabad,
“iS
J
N
o
‘Themaidens are guiding,
The. are making bracelets andanklets.
4. The musicians play, and
inthe bazaars of Hyderabad,
©. Answerthefollowing questions:
1. How has Sarojini Naidu brought out the vibrancy of the bazaars of
Hyderabad?
2. How does Sarojini Naidu spread the message of ‘Swadeshi Movement”
inthispoem?
3. Howisthe market in the poem different from a market we see around
ustoday?
Which words tell you that this poem was written many years ago?
Vocabulary
D. Writetwo rhyming words for the following:
1. brocade 2. rice
3. maiden 4. amber
5. ring 6. plum
E. Explaintheselines/phrases fromthe poem:
1. Panelsofamber
What do you call?
3. Frailasadragon-fly's wing?
4, Whatdoyouchant?
Fun Time
+ Makinga Collage
E. Indiaislike a Kaleidoscope in diversity. Make a colourful collage to depict
the Indian Kaleidoscope.
N
o
‘Themaidens are guiding,
The. are making bracelets andanklets.
4. The musicians play, and
inthe bazaars of Hyderabad,
©. Answerthefollowing questions:
1. How has Sarojini Naidu brought out the vibrancy of the bazaars of
Hyderabad?
2. How does Sarojini Naidu spread the message of ‘Swadeshi Movement”
inthispoem?
3. Howisthe market in the poem different from a market we see around
ustoday?
Which words tell you that this poem was written many years ago?
Vocabulary
D. Writetwo rhyming words for the following:
1. brocade 2. rice
3. maiden 4. amber
5. ring 6. plum
E. Explaintheselines/phrases fromthe poem:
1. Panelsofamber
What do you call?
3. Frailasadragon-fly's wing?
4, Whatdoyouchant?
Fun Time
+ Makinga Collage
E. Indiaislike a Kaleidoscope in diversity. Make a colourful collage to depict
the Indian Kaleidoscope.
x
“ The Wise Men
of Ramnagar
‘Once upon a time there was a village called Ramnagar. It was quite a large village and it lay
near a wide river. The land was rich and fertile, and the people who lived there were happy
and wealthy. They had no enemies and lived peacefully. They troubled no one and no one
troubled them.
‘Ten miles away from the village there was a town. One day the people of the town held a
meeting, All the townsfolk gathered in the market place.
‘The people of the town were going to discuss a new plan fora road. The road was going to be
built between their town and another town, about twenty miles away. A large map of the area
was brought, and soon a route was worked out. The people decided how much they were
‘going tospend on building the road.
Following this meeting, work was started on the road. As soon as the work began. The news
reached the people of Ramnagar. Some of the villagers got together and went to find out more
about thenew road.
When they got to the town they went straight to the office of the District Ofi
hada look at the map.
‘The villagers went back to Ramnagar and called a meeting. One of the men who had seen the
map said, “People of Ramnagar, today some of us saw the map of the new road. Its going to
pass close to our village. It will go through some of our best fields, and they will be
destroyed. What shall we do to stop this road?”
The villagers were very angry. They sat in the meeting for three whole days. At last they
thoughtofa plan.
A weck after the meeting, a man from the town came to Ramnagar. When he got to the
village, he saw a great crowd of people at the side of the river. The man from the town was
curious. He went over to where the people had gathered. He squeezed through the crowd and
saw an amazing sight. There were seven men standing on one bank of the river and seven
BR
er. There they
“ The Wise Men
of Ramnagar
‘Once upon a time there was a village called Ramnagar. It was quite a large village and it lay
near a wide river. The land was rich and fertile, and the people who lived there were happy
and wealthy. They had no enemies and lived peacefully. They troubled no one and no one
troubled them.
‘Ten miles away from the village there was a town. One day the people of the town held a
meeting, All the townsfolk gathered in the market place.
‘The people of the town were going to discuss a new plan fora road. The road was going to be
built between their town and another town, about twenty miles away. A large map of the area
was brought, and soon a route was worked out. The people decided how much they were
‘going tospend on building the road.
Following this meeting, work was started on the road. As soon as the work began. The news
reached the people of Ramnagar. Some of the villagers got together and went to find out more
about thenew road.
