COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING 2 MARKS STUDY MATERIAL

COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING 2 MARKS STUDY MATERIAL

1. COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
2- MARKS QUESTION AND ANSWER

1. Four Qualities of a Community Health Nurse
• Empathy and compassion
• Strong communication skills
• Cultural sensitivity
• Clinical competence
2. Four Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) ??????
• Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
• Achieve universal primary education
• Promote gender equality and empower women
• Reduce child mortality

3. Four Principles of Bag Technique ??????
• Maintain cleanliness and prevent cross-infection
• Use articles only when required
• Replace used items after each visit
• Organize contents for easy access

4. Steps in Planning Cycle ??????
• Assessment of needs
• Setting objectives
• Formulating plan
• Implementation and evaluation

5. Benefits of Dr. Muthulakshmi Reddy Maternity Benefit Scheme �
• Financial assistance for pregnant women
• Encourages institutional deliveries
• Improves maternal and child health
• Reduces maternal mortality rate

6. Definition – Women Empowerment ??????
Women empowerment refers to enhancing women’s ability to make strategic life choices, access resources, and participate fully in social,
economic, and political life.

7. Model Menu for Mid-Day School Meal ??????
• Rice or chapati

2. • Dal or vegetable curry
• Seasonal fruit (banana or guava)
• Boiled egg or milk

8. Four Benefits of ESI Scheme ??????
• Medical care for insured persons and families
• Maternity benefits
• Sickness and disability benefits
• Funeral expenses

9. Cold Chain Equipment in Universal Immunization Programme ❄️
• Ice-lined refrigerators (ILR)
• Deep freezers
• Vaccine carriers
• Cold boxes

10. Methods of Food Adulteration with Examples
• Mixing: Adding water to milk
• Substitution: Using synthetic milk instead of real milk
• Coloring: Adding non-permitted dyes to turmeric
• Decomposition: Selling stale or spoiled food as fresh

1. Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) �
The number of deaths of infants under one year of age per 1,000 live births in a given year.

2. Define Community Health Nursing ??????
Community Health Nursing is a field of nursing that focuses on promoting and protecting the health of populations through preventive, curative,
and rehabilitative services in community settings.

3. Warning Signs of Leprosy
• Numbness in hands or feet
• Skin patches with loss of sensation
• Muscle weakness or paralysis
• Thickened peripheral nerves

4. Aims of School Health Service ??????
• Promote physical and mental health of students
• Early detection and treatment of health problems

3. • Health education and awareness
• Create a safe and healthy school environment

5. Levels of Prevention
• Primordial Prevention: Preventing risk factors
• Primary Prevention: Health promotion and specific protection
• Secondary Prevention: Early diagnosis and prompt treatment
• Tertiary Prevention: Rehabilitation and disability limitation

6. Any Four Nursing Theories ??????
• Florence Nightingale’s Environmental Theory
• Dorothea Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory
• Hildegard Peplau’s Interpersonal Relations Theory
• Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring

7. Define Occupational Health ??????
Occupational Health is the promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental, and social well-being of workers in all
occupations.

8. Four Functions of Red Cross ??????
• Disaster relief and emergency response
• Blood donation services
• Health and hygiene promotion
• First aid training and education

9. Four Principles of Home Visit ??????
• Respect for patient’s privacy and dignity
• Proper planning and preparation
• Building trust and rapport
• Documentation and follow-up

10. Four Criteria for Selecting ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist) ??????‍
• Woman resident of the village
• Preferably aged 25–45 years
• Minimum education up to Class 8
• Good communication and leadership skills

1. Define Female Foeticide ??????�

4. Female foeticide is the illegal practice of aborting a fetus solely because it is female, often due to gender bias and societal preference for male
children.

