Complex to simple

1. Complex to simple Rule-1: if the subject of two clause of complex sentence including since/as/when is same and both clause have main verb then you have to make it into simple by following the given formula : V+ ing of 1 st clause + the rest of the verb + comma + 1 st clause ar subject + the rest

2. Example: Since the old man killed the bird, he brought bad luck to the crew. Killing the bird, the old man brought bad luck to the crew. When the thief saw the police, he ran away. Seeing the police, the thief ran away. As I had forgotten him, I went out. Forgetting him, I went out.

3. Different: when the mutton chop arrived, she took me to task. On the arrival of mutton chop, she took me to task. Rule-2: if the subject of two clause is different and 1 st clause has am/is/are/was/were/has/have/had then to make simple follow the rule given. Eliminate the since/as/when + in replace of am/is/are/was/were use being or has/have/had use having + 2 nd clause.

4. Example: Since the weather was very cold, there were no birds and animals in the snow covered country. The weather being very cold, there were no birds and animals in the snow covered country. When the meeting was over, we went back home. The meeting being over, we went back home.

5. Rule-3: if the subject of the two clause is same and the subordinate clause has be verb ( am/is/are/was/were/has/have/had) then make it simple in the following way. Because of in replace of since/as + the possessive form of subject of 1 st clause + being in replace of (am/is/are/was/were) or having in replace of (has/have/had) + the rest + comma + 2 nd clause Example: Since he was small, he could not work hard.

6. Because of his being small, he could not work hard. Selim was loved by the teachers as he had integrity. Selim was loved by the teachers because of his having integrity. Rule-4: the rule of making simple including relative pronoun in complex sentence. Write from beginning up to the relative pronoun +eliminate the relative pronoun + eliminate the be verb + main verb + ing +the rest

7. Example: The writer lived in a cabin that belonged to the orphanage. The writer lived in a cabin belonging to the orphanage. A solar pond that absorbs heat from the sun can cook our food. A solar pond absorbing heat from the sun can cook our food. Village women who are sitting on the walkways may enjoy gossiping. Village women sitting on the walkways may enjoy gossiping.

8. Rule-5: the rule of making simple including when in complex sentence which indicates time. Eliminate the when + eliminate the subject and verb after when + little time at/in + season in + age at the age of Example: When it was daylight, I was half awakened by the sound of chopping . At daylight, I was half awakened by the sound of chopping. When it is spring, the cuckoo sings.

9. In spring, the cuckoo sings. When he was four, he left his village . At the age of four, he left the village. But if the when doesn’t mean time rather than it means something is doing then at the of + v + ing + the rest Example: When it was raining, he woke up. At the time of raining, he woke up.

10. If the personal subject is used in subordinate clause including when then to make simple use possessive pronoun. Example: When they were playing, it began to rain. At the time of their playing, it began to rain. When I was eating, he came. At the time of my eating, he came.

11. Rule-6: to make simple of conditional sentence including if negative complex sentence. Without + v + ing + rest + 2 nd clause Example: If you don’t work hard, you will not prosper in life. Without working hard, you will not prosper in life. If you don’t read attentively, you will not pass in the exam.

12. Without reading attentively, you will not pass in the exam. If the clause is affirmative then use by in replace of without. Example: If you work hard, you can succeed in life. By working hard, you can succeed in life. Rule-7: to make simple including so that in complex sentence. Write from beginning up to so + eliminate so up to may/might/can/could + to + the rest of the sentence.

13. Example: He worked hard so that he could proper in life. He worked hard to prosper in life. I read more so that I can make a good result. I read more to make a good result.

14. Rule-8: to convert complex sentence into simple including so…………..that use the following rule. Use too in replace of so + place the same thing up to that + eliminate from that to not + to + the rest Example: He is so weak that he cannot walk. He is too weak to walk.

15. Rule-9 : to convert complex sentence into simple including though/although use the following rule. Use inspite of in replace of though/although + possessive form of subject + being in replace of am/is/are/was/were or having in replace of has/have/had or ( v+ing ) + the rest + 2 nd clause Example: Though he tried heart and soul, he could not pass in the exam. In spite of his trying heart and soul, he could not pass in the exam. Although the man has vast riches, he wants more. In spite of having vast riches, the man wants more.