Disaster Management PPT

The PPT is Useful for Disaster Management Health Education Program

1. DISASTER MANAGEMENT K H Sulaiman Health Supervisor

2. A disaster can be defined as any occurrence that causes damage, ecological disruption, loss of human life or deterioration of health services on a scale sufficient to warrant an extra ordinary response from outside the affected community or area. A hazard can be defined as any phenomena that has the potential to cause disruption or damage to people and their environment.

3. Major Disasters Earthquakes Cyclones Flood Tidal waves Land slides Volcanic eruptions Tornados Fires Hurricanes Snow storms Smog (severe air pollution) Heat waves Famines Epidemic Building collapse Toxicological accident Warfare

4. 57% land is vulnerable to earthquakes. Of these, 12% is vulnerable to severe earthquakes. 68% land is vulnerable to drought. 12% land is vulnerable to floods. 8% land is vulnerable to cyclones. Apart from natural disasters, some cities in India are also vulnerable to chemical and industrial disasters and man-made disasters. India’s Vulnerability to Disasters

5. Activating an Early Warning System network and its close monitoring Mechanisms for integrating the scientific, technological and administrative agencies for effective disaster management Terrestrial communication links which collapse in the event of a rapid onset disaster Vulnerability of critical infrastructures (power supply, communication, water supply, transport, etc.) to disaster events Areas of Concern

6. Funding : Primacy of relief as disaster response. Preparedness and Mitigation very often ignored. Lack of integrated efforts to collect and compile data, information and local knowledge on disaster history and traditional response patterns. Need for standardised efforts in compiling and interpreting geo-spatial data, satellite imagery and early warning signals. Weak areas continue to be forecasting, modelling , risk prediction, simulation and scenario analysis, etc.

7. DISASTER MANAGEMENT There are three fundamental aspects of disaster management: disaster response disaster preparedness disaster mitigation

8.     DURING DISASTER DISASTER MANAGEMENT CYCLE PRE - DISASTER Preparation Mitigation Normal Phase Emergency Phase Rehabilitation Rescue & Relief Reconstruction Integration into NDMA                                     POST- DISASTER

9. Disaster impact & response SRF (Search, Rescue & First Aid). Most first help comes from uninjured survivors. Field care : Bed availability, medical care, transportation, relatives responses, identification and mortuary. Triage: Four color system Tagging Identification of dead Hospital treatment

10. Why Triage Important……? Those who are likely to live, regardless of what care they receive Those who are likely to die, regardless of what care they receive Those for whom immediate care might make a positive difference in outcome

11. In  Japan the triage system is mainly used by health professionals. The categories of triage, in corresponding color codes, are:    Category I: Used for viable victims with potentially life-threatening conditions.    Category II: Used for victims with non-life-threatening injuries, but who urgently require treatment .    Category III: Used for victims with minor injuries that do not require ambulance transport.    Category 0: Used for victims who are dead, or whose injuries make survival unlikely.

12. Relief phase: it start when assistance reach from outside area. Food Blankets Clothing Shelter Sanitary engineering Equipments Construction materials etc.

13. Epidemiological Surveillance Overcrowding and poor sanitation Introduction of CD Contamination of water sources The funds and resources is being diverted to relief, normal system suffer Ecological changes favor vectors Displacement of animals create new diseases The involvement of outside food and water create issues

14. Vaccination Typhoid, Cholera & Tetanus Nutrition It should be monitored closely

15. Rehabilitation Water Supply Food Safety Basic Sanitation Vector Control

16. Disaster Mitigation Flood mitigation work, land use practice, building construction and schools, more care for vulnerable populations etc.

