COPD, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, is a group of progressive lung diseases that make it difficult to breathe.

COPD, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, is a group of progressive lung diseases that make it difficult to breathe. Its main forms are chronic bronchitis and emphysema, and symptoms include shortness of breath, a persistent cough with mucus, wheezing, and chest tightness. While it is often preventable and its progression can be slowed, there is no cure, but treatments can manage symptoms and improve quality of life.
Symptoms
Shortness of breath, which may initially only occur with exercise
A persistent, chesty cough, often with phlegm
Frequent chest infections
Wheezing
Chest tightness
Causes and risk factors
The primary cause is long-term exposure to irritants that damage the lungs, with smoking being the most common cause.
Other irritants include secondhand smoke, air pollution, chemical fumes, and dust, often from occupational exposure.
Treatment and management
Medication: Bronchodilators and other medications can help with symptoms.
Oxygen therapy: May be needed for those with low oxygen levels.
Pulmonary rehabilitation: A program that includes exercise, breathing techniques, and education.
Lifestyle changes: Quitting smoking is the single most important step to prevent further damage and can help manage symptoms.
Prevention
Avoid smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke.
Use protective gear when working with lung irritants like dust and chemicals.
Limit exposure to air pollution.

1. CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD ) Presented By: Radhika Kulvi M.Sc(N) 2 nd year

2. MEANING Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lungs.

3. DEFINITION Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a type of progressive lung disease characterized by long-term respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation.