Copy of Group 1 (1st & 2nd Year of Hijrah) Presentation.pdf

first and second year of hijra. Islamiyat

1. ﺎﺒﺣﺮﻣ

First and Second
Year of Hijra

ﺎﺒﺣﺮﻣ

By: Group 1
Class : 10A3

2. Table of contents (First Year)
In this topic you will be able to
learn about the brotherhood in
the time of the prophet.
In this topic you will
understand about the first ever
mosque built in Madinah

01. 03.
Azaan (Call for
prayers)
In this topic you will be able to
understand how the first Azaan
was called

02.
The Treaty of
Madinah
Here you will be able to learn
about the treaty between the
Jews and Muslims

04.
Construction of
Masjid Brotherhood

3. Table of contents (2nd Year)
In this topic we will learn the
treaty between the Jews and the
Muslims in Madinah
In this topic we will learn about
the concept of fasting, zakat,
prayer and sacrifice.
05. 07.
Changing the Qibla
In this topic, we’ll learn about
the direction all muslims from
around the world pray toward.
06.
Battle of Badr
In this topic you will learn about
the first battle in muslim history.
08.
Fasting, Zakat, Eid
Prayer and Sacrifice


Treaty of Madinah

4. First year of Hijra

5. Construction of the Masjid??????
Building a masjid was the Holy Prophet's (PBUH) first action upon arriving in Madinah.
The land, which belonged to two orphans (Sahal and Sohail), was bought for ten gold
coins once a good site was found.

The Masjid had a square shape, with each side measuring roughly fifty meters and
faced north. The Masjid's roof was covered in palm leaves and twigs, held up by the
trunks of palm trees, and its walls were constructed of mud bricks. Additionally, palm
leaves made up the floor.

6. Construction of the Masjid?????? (2)

A location was set apart for the Holy Prophet's (PBUH) companions who devoted their entire
time to religious studies to the north of the mosque. They were referred to as "the People of
the Platform" or "Ashab As-suffah." This was the Islamic world's first school and it was a part
of the masjid. Two apartments were built next to the mosque for the Holy Prophet's (PBUH)
family.

The Muslims gathered in this modest building known as the Masjid five times a day to engage
in communal devotion and receive teachings from the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). After
careful consideration and consultation, the Masjid made all choices and missions. For the
Muslims of Madinah, it functioned as their political, social, cultural, educational, and spiritual
hub.

7. Azaan (Call for Prayers)
A problem emerged which was they didn't know how to call muslims for salah. Other
religions had unique ways of calling for prayer. For example, the Jews blew trumpets
and the Christians by striked bells. But the prophet was not fond of these ideas.
Hazrat Umar and Hazrat Bilal both thought about the wording of Azaan, which the
Prophet (PBUH) approved of.
For calling out people for congregational prayer. Hazrat Bilal was appointed as the first
'Muazzin' to summon the worshippers for the obligatory congregational prayers.

8. Allah's Prophet said,
"Whenever you hear
the Adhan, say what
the Mu'adhdhin is
saying.


-Narrated Abu Said Al-Khudri

9. Brotherhood
The Muhajireen arrived to madinah in a state of helplessness. They left everything behind for the
sake of their faith in Madinah. A great number of them were in a state of great distress, therefore
the Prophet (PBUH) established the brotherhood between Muhajireen and Ansar to motivate his
followers for the upcoming challenges. This brotherhood is also known as 'Mawakhat. Each Ansar
became the brother of a Muhajir and shared wealth and property with his
new brother-in-faith. Allah paid tribute to both the Muhajireen and the Ansar for their
sacrifices and cooperative behavior and character in the following verse from surah Al-Anfal(8:72):
"Undoubtedly, those who believed and migrated for Allah and fought with their
wealth and their lives in the Way of Allah, and those who gave shelter and helped,
they are heirs of one another".

10. Surah An-Nahl (Ayah 41-42);

11. The Treaty of Madinah


The prophet’s attention was turned into establishing a friendly relation between
the Jews of Madinah and the Mujahireen so they can co-exist peacefully in the
City of Medinah and this treaty completely changed the political, social and
religious aspects of the City; uniting the city of fighting tribes and bonding them,
so the life of every person is in safe hands and this gave the authority to the
prophet making him the supreme commander and lawgiver.

12. The treaty that the Prophet (PBUH) had made
with the Jews followed these conditions:


1. From a political standpoint, Muslims and Jews form one nation. Together, they will defend
Madinah in the event of an invasion.
2. The Quraish of Makkah and their allies against Muslims would not find sanctuary among the Jews
of Madinah.
3. The decision made by the Holy Prophet (PBUH) in circumstances of disagreements and conflicts
between two groups of people is final and unchallengeable.
4. In the event of an attack, Muslims and Jews will support one another.
5. The inhabitants of Madinah as a whole will split the costs of the conflict and pool their gains.
6. Murder and killing in Madinah will be prohibited.
7. The Jews and the Muslims are free to follow their religions. They will show
respect and tolerance toward each other.