When they got to the town they went straight to the office of the District Ofi
hada look at the map.
‘The villagers went back to Ramnagar and called a meeting. One of the men who had seen the
map said, “People of Ramnagar, today some of us saw the map of the new road. Its going to
pass close to our village. It will go through some of our best fields, and they will be
destroyed. What shall we do to stop this road?”
The villagers were very angry. They sat in the meeting for three whole days. At last they
thoughtofa plan.
A weck after the meeting, a man from the town came to Ramnagar. When he got to the
village, he saw a great crowd of people at the side of the river. The man from the town was
curious. He went over to where the people had gathered. He squeezed through the crowd and
saw an amazing sight. There were seven men standing on one bank of the river and seven
BR
er. There they
men on the other. They were holding a thick rope which stretched across the river and in the
middle someone had tied a cup.
“What are they doing?” asked the man.
“They are taking water out of the river,” replied a woman standing close by.
“Witha cup?” asked the man.
“Ohyes,” replied the woman.
“Butit will take hours to get a bucketful,” said the man,
Yes,” said the woman. “It is slow. But we always get water out of the river like this. It's a
slow way but italways works.”
‘The man from the town was very surprised, indeed. He seratched his chin and said to himself,
“These people are all mad!” When he got back to the town, he told all his friends about what
he had seen in the village. All his friends laughed and laughed,
‘One or two of the man's friends just could not believe that people could be so stupid. So, the
next day, two of them trotted off to Ramnagar to see for themselves. When they arrived at the
village they found a huge crowd of people around a tall tree. The trunk of the tree was nearly
‘two metres wide. Two men were busily working on the trunk. Each had a small penknife in
his hand, and was cutting the wood. They were working so hard that the sweat was pouring
offtheir foreheads.
“What are they doing?” asked one of the men from the town.
“They are cutting down the tree,” replied one of the villagers, “Can't you see?”
“With penknives?” asked the townman,
FT
middle someone had tied a cup.
“What are they doing?” asked the man.
“They are taking water out of the river,” replied a woman standing close by.
“Witha cup?” asked the man.
“Ohyes,” replied the woman.
“Butit will take hours to get a bucketful,” said the man,
Yes,” said the woman. “It is slow. But we always get water out of the river like this. It's a
slow way but italways works.”
‘The man from the town was very surprised, indeed. He seratched his chin and said to himself,
“These people are all mad!” When he got back to the town, he told all his friends about what
he had seen in the village. All his friends laughed and laughed,
‘One or two of the man's friends just could not believe that people could be so stupid. So, the
next day, two of them trotted off to Ramnagar to see for themselves. When they arrived at the
village they found a huge crowd of people around a tall tree. The trunk of the tree was nearly
‘two metres wide. Two men were busily working on the trunk. Each had a small penknife in
his hand, and was cutting the wood. They were working so hard that the sweat was pouring
offtheir foreheads.
“What are they doing?” asked one of the men from the town.
“They are cutting down the tree,” replied one of the villagers, “Can't you see?”
“With penknives?” asked the townman,
FT
“Yes,” said a villager i
“We always cut down tree with penknives.”
“Butt will take a year or two,” said the townman,
“Yes,” replied the villagers. “It is slow, but it is a good
method. Italways works.”
the crowd.
‘The men from the town were quite astonished. They went
back to their town. Soon the news about the villagers and
their odd behaviour spread like wildfire. “The people of
Ramnagar are quite mad,” the townsfolk said. The news
even reached the District Officer.
“What's all this about?” asked the District Officer.
“Are the people of Ramnager really mad?”
“Yes, indeed they are,” replied his chief clerk. “They
take water out of the river with a cup, and they cut down trees with penknives! They are quite
crazy.”
“Are they dangerous” asked the District Officer, nervously.
“Idon't know,” said the clerk,
‘The following day the District Officer and a few of the other important people of the town
went to Ramnagar to find out more, When they got there they saw a long line of women
walking to and from a large anthill. Each woman was carrying a basket. The first woman in
the line stepped up to the anthill and took an ant from the moist earth. Then she put the ant in
her basket, and carried itaway.
“What are they doing?” asked the astonished District Officer.
“They are carrying away ants,” replied a man standing nearby.
“Why? asked the District Officer.
“Because ants are very dangerous,” said the man. “They eat everyt
away.”
"But, one in each basket!” cried the District Officer. “That's ridiculous!”
“We always do in that way,” replied the man. “It's slow, but its a good method. It always
works.”
1g. We must carry them
When the District Officer retumed to the town, he called a meeting.
“1 have been to Ramnagar,” he announced. “The people there are quite mad. They take water
out of the river with a cup; they cut down trees with penknives; they carry away ants, one by
one. They are lunatics. Don't go near them.”
RS .
“We always cut down tree with penknives.”
“Butt will take a year or two,” said the townman,
“Yes,” replied the villagers. “It is slow, but it is a good
method. Italways works.”
the crowd.
‘The men from the town were quite astonished. They went
back to their town. Soon the news about the villagers and
their odd behaviour spread like wildfire. “The people of
Ramnagar are quite mad,” the townsfolk said. The news
even reached the District Officer.
“What's all this about?” asked the District Officer.
“Are the people of Ramnager really mad?”
“Yes, indeed they are,” replied his chief clerk. “They
take water out of the river with a cup, and they cut down trees with penknives! They are quite
crazy.”
“Are they dangerous” asked the District Officer, nervously.
“Idon't know,” said the clerk,
‘The following day the District Officer and a few of the other important people of the town
went to Ramnagar to find out more, When they got there they saw a long line of women
walking to and from a large anthill. Each woman was carrying a basket. The first woman in
the line stepped up to the anthill and took an ant from the moist earth. Then she put the ant in
her basket, and carried itaway.
“What are they doing?” asked the astonished District Officer.
“They are carrying away ants,” replied a man standing nearby.
“Why? asked the District Officer.
“Because ants are very dangerous,” said the man. “They eat everyt
away.”
"But, one in each basket!” cried the District Officer. “That's ridiculous!”
“We always do in that way,” replied the man. “It's slow, but its a good method. It always
works.”
1g. We must carry them
When the District Officer retumed to the town, he called a meeting.
“1 have been to Ramnagar,” he announced. “The people there are quite mad. They take water
out of the river with a cup; they cut down trees with penknives; they carry away ants, one by
one. They are lunatics. Don't go near them.”
RS .
“But, sir,” said one of the secretaries. “Our new road is going to right past
Ramnagar.”
“Then change the plan,” roared the District Officer. “We shall build the road
along the top of the hill. I must not be constructed near that village!”
So the road was built along the top of the hill and did not go anywhere near
Ramnagar. The people of the village ploughed their fields and went back to an
undisturbed way of life. They were not mad at all they were very wise.
aa
A Word Meaning
curious + eagerto know about something or penknile : asmallknifetheblade of which can
Indeed be folded away into the handle
ferile + anareacfland that produces many ridiculous : completely unreasonable; not
plants and crops sensible; sly
lunatie + people who are crazy or very foolish stupid a man with no common sense; silly
method: awayorsystem of doing something wildfire: a fierce fire that spreads rapidly,
especially ina forest (here, it refers
to mouthtaik)
. Comprehension
A. WriteTforTrueorF for False statements:
1. Themen weretakingwateroutoftheriverwithabucket.
2._ Thetreewastwometrestall.
3. Themen were cutting the tree with penknives,
4, Thechief clerk said that the villagers were dangerous.
5. The District Officer did not want to change the plan.
6. Theactsofthe people of Ramnagarwere ridiculous.
B. _Usethese words from the story into sentences of your own:
1. mad
2. build
Re
Ramnagar.”
“Then change the plan,” roared the District Officer. “We shall build the road
along the top of the hill. I must not be constructed near that village!”
So the road was built along the top of the hill and did not go anywhere near
Ramnagar. The people of the village ploughed their fields and went back to an
undisturbed way of life. They were not mad at all they were very wise.
aa
A Word Meaning
curious + eagerto know about something or penknile : asmallknifetheblade of which can
Indeed be folded away into the handle
ferile + anareacfland that produces many ridiculous : completely unreasonable; not
plants and crops sensible; sly
lunatie + people who are crazy or very foolish stupid a man with no common sense; silly
method: awayorsystem of doing something wildfire: a fierce fire that spreads rapidly,
especially ina forest (here, it refers
to mouthtaik)
. Comprehension
A. WriteTforTrueorF for False statements:
1. Themen weretakingwateroutoftheriverwithabucket.
2._ Thetreewastwometrestall.
3. Themen were cutting the tree with penknives,
4, Thechief clerk said that the villagers were dangerous.
5. The District Officer did not want to change the plan.
6. Theactsofthe people of Ramnagarwere ridiculous.
B. _Usethese words from the story into sentences of your own:
1. mad
2. build
Re
Y
y
N:
e
townmen
peaceful
road
declared
talkabout
curious
lunatic
€. Answerthe questions about these lines from the sto
“The villagers were very angry. They sat in the meeting for three whole
days. Atlast they thought ofaplan.”
1. Whywere the villagersangry?
2. What id they talk about at the meeting?
3. Whatwastheir plan?
4. Didtheirplan work?
D. Answerthefollowing questions:
1. Describe in briefabout Ramnagarand its people.
2. What made thevillagers angry? What did they do then?
3. Didthevillagershaveany enemies?
4. Whatwere the villagers doing with the rope and the cup?
5. Whatwerethe villagers doing with penknives?
6. Whatwere the women doing with theants?
7. What answer did the villagers always give to the townsfolk about each
oftheirmethods?
8. Whatdoyouthinkthe people of Ramnagar were clever or stupid? Give
reasons.
Vocabulary
‘The prefix un before a word makes ita negative. Un means ‘not.
Example: the word lucky becomes unlucky
Here are some words which form their opposites by adding the prefix Un:
kind made happy done
y
N:
e
townmen
peaceful
road
declared
talkabout
curious
lunatic
€. Answerthe questions about these lines from the sto
“The villagers were very angry. They sat in the meeting for three whole
days. Atlast they thought ofaplan.”
1. Whywere the villagersangry?
2. What id they talk about at the meeting?
3. Whatwastheir plan?
4. Didtheirplan work?
D. Answerthefollowing questions:
1. Describe in briefabout Ramnagarand its people.
2. What made thevillagers angry? What did they do then?
3. Didthevillagershaveany enemies?
4. Whatwere the villagers doing with the rope and the cup?
5. Whatwerethe villagers doing with penknives?
6. Whatwere the women doing with theants?
7. What answer did the villagers always give to the townsfolk about each
oftheirmethods?
8. Whatdoyouthinkthe people of Ramnagar were clever or stupid? Give
reasons.
Vocabulary
‘The prefix un before a word makes ita negative. Un means ‘not.
Example: the word lucky becomes unlucky
Here are some words which form their opposites by adding the prefix Un:
kind made happy done
Another prefixthatis used as a negative is dis.
Examples: dissatisfy, disappear.
E. Seeif youcan add the correct prefix (un- or dis-)to the following:
1. happy 2. appear 3. kind 4. satisfy
5. limited 6. agree 7. believe 8. clear
9. honest 10. certain 11. please 12. allowed
13. attached 14. able 15. educated
Here are some common phrases in English. They are split into two parts.
Seeif youcan match them:
1. againand then
2. moreor there
3. nowand twice
4. onceor less
5. hereand again
Use the completed phrases in sentences of your own.
Grammar Corner
H. — Jointhesentences using suitable conjunctions:
1. Theapple pie wasdelicious. twas served at Jina's party yesterday.
2. Sanjana's father is a well-known diplomat. He works at the Indian
Embassy in Dubai.
3. _ New Delhi is the capital of india. it has a welllinked metro transport
network.
4. Shamitaactsreally well. saw her performance last night:
5. Aisha is a fussy eater. She was advised by the doctor to eat green
vegetables,
6. Columbus believed that he would find gold in the Indies. He would find
spices nthe indies.
7. He sailed across $000 miles of ocean. He sailed without an accurate
‘mapor compass.
