Community Based Inclusive Development and CBR.pptx

Community Based Inclusive Development (CBID) for the inclusion of persons with disabilities into the mainstream society for their dignified life.

1. Education, Rehabilitation, Livelihood and After care of persons with disabilities Nusrat Zerin

2. Education program for children with disabilities include: Special Education: Segregated education in specialized classes in special school/institution

3. Integrated education program: for children with disabilities in mainstream system but with some special arrangements, like- resource teacher, resource room, hostel for them etc.

4. Inclusive education: in non formal & formal school system, all children attends schools near to their home & reads under regular teacher

5. Educational intervention Efforts to be made to continue the education. Pre school training, parents counselling Special training in speech and language (like sign language) Orientation and mobility training for children with visual disabilities Day to day living and practices training and skill development Co-curricular activities Disability friendly infrastructures Ramps with railings All staircases must have side railing, disability friendly lifts and toilets Low vision indicators Sufficient lights, wide doors, Clean and matte finished blackboard or whie board Vocational intervention Efforts be made to promote vocational training for earning according to need Exploring the type and extent of vocational training suiting the level of disability. One should be caring, sympathetic and supportive in assisting the learner with disability. Vocational training centers, suitable for level of disability by their placement.

6. Government and different NGOs/INGOS implement inclusive education in segregated and uncoordinated way. Little intervention has been made for promotion of inclusive education in Bangladesh. As per rules of business - Education of the children with disabilities is under the purview of the Ministry of Social Welfare and is executed by the Department of Social Services (DSS)

7.   Rehabilitation The basic objective of rehabilitation is to restore the physical, social and psychological potential to a level, so that the person can independently function and carry on an independent life. Prevent disability and return to leading life in society. Maximum level of restoration through different interventions. Training in vocational or occupational interventions (job training or on job training) to suit working with residual disability and earn a lively and independently.

8. Rehabilitation approaches or strategies Community based Institution based Outreach services Strategies

9. Community Based Rehabilitation (CBR) CBR refers to the delivery of basic services to persons with disabilities within their community, including all services necessary to improve the participation and functioning in daily activity. Community-based rehabilitation (CBR) was first initiated by the World Health Organization (WHO) following the International Conference on Primary Health Care in 1978 and the resulting Declaration of Alma-Ata (2). UNESCO and WHO define CBR, as: “A strategy within community development for rehabilitation, equalization of opportunities, and social inclusion for all children and adults with disabilities. CBR is implemented through the combined efforts of people with disabilities themselves, their families and communities, and appropriate health, education, vocation and social services.” The basic concept of CBR centres on decentralizing responsibility and resources, both human and financial, to community level organizations. CBR models are based on a collaborative relationship between the Allied Health Professional, Community Based Workers and the broader community.

10. CBR is a strategy of developing rehabilitation services in the community so as to equalization of opportunity for all. Attempt for social integration of persons with disabilities in community There is a collective effort of persons with disabilities, family and community in rehabilitation Along with physical exercise, health education and vocational T raining are imparted for self independent working and earning

11. Institutional Based Rehabilitation Persons with disabilities are provided training in hospitals/ rehabilitation centers. Exercises under supervision. Functions as a referral center for community rehabilitation center. Outreach Programmes The experts from hospital visit the community or home for providing education & training to persons with disabilities in: Self Care Communication Vocational Guidance Camps are also organized from time to time in rural area where community facility is not available. Efforts are on to integrate the community rehabilitation centers with institutions to provide maximum rehabilitation coverage to all parts of the country.

12. Latest concept of social inclusion of persons with disabilities Social inclusion is essential for everyone's quality of life and includes three elements:  A ccess Participation Empowerment  (Yoon, 2022)

13. Livelihood opportunities for the persons with disabilities Rural livelihoods: Farm-based, Pisci -culture, Animal husbandry, Non-farm based (cottage industry, trading) Urban area options: Formal sector – government sector, private sector, small- scale industries Informal sector - with contractors, shops, establishments, in households Sheltered employment: For multiple and severely disabled persons Objective – provide fulfilment, job satisfaction and training on an ongoing basis for personal development in order that he realises his full potential Self-employment: By offering credit linkages (through microfinance in rural areas) and direct lending there are various ways of promoting self employment

14.   After care Regular follow up, health checkups, referrals Family, peer counselling Availability of assistive devices & maintenance Home maintenance and modifications including repairs/maintenance, installation of handrails and ramps G oods and equipment such as a walking frame or raised toilet seat Allied health including occupational therapy, dietitian services, and physiotherapy Counselling of person with disability Adaptation of home, workplace, school/academic institution as per the need of the person with disability

15. Thanks