2. Four Aspects of Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) ??????
• DOTS strategy (Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course)
• Free diagnosis and treatment
• Case detection through sputum microscopy
• Monitoring and evaluation of TB cases

3. Expand UNESCO ??????
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization

4. Four Aspects of the Twenty Point Programme �
• Eradication of poverty
• Expansion of education
• Health for all
• Clean drinking water

5. Four Objectives of ICDS Programme �??????
• Improve nutritional and health status of children under 6
• Reduce infant mortality and school dropout rates
• Provide health and nutrition education to mothers
• Enhance child development through preschool education

6. Four Community Nutrition Programs
• Mid-Day Meal Scheme
• Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS)
• National Nutrition Mission (POSHAN Abhiyaan)
• Vitamin A Supplementation Program

7. Formula to Calculate Crude Death Rate
[ \text{Crude Death Rate (CDR)} = \left( \frac{\text{Total deaths in a year}}{\text{Mid-year population}} \right) \times 1000 ]

8. Epidemiological Triad ??????
Here’s a simple representation:
Agent
/ \
/ \

5. / \
Host ----- Environment
• Agent: Cause of disease (e.g., bacteria, virus)
• Host: Person or animal affected
• Environment: External factors influencing disease spread

9. Meaning of Standing Orders �
Standing orders are pre-approved medical guidelines or protocols that allow nurses or health workers to perform specific procedures or
administer treatments without direct physician supervision.

10. Four Food Adulterants
• Water in milk
• Brick powder in chili powder
• Lead chromate in turmeric
• Soapstone in wheat flour

1. Two Functions of UNICEF ??????
• Provides immunization and healthcare services for children
• Supports education and child protection programs

2. Four Principles of Community Health Nursing ??????
• Equity and social justice
• Prevention and health promotion
• Community participation
• Intersectoral coordination

3. Warning Signs of Cancer
• Unexplained weight loss
• Persistent cough or hoarseness
• Change in bowel or bladder habits
• Unusual bleeding or discharge

4. Four High-Risk Conditions During Pregnancy
• Hypertension or preeclampsia
• Diabetes mellitus
• Severe anemia
• History of previous pregnancy complications

5. Preventive Measures of AIDS

6. • Use of condoms during sexual intercourse
• Avoid sharing needles or syringes
• Regular HIV testing and counseling
• Safe blood transfusion practices

6. Define Malnutrition
Malnutrition is a condition resulting from an imbalance in a person’s intake of nutrients—either deficiency or excess—affecting growth,
development, and health.

7. Define Community Health
Community Health refers to the collective well-being of a population, focusing on disease prevention, health promotion, and access to healthcare
services within a defined community.

8. Aims of Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) �
• Eliminate hunger and improve nutrition
• Promote sustainable agriculture
• Enhance food security
• Support rural development

9. Four Community Nutritional Programmes
• Mid-Day Meal Scheme
• Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS)
• National Nutrition Mission (POSHAN Abhiyaan)
• Vitamin A and Iron Supplementation Programs

10. Recommendation of Jungalwalla Committee
• Integration of health services at all levels
• Unified cadre for health workers
• Elimination of private practice by government doctors
• Improvement in service conditions and career prospects

1. Define Health Hazards
Health hazards are conditions or agents that have the potential to cause harm or adverse effects to human health, such as chemicals, biological
agents, or unsafe environments.

2. Four Records Maintained in the Sub Centre ??????
• Eligible couple and child register
• Antenatal and postnatal care register
• Immunization register

7. • Birth and death register

3. Four Reasons for Female Infanticide ????????????
• Preference for male children
• Dowry system
• Economic burden perception
• Lack of education and awareness

4. Define Standing Order �
Standing orders are pre-approved medical protocols that authorize health workers to carry out specific procedures or treatments without direct
physician supervision.

5. Components of ORS (Oral Rehydration Solution) ??????
• Sodium chloride
• Potassium chloride
• Glucose
• Sodium citrate or bicarbonate

6. What is Primary Prevention?
Primary prevention involves measures taken to prevent the onset of disease before it occurs, such as immunization, health education, and
lifestyle modifications.

7. Two Permanent Methods of Family Planning ??????‍ ??????‍ ??????
• Tubectomy (female sterilization)
• Vasectomy (male sterilization)

8. Two Health Problems of Elderly ��
• Osteoporosis and joint pain
• Hypertension or cardiovascular diseases

9. Sources of Vital Statistics �
• Civil registration system (birth and death records)
• Census data
• Sample registration system (SRS)
• Health surveys

8. 10. What is Farmer’s Lung? �??????
Farmer’s lung is an allergic respiratory disease caused by inhaling mold spores from hay, straw, or grain, leading to inflammation of the lungs.

