Criteria for proper selection of Study area, Population and Sample.pptx

This presentation is prepared as part of the Course assignment of " APHR 524: "Advance Public Health Research" for the Master's Degree of Public Health (MPH), Pokhara University and can be used as reference materials for Criteria for proper selection of Study area, Population and Sample

1. Criteria for proper selection of Study area, Population and Sample Presenter: Jagat Prasad Upadhyay MPH 2 nd Semester School of Health and Allied Sciences (SHAS) 3/23/2023 Criteria for proper selection of Study area, Population and Sample 1

2. Presentation Outline Study Area Study Population Sample 3/23/2023 Criteria for proper selection of Study area, Population and Sample 2

3. Study Area Study area means the land surface area which was mapped and quantitatively sample for conducting study. Research can be conducted in a wide variety of locales– health care facilities, in people’s homes, classrooms. Researchers make decisions about where to conduct a study based on the nature of the research question and the type of information needed to address it . 3/23/2023 3 Criteria for proper selection of Study area, Population and Sample

4. Study Area The site is the overall location for the research– It could be an entire community (e.g., a Tharu community) or an institution within a community (e.g., hospital). Researchers sometimes engage in multisite studies because the use of multiple sites usually offers a larger or more diverse sample of study participants. 3/23/2023 Criteria for proper selection of Study area, Population and Sample 4

5. Criteria for selecting study area Problem specific in the areas Administrative feasibility Nature of research question Culturally acceptable Study population availability 3/23/2023 Criteria for proper selection of Study area, Population and Sample 5

6. Research Area A research area is what a research topic is placed into, but is much broader than the scope of the topic A research topic is a subject or issue that a researcher is interested in when conducting research. Selecting a research area is the very first step in writing research report.   It is important to choose a research area that is interesting professionally , as well as, personally.  3/23/2023 6 Criteria for proper selection of Study area, Population and Sample

7. Research Areas 3/23/2023 7 Criteria for proper selection of Study area, Population and Sample

8. Criteria For Selecting Research Area 3/23/2023 8 Criteria for proper selection of Study area, Population and Sample

9. Study Population The target population is the total group of subjects about whom a researcher is interested and to whom results could reasonably be generalized. Study population is a subset of the target population from which the sample is actually selected . It is also known as accessible population . The study population is the population from which a sample is drawn . 3/23/2023 9 Criteria for proper selection of Study area, Population and Sample

10. Study Subject and Population connecting the Link 3/23/2023 Criteria for proper selection of Study area, Population and Sample 10

11. Criteria for s electing study population 3/23/2023 11 Criteria for proper selection of Study area, Population and Sample

12. Selection Criteria of study population 3/23/2023 Criteria for proper selection of Study area, Population and Sample 12

13. Example Assess the effect of this health intervention program to reduce risk factors of non-communicable diseases among NCDs at risk participants in Dhangadhi and Godawari metropolitan City, Kailali Nepal 3/23/2023 Criteria for proper selection of Study area, Population and Sample 13

14. Designing selection criteria for intervention program to reduce risk factors of NCDs Inclusion Criteria (specifying populations relevant to the research questions and efficient for study) Demographic characteristics Adult population (Above 18 years) Clinical characteristics With pre-diabetic and pre-hypertension Geographic characteristics Attending health facility of Dhangadhi and Godawari Municipality Temporal Characteristics Between Fagun 2079 to Baisakh 2080 Exclusion Criteria (subset of population will not be studied because of) Interfere with loss to follow up lives permanently in the village, and will be there for the duration of the study; Interfere with quality of data Surgery or other CVDs Being at high risk of possible adverse effects Chronic infectious disease 3/23/2023 Criteria for proper selection of Study area, Population and Sample 14

15. Sample A sample refers to a smaller, manageable version of a larger group. It is a subset containing the characteristics of a larger population . Defines the selected group of people or elements from which data are collected for a study. Selecting a group of people, events, behaviors, or other elements with which to conduct a study Sampling: The process of selection of sample from the population to draw conclusion about the population. 3/23/2023 15 Criteria for proper selection of Study area, Population and Sample

16. Sample need to be representative of the population in terms 3/23/2023 16 Criteria for proper selection of Study area, Population and Sample

17. Criteria to select sample Resource (human, money, time material) For quantitative studies Population size (larger the population, the larger the sample) Confidence interval (how much error will be allowed) Confidence level (how much confident you want to be that your results are within the selected confidence interval) Standard deviation (how much dispersion from the mean you expect) 3/23/2023 17 Criteria for proper selection of Study area, Population and Sample

18. Sampling characteristics in the study population Sampling is a mechanism to collect data without surveying the entire target population. A sample is a subset of this group that represents the population. Sampling reduces survey fatigue as it is used to prevent pollsters from conducting too many surveys, thereby increasing response rates. Also, it is much cheaper and saves more time than measuring the entire group. Tracking the response rate patterns of different groups will help determine how many respondents to select. The study is not only limited to the selected part, but is applied to the entire target population. 3/23/2023 18 Criteria for proper selection of Study area, Population and Sample

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