Complementary feeding

This presentation briefly explain about weaning of Infants.

1. Weaning Diet or Complementary
Feeding
Presented By: MS. Rashmi Bharadwaj
Tutor(Child Health Nursing Department)
HCN, SRHU

2. OBJECTIVES
Attheendoflecturestudentswillbeableto:
•DefineweaningorComplementaryDiet.
•ExplainthereasontostartComplementarydietatageof6month.
•EnumeratethesignofbabytostartweaningorComplementary
diet.
•EnlistthePrinciplesofweaningorComplementarydiet.
•Enlisttheproblemsfacedbybabyduringweaningor
Complementarydiet.

3. INTRODUCTION
•Breastfeedingaloneisadequatetomaintain
growthanddevelopmentupto6months.And
complementaryfeedingshouldbegivento
maintaintheirgrowthanddevelopment
accordingtoage.Soitisnecessarytointroduce
moreconcentratedenergyrichednutritional
supplementsbythisage.

4. •Complementaryfeedingorweaningisthe
processofgivinganinfantotherfoods&
liquidsalongwithbreastmilkaftertheageof
6month,asbreastmilkaloneisnolonger
sufficienttomeetthenutritional
requirementsofgrowingbaby.
Definition

5. •Infant’sintestinaltractdevelops
immunologicallywithdefensemechanisms
toprotecttheinfantfromforeignproteins.
•Theinfant’sabilitytodigestandabsorb
proteins,fats,andcarbohydrates,otherthan
thoseinbreastmilkincreasesrapidly.
Why to start weaning at the age of 6
month?

6. •Theinfant’skidneysdeveloptheabilityto
excretethewasteproducts.
•Theinfantdevelopstheneuromuscular
mechanismsneededforrecognizingand
acceptingvariationnthetasteandcolorof
foods.
Why to start weaning at the age of 6
month?

7. Sign that Baby is ready for
Complementary Diet
•Holdhis/herheadstraightwhensitting
down.
•Openshis/hermouthwhenotherseat
•Isinterestedinfoodswhenotherseat.
Receivesfrequentbreastfeedbutappear
hungrysoonafter.
Isnotgainingweightadequately.

8. Principles for complementary Feeding
•Practiceexclusivebreastfeedingupto6month
ofageandintroducecomplementaryfood
after6monthofagealongwithbreast
feeding.
•Continuefrequentondemandbreastfeeding
until2yearsofageorbeyond.

9. •Practiceresponsivefeedingapplyingthe
principlesofpsychosocialcare.Feedinfants
slowlyandpatientlyandencouragethemto
eatbutdonotforcethem.Minimize
distractionsduringmeals.
Principles for complementary Feeding
Principles for complementary Feeding

10. •Practicegoodhygieneandproperfood
handlingtoreduceriskofdiarrhea.
•Startat6monthofagewithsmallamountsof
foodandincreasethequantityasthechild
getsolder,whilemaintainingbreastfeeding.
Principles for complementary Feeding
Principles for complementary Feeding

11. •Graduallyincreasefoodconsistencyand
varietyastheinfantgrowsolder,adaptingto
theinfant’srequirementsandabilities.
•Increasethenumberoftimesthechildisfed
complementaryfood,asthechildgetsolder.
Principles for complementary Feeding
Principles for complementary Feeding

12. •Feedvarietyofnutrientrichfoodstoensure
thatallnutrientsaremet.
•Givemicronutrientrichcomplementaryfoods
orvitaminsandmineralsupplementstothe
infantasneeded.
Principles for complementary Feeding
Principles for complementary Feeding

13. •Itisadvisabletostartoneortwoteaspoonsof
newfoodatfirstwhichshouldbegivenwhen
babyishungry,justbeforeregularfeeding
duringdaytime.
Principles for complementary Feeding
Principles for complementary Feeding

14. Preparation for Weaning Diet
•Washhands.
•Keep food in cleanutensils.
•Separate raw and cookedfood.
•Cook foodthoroughly.
•Keep food at safetemperatures.
•Use safe water and rawmaterial.
•Give freshly preparedfood.
•Keep the cooked foodcovered

15. Quantity and Frequency of Weaning
Diet
AGE ENERGY
NEEDEDIN
ADDITION
TO MILK
CONSISTENCYFREQUENCYAMOUNTAT
EACHMEAL
6 –8Month 200Kcal/dayStart withliquid2 –3timesStart with 2-
andproceed per day 3table
foods spoons per
feedand
increaseto
about 125ml

16. AGE ENERGY
NEEDEDIN
ADDITION
TO MILK
CONSISTENCYFREQUENCYAMOUNTAT
EACHMEAL
9 –11 300Kcal/dayFinely 3 –4 timesaHalf cupof
months choppedorday 250 mlcup.
mashed
foods.
12 –23 550Kcal/daySolidfamily3 –4 timesa1/4 th tofull
months foods, day 250mlcup
choppedor
mashed.
Quantity and Frequency of Weaning
Diet

17. Problems During Weaning
•Ifonstartingweaning,breastfeedingis
stoppedsuddenly,itcanhaveadverse
psychologicaleffectonthechild.
•Weaningfood,ifpreparedunhygienicallyor
notdigestedproperlycancausediarrhea.

18. •Ifweaningfoodarenotnutrientrich,thechild
candevelopmalnutrition.
•Childrenmaydevelopindigestion,abdominal
pain,diarrheaorrashesiftheyareallergicto
certainfoods.
Problems During Weaning

19. Summary
•Complementary feeding should be given to
maintain their growth and development
according to age .Infant also need iron
containing food supplements to prevent iron
deficiencyanaemia.

20. REFRENCES
•EssentialsofPediatricsNursing–ByRimple
Sharma
•TextbookofPediatricNursing,-ByDorothy.R
Marlow