Dialect and accent (idiolect)

1. Dialect ,Accent, and idiolect Dr. K. Lakehal-Ayat Mentouri University Constantine

2. Dr. K. Lakehal-Ayat Mentouri University Constantine Differences between kinds of language : differences in grammar, vocabulary and pronunciation Standard English is that variety which is used in print, taught at school and to non natives It is the variety spoken by educated people and used in news broadcast, etc. The SDT variety developed out of the Eng dialects used in and around London, as these were modified through the centuries by speakers at the court, by scholars from universities, by writers, and later on by schools The language used by the upper classes in the capital city came to diverge from the one used by the other social classes and came to be regarded as THE model.

3. Dialect Dr. K. Lakehal-Ayat Mentouri University Constantine Differences between kinds of language : differences in grammar, vocabulary and pronunciation The SDT variety developed out of the Eng dialects used in and around London, as these were modified through the centuries by speakers at the court, by scholars from universities, by writers, and later on by schools Standard English is that variety which is used in print, taught at school and to non natives It is the variety spoken by educated people and used in news broadcast, etc. The language used by the upper classes in the capital city came to diverge from the one used by the other social classes and came to be regarded as THE model. Accent refers SOLELY to differences of PRONUNCIATION

4. Standard English Dr. K. Lakehal-Ayat Mentouri University Constantine

5. Dr. K. Lakehal-Ayat Mentouri University Constantine Different dialects and accents are evaluated in ≠ ways Regarded as ‘beautiful’, ‘nice’, ‘pure, …

6. Idiolect Dr. K. Lakehal-Ayat Mentouri University Constantine

7. Forensic linguistics Forensic linguists can use idiolects to decide if a person did or did not produce a given piece of writing (or transcribed speech). Every speaker has a very large active vocabulary built over many years, which will differ from the vocabularies others have similarly built up, not only in terms of actual items, but also in preferences for selecting certain items and not others. Una bomber: UNiversity Airlines Dr. K. Lakehal-Ayat Mentouri University Constantine Linguistic fingerprinting: linguistic impressions created by a given speaker/writer are usable (like a signature) to identify them

8. Accent Example 1 You don't know what you're talking about . Example 2 Ye dinnae ken whit yer haverin ' aboot . Differences in pronunciation Differences in vocabulary Differences in grammar Dr. K. Lakehal-Ayat Mentouri University Constantine whit / aboot . ken / havering . dinnae

9. Example 3 A : How long are youse here? B : Till after Easter. (Speaker A looks puzzled) C : We came on Sunday . A : Ah. Youse're here a while then. Dr. K. Lakehal-Ayat Mentouri University Constantine