5
Examples: dissatisfy, disappear.
E. Seeif youcan add the correct prefix (un- or dis-)to the following:
1. happy 2. appear 3. kind 4. satisfy
5. limited 6. agree 7. believe 8. clear
9. honest 10. certain 11. please 12. allowed
13. attached 14. able 15. educated
Here are some common phrases in English. They are split into two parts.
Seeif youcan match them:
1. againand then
2. moreor there
3. nowand twice
4. onceor less
5. hereand again
Use the completed phrases in sentences of your own.
Grammar Corner
H. — Jointhesentences using suitable conjunctions:
1. Theapple pie wasdelicious. twas served at Jina's party yesterday.
2. Sanjana's father is a well-known diplomat. He works at the Indian
Embassy in Dubai.
3. _ New Delhi is the capital of india. it has a welllinked metro transport
network.
4. Shamitaactsreally well. saw her performance last night:
5. Aisha is a fussy eater. She was advised by the doctor to eat green
vegetables,
6. Columbus believed that he would find gold in the Indies. He would find
spices nthe indies.
7. He sailed across $000 miles of ocean. He sailed without an accurate
‘mapor compass.
5
Complete each sentence with the correct conjunction fromthe brackets:
1. Raja Ravi Verma, was a painter, depicted scenes from
the great epics in his works. (that/who)
2. Ravi Verma also started a printing press was used to
print many copies of his works. (which/whom)
3. His sister was also a painter was another talented
person in his family (who/whom)
4, Themost famous episodes. he painted, tell the stories.
of Nala and Damayanti and Dushnant and Shakuntala. (who/that)
: £ Listen and Speak
l
‘What do you think, if the people of Ramnagar had not done such foolish
exercises, the road was built between their town and another town?
What would have happened then? Discuss in class.
Writing Skills
dé K
Imagine that you live in Ramnagar. Write a letter to the District Officer to
complain about the road being built close tothe village.
FunTime
‘The Indian Premier League, known as IPL, isa cricket competition where
‘the matches are of only twenty overs. Each team has its own logo.
Match the logos of some of the IPL teams with their names :
1. DelhiDaredevils
2. GujratLions
3. KingsXIPunjab
4, Sunrisers Hyderabad
5. Mumbailndians
5
1. Raja Ravi Verma, was a painter, depicted scenes from
the great epics in his works. (that/who)
2. Ravi Verma also started a printing press was used to
print many copies of his works. (which/whom)
3. His sister was also a painter was another talented
person in his family (who/whom)
4, Themost famous episodes. he painted, tell the stories.
of Nala and Damayanti and Dushnant and Shakuntala. (who/that)
: £ Listen and Speak
l
‘What do you think, if the people of Ramnagar had not done such foolish
exercises, the road was built between their town and another town?
What would have happened then? Discuss in class.
Writing Skills
dé K
Imagine that you live in Ramnagar. Write a letter to the District Officer to
complain about the road being built close tothe village.
FunTime
‘The Indian Premier League, known as IPL, isa cricket competition where
‘the matches are of only twenty overs. Each team has its own logo.
Match the logos of some of the IPL teams with their names :
1. DelhiDaredevils
2. GujratLions
3. KingsXIPunjab
4, Sunrisers Hyderabad
5. Mumbailndians
5
Model Test Paper - II
A. Tick(/) thecorrect option:
1. Grandmother's father could not create a forestin the scrublandas:
a.therewasnowater.
b.the birds would not let the saplings grow.
«.the grazing cattle ate up the saplings.
2. The children of Japan asked Pt. Nehrutosend them
aatiger ME bafower PH c.anelephant
the blanks:
The aremakingbraceletsandanklets
2. Themaidensareguiding.
C. Write for True or forFalse statement
1. Themenwerecuttingthetreewithpenknives.
2. Themenweretakingwateroutoftheriverwithabucket,
Explain these lines/phrases from the poem- ‘In the Bazaar of Hyderabad’:
1. Frailasadragon-fly'swing?
2. Whatdoyou chant?
3. Panelsofamber
4. Whatdoyoucall?
E. Answerthefollowing questions:
How did Saraswaticontributeto upliftthe people?
