Critical Approaches in Writing a critique paper.pdf

Approaches

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Critical Approaches in Writing

2. what is a critique?
Critique is a method of disciplined,
systematic study of a written or oral
discourse. Although critique is commonly
understood as fault finding and negative
judgement, it can also involve merit
recognition, and in the philosophical
tradition it also means a methodical
practice of doubt.

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types of criticism
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4. formalism
It claims that literary works contain intrinsic
properties and treats each work as a distinct
work of art. In short, it posits that the key to
understanding a text is through the text itself; the
historical context, the author or any other
external contexts are not necessary in
interpreting the meaning.

5. common aspects looked into
formalism
Author’s techniques in
resolving contradictions
within the work.
Central passage that
sums up the entirety of
the work
Contribution of parts
and the work as a
whole to its aesthetic
quality.
Relationship of the
form and the content

6. common aspects looked into
formalism
Use of imagery to
develop the symbols in
the work
Interconnectedness of
various parts of the
work
Paradox, ambiguity,
and irony in the work Unity in the work

7. feminism
It focuses on how literature presents women as
subjects of socio-political, psychological, and
economic oppression. It also reveals how aspects
of our culture are patriarchal, how our culture
views men as superior and women as inferior.

8. Common aspects looked into feminism
How women are
socially, politically,
psychologically, and
economically opressed
by patriarchy.
How patriarchal
ideology is an
overpowering presence.
How culture determines
gender.
How gender equality is
presented in the text
How gender issues are
presented in literary works
and other aspects of
human production and
daily life.

9. reader-response criticism
It is concerned with the reviewer’s reaction as an
audience of a work. This approach claims that the
reader’s role cannot be separated from the
understanding of the work; a text does not have
meaning until the reader reads it and interprets it.
Readers are therefore not passive and distant, but are
active consumers of the materials presented to them.

10. common aspects looked into
Interaction between the reader and the text in
creating meaning.
The impact of the reader’s delivery of sounds
and visuals on enhancing and changing meaning.
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11. marxist criticism
It is concerned with differences between
economic classes and implications of a capital
system, such as the continuing conflicts between
the working class and the elite . Hence, it
attempts to reveal that the ultimate source of
people’s experience is the socioeconomic system.

12. Common aspects
Social class as represented in the work.
Social class of the writer/creator
Social class of the characters
Conflicts and interactions between economic
classes.

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The Approaches in Writing a

14. formalist criticism
Is an approach regards literature as a “unique form of
human knowledge that needs to be examined on its
own terms.” All the elements necessary for
understanding the work are contained within the
work itself. The elements of form like the style,
structure, tone, imagery, and the like are the interests
of the formalist critique.

15. biographical/historical
Begins with the simple but central insight that
literature is written by actual people and that
understanding an author’s life can help readers more
thoroughly comprehend the work. It aims to
comprehend a literary work by probing at the social,
cultural, political, and intellectual context that
produced it – a context that includes the artist’s
biography and milieu.

16. gender criticism
Examines how sexual identity influences the
creation of the literary text.
A. Masculinist Approach
is advocated by poet Robert
Bly which focuses on the
desire to work with men’s
issues and yields to the
political conviction that
feminism does not fit with
the facts.
B. Feminist Approach
on the other hand,
attempts to correct the
imbalance of sexes by
analyzing and combating
the patriarchal attitudes
that have dominated
western thought.

17. psychological criticism
Is a criticism in which the method, the concept, or the
form of the material is influenced by psychoanalysis by
Sigmund Freud who expressed the psychoanalytical
theories changed our notions of human behavior in
which authors explore new or controversial areas like
wish fulfillment, sexuality, the unconscious and
repression.

18. sociological criticism
Evaluates a literary piece in the cultural, economic, and
political context that explores the linkage between the
author and his society. The critic scrutinizes the
author’s society to grasp a better understanding about
the masterpiece.

19. marxist criticism
Is an example of sociological criticism that highlights
on the economic and political elements of art focusing
on the ideological content of literature. Marxist
criticism believes that all art is political. It is either
challenging or endorsing the statues quo. it is
evaluative and judgemental.

20. moral/philosophical
Focuses on themes, views of the world, morality,
philosophies of the author and the like for this
approach establishes its purpose of teaching morality
and investigating philosophical issues.

21. mythological criticism
Emphasizes “the current universal patterns underlying
most literary works.” Combining insights from
anthropology, psychology, history and comparative
religion. It explores the artist’s common humanity by
tracing how the individual imagination uses myths, and
symbols common to different cultures and epochs.

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Be ready for graded recitation :)