17. Disaster Preparedness Ensure that appropriate systems, procedures and resources are in place to provide prompt effective assistance to disaster victims

18. Disaster Preparedness Evaluate the risk of disasters in the country Adopt standards and regulations Organize communications, information and warning system Ensure coordination and response mechanism Financial and other resources are readily available Develop public education program Coordinate information mechanism with news media Disaster simulation exercise

19. Policy Development Establish long-term goals. Assign responsibilities to assign these goals Establish recommended work practice Determine criteria for decision making While policy is from ‘top-bottom’ its implementation should from ‘bottom-top’

20. Policy Development : Different Sectors Communication Health Social Welfare Police & security Search & rescue Transport

21. Personal Protection in Different type of Disasters Use telephone only for help, not make it busy lines Listen radio or broadcast Obey official instructions. Keep family emergency kit ready Financial and other resources are readily available Develop public education program Coordinate information mechanism with news media Disaster simulation exercise

22. Flood During Flood Turn of electricity Protect people and property: move vulnerable people and valuable properties upside Beware of water contamination Obey the order of evacuation authorities Financial and other resources are readily available Develop public education program Coordinate information mechanism with news media Disaster simulation exercise

23. Flood After Flood Avoid drinking water untreated Clean and disinfect room Clean, sterilize or wash with boiling water all dishes Avoid all unsafe food and consumables

24. Have a storm safety kit handy . Stay inside during thunderstorms and blizzards . Lightning, wind and ice can damage power lines, making them very dangerous. It's also important to stay off the phone and computer during a storm too. Use flashlights instead of candles . Using candles during a storm is a big fire hazard. Don’t open the refrigerator or freezer unless you absolutely need to . Keeping the door closed as much as possible will make the food last longer. If your power goes out, have a grown-up   notify   the power company right away . The more calls or notifications they get, the faster they can find and fix the problem.

25. What to Do During an Earthquake Stay calm!  If you're indoors, stay inside. If you're outside, stay outside. If you're indoors, stand against a wall near the center of the building, stand in a doorway, or crawl under heavy furniture (a desk or table). Stay away from windows and outside doors. If you're outdoors, stay in the open away from power lines or anything that might fall. Stay away from buildings (stuff might fall off the building or the building could fall on you). Don't use matches, candles, or any flame. Broken gas lines and fire don't mix. If you're in a car, stop the car and stay inside the car until the earthquake stops. Don't use elevators (they'll probably get stuck anyway)

26. What to Do After an Earthquake Provide first aid for anyone who needs it. Check water, gas, and electric lines for damage. If any are damaged, shut off the valves. Check for the smell of gas. If you smell it, open all the windows and doors, leave immediately, and report it to the authorities (use someone else's phone). Turn on the radio. Don't use the phone unless it's an emergency. Stay out of damaged buildings. Be careful around broken glass and debris. Wear boots or sturdy shoes to keep from cutting your feet. Be careful of chimneys (they may fall on you). Stay away from beaches. Tsunamis sometimes hit after the ground has stopped shaking. Stay away from damaged areas. If you're at school or work, follow the emergency plan or the instructions of the person in charge. Expect aftershocks.

27. The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) has been set up as the apex body for Disaster Management in India, with the Prime Minister as its Chairman. Disaster Management Authorities will be set up at the State and District Levels to be headed by the Chief Ministers and Collectors/District Panchayath President respectively.

28. A National Disaster Mitigation Fund will be administerd by NDMA. States and districts will administer mitigation funds. A National Disaster Response Fund will be administerd by NDMA through the National Executive Committee. States and Districts will administer state Disaster Response Fund and Disaster Response Fund respectively. 8 Battalions of National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) are being trained and deployed with CSSR ( Collapsed Structure Search and Rescue) and MFR (Medical First Respond)equipments and tools in eight strategic locations. A National Disaster Management Policy and National Disast er Response Plan will also be drawn up.

29. Nodal Agencies for Disaster Management Floods : Ministry of Water Resources, CWC Cyclones : Indian Meteorological Department Earthquakes : Indian Meteorological Department Epidemics : Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Avian Flu: Ministry of Health, Ministry of Environment, Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Chemical Disasters : Ministry of Environment and Forests Industrial Disasters : Ministry of Labor Rail Accidents : Ministry of Railways Air Accidents : Ministry of Civil Aviation Fire : Ministry of Home Affairs Nuclear Incidents : Department of Atomic Energy Mine Disasters : Department of Mines

30. Thank You