COT 1 Philippine Politics and Governance .pptx

Revolt and Philippine Republic

1. Philippine Politics and Governance Christopher D. Cadiam

2. Learning Objectives

3. Learning Objectives: distinguish Philippine politics from different era;

4. Learning Objectives: distinguish Philippine politics from different era; analyze the impact of history on politics;

5. Learning Objectives: distinguish Philippine politics from different era; analyze the impact of history on politics; identify important political structures and institutions that developed overtime; and

6. Learning Objectives: distinguish Philippine politics from different era; analyze the impact of history on politics; identify important political structures and institutions that developed overtime; and DETERMINE THE INFLUENCES OF COLONIZERS TO PHILIPPINE POLITICS

7. Learning Objectives: distinguish Philippine politics from different era; analyze the impact of history on politics; identify important political structures and institutions that developed overtime; and determine the influences of colonizers to Philippine politics

8. review

9. revolt Early Filipino Uprising REASONS FOR THE UPRISING 1. Changes in the structure of government 2. Political and Economic Policies 3. Social Stratification 4. Abusive treatment of and atrocities by the Spaniards

10. revolt Early Filipino Uprising Rebellions surged from the different provinces or towns such as Cagayan, Tondo, Cordilllera , Cavite, Pangasinan, Leyte, Panay, Sultan Kudarat, and other places in Mindanao.

11. revolt Early Filipino Uprising REASONS WHY THE UPRISING FAILED Spaniards possessed superior weapons and were able to employ native mercenaries. People remained divided and lacked unity. Giving of positions of power and privileges to the datu /chieftains and their families made these maharlikhas collaborate with the Spaniards thus, weakened unity among people.

12. SEEDS OF NATIONALISM

13. SEEDS OF NATIONALISM Filipinos were inspired by the liberal ideas from American and French Revolution. These uprisings proved that citizens can overthrow oppressive authorities like kings and colonial masters. Liberal ideas from these revolutions spread worldwide through trade and eventually reached the Philippines.

14. SEEDS OF NATIONALISM Most positions in churches were taken by the Spanish priest (regular priests). Filipino priests (secular priest) asked for their right to administer parishes and Filipinization of churches, but was refused by the friar-curates.

15. SEEDS OF NATIONALISM At the height of the secularization controversy, a mutiny in Cavite erupted which was caused by the revocation of the privileged shipyard workers to be exempted from forced labor and paying tribute. It was led by a military sergeant named La Madrid. The mutiny was suppressed by the Spaniards and leaders and participants were arrested and shot to death. The Spanish government also ordered the arrest of Filipinos and mestizos who were believed to be behind it. These include the Filipino priests GomBurZa : Fr. Gomez, Fr. Burgos, and Fr. Zamora. No documents had been found to show that they were connected with the mutiny. Nevertheless, they were sentenced to death by garrote.

16. Ilustrados and the propaganda movement ILUSTRADOS educated Filipinos t he important Filipino reformists were Graciano Lopez Jaena , Jose Rizal and Marcelo Del Pilar. PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT - The introduction of reforms to the Spaniards by the Ilustrados

17. Ilustrados and the propaganda movement What was included in the reform? • The Philippines would be assimilated as a province of Spain and the Filipinos would become Spanish citizens, who would enjoy all the rights and privileges by all Spanish citizens. • The Philippines would be represented in the Spanish lawmaking body called the Cortes in order to have equal status in the eyes of the law.

18. Ilustrados and the propaganda movement Reasons why the reform failed: • The Spanish officials in the country were too busy with their own problems to listen to the collective voice of the reformists. • The reformists do not have enough financial means to make their campaign effective. • The reformists themselves are not united. There were some jealousies among them. • The friars were very influential in opposing the campaign of the reformists.

19. katipunan kkk ( Kataas-taasang Kagalang-galangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan) A secret association organized by Andres Bonifacio Bonifacio and the other Katipuneros worked hard in propagating the political ideals of the Katipunan in many towns

20. Discovery of the Katipunan and cry of pugad lawin They worked at Diario de Manila where the Katipunan printed daily newspaper Their fight caused Patino to reveal the secrets of the Katipunan to her sister and told to Madre Portera about it Apolonio dela Cruz and Teodoro Patino

21. Discovery of the Katipunan and cry of pugad lawin Upon the discovery of Katipunan, Bonifacio gathered the Katipuneros at a sitio called Pugadlawin and asked them if they were ready to fight. Everyone shouted they were prepared to die. They brought out their cedulas, tore them into pieces, and had a battle cry! CRY of PUGADLAWIN

22. Division of the katipunan Katipunen was divided into two factions: Magdalo favoring Aguinaldo as the leader and Magdiwang favoring Bonifacio . Eventually, the Katipunan was replaced by another form of government headed by Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo who was elected as the President in the election held at Tejeros Convention. On November 1, 1897, Emilio Aguinaldo established the Biak na Bato Republic. It had a constitution which was to take effect for two years only

23. Individual activity W rite an expository essay by using the following guide questions: Explain how will you react to the changes brought by the Spaniards if you were actually there. b. Will you concede or resist? c. If you will concede, why? d. If you will resist, how will you show your resistance?

24. GROUP activity DEBATE

25. Generalization Analyze the given reasons why the uprising failed and provide possible runarounds to address this in case we encounter the same problem again.

26. Learning Objectives: A. distinguish Philippine politics from different era; B. analyze the impact of history on politics; C. identify important political structures and institutions that developed overtime; and D. determine the influences of colonizers to Philippine politics