Creating an Inclusive School - Cerebral Palsy, Multiple disabilities

Creating an Inclusive School - Cerebral Palsy, Multiple disabilities - Meaning and Definition, Symptoms, Causes and Teaching Strategies

1. Dr.S.Govindaraj
Assistant Professor
Adhiparasakthi College of Education
Kalavai
@
GovindarajS
Ph.D

Creating an Inclusive School

Unit 1 – Understanding
Disability

Cerebral Palsy and Multiple
Disabilities

2. @GovindarajS Ph.D

3. @
GovindarajS
Ph.D

4. Cerebral Palsy –
Meaning and
Definition
ϖCerebral means having
to do with the brain.

ϖPalsy means weakness
or problems with using
the muscles.
@GovindarajS Ph.D

5. Cerebral Palsy – Meaning and
Definition
@
GovindarajS
Ph.D

ϖGroup of
disorders that
affect a person’s
ability to move
and maintain
balance and
posture.

ϖCerebral Palsy is
the most common
motor disability
in childhood

6. Cerebral Palsy – Symptoms
@GovindarajS Ph.D
ϖDifficulty in speaking

ϖVariation in muscletone

ϖProblems in
swallowing

ϖDifficulty in walking

ϖDelays motor skills

ϖLack of muscle
coordination

ϖInvoluntary movements

ϖFavoring one side of
the body
ϖNeurological problems

ϖStiff muscles with
normal reflexes

ϖDifficulty in sucking or
eating

ϖLearning difficulties

ϖSeizures

ϖAbnormal touch

ϖMental health
conditions

ϖOral disease

7. Cerebral Palsy – Causes
ϖ Lack of Oxygen to the
brain during labor and
delivery

ϖ Head injury – Accident

ϖ Bleeding in the brain

ϖ Brain infection

ϖ Maternal infection –
affect the fetus (unborn
child after eight weeks)
@GovindarajS Ph.D

8. Cerebral Palsy – Causes
ϖ Heredity – Abnormal
Development

ϖ Jaundice in the childhood

ϖ Fetal Stroke – lack of
blood supply to the brain

ϖ Infant infection –
inflammation (reddened,
swollen due to
injury/infection) around
the brain
@GovindarajS Ph.D

9. @GovindarajS Ph.D

10. Cerebral Palsy – Types
Spastic
Cerebral
Palsy
•Causes – stiff muscles
•Difficult to walk
•Crossing their knees
•Muscle weakness, Paralysis
Dyskenetic
Cerebral
Palsy
•Trouble with body movements
•Abnormal movements – arms, hands and legs
•Face and tongue are also affected
•Difficult to sit, walk, swallow and talk
Hypotonic
Cerebral
Palsy
•Diminished muscle tone and overly relaxed muscle
•Arms and legs appear floppy like a rag doll
•Babies little control over head
•Difficult in poor reflexes
@GovindarajS Ph.D

11. Cerebral Palsy – Types
Ataxic
Cerebral Palsy
•Muscle movements – appear clumsy or jerky
•Problems with balance and coordination
•Difficult with fine motor functions – grasping objects
Mixed Cerebral
Palsy
•Combination of symptoms of different Cerebral
Palsy
•Mix of Spastic and Dyskinetic Cerebral Palsy
@GovindarajS Ph.D

12. Cerebral Palsy – Teaching Strategies
@Understand the educational
needs
@Assign seating
@Develop self-esteem
@Pair up with normal student
@Encourage to speak
@Participate in problem solving
and discussion
@GovindarajS Ph.D

13. Cerebral Palsy – Teaching Strategies
@Encourage participation
@Enhance self-confidence
@Provide group discussion
@Use personal response devices
@Expose students to diversity
@Use variety of teaching
strategies
@Make classroom physically
accessible
@GovindarajS Ph.D

14. Cerebral Palsy – Teaching Strategies
@Be proactive and active
@Teach the concept slowly
@Use Collaborative teaching
@Enhance peer tutoring
@Facilitate reading
@Minimize distractions
@Encourage and praise
@Extra time to complete tasks
@GovindarajS Ph.D

15. Cerebral Palsy – Teaching Strategies
@Encourage communication
@Teach social skills
@Use computers and audio-
visual aids
@Encourage support from peers
@Remove obstacles to move
freely
@Encourage independence
@GovindarajS Ph.D

16. Multiple Disabilities – Meaning and
Definition
@
GovindarajS
Ph.D

According to the Individuals with
Disabilities Education Act’s (IDEA),
multiple disabilities refers to
“concomitant [simultaneous]
impairments (such as intellectual
disability-blindness, intellectual
disability-orthopedic impairment,
etc.), the combination of which causes
such severe educational needs that
they cannot be accommodated in a
special education program solely for
one of the impairments. The term
does not include deaf-blindness.”

17. Multiple Disabilities – Meaning and
Definition
@
GovindarajS
Ph.D

Simultaneous occurrence
of two or more disabling
conditions - affect learning
or other important life
functions

Combination of both motor
and sensory nature.

18. Multiple Disabilities – Examples
@
GovindarajS
Ph.D

Intellectual disability and blindness

Mental retardation and orthopedic
impairment

Locomotor disability and speech
impairment

19. Multiple Disabilities – Symptoms
@
GovindarajS
Ph.D

 Limited Communication or speech impairment

 Mobility problems

 Cognitive impairments

20. Multiple Disabilities – Teaching Strategies
Parents, Educational specialists and
Medical specialists should work
together
Mingle with normal people
Love and affection
Treat like other children
Encourage to be independent
@GovindarajS Ph.D

21. Multiple Disabilities – Teaching Strategies
Help in daily activities
Involve in daily chores
Share experiences with child
Use assistive devices and assistive
technology
Be patient
Encourage to live a good and
meaningful life
@GovindarajS Ph.D

22. Multiple Disabilities – Teaching Strategies
Identify students’ strength and handle
accordingly
Make modification in classroom
Practice and reinforce
Deal with behavior issues
Involve in students’ transition planning
@GovindarajS Ph.D

23. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cerebral-palsy/symptoms-causes/syc-
20353999

https://www.healthline.com/health/cerebral-palsy#types

https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/cp/facts.html#:~:text=Cerebral%20palsy%20(CP)%20i
s%20a,problems%20with%20using%20the%20muscles.

https://www.cerebralpalsyguidance.com/cerebral-palsy/living/teacher-tips-inclusive-
classrooms/

https://www.sess.ie/categories/physical-disabilities/cerebral-palsy/tips-learning-and-
teaching

https://allplaylearn.org.au/primary/teacher/cerebral-palsy/

https://www.specialeducationguide.com/disability-profiles/multiple-
disabilities/#:~:text=According%20to%20the%20Individuals%20with,educational%
20needs%20that%20they%20cannot

https://sites.ed.gov/idea/regs/b/a/300.8/c/7 @GovindarajS Ph.D

24. @GovindarajS Ph.D
https://www.specialeducationguide.com/disability-profiles/multiple-
disabilities/#:~:text=According%20to%20the%20Individuals%20with,educatio
nal%20needs%20that%20they%20cannot

Google images

unsplash.com

https://www.michiganallianceforfamilies.org/severe-multiple-impairments/

https://wecapable.com/multiple-disabilities-meaning-definition-examples/

https://fl-
pda.org/independent/courses/TSWD/content/unit02/docs/Multiple_Disabilities_i
n_Your_Classroom_10_Tips_for_Teachers.pdf