1. Standing Order for Diarrhoea ??????
• Administer Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) immediately
• Refer to higher center if signs of dehydration persist or worsen

2. Uses of Epidemiology �
• Identifying causes and risk factors of diseases
• Planning and evaluating public health interventions
• Monitoring disease trends and outbreaks
• Guiding health policy and resource allocation

3. Common Physical and Psychological Changes in Old Age ��
Physical:
• Reduced mobility and joint stiffness
• Decline in vision and hearing
Psychological:
• Memory loss or cognitive decline
• Feelings of loneliness or depression

4. Health Problems of School Children ??????
• Nutritional deficiencies (e.g., anemia)
• Dental caries
• Worm infestations
• Vision and hearing problems

5. Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) �
A government scheme aimed at reducing maternal and neonatal mortality by promoting institutional deliveries among poor pregnant women
through financial incentives.

6. Farmer’s Lung �??????
An allergic respiratory condition caused by inhaling mold spores from hay, straw, or grain, leading to lung inflammation and breathing
difficulty.

9. 7. Define Active Case Detection ??????
Active case detection involves health workers proactively searching for cases of disease in the community, rather than waiting for patients to
report symptoms.

8. Cold Chain Equipments in Universal Immunization Programme ❄️
• Ice-lined refrigerators (ILR)
• Deep freezers
• Vaccine carriers
• Cold boxes

9. Four Components of Environmental Sanitation ??????
• Safe drinking water supply
• Proper waste disposal
• Clean housing and surroundings
• Vector control measures

10. Colombo Plan ??????
An intergovernmental organization established in 1950 to strengthen economic and social development in Asia and the Pacific through technical
cooperation and capacity building.

1. Four Functions of Primary Health Centre (PHC) ??????
• Provide medical care and treatment for common illnesses
• Implement national health programs (e.g., immunization)
• Conduct maternal and child health services
• Promote health education and sanitation

2. Four Functions of Under Five Clinic �
• Growth monitoring and nutritional assessment
• Immunization services
• Early detection and treatment of illnesses
• Health education for mothers

3. Two Maternity Benefits under ESI Act
• Paid maternity leave for insured women
• Medical care during pregnancy and confinement

4. Two Functions of UNICEF ??????

10. • Support child health and nutrition programs
• Promote education and child protection initiatives

5. Four Advantages of Breastfeeding ??????
• Provides ideal nutrition for infants
• Strengthens mother-child bonding
• Enhances immunity and protects against infections
• Reduces risk of chronic diseases in infants

6. Define Family Health Services ??????‍ ??????‍ ??????
Family Health Services refer to comprehensive healthcare provided to all family members, focusing on prevention, treatment, and health
promotion across all age groups.

7. Four Voluntary Health Agencies ??????
• Indian Red Cross Society
• Family Planning Association of India
• Tuberculosis Association of India
• Child Relief and You (CRY)

8. Four Effects of Population Explosion ??????
• Increased unemployment
• Pressure on natural resources
• Overcrowding and poor housing
• Strain on healthcare and education systems

9. Four Roles of ASHA Workers ??????‍
• Promote institutional deliveries and antenatal care
• Facilitate immunization and health awareness
• Provide basic first aid and health counseling
• Act as a link between community and health services

10. Four Functions of Female Health Worker (FHW) ??????
• Conduct home visits for maternal and child care
• Provide immunization and family planning services
• Maintain health records and registers
• Educate community on hygiene and nutrition

11. 1. Objectives of National Health Policy – 2015 ????????????
• Achieve universal access to quality healthcare
• Reduce maternal and infant mortality
• Control communicable and non-communicable diseases
• Promote health awareness and healthy lifestyles

2. Types of Management Information System (MIS) ??????
• Health Management Information System (HMIS)
• Financial Management Information System
• Human Resource Information System
• Logistics Management Information System

3. Functions of Primary Health Centre (PHC) ??????
• Provide outpatient and inpatient care
• Implement national health programs
• Conduct maternal and child health services
• Promote health education and sanitation

4. Four Functions of Under-Five Clinic �
• Immunization
• Growth monitoring
• Nutritional assessment
• Early detection of diseases

5. Sources of Vital Statistics �
• Civil registration system
• Census data
• Sample registration system (SRS)
• Health surveys

6. Functions of World Bank ??????
• Provide financial assistance for development projects
• Support poverty reduction programs
• Promote education and healthcare initiatives
• Encourage sustainable economic growth

7. Immunization Schedule (Birth to 12 Months) �
• At Birth: BCG, OPV-0, Hepatitis B-1
• 6 Weeks: DPT-1, OPV-1, Hepatitis B-2, Hib-1
• 10 Weeks: DPT-2, OPV-2, Hib-2

12. • 14 Weeks: DPT-3, OPV-3, Hepatitis B-3, Hib-3
• 9 Months: Measles, Vitamin A

8. Define Eligible Couple ??????‍ ??????‍ ??????
An eligible couple is a married couple where the wife is in the reproductive age group (15–49 years), and they are considered for family
planning services.

9. Causes for Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)
• Premature birth
• Infections (e.g., pneumonia, diarrhea)
• Birth asphyxia
• Malnutrition

10. Four Health Committees in India
• Bhore Committee (1946)
• Mudaliar Committee (1962)
• Chadha Committee (1963)
• Jungalwalla Committee (1967)

11. Functions of Central Council of Health and Family Welfare
• Advise on health policy formulation
• Coordinate health programs across states
• Promote uniform standards in healthcare
• Review progress of national health schemes

12. Elements of Primary Health Care
• Health education
• Promotion of food supply and nutrition
• Maternal and child health care
• Immunization

13. Alternative Health Care Systems �
• Ayurveda
• Siddha
• Unani
• Homeopathy

14. Warning Signs of Leprosy

13. • Numbness in limbs
• Skin patches with loss of sensation
• Muscle weakness
• Thickened peripheral nerves

15. Dr. Muthulakshmi Maternity Benefit Scheme
• Financial assistance for pregnant women
• Encourages institutional deliveries
• Improves maternal and child health
• Reduces maternal mortality

16. WHO’s Six Regional Organizations and Headquarters ??????
Region Headquarters
Africa Brazzaville, Congo
Americas Washington D.C., USA
South-East Asia New Delhi, India
Europe Copenhagen, Denmark
Eastern Med. Cairo, Egypt
Western Pacific Manila, Philippines

17. Model Menu for Mid-Day School Meal ??????
• Rice or chapati
• Dal or vegetable curry
• Seasonal fruit (banana/guava)
• Boiled egg or milk

18. Benefits of ESI Scheme ??????
• Free medical care for insured persons and families
• Maternity benefits
• Sickness and disability benefits
• Funeral expenses

19. Four National Health Agencies and Their Functions ????????????
• Indian Red Cross Society: Disaster relief and blood donation
• Family Planning Association of India: Reproductive health services
• Tuberculosis Association of India: TB awareness and control
• Child Relief and You (CRY): Child welfare and education

20. Methods of Food Adulteration with Examples
• Mixing: Water in milk
• Substitution: Synthetic milk instead of real milk
• Coloring: Non-permitted dyes in turmeric

14. • Decomposition: Selling stale food as fresh

1. Two Millennium Development Goals ??????
• Reduce child mortality
• Improve maternal health
2. Four Recommendations of Mudaliar Committee �
• Strengthen district hospitals
• Improve quality of health services
• Integrate health services
• Increase training facilities for health personnel
3. Four Qualities of Community Health Nurse
• Empathy and compassion
• Good communication skills
• Cultural sensitivity
• Clinical competence
4. Define Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) �
IMR is the number of deaths of infants under one year of age per 1,000 live births in a given year.
5. Coverage Population of Community Health Center (CHC) ??????
CHC covers approximately 80,000 to 1,20,000 population in plain areas and 60,000 to 80,000 in hilly/tribal areas.
6. Four Uses of Epidemiology ??????
• Identify causes of diseases
• Monitor disease trends
• Plan and evaluate health programs
• Guide public health policy
7. National Health Problems ????????????
• Malnutrition
• Communicable diseases (e.g., TB, malaria)
• Non-communicable diseases (e.g., diabetes, hypertension)
• Maternal and child health issues
8. Expansion of ASHA ??????‍
Accredited Social Health Activist
9. Functions of Defense Services (Health-related)
• Provide medical care to armed forces
• Manage military hospitals
• Conduct health surveillance
• Support disaster relief operations
10. Four Usages of Records and Reports ??????

15. • Monitor health trends
• Plan health interventions
• Evaluate program effectiveness
• Legal and administrative documentation

11. Define Community Health
Community Health refers to the health status and services provided to a defined population, focusing on prevention, promotion, and access to
care.
12. Four Types of Malarial Parasite
• Plasmodium falciparum
• Plasmodium vivax
• Plasmodium malariae
• Plasmodium ovale
13. Define Women Empowerment ??????
Women empowerment is the process of enabling women to make decisions, access resources, and participate fully in social, economic, and
political life.
14. Four Records Maintained in Primary Health Centre ??????
• Immunization register
• Antenatal care register
• Eligible couple register
• Birth and death register
15. Four Components in RCH Package �
• Maternal health
• Child health
• Family planning
• Adolescent health
16. What is Evidence-Based Approach? ??????
It is the use of current best scientific evidence in making decisions about patient care and public health interventions.
17. Four Major Health Problems in India ????????????
• Malnutrition
• Tuberculosis
• Diabetes
• Hypertension
18. Four Scope of Community Health Nursing
• Health education
• Disease prevention
• Family and maternal care
• Environmental health
19. Two Functions of Health Sub-Centre ??????
• Provide basic maternal and child health services

16. • Implement national health programs at grassroots level
20. Expand AYUSH �
Ayurveda, Yoga & Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy

21. Two Functions of Family Planning Association of India ??????‍ ??????‍ ??????
• Provide reproductive health services
• Promote awareness on family planning methods
22. Two Purposes of Standing Order �
• Guide health workers in emergency care
• Standardize treatment protocols
23. Define Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR)
MMR is the number of maternal deaths per 100,000 live births due to pregnancy-related causes.
24. Two Functions of Central Council of India
• Advise on national health policy
• Coordinate health programs across states
25. Four Uses of Management Information System (MIS) ??????
• Data collection and analysis
• Program monitoring
• Resource allocation
• Decision-making support
26. Four Principles of Bag Technique ??????
• Maintain cleanliness
• Prevent cross-infection
• Use articles only when needed
• Organize contents for easy access
27. Define Occupational Health ??????
Occupational health is the promotion and maintenance of physical, mental, and social well-being of workers in all occupations.
28. Four Adulterated Foods
• Water in milk
• Brick powder in chili powder
• Lead chromate in turmeric
• Soapstone in wheat flour
29. Vandemaadharam Scheme ????????????
A Tamil Nadu government initiative aimed at empowering women through financial assistance and self-help group promotion.
30. Four Causes of Blindness in India

17. • Cataract
• Glaucoma
• Vitamin A deficiency
• Diabetic retinopathy

1. Two Functions of Red Cross ??????
• Disaster relief and emergency response
• Blood donation and health services
2. Coverage Population of Primary Health Centre (PHC) ??????
• 30,000 in plain areas
• 20,000 in hilly/tribal/difficult areas
3. Four Components of Environmental Sanitation ??????
• Safe water supply
• Waste disposal
• Vector control
• Clean housing and surroundings
4. Four Recommendations of Bhore Committee (1946) �
• Integration of preventive and curative services
• Establishment of PHCs
• Development of health manpower
• Focus on health education
5. Define Epidemiology ??????
Epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in populations, and the application of this study
to control health problems.
6. Four Principles of Health Education ??????
• Interest and participation
• Comprehension
• Reinforcement
• Motivation
7. Define Cold Chain ❄️
Cold chain is a system of storing and transporting vaccines at recommended temperatures from the point of manufacture to the point of use.
8. Four Occupational Health Hazards
• Physical (noise, radiation)
• Chemical (toxins, fumes)
• Biological (infections)
• Psychological (stress, burnout)
9. Four Referral Services ??????
• Emergency obstetric care
• Specialized diagnostic services
• Management of complicated cases

18. • Rehabilitation services
10. Staffing Pattern of Health Sub-Centre ??????‍
• 1 Auxiliary Nurse Midwife (ANM)
• 1 Male Health Worker
• 1 ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist)

11. Define Community Health Nursing
Community Health Nursing is a field of nursing that focuses on promoting and protecting the health of populations through preventive, curative,
and rehabilitative services.
12. Four Functions of Community Health Centre (CHC) ??????
• Provide specialist services
• Serve as referral unit for PHCs
• Conduct surgeries and deliveries
• Implement national health programs
13. Four Health Committees in India
• Bhore Committee
• Mudaliar Committee
• Chadha Committee
• Jungalwalla Committee
14. Four Principles of Primary Health Care
• Equitable distribution
• Community participation
• Intersectoral coordination
• Appropriate technology
15. Problem Solving Approach
A systematic method of identifying a problem, analyzing its causes, developing solutions, implementing them, and evaluating outcomes.
16. Types of Waste ??????
• Biomedical waste
• Domestic waste
• Industrial waste
• E-waste
17. Importance of Home Visit ??????
• Builds trust with families
• Provides personalized care
• Enables early detection of health issues
• Promotes health education
18. Levels of Prevention
• Primordial
• Primary
• Secondary

19. • Tertiary
19. Four Reasons for Female Foeticide ????????????
• Gender bias and preference for male child
• Dowry system
• Economic burden perception
• Lack of education and awareness
20. Four Records Maintained in Sub Centre ??????
• Eligible couple register
• Immunization register
• Antenatal care register
• Birth and death register

21. Define Management Information System (MIS) ??????
MIS is a system that collects, processes, stores, and disseminates information to support decision-making and management in healthcare.
22. Maintenance of Health Records in PHC
• Regular updating of registers
• Safe storage and confidentiality
• Use for planning and evaluation
• Reporting to higher authorities
23. Components of ORS (Oral Rehydration Solution) ??????
• Sodium chloride
• Potassium chloride
• Glucose
• Sodium citrate
24. Objectives of ICDS Programme �
• Improve nutritional status of children
• Reduce infant and child mortality
• Provide health and nutrition education
• Enhance early childhood development
25. Four Data Collection Methods �
• Surveys
• Interviews
• Observations
• Focus group discussions
26. Define Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) �
IMR is the number of deaths of infants under one year of age per 1,000 live births in a given year.
27. Source of Vital Statistics �
• Civil registration system
• Census
• Sample registration system

20. • Health surveys
28. Elements of Communication
• Sender
• Message
• Medium
• Receiver
29. Define Standing Orders �
Standing orders are pre-approved protocols that allow health workers to perform specific procedures without direct supervision.
30. Common Causes of Maternal Death
• Hemorrhage
• Sepsis
• Hypertensive disorders
• Unsafe abortion

31. Four Voluntary Health Agencies ??????
• Indian Red Cross Society
• Family Planning Association of India
• Tuberculosis Association of India
• Child Relief and You (CRY)
32. Qualities of Community Health Nurse
• Compassion
• Communication skills
• Cultural sensitivity
• Clinical expertise
33. Four Principles of Health Education ??????
• Participation
• Comprehension
• Motivation
• Reinforcement
34. Define Epidemiology ??????
Epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related events in populations and the application of this study to control
health problems.
35. Alternative Systems of Medicine �
• Ayurveda
• Siddha
• Unani
• Homeopathy
36. Staffing Pattern of Sub Centre ??????‍
• 1 ANM
• 1 Male Health Worker

21. • 1 ASHA
37. Define Eligible Couple ??????‍ ??????‍ ??????
A married couple where the wife is in the reproductive age group (15–49 years), eligible for family planning services.
38. Functioning Bodies at Village Level
• Village Health Sanitation & Nutrition Committee (VHSNC)
• Self Help Groups (SHGs)
• Panchayati Raj Institutions
• ASHA workers
39. Four Occupational Hazards
• Physical (noise, heat)
• Chemical (toxins)
• Biological (infections)
• Psychological (stress)
40. Define Community Health Nursing ??????
Community Health Nursing is the practice of providing healthcare services to individuals, families, and communities to promote and maintain
health and prevent disease.


1. Directly Observed Treatment Short Course (DOTS) Chemotherapy
A TB control strategy where patients take anti-TB drugs under supervision to ensure adherence and prevent drug resistance.
� 2. Farmer’s Lung
An allergic respiratory disease caused by inhaling mold spores from hay or grain, leading to lung inflammation.
� 3. Mass Drug Administration in Filaria
Annual distribution of anti-filarial drugs (DEC + Albendazole) to entire eligible population to eliminate lymphatic filariasis.
� 4. Two Health Problems of Elderly
• Osteoarthritis
• Hypertension
5. Barriers to Communication
• Language differences
• Cultural misunderstandings
• Emotional interference
• Poor listening skills
?????? 6. Referral System
A structured process of transferring patients from lower to higher healthcare facilities for specialized care.
7. Two Food Adulterants

22. • Water in milk
• Brick powder in chili powder
?????? 8. Four Substances Commonly Abused
• Alcohol
• Tobacco
• Cannabis
• Prescription drugs
9. Two Objectives of National Mental Health Programme
• Provide accessible mental health care
• Promote mental health awareness and reduce stigma
� 10. Weaning
Gradual introduction of solid foods to an infant’s diet while reducing breast milk intake, typically starting at 6 months.

� 11. Uses of Epidemiology
• Identify disease patterns
• Plan public health interventions
• Evaluate health programs
• Guide health policy
??????‍ 12. Four Roles and Responsibilities of ASHA
• Promote institutional deliveries
• Facilitate immunization
• Provide basic health education
• Act as a link between community and health system
13. Define Child Abuse
Any physical, emotional, sexual harm or neglect inflicted on a child by a caregiver or other person.
� 14. What is DOTS?
A TB treatment strategy ensuring patients take medication under supervision to improve cure rates and prevent resistance.
?????? 15. Quarantine
Isolation of individuals exposed to infectious diseases to prevent transmission during the incubation period.
?????? 16. Immunization Schedule (Birth to Under Five)
• Birth: BCG, OPV-0, Hep B-1
• 6, 10, 14 weeks: DPT, OPV, Hep B, Hib
• 9 months: Measles, Vitamin A
• 16–24 months: DPT booster, OPV booster, MMR
• 5 years: DT
?????? 17. Four Methods of Health Education
• Lectures
• Group discussions

23. • Posters and charts
• Role plays
18. Standing Order for Fever
• Check temperature and hydration
• Administer paracetamol
• Refer if fever persists or worsens
19. Two Functions of Central Council of Health
• Advise on national health policy
• Coordinate health programs across states
20. Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR)
Number of maternal deaths per 100,000 live births due to pregnancy-related causes.

21. Four Nutritional Programmes in India
• Mid-Day Meal Scheme
• ICDS
• National Nutrition Mission (POSHAN Abhiyaan)
• Vitamin A Supplementation Programme
?????? 22. Four Functions of PHC
• Provide outpatient care
• Implement national health programs
• Conduct maternal and child health services
• Promote health education
??????‍ 23. Four Functions of Health Worker Female
• Antenatal and postnatal care
• Immunization
• Family planning services
• Health education
� 24. ICDS (Integrated Child Development Services)
A government program providing nutrition, health, and education services to children under 6 and pregnant/lactating women.
?????? 25. Two Qualities of Community Health Nurse
• Compassion
• Effective communication
� 26. Define Prevalence Rate
The total number of cases of a disease in a population at a given time per unit population.
27. Four Danger Signs of Postnatal Mother
• Heavy bleeding
• High fever
• Severe abdominal pain

24. • Foul-smelling vaginal discharge
?????? 28. Four Benefits of ESI Act
• Medical care
• Maternity benefits
• Sickness and disability benefits
• Funeral expenses
?????? 29. Four Effects of Population Explosion
• Unemployment
• Resource depletion
• Overcrowding
• Pressure on healthcare and education
30. Define Primary Health Care
Essential health care made universally accessible to individuals and families through community participation and affordable methods.

?????? 31. Define Home Visit
A planned visit by a health worker to a patient’s home to provide care, education, and follow-up services.
?????? 32. Define Epidemiology
Study of the distribution and determinants of health-related events in populations and application to control health problems.
� 33. Indicators of Malnutrition
• Low weight-for-age
• Stunted growth
• Wasting
• Micronutrient deficiencies
?????? 34. Vital Components of ORS
• Sodium chloride
• Potassium chloride
• Glucose
• Sodium citrate
?????? 35. Four Voluntary Health Agencies
• Indian Red Cross Society
• Family Planning Association of India
• Tuberculosis Association of India
• Child Relief and You (CRY)
� 36. Explain – GOBI F
Global strategy for child survival:
• Growth monitoring
• Oral rehydration
• Breastfeeding
• Immunization

25. • Female education
?????? 37. Objectives of RNTCP (Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme)
• Detect TB cases early
• Provide effective treatment
• Prevent drug resistance
• Reduce TB transmission
� 38. Define Vital Statistics
Data related to births, deaths, marriages, and diseases used for public health planning and evaluation.
?????? 39. Standing Order for Diarrhea
• Administer ORS immediately
• Monitor hydration status
• Refer if symptoms persist or worsen
40. Four Preventive Measures of Dengue
• Use mosquito nets and repellents
• Eliminate stagnant water
• Wear protective clothing
• Fogging and spraying insecticides


?????? Section III: Short Answer Questions (10 × 2 = 20)
1. Alternative Systems of Medicine
• Ayurveda
• Siddha
• Unani
• Homeopathy
• Yoga & Naturopathy
2. Four Communicable Disease Control Programmes
• National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP)
• National AIDS Control Programme (NACP)
• National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP)
• Universal Immunization Programme (UIP)
3. Four Voluntary Health Agencies
• Indian Red Cross Society
• Family Planning Association of India
• Child Relief and You (CRY)
• Tuberculosis Association of India
4. Four Purposes of Home Visit
• Assess health status in natural environment
• Provide health education and counseling
• Deliver nursing care and follow-up

26. • Build trust and rapport with families
5. What is Vande Mataram Scheme?
A maternal health initiative launched to promote institutional deliveries and reduce maternal mortality by providing free antenatal care and safe
delivery services.
6. Four Concepts of Primary Health Care
• Equitable distribution
• Community participation
• Intersectoral coordination
• Appropriate technology
7. Health Problems of Adolescents
• Nutritional deficiencies (e.g., anemia)
• Mental health issues
• Substance abuse
• Reproductive health concerns
8. Four Community Nutrition Programs
• Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS)
• Mid-Day Meal Scheme
• National Nutrition Mission (POSHAN Abhiyaan)
• Vitamin A Supplementation Program
9. Four Occupational Cancers
• Lung cancer (due to asbestos exposure)
• Skin cancer (due to chemical exposure)
• Bladder cancer (due to dye industry chemicals)
• Leukemia (due to benzene exposure)
10. Formula to Calculate Crude Death Rate
[ \text{Crude Death Rate} = \left( \frac{\text{Total deaths in a year}}{\text{Mid-year population}} \right) \times 1000 ]

?????? Additional Short Answer Set
11. Define Family Planning
Family planning refers to practices that help individuals and couples control the number and spacing of children through contraceptive methods
and reproductive health services.
12. Three Goals of Eleventh Five-Year Plan
• Reducing infant and maternal mortality
• Achieving universal access to education
• Ensuring environmental sustainability
13. Four Principles of Primary Health Care
• Accessibility
• Acceptability
• Affordability
• Accountability

27. 14. Objectives of School Health Programme
• Early detection of health issues
• Health education and promotion
• Immunization and nutrition support
• Mental and emotional well-being
15. Principles of Bag Technique
• Maintain cleanliness and hygiene
• Prevent cross-infection
• Organize supplies systematically
• Use aseptic techniques during procedures
16. Four Functions of WHO
• Provide leadership on global health matters
• Set international health standards
• Monitor and assess health trends
• Support countries in health emergencies
17. Define Active Case Detection
A method of identifying disease cases by actively searching in the community rather than waiting for individuals to report symptoms.
18. Three Uses of Growth Chart
• Monitor child’s physical development
• Detect growth abnormalities early
• Educate parents on nutrition and health
19. Four Points for Prevention of Anemia
• Iron-rich diet
• Iron and folic acid supplementation
• Deworming
• Nutrition education
20. Four Causes of Blindness in India
• Cataract
• Glaucoma
• Diabetic retinopathy
• Vitamin A deficiency