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As the old woman bent down to pick up the ballet shoe from the sidewalk, a tear fell from her eye.
Does this sentence raise some questions for you?
• How did the ballet shoe get on the sidewalk?
• Who did it belong to?
• Why was the old woman cryin

1. Short Stories
Understanding Fictional
Unit 8

2. Story Telling
As the old woman bent down to pick up the ballet shoe from the
sidewalk, a tear fell from her eye.
Does this sentence raise some questions for
you?
•How did the ballet shoe get on the sidewalk?
•Who did it belong to?

3. •Why was the old woman crying?
In a fictional story, one sentence can raise many questions.
Stories Are Not Just for Children!
Fictional stories
•Capture the complexity of human experiences and emotions.
•Can evoke memories in the reader.
•Inspire readers to imagine themselves in the circumstances they
have never experienced.

4. Human Beings Are Story Tellers
•Stories teach lessons to children.
•Stories help people understand one another.
•Stories enable families to connect to their past.
•Stories inspire people to imagine the future.

5. •Most of the world’s religions are based on thousands of years of
stories that are retold every year.
A Fictional Story is Like a Puzzle
•The plot may not always be a sequence of events.
•The story may rely on descriptive details instead of events to help
you visualize the scene or understand what is going on in the
characters’ minds.

6. •Often an author leaves out details to challenge readers to use their
imagination to create the meaning of the story.
•Did you try to imagine the circumstances around the old woman and the ballet
shoe?
You should read a fictional story several times to get
the full meaning.
First Reading: Identify and Research Unfamiliar
Words or Ideas
•Look up words that are unfamiliar to you, especially those that
represent the local culture or setting.

7. •Research information about the author, the culture, or historical time
period in order to understand the context in which the story is
written.
Second Reading: Understand the Overall Plot or
“Big Picture”
•After reading the story a second time, summarize what the story
is about in one sentence.
•Ask yourself
•Is there an overall plot?
•Some stories do not have a plot. They describe a day in the life of the characters. A story
could even be a conversation or a character’s observations or thoughts.

8. •Are there several plots or story lines? How do they connect?
•Does the story include one or several time periods (present and past, for
example)?
•Who is the main character? How does the character change? How does your
perception of the character change?
Third Reading: Read for Details; Ask Analytic
Questions
•Once you have the big picture, you will notice more details and
understand why they were included when you read the story again.
•You will become more aware of other stories within the main story.

9. •Ask yourself analytic questions for deeper meaning.

10. Analytic Questions to Consider
•Why did the author write the story?
•What does the title of the story mean?
•Does the author use language metaphorically or poetically? That is, does the
author include scenes that could be interpreted symbolically?
•Is there an object in the story that has symbolic meaning? (For example, what could
the ballet shoe represent?)
•Why does the story end the way it did?
•Who is the main character? What does he or she learn?
•What did you learn from the story?
•How did the story make you feel?

11. •What in your experience enabled you to connect with this story?
What did you learn in this presentation?
•Fictional short stories can be complex and challenging to understand.
•The meaning in a short story often comes from what the reader must
imagine.
•You should read a short story several times to get the full meaning.
•Ask analytical questions to determine why the author wrote the story
and what the author wanted you to experience or to learn?