DRAINAGE SYSTEMS IN.pptx.....................................

Geography teaching presentations

1. DRAINAGE SYSTEMS IN SOUTH AFRICA

2. Exploring Base knowledge 1.What comes to mind when you think of [topic]? 2.where do you think the water is flowing to? 3. what happened to the speed of the water as it flowed from top to the bottom?

3. By the end of the lesson, you should be able to : 1. explain the concept of a drainage basin and its key components 2.Analyze the functions of a drainage basin 3. Explain and label the key components of a drainage basin on a diagram or map 4. Understand drainage patterns and their relationship to underlying rock structures

4. What is a drainage basin? A drainage basin, also known as a watershed, catchment, or river basin, is an area of land where all precipitation and surface water converge to a single point, such as a river, lake, reservoir, or ocean. The boundaries of a drainage basin are defined by the highest points of land that separate it from adjacent basins.

5. Functions of drainage basin • Drainage basins collect rainwater, snowmelt, and groundwater, channeling it into rivers and streams. • Water flowing through the basin erodes soil and rocks, carrying sediments downstream. • Drainage basins transport nutrients and, unfortunately, pollutants from the land to water bodies • Natural features of a drainage basin, such as wetlands and floodplains, can help absorb excess water during heavy rainfall, reducing flood risks. • Drainage basins are crucial for maintaining ecosystems, as they influence the availability of water and nutrients. • They are significant for agriculture, urban development, and water resource management, as they provide water for irrigation, drinking, and industrial use. • Understanding drainage basins is vital for managing water resources, predicting flooding, and addressing environmental concerns.

6. Key Components of drainage basin • Source - the starting point of a river or stream, typically in highland areas. • Tributaries - smaller streams or rivers that flow into a main river. • Main River Channel - the primary pathway for water to flow from higher to lower elevations. • Mouth - the point where the river discharges into a larger body of water, such as an ocean or lake. • Watershed - The highland or ridge that separates one drainage basin from another.

7. Drainage patterns Drainage pattern refers to the shape of the river system caused by the underlying rocks Seven types of drainage patterns 1. Dendritic 2. Rectangular 3. Trellis 4. Radial / Centrifugal 5. Centripetal 6. Deranged 7. Parallel

8. DRAINAGE PATTERNS

9. DRAINAGE PATTERNS

10. Today, we learned about drainage basins and their importance. Key takeaways include:- A drainage basin is an area of land where water flows to a single point- Key components include source, tributaries, main river channel, mouth, and watershed- Drainage basins play a crucial role in ecosystems, agriculture, urban development, and water resource management- There are 7 types of drainage patterns, each shaped by underlying rock structures Remember, understanding drainage basins is vital for managing water resources and addressing environmental concerns."

11. Any questions

12. quiz 1 . What is another term for a drainage basin? a) River delta b) Watershed c) Catchment d) All of the above 1. What is the primary function of a drainage basin? a) To collect and channel water into rivers and streams b) To absorb excess water during heavy rainfall c) To transport nutrients and pollutants d) To maintain ecosystems

13. 1. What is the term for the highland or ridge that separates one drainage basin from another? a) Source b) Tributary c) Watershed d) Mouth   1. What type of drainage pattern is characterized by a river system that resembles a tree-like shape ? a) Dendritic b) Rectangular c) Trellis d) Radial 1. Why is understanding drainage basins important? a) For predicting weather patterns b) For managing water resources and addressing environmental concerns c) For understanding ocean currents d) For studying geological formations