Componential-Analysis.pptx

Componential analysis (feature analysis or contrast analysis) is the analysis of words through structured sets of semantic features, which are given as "present", "absent" or "indifferent with reference to feature". The method thus departs from the principle of compositionality. Componential analysis is a method typical of structural semantics which analyzes the components of a word's meaning.

1. COMPONENTIAL ANALYSIS

2. Define componential analysis of semantics Discuss componential analysis in terms of conceptual and connotational meaning Explain the role of context in understanding the conceptual and connotational meaning Share experiences that shows the flow of communication using conceptual and connotational meaning Objectives:

3. Componential analysis of semantics Conceptual and connotational meaning of language The role of context in understanding the conceptual and connotational meaning Session Contents:

4. Feature analysis or contrast analysis It is the analysis of words through structured sets of semantic features, which are given as " present ", " absent " or " indifferent with reference to feature ". The method thus departs from the principle of compositionality. Componential Analysis

5. Words can be analyzed and described in terms of their semantic components, which usually come in pairs called semantic oppositions : For example, "Up" and "Down,“ - Up (vertical direction - plus) - Down (vertical direction – minus) Componential Analysis

6. Using the symbol of + (a present feature) and – (an absent feature) man = [+ MALE], [+ MATURE] woman = [– MALE], [+ MATURE] boy = [+ MALE], [– MATURE] girl = [– MALE] [– MATURE] child = [+/– MALE] [– MATURE].. Componential Analysis in Conceptual Meaning

7. Composition Powered Carries people Four-Wheeler Petrol Two-wheeler Bus + + + + - Car + + + + - Van + + + + - Bicycle - + - - + Train + + - + - Plane + + - + - Wagon + + - + - Ambulance + + + + - Componential Analysis using Conceptual Meaning

8. Componential Analysis Composition Adult Non-adult Male Female Living Non- Living Four-legged Boy Girl Man Woman Book Dog Office https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1imUMon7-_mcyc-V_5YqBfEuL82mWLHCvrTGrKr5psX0/edit#slide=id.p Directions: Fill in the box with plus (+) if the feature is present and minus(-) if the feature is not present.

9. Composition Adult Non-adult Male Female Living Non- Living Four-legged Boy - + + - + - - Girl - + - + + - - Man + - + - + - - Woman + - - + + - - Book - - - - - + - Dog + - + - + - + Office - - - - - + - Componential Analysis in Conceptual Meaning

10. Connotative meaning is concerned with the communicative value and expression by virtue of what it refers to over its purely conceptual content. The real-world experience one associates with an expression when one uses or hears it. For example, a baby, the meaning of the word baby reflect at drawing of a baby or an imitation of a baby cry Componential Analysis in Connotative Meaning

11. The real-world experience one associates with an expression when one uses or hears it. A woman, for example, in the past the connotative of woman were known as , frail, cowardly, emotional, irrational, and other weak or low connotations . And hundred years ago woman was considered to be one who was not wearing trousers . Today these have been changing or at least some of these characteristics cannot be entailed to woman. Componential Analysis in Connotative Meaning

12. Connotative meaning can not be determined in a similar way to the conceptual meaning which is codified in terms of a limited set of symbols (like contrastive features). Connotative is on par with our knowledge of the universe which is also open-ended. Componential Analysis in Connotative Meaning

13. Componential Analysis in Connotative Meaning Composition Conceptual Meaning (Original Meaning) Connotative Meaning Boy A human young male A human that needs guidance Woman A human adult female A human that needs support from men or A human that bears all the pain and struggles or A human that is weak and vulnerable to abuse

14. Context in the language is what surrounds a word or piece of text. However, to understand what is really going on, we may need to go beyond what is said or written. A simple phrase, such as "I hate you" can mean exactly the opposite. All kinds of clues are needed to understand what has been said. Along with verbal communication comes non-verbal communication. Componential Analysis and the Role of Contextual Language

15. To summarize, one word can have basic underlying meanings that are well-established depending on the cultural context. It is crucial to understand these underlying meanings in order to fully understand any language and culture. Componential Analysis

16. Componential analysis provides insight into the meaning of words and a way to study the relationships between words that are related to meaning. Componential Analysis

17. Cite a particular experience in your life that you misunderstood the messages you heard. How did the misunderstanding affect you and others? How did you patch up the misunderstanding? Sharing of experiences:

18. As teachers, what is the sense of learning conceptual and connotational meaning of language? What is its implication to our language classroom? Sharing of experiences:

19. Date: 04-22-2021 Version: V2 DC No: -QMR--051 Thank you for listening…