13. Surah Al-Anfaal Ayat 72

14. Second Year of Hijra

15. Fasting, Zakat, Eid Prayer and Sacrifice
After the Hijra, fasting was made mandatory for the month of Ramadan, exactly
eighteen months later. According to the Holy Quran, "O you who believe!
Fasting is prescribed to you as it was prescribed to those before you so that you may
(learn) self-restraint" (2:183).

It was also in this year that Allah made the payment of Zakat mandatory.
The Holy Quran states it as: "And spend in the Way of Allah and cause not destruction
by your own hands, and do good. Surely, Allah loves those who are kind" (2:195). That
year also saw the offering of the first congregational Eid prayer and the observance of
the "Sadaqat al-Fitr" (Alms on the occasion of Eid).

16. Changing the Qibla
The direction a Muslim faces during prayer is known as the Qibla.
As the Holy Prophet (PBUH) moved to Madinah, Al-Aqsa Masjid was the first Qibla. Because the
Holy Prophet (PBUH) desired to face the Ka’bah when praying, this was a temporary situation.

The Holy Quran states that Allah Almighty accepted the request of his beloved Prophet (PBUH) and
stated the following: "Surely, We have observed you turning your face (O
Muhammad) towards heaven repeatedly, and We will surely turn you to a Qibla
with which you will be pleased. So, turn your face towards the Sacred Masjid
(Kabah) at once, and wherever you (believers) are, turn your face towards it"
(2:144).

17. Al-Baqarah Ayat 144

18. 1.Conflicts between the Muslims and the Quraysh: There was an ongoing conflict
between the Muslims and Quraysh, where the tribes leaders of Quraish had oppressed
the Muslims which sparked the conflict in the beginning. The migration to Madinah
burdened the Quraysh, where the establishment of the muslims community had
weakened the authority and power of the Quraysh in the respective area.
2.The jeopardization of the Quraysh economic superiority: One of the reasons for the
Quraysh to indicate their need for war is the growing influence of Muslims in important
trade routes of Arabia. The emergence of Islam and the growing number of its
population had challenged the superiority of the economic interest of the Orthodox
arabs at the time. The powerful Quraysh had also held high positions in Makkah, as
they control the religious pilgrimage and multiple trading ports/areas which
subsequently improved their wealth status. The conversion of arabian people to muslim
had possibly threatened their wealthy and high status in the arab hierarchy.
3.

The causes and reasons which led to the battle of
Badr

19. 3. Interception of the Quraysh Caravan and attempts of attacking Abu
Sufyan’s caravan: Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) had sent Abdullah Ibn Jahsh
to monitor the doings of the Quraysh as they are seen as potential threats,
where Abdullah would attack the Quraysh at Nakhla and assassinate the
leader by the name of Amr Ibn Hazrami, the Muslims had also gained
multiple loots from the raid. There was another attempted raid on Abu
Sufyan, but it was not commenced as intended where the caravan of the
latter had successfully escape in time.
4. Abu Jahl gathers forces made up of Ghatafan and Quraish origins Abu
Sufyan’s messenger had: Abu Sufyan’s messenger would be sent to Makkah
to request for a rescue party after Abu Sufyan’s caravan had suspected a
raid from the muslims. Fortunately for the Quraysh, the caravan had
successfully escaped in time but the current hatred and tension between the
2 sides were ignited fully, which in return caused Abu Jahl to accumulate
forces with a clear objective to suppress the muslims once and for all.

20. Surah Al Baqara (Ayat 190)

21. Battle of Badr
Abu Jahl gathered around 1000 men (200 horse and 700 camels) thinking Abu
Sufyan was attacked, but still insisted on attacking anyway due to the great
tension between him and prophet Muhammad. The Prophet gathered 313 men
(2 horses and 70 camels) for the battle. The Muslims set themselves on the
steep hill of Badr whilst the Quraysh were on flat plains of the sand. As usual,
they held traditional duels, Utbah Ibn Rabi’ah, Shaybah Ibn Rabi’ah and
Shaybah Ibn Utbah battled, battled with Hamza, Ali and Ubaydah. Great
tactics, high morale, and the divine help of Allah became crucial factors that
led the Muslims to victory. At the end of the battle, 70 men of Quraysh died
and 14 muslims were martyred. The muslims were able to take 70 men as
captives, 115 camels, 14 horses and clothes