Community-Helpers-Educational-Presentation-In-Colorful-Illustrative-Style_20250903_061114_0000.pdf

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1. DEMOCRACY AND
CHAPTER FIVE:
DEMOCRATIC INSTITUTIONS

2. Motivational Activity
Look back at some of the
organizations you have been part
of as a voluntary member. It
could be a school or a community
organization.

3. 1. How did you choose the officers of the organization?
2. How do you arrive at decisions as an organization?
3. Can you think of better ways at arriving at a
consensus? Are there better ways of carrying out plans
and activities of the organization?

5. By the end of the lesson, learners should be able to:
1. Explain the concept of democracy and
distinguish between direct and representative
democracy.
2.Identify key contributions of Athenian society to
democratic practices.
3.Discuss the advantages of democracy over
authoritarian rule, using examples from
everyday life.
OBJECTIVES

6. LESSON 1 :
EXAMINING THE FOUNDATIONS OF
DEMOCRACY

7. INDIVIDUALS AND COMMUNITIES MAKE DECISIONS THROUGH
DISCUSSION, DELIBERATION, AND VOTING, HIGHLIGHTING THAT
MAJORITY RULE IS A FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLE OF DEMOCRACY.
INTERACTION AND DECISION-MAKING ARE ESSENTIAL IN BOTH
FAMILY AND COMMUNITY SETTINGS.
DELIBERATION HELPS RESOLVE DIFFERENCES AND REACH
CONSENSUS.
VOTING IS USED WHEN AGREEMENT ISN'T EASILY ACHIEVED, AND
THE MAJORITY'S CHOICE PREVAILS.
THIS DEMOCRATIC PROCESS APPLIES AT BOTH LOCAL AND
NATIONAL LEVELS.
DEMOCRACY REFLECTS THE PRINCIPLE THAT EACH CITIZEN'S VOTE
CARRIES EQUAL WEIGHT.

8. WHAT IS DEMOCRACY?

9. DEMOCROCY
COMES FROM GREEK “DEMOS” (PEOPLE) + “KRATOS” (RULE) = RULE OF
THE PEOPLE
MODERN DEMOCRACY EMPHASIZES:
?????? CONSENT OF THE GOVERNED
?????? RULE OF THE MAJORITY
?????? ACTIVE CITIZEN PARTICIPATION

10. DEMOCRACY
Robert Dahl focused on the
process of democracy rather
than just the idea
Here are his 5 essential criteria:

11. All adult members should
participate in elections.
Excludes only those with mental
disabilities.
Emphasizes universal suffrage
THE PROPLE or "DEMOS"

12. Citizens must decide what issues go on
the public agenda.
Ensures public power over what gets
discussed and voted on.
CONTROL OF THE AGENDA

13. Citizens should have access to
accurate information.
Promotes informed decision-making
for the good of society. ENLIGHTENED
UNDERSTANDING

14. People must be able to express
their preferences.
Encourage active involvement in
political and social life.
EFFECTIVE PARTICIPATION

15. Everyone vote must be equal in
weight.
No one's vote should count more
than another's.
EQUALITY IN VOTING PROCESS

16. Advantages of Democracy
PREVENTION OF TYRANNY-Democracy prevents
the rule of cruel and vicious autocrats.
PROTECTION OF ESSENTIAL RIGHTS- Democracy
privileges the protection and promotion of
fundamental civil rights.
GUARANTEE OF FREEDOM - ensures a large
degree of personal freedom, among of which
include freedom of expression and freedom of
religion.

17. Advantages of Democracy
SELF- PROTECTION - help people protect
their personal interest.
SELF-DETERMINATION- offers the greatest
for an individual to live by his or her self -
imposed rules.
MORAL AUTHORITY -exercising moral
responsibility .

18. Advantages of Democracy
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT - the well-being of
citizens and encourages investment in human
resources.
RESTRICTION OFF INEQUALITY - sustaining and
redressing economic and political inequalities.
PEACE-KEEPING - do not take the to war.
PROMISE OF PROSPERITY- more prosperous
then non-democracies.

19. Advantages of Democracy
PREVENTION OF TYRANNY-Democracy prevents
the rule of cruel and vicious autocrats.
PROTECTION OF ESSENTIAL RIGHTS- Democracy
privileges the protection and promotion of
fundamental civil rights.
GUARANTEE OF FREEDOM - ensures a large
degree of personal freedom, among of which
include freedom of expression and freedom of
religion.

20. Types of Democracy
DIRECT DEMOCRACY
-all members of polity gather together and
individual cast their vote.
-can only happen in small-scale societies and
their participation happens in public Assemblies
- often referred as "pure democracy" because
it's only works for states with small populations .

21. Types of Democracy
REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACY
-also referred to as " liberal democracies.
- in liberal democracy, individual freedom are
considered Paramount
- It is also called as "constitutional democracy"
by electing the head of the any executive
department.

22. Jean-Jacques
Rousseau Limits of
liberal
Democracy
Warned
against
public
apathy post
-election

23. Emphasized
active public
participation
Citizens must
be informed
and involved
consistently.
John Stuart Mill Limits of
liberal
Democracy

24. TIME TO
ACTIVITY Draw me !

25. Draw a scene that shows democracy
happening. You can draw people,
symbols, or even abstract shapes that
represent the feeling of democracy.
Add some message.

26. TIME FOR
ASSESSMENT

27. 1.WHERE THE
DEMOCRACY COME
FROM?

28. 2.HE FOCUSED ON
THE PROCESS OF
DEMOCRACY
RATHER THAN
JUST THE IDEA

29. 3-6. GIVE ATLEAST 4
CRITERIA FOR
DEMOCRACY OF DAHL

30. 6-8 .GIVE
ATLEAST 3
ADVANTAGEG OF
DEMOCRACY.

31. 9. THIS IS A TYPE OF
DEMOCRACY THAT ALL
MEMBERS OF A POLITY
GATHER TOGETHER
AND INDIVIDUAL CAST
THEIR VOTE.

32. 10. HE IS THE PERSON THE
WARNED AGAINST
PUBLIC POST -ELECTION.

33. Good job!Keep on learning!