Constructivist approach

Constructivist Approach- Meaning, Characteristics,Phases of learning, Activities,Role of Teacher, Merits, Demerits

1. C on s truc ti v ist Approach By Ms Minakshi Jaswal Assistant Professor

2. “ Y ou cannot teach a man anything; Y o u c a n onl y h e l p hi m f in d i t w i t hi n him s e l f ”

3. Main Theorists. John Dewey (1933/1998) is often cited as the philosophical founder of this approach. Bruner (1990) and  Piaget  (1972) are considered the chief theorists among the cognitive constructivists, while  Vygotsky  (1978) is the major theorist among the social constructivists. Constructivism  was an artistic and architectural philosophy that originated in Russia beginning in 1913 by Vladimir Tatlin . This was a rejection of the idea of autonomous art. He wanted 'to construct' art. The psychological roots of  constructivism began  with the developmental work of Jean Piaget (1896–1980), who developed a  theory  (the  theory  of genetic epistemology) that analogized the development of the mind to evolutionary biological development and highlighted the adaptive function of cognition. Constructivism

4. The 21st century classroom is filled with a vibrant assortment of learners. Students come from different types of socio economic backgrounds, with culturally experience, and learning styles. These dynamics create a challenge for teachers. Te a c h in g m o s t a l w a y s b e a d j u s t e d t o t h e l e ve l o f t h e p u p i ls . S o constructivist way of teaching be promoted in the class room. Constructivism

5. Constructivism Constructivism says that people construct their own understanding and knowledge of the world through experiencing things and reflecting on those experiences .

6. Constructivism based on the belief that learning occurs as learners are actively involved in a process of meaning and knowledge construction rather than passively receiving information

7. Constructivism Learning is an active process Knowledge is constructed from (and shaped by) experience Learning is a personal interpretation of the world

8. According to Brader - Araje and Jones (2002), Constructivism can be defined as “the idea that development of understanding requires the learner to actively engage in meaning –making”. Definition

9. Characteristics According to Audrey Gray the learners are actively involved . the environment is democratic . the activities are interactive and student- centered . the teacher facilitates a process of learning in which students are encouraged to be responsible and autonomous .

10. ENGAGE - to start the process. EXPLORE - provide students w/ a common base of experience. Students will be able to identify & develop concepts, processes & skills. EXPLAIN - opportunities to verbalize students conceptual understanding / to demonstrate new kills/behaviour and also provides an opportunities for teachers to introduce formal terms, definitions, & explanations for concepts, etc. 5 E’S Phases of learning in Constructivist Approach

11. ELABORATE - extend student’s conceptual understanding & allows them to practice skills & behaviours. EVALUATE- encourage learners & assess their understanding & abilities & lets teachers evaluate students understanding of key concepts & skill development. 5 E’S Phases of learning in Constructivist Approach

12. A c ti v it i es FILMS CLASS DISCUSSION FIELD TRIPS RESEARCH PROJECT EXPERIMENTATION

13. Fi l ms P rovide visual context and thus bring another sense into the learning experience

14. Class Discussion one of the most important distinctions of constructivist teaching methods

15. Field Trips A llows students to put the concepts and ideas discussed in class in a real- world context. FIELD TRIPS

16. Research Projects S tudents research a topic and can present their findings to the class

17. Experimentation S tudents research a topic and can present their findings to the class

18. Role of Teachers

19. the most commonly used instructional strategy M o de l i n g Modeling There are two (2) types of modeling: 1.Behavioral Modeling 2.Cognitive Modeling

20. naturally and necessarily involves responses that are situated in the learner’s task performance C o a c h i ng Coaching

21. a more systemic approach to supporting the learner, focusing on the task, the environment, the teacher, and the learner S c a ff o l d i n g Scaffolding

22. Assessment Methods

23. Children learn more and enjoy learning. Promote divergent thinking. Education works best when it concentrates on thinking and understanding rather than on rote memorization. Boost the confidence of learners. Constructivism concentrates on how to think and Understand. Promote collaborative learning Constructivism gives students ownership of what they learn, Since learning is based on students. E n g a gi n g t h e cre a t i ve in s t i n cts d ev e lo p s s t u de n t ’ s ab i l i t i e s t o expr e ss knowledge through a variety of ways.  Merits

24. A shift in learning as this theory challenges the traditional beliefs about learning and knowledge. Trained Teachers are required for this learning approach. Lots of pre planning required for this learning approach. It is time consuming approach. Teacher cannot teach every topic with the help of this approach. This approach cannot be applied to small children. Lack of resources available. Whole syllabus cannot completed with this approach. Demerits

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