complete notes for class 10 students on Electricity-1.pptx

electricity class 10

1. We know that flowing water constitute water current in rivers. Water current

2. Similarly if the electric charge flows through a conductor. Example, a metallic wire we say that there is electric current in the conductor.

3. A torch gives light only when its switch is on. A switch makes a conducting link between the cell and the bulb. A continuous enclosed path of an electric current is called electric circuit.

4. Define electric current. (1/5, Board Term 1,2017) Answer: Electric current is the amount of charge flowing through a particular area in unit time. What does an electric circuit mean? A continuous closed path made of electric components through which an electric current flows is known as an electric circuit. A simple circuit consists of the following components: Conductors, Cell, Switch, Load

5. Electric current It is the flow of electrons through a conductor. The device which causes the flow of electrons th r oug h a conducto r is calle d a cell.

6. Electric current is expressed as the rate of flow of charges through a conductor . or the quantity of charges flowing through a conductor in unit time. I = Q t I – current Q – quantity o f charge t – time The S I uni t o f electri c charg e is coulom b (C). One coulomb of charge contains 6x10 ¹ ⁸ electrons. Electric current

7. The S I uni t o f curr e n t is c a lled a mper e (A). Direction of current Electronic current Conventional current One ampere is the current flowing through a conductor if 1 coulomb of charg e flows through it in 1 second. 1c oul omb 1ampere = 1 second Electric current

8. Electri c Cu r rent is mea s ured by an ammeter. It is always connected in series in a circuit. AMME T ER

9. Electric potential and Potential difference Electric current will flow through a conductor only if there is a difference in the electric potential between the two ends o f the conductor . This difference in electri c potential between the two ends of a conductor is called potential difference.

10. Electric potential and Potential difference The potential difference in a circuit is provided by a cell or battery. The chemical reaction in the cell produces a potential difference between the two terminals and sets the electrons in motion and produces electric current. When will the charges flow in this copper wire?

11. Potential difference Potential difference :- between two points A and B of a conductor is the amoun t o f work don e to move a uni t charg e from A to B. Work done W Potential difference = or V = Charge Q The S I uni t o f potentia l difference is vol t (V). One volt is the potential difference when 1 joule of work is done to move a charg e o f 1 coulom b from on e poin t to the other. 1 joule 1J 1 vol t = o r 1 V = 1 coulomb 1C

12. V oltmet e r It is alway s connecte d in parallel across the two point between which the potential difference is to be measured. Potential difference is measured by a voltmeter.

13. Electric circuit A sch ematic diagram of an electric circuit comprising of a cell, electric bulb , ammeter and plug key. A + - + - bulb c e ll ammeter plug key Electric circuit :- is a continuous and closed path of an electric current.

14. Answer the following questions in your Physics note book:- Define electric current. Write the expression for electric current. Name the device which provides the flow of electrons in a conductor. Name the unit of charge. How many electrons does one coulomb of ch a D B r S S ge conta i n?

15. Answer the following questions in your Physics note book:- Define electric potential. Write the expression for electric potential. Name the device used to measure electric potential. Q.9 Name the device used to measure electric current. Q.10. How is an ammeter and a voltmeter connected in a circuit? D B SS

16. Answer the following questions in your Physics note book:- Draw the electric symbols from page 203 of your textbook in your notebook. Write the answers to questions on page 200 and 202. D B SS