2. Why was great grandfather content with planting trees in his garden or near the house?
Givereasons.
How does grandmother make difference between the choices of her father and mother?
4. Describein brief about Ramnagar and its people.
How has Sarojin Naidu brought out the vibrancy of the bazaars of Hyderabad?
5
A. Tick(/) thecorrect option:
1. Grandmother's father could not create a forestin the scrublandas:
a.therewasnowater.
b.the birds would not let the saplings grow.
«.the grazing cattle ate up the saplings.
2. The children of Japan asked Pt. Nehrutosend them
aatiger ME bafower PH c.anelephant
the blanks:
The aremakingbraceletsandanklets
2. Themaidensareguiding.
C. Write for True or forFalse statement
1. Themenwerecuttingthetreewithpenknives.
2. Themenweretakingwateroutoftheriverwithabucket,
Explain these lines/phrases from the poem- ‘In the Bazaar of Hyderabad’:
1. Frailasadragon-fly'swing?
2. Whatdoyou chant?
3. Panelsofamber
4. Whatdoyoucall?
E. Answerthefollowing questions:
How did Saraswaticontributeto upliftthe people?
2. Why was great grandfather content with planting trees in his garden or near the house?
Givereasons.
How does grandmother make difference between the choices of her father and mother?
4. Describein brief about Ramnagar and its people.
How has Sarojin Naidu brought out the vibrancy of the bazaars of Hyderabad?
5
‘Tanvi says, “Forget it, Puja.” But I can't forget it. The memory of the two men, hitting the car
window, rattling the door, shouting, “Advia, Advia”, still haunts me.
Thadn't decided whether liked Afghanistan or not. I knew my father did, though he had been
here for only four months, working as an engineer at the Khababad Irrigation Project.
My brother and I had stayed back in Delhi with my uncle and aunt, We had come to spend our
holidays with my parents in the small town of Kunduz, not far from the Russian border. We
had visited the historical place of Balk over the weekend, and were on our way back when
everything began to oppress me: the stillness of the wild rocky mountainside, bare of any
vegetation; the ghostly craters of rocks and stones flanking the road on both sides; the dust
and the heat. I felt uncomfortable. 1 looked at my brother, sitting next to me in the car.
Suddenly, he put into words what I had been thinking, “Look at this side. Isn't it a perfect
ing place for dacoits?”
My mother started and shot a questioning glance at my father who laughed softly. Without
taking his eyes off the road before him, he said, “I haven't been long enough in Afghanistan to
‘comment on that. But from what I have heard from my colleagues and experienced myself. I
‘gather that the people of Afghanistan, are rather friendly and hospitable.”
1 met his eyes in the rear-view mirror. He smiled at me and added,"Oh, don't look so
frightened, Puja. We will soon be at Tashkurghan and from there itis not far to Kunduz.” And
to change our mood he suggested, “Why don't youall sing a few oldies forme?”
So we sang the oldies at the top of our voices, in an attempt to drive the blues away — the
blues and the dacoits.
After the next bend, before the road began to rise, my father slowed down and brought the car
toahalt onthe right.
“Nothing to worry about,” he assured us.
“tm checking the rear wheel,” he got out of the car. We opened all the doors to let in some
freshair. But the airthat entered was hot and dry.
Bs
window, rattling the door, shouting, “Advia, Advia”, still haunts me.
Thadn't decided whether liked Afghanistan or not. I knew my father did, though he had been
here for only four months, working as an engineer at the Khababad Irrigation Project.
My brother and I had stayed back in Delhi with my uncle and aunt, We had come to spend our
holidays with my parents in the small town of Kunduz, not far from the Russian border. We
had visited the historical place of Balk over the weekend, and were on our way back when
everything began to oppress me: the stillness of the wild rocky mountainside, bare of any
vegetation; the ghostly craters of rocks and stones flanking the road on both sides; the dust
and the heat. I felt uncomfortable. 1 looked at my brother, sitting next to me in the car.
Suddenly, he put into words what I had been thinking, “Look at this side. Isn't it a perfect
ing place for dacoits?”
My mother started and shot a questioning glance at my father who laughed softly. Without
taking his eyes off the road before him, he said, “I haven't been long enough in Afghanistan to
‘comment on that. But from what I have heard from my colleagues and experienced myself. I
‘gather that the people of Afghanistan, are rather friendly and hospitable.”
1 met his eyes in the rear-view mirror. He smiled at me and added,"Oh, don't look so
frightened, Puja. We will soon be at Tashkurghan and from there itis not far to Kunduz.” And
to change our mood he suggested, “Why don't youall sing a few oldies forme?”
So we sang the oldies at the top of our voices, in an attempt to drive the blues away — the
blues and the dacoits.
After the next bend, before the road began to rise, my father slowed down and brought the car
toahalt onthe right.
“Nothing to worry about,” he assured us.
“tm checking the rear wheel,” he got out of the car. We opened all the doors to let in some
freshair. But the airthat entered was hot and dry.
Bs
My mother picked up the flask at her feet and I wiped my forehead with my handkerchief. I
wished we were back at Kunduz and I could takea long, cool bath.
“Do you want some water, Puja?” asked Mother. I nodded and extended my hand, while my
eyes travelled past her, up the road. What I was made me drop the cup. Water spilled onto my
jeans and the matting of the car.
“Puja,” scolded my mother,
“Idiot,” grunted my brother.
continued to stare past my mother's surprised face at two men rushing towards our car. The
taller of two charged at us. The other one limped behind awkwardly. Their eyes glittered
from under their soiled turbans. Their ankle-length black coats, with long sleeves hanging at
both sides, flapped around them like the winds of some monstrous birds. They were coming
straight at us. I shrieked and pointed at them.
“Dacoits! Dacoits!” My mother turned around to stare at them at the one swirling a stick
above his head and shouting, “Advia!”
My mother shrieked too. The flask dropped from her lap. Drawing away from the window
she whispered, “Rohan, Rohan, help!”
“Papa, Papa,” I shouted and flung myself across my brother in an attempt to leave the car
from the opposite side. My brother pushed me back and said harshly, “Get back, Puja. Stop
acting like a fool.” Then he was out of the door and calling to
father, “Papa, dacoits! They're coming straight at us,
Come back. We have to leave. Start the car, Papa.
Hurry! Please!”
‘Sudhir banged the door shut and shouted at us,
“Shut the doors. Wind up the window glass,
fast.”
pressed myself back into the seat of the car
paralysed with fear. I kept staring at the
‘two men advaneing towards the car at my
side. The taller of the two had already
reached the bonnet. His left hand slid
over the metal and touched my mother’s
window. He shouted something.
“Wind up your window, Ma,” I heard my
brother shout. “Lock the door, Ma. You must
Jock the door. Bring your window up, Puja. Do
youhear?”
SS
wished we were back at Kunduz and I could takea long, cool bath.
“Do you want some water, Puja?” asked Mother. I nodded and extended my hand, while my
eyes travelled past her, up the road. What I was made me drop the cup. Water spilled onto my
jeans and the matting of the car.
“Puja,” scolded my mother,
“Idiot,” grunted my brother.
continued to stare past my mother's surprised face at two men rushing towards our car. The
taller of two charged at us. The other one limped behind awkwardly. Their eyes glittered
from under their soiled turbans. Their ankle-length black coats, with long sleeves hanging at
both sides, flapped around them like the winds of some monstrous birds. They were coming
straight at us. I shrieked and pointed at them.
“Dacoits! Dacoits!” My mother turned around to stare at them at the one swirling a stick
above his head and shouting, “Advia!”
My mother shrieked too. The flask dropped from her lap. Drawing away from the window
she whispered, “Rohan, Rohan, help!”
“Papa, Papa,” I shouted and flung myself across my brother in an attempt to leave the car
from the opposite side. My brother pushed me back and said harshly, “Get back, Puja. Stop
acting like a fool.” Then he was out of the door and calling to
father, “Papa, dacoits! They're coming straight at us,
Come back. We have to leave. Start the car, Papa.
Hurry! Please!”
‘Sudhir banged the door shut and shouted at us,
“Shut the doors. Wind up the window glass,
fast.”
pressed myself back into the seat of the car
paralysed with fear. I kept staring at the
‘two men advaneing towards the car at my
side. The taller of the two had already
reached the bonnet. His left hand slid
over the metal and touched my mother’s
window. He shouted something.
“Wind up your window, Ma,” I heard my
brother shout. “Lock the door, Ma. You must
Jock the door. Bring your window up, Puja. Do
youhear?”
SS
| did hear him. But his voice seemed to reach me from a distance. I
wanted to move, wind up the window, but] couldn't. [just could
not move. I was aware of my father squeezing himself behind
the steering wheel, slamming the door shut behind him.
Winding up, he shouted, “Lock the doors! Lock the doors!”
Then he turned the ignition key, once, twice. The motor
started.
Automatically I reached out for the handle. My hand trembled as I tumed it rapidly. My eyes
were fixed on the face of the man who had reached my mother’s window and I did not notice
the glass moving down as I turned the handle in the wrong direction. The man thrust hi
hands forward. By that time, I had realized my mistake and started raising the window glass.
The hands were caught by the upward moving glass. He grabbed it, and clung to it, trying to
push it down with great force. The glass inched up slowly, painfully. When finally it reached
the top, it pressed the dacoit's finger against the frame. The man yelled and withdrew his
hand. He banged on the glass with his fist and hammered the door with his stick. Then he
dropped it and rattled the door handle with both hands. He shouted at my mother. His words
sounded like *Advia”
Then from behind the agitated man, the other one emerged. He threw himselFat my door, and
tried to hit at the windowpane with his fists. But there was no windowpane. He hit me,
almost.
‘Then grabbing my arm, he pushed himself
forward and with his bloodshot
eyes flashing at me, he
roared, “Adria,
Advia, Advia!”
I stared at him, unable
to move or speak. All |
could do was stare into
the dusty, bearded face and
listen to the voice that shouted
over and over again, “Advia,
Advia. Lutfun mara dawa bitte.” He shook
my arm and reached inside the car with the other hand.
“Papa,” Ishrieked.
‘Then I was thrown forward against the back of the front seat and bounced back again. The
dacoit was jerked forward. He released my arm but hung onto the window frame with his left
hand. His dirty face bobed up and down as he kept on funning and shouting, “Advia, Advia,
Advia”
RS .
wanted to move, wind up the window, but] couldn't. [just could
not move. I was aware of my father squeezing himself behind
the steering wheel, slamming the door shut behind him.
Winding up, he shouted, “Lock the doors! Lock the doors!”
Then he turned the ignition key, once, twice. The motor
started.
Automatically I reached out for the handle. My hand trembled as I tumed it rapidly. My eyes
were fixed on the face of the man who had reached my mother’s window and I did not notice
the glass moving down as I turned the handle in the wrong direction. The man thrust hi
hands forward. By that time, I had realized my mistake and started raising the window glass.
The hands were caught by the upward moving glass. He grabbed it, and clung to it, trying to
push it down with great force. The glass inched up slowly, painfully. When finally it reached
the top, it pressed the dacoit's finger against the frame. The man yelled and withdrew his
hand. He banged on the glass with his fist and hammered the door with his stick. Then he
dropped it and rattled the door handle with both hands. He shouted at my mother. His words
sounded like *Advia”
Then from behind the agitated man, the other one emerged. He threw himselFat my door, and
tried to hit at the windowpane with his fists. But there was no windowpane. He hit me,
almost.
‘Then grabbing my arm, he pushed himself
forward and with his bloodshot
eyes flashing at me, he
roared, “Adria,
Advia, Advia!”
I stared at him, unable
to move or speak. All |
could do was stare into
the dusty, bearded face and
listen to the voice that shouted
over and over again, “Advia,
Advia. Lutfun mara dawa bitte.” He shook
my arm and reached inside the car with the other hand.
“Papa,” Ishrieked.
‘Then I was thrown forward against the back of the front seat and bounced back again. The
dacoit was jerked forward. He released my arm but hung onto the window frame with his left
hand. His dirty face bobed up and down as he kept on funning and shouting, “Advia, Advia,
Advia”